HA2 12/15 February

Cold War in the Eisenhower Years, the Kennedy Years

Take

a set of guided notes.

Bellwork

Identify

and explain Eisenhowers key

policies, strategies, and trials in the Cold
War.
Examine and analyze the Hungarian
Uprising and the Suez Canal Crisis

Objectives

COLD WAR: The

Eisenhower Years

Eisenhower

used nuclear weapons as a

deterrent to negotiate a cease-fire

Ending the Korean War

1952

US tests the Hydrogen Bomb

(Atomic bomb x 1000)

1953

Soviets test H-bomb

Both

quickly develop
long-range capabilities

Nuclear Threat Escalates

Dwight Eisenhower John Foster Dulles

President, soldier at
heart

Secretary of State, a
Cold Warrior

Hates waging war

Believes nuclear power is
(expensive and takes the the biggest threat, will
lives of too many
deter attacks
soldiers)

Massive retaliation
Two policy makers

Massive

Retaliation = any Soviet attack

on a US ally will be countered by a nuclear
assault on the Soviet Union

MAD

= Mutually Assured Destruction

(if we go, so will you)
Brinksmanship

Massive Retaliation MAD

Effects:
Reduces

conventional military spending

(guns, tanks, soldier pay, etc.)

Armed

forces cut in half

BUT it also led to

Massive Retaliation

ARMS RACE

1953

Stalin dies, Nikita Khrushchev

takes over

Diplomatic

meetings
throughout the 1950s
1958

Soviets and US agree to halt

nuclear testing (lasts until 1961)

Stalin dies, diplomacy returns

CIA

= Central Intelligence Agency

Gathers intelligence
Conducts secret military operations abroad
U-2

Incident: A CIA spy plane is shot

down over Soviet airspace

Eisenhower

denies it, even after CIA pilot

and his intelligence are recovered

Eisenhower uses CIA

Guatamala
Government

Iran

Nationalist, Authoritarian

Action

Wants to stop of foreign control of

economy

Threatens

Nationalize the
United Fruit
Company (USA)

US
Response

Nationalize the
Anglo-Iranian
Oil Co (UK)

CIA ousts their leaders and puts

cooperative leaders in place

Violates UN agreements!

CIA contains threats

Hungarian Uprising
Why

would we not help the Hungarians?

Suez Crisis
Why

would we stop the Suez Crisis?

What

benefitted the US from getting

involved?

Hungarian Uprising + Suez Crisis

Eisenhower

Doctrine = US will protect

Middle Eastern countries from communism
or Arab Nationalism (like Nasser in Egypt)

Compare

to Truman Doctrine = containing

communism to protect the Free World

Eisenhower Doctrine

Ch

24 sec 1 assessment pg 826

1, 2, 5, 6

Kennedy Assignment