INTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 8573-1 Third eation 2010404-15 Compressed air — Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes Air comprimé — Partie 1: Polluants ot classes de pureté Reference number 180 6575-1:2010(6) e180 2010ISO 8573-1:2010(E) POF disclaimer ‘This POF fe may contain enbecdes! yetaces. n accorance with Adobe's licensing psicy this fle may be pnt or viewed but shal nat be adted unless the ypetaens whlch are mbecded ate Icsrsed o and stated oa the computer peering the eating. Io ‘ownloeding tie le, partes acct thee the responsibhly of not Hing Adobws Ioana" polly. The 150 Cenal Secreta ‘ecopte nota area Adobe @vadomark of Adobe Sysioms Incorporated. ais ofthe satware preducts used to create this POF fl canbe found inthe General Ifo relive to the Me; the POF-creaton paramtece were opimizes for png. Every cate has been taken to ensure thal tee stale fo se by 150 member bodes. ft {he unely event at a problem eizng 1 t's ound placa Inter the Corral Secretar atthe adress given below. A COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © 1802010 All nights reserved. Uris otnerwise speed, no part ofthis pubiction maybe repraduced or ue in any form or by any means, ‘ocronic ot mechaiealincing photocopying end mice, without permission n wing fem either ISO at the edaess baw OF 10's member boay in the county of he requester. 180 copyright fee (Caee pocile 86 « CH.1211 Genova 20 Tol rat 2279900111 Fac 141 22749 0047 Email copyighi@ise org Wied wu sor Publsnedin Stzarana i 1180 2010 All agri reserved180 8573-1:2010(E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative references « sev 4 3 Terms and definitions. 4 Reference conditions nn. 5 Compressed air purity classes & Designation Annex A (informative) Guidance. Bibliography. 18180 2010 ~Atghs reserves i180 8573-1:2010(E) Foreword 180 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS member bodies). The work of preparing Intemational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and ‘non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization, International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Intemational Standards. Draft international Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by atleast 75 % of the member bodies casting a vole. ‘Attention is drawn to the possiblity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent Fights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 180 8573-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines ‘and equipment, Subcommittee SC 4, Compressed air punty’ specification and compressed air treatment equipment. ‘This third esition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 8673-1:2001), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical corrigendum ISO 8573-1:2001/Gor.1:2002, 180 8573 consists of the following parts, under the general tile Compressed air: — Part 1: Contaminants and purty classes — Part 2: Test methods for oi aerosol content — Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humidity — Part 4: Test methods for solid particle content — Part 8: Test methods for oll vapour and organic solvent content — Part 6: Test methods for gaseous contaminant content ~ Part 7: Test method for viable microbiological cantaminant contont — Part 8: Test methods for solié particle content by mass concentration — Part 9: Test methods for liquid water content v (8180 2010- Alright reservedISO 8573-1:2010(E) Introduction ‘This part of ISO 8573 is the key element of the ISO 8573 series of documents, which provides a classification system for the main contaminants of a compressed air system and identifies how other contaminants can be identified in addition to the classification system, This part of ISO 8573 Is supplemented by other parts that provide measurement methods for a wide range of contaminants, ‘As an important addition to this part of ISO 8573, Annex A has been added to provide the user with guidance fon 2 number of aspecis of the classification system and topics related to the associated measurement methods, (© 190 2010 — Al gts reservedLeena SYR ARNR S At UELEACO DAVLA {68 Sie tora. aheaes Bannon vadINTERNATIONAL STANDARD Compressed air — Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes 14 Scope ‘This part of ISO 8573 specifies purity classes of compressed air with respect to particles, water and cil, Independent ofthe location in the compressed air system at which the air is specified or measured. ‘This part of ISO 8573 provides general information about contaminants in compressed air systems as well as links to the other parts of ISO 8573, either for the measurement of compressed air purty or the specification of compressed air purty requirements. In addition to the above-mentioned contaminants of particles, water and oil, this part of ISO 8573 also identifies gaseous and microbiological contaminants. Guidance is given in Annex A as to the application of this part of ISO 8673, 2. Normative references ‘The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies, 180 7183, Compressed-air dryers — Specification and testing 180 8573-2, Compressed air — Part 2: Test methods for ol aerosol content 180 8673-3, Compressed air — Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humidity 180 8573-4, Compressed air— Part 4: Test methods for solid particle content 180 8573-5, Compressed air— Part §: Test methods for oll vapour and organic solvent content 180 8873-8, Compressed air— Part 8: Test methods for gaseous contaminant content 180 8573-7, Compressed air— Part 7: Test method for viable microbiological contaminant content 180 8573-8, Compressed air — Part &: Test methods for solid particle content by mass concentration 180 8573-9, Compressed air— Part 9: Test methods for iquid water content 16180 2010 ~ At its reserved1S 8573-1:2010(E) 3. Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, he terms and definitions given in SO 7183, ISO 8573-7 and the following apply 3a aerosol suspension in a gaseous medium of solid particles, liquid particles or solld and liquid particles having negligible fall-velocty/setling-velocity 32 agglomerate ‘group of two or more particles combined, joined or formed into a cluster by any means 33 lubricantlcoolant fluid used to remove heat and reduce friction in a compressor, 34 dewpoint temperature at which water vapour begins to condense 35 hydrocarbon ‘organic compound consisting mainly of hydrogen and carbon 36 ‘microbiological contaminants Viable colony-forming units, which can be of bacteria, fungi or yeasts 37 oll ‘mixture of hydrocarbons composed of six or more carbon atoms (Cg.) 38 particle ‘small discrete mass of solid or liquid matter 39 Particle size 4 length of the greatest distance between two external boundaries 3.10 pressure dewpoint dewpoint ofthe air atthe specified pressure 31 relative water vapour pressure relative humicity ratio ofthe partial pressure of water vapour to its saturation pressure at the same temperature 312 vapour {gas that is at a temperature below Is critical temperature and that, therefore, can be liquefied by isothermal compression 2 (0180 2010--Alt gh reserved180 8673-1:2010(E) 4 Reference conditions ‘The reference conditions for gas volumes shall be as follows: = airtemperature 20°C — absolute air pressure 100 kPa =[1 bar (a) — relative water vapour pressure 0 5 Compressed air purity classes 5.1 General The three major contaminants in compressed air are solid particles, water and oll; these are categorized by compressed air purty classes. These compressed air purty classes group the concentrations of each of the above contaminants into ranges, leach range being given its own purity class index. The range limits are aligned to those figures found in practice, ‘When required, all other contaminants should be stated directly by the specific concentrations allowed, or determined within the compressed air supply; see 6.4. 5.2. Particle classes ‘The particle purity classes are identified and defined in Table 1. Measurements shall be made in accordance with ISO 8573-4 and, when required, ISO 8573-8 Where it is determined that there are particles with a size greater than 5 ym, then the classification of 1 to 5 ‘cannot be applied ‘Table 1 — Compressed air purity classes for particles Maximum number of particles per cubie metre Class* as a function of particle size, d® me OSumede tou | iOumed 10 >To quai fora class designation, each size range and parce number within a Gass shallbe met > atreterence eandtons: se6 Caure 4 Je seeasza 12180 2010 At igts rotors180 8573-1:2010(E) 5.3 Humidity and liquid water classes The humidity and liquid water purity classes are identified and defined in Table 2, Measurements shall be ‘made in accordance with ISO 8573-3 and, when required, |SO 8573-8. Table 2 — Compressed air purity classes for humidity and liquid water Pressure dewpoint “c 0 'As spectied by the equipment user or supper than elase # = eterence conto; see Cause & 8.4 Oilclasses The total oll purity classes are identified and defined in Table 3, Measurements for liquid oll and aerosols of oil shall be made in accordance with ISO 8573-2. It is considered that, for classes 3, 4 and X, the oll vapour Content is not expected to significantly affect the total concentration; therefore, the measurement of vapour is optional. Where itis deemed necessary fo measure the oll vapour, then ISO 8573-6 shall be used. Table 3 — Compressed air purity classes for total oil seat ean an 5 oe i 208 He! =n 3 s a = x = = _Avoterence contions: see Clause 4 12150 2010-~Allighs reserved5.5 Gaseous contaminants No purty classes are identified for gaseous contaminants; the presentation of contaminant levels Is given in 6.4. Values for gaseous contaminants shall be measured in accordance with ISO 8573-6, 56 No purity classes are identified for microbiological contaminants; the presentation of contaminant levels is given in 6.4. Values for microbiological contaminants shall be measured in accordance with |SO 8573-7, licrobiological contaminants 6 Designation 6.1 Designation principle The designation principle of the purity class of compressed air at the specified measuring point shall include the following information in the order given and separated by a colon’ 180 8873-1:2010 [A-B:C] where ‘A is the purty class for particles; see Table 1; 8 isthe purty class for humility and liquid water; see Table 2; Cis the purty class for oi, see Table 3. 6.2 Unspecified designation When a class for any particular contaminant A, B, or C is not specified, the designation shall be replaced by a hyphen. In the example given below, there is no humidity or liquid water classification. 180 8573-1:2010 [A:--0] 63 Class X designation ‘When the contamination level falls within class X, then the highest concentration of the contaminant shall be given in round brackets. In the example given below, the concentration of liquid water, Cy, is 15 gim®. 180 8573-1:2010 [AX(15):0} 6.4 Gaseous or microbiological contaminants designation (optional) Gaseous and microbiological contaminants shall be identified as an additional item to the designation given in 6.18 follows: — 180 8573-6 [contaminant & value & unit of measure); — 180 8573-6 [possible further contaminant & value & unit of measure}: — 180 8573-7 [value cfulm*}, (©180 2010 ~ Ai dgts reserved180 8573-1:2010(E) EXAMPLE SO 8573-1:2010/A8-C] = (80, $0.01 maikat, = (00, <1 mata} = (60.0.1 moh) = 15 (efuyin) (where cfu designates colony-forming units) (180 2010-~ A ight eserves1S0 8573-1:2010(E) Annex A (informative) Guidance A. Air purity specifications The air purty classification given in this part of ISO 8579 is intended to provide a guide to the air purity ‘expected in the compressed air system rather than resulting from the inclusion of a single air treatment ‘component. It should be recognized that achieving any given air purty specification cannot be done exclusively by a combination of equipment; the specification of the correct lubricants/coolants and the correct control of physical parameters, such as temperature, are also required. The correct control of such parameters as temperature has an effect on the physical state of the liquids, which can become aerosols or vapours, To maintain the air purty within @ compressed air system, itis considered essential that suppliers’ recommendations regarding maintenance intervals be followed, A.2 Special applications This part of 180 8573 might not be suitable to fully define the requirements of special applications. It can be the case that, for applications such as breathing air, medical air, food and beverage, itis required to consider controling other contaminants not identified in a classification or not included as a contaminant, to fully specify that requirement. It can be necessary to consult other sources of information, such as a pharmacopoel breathing air specications and clean-room standards, before an air purity specification can be established. In addition, national in-use requirements can also stipulate regular testing for applications such as breathing air supplies. A3 Contaminants A.3.4 General Contaminants can exist in soli, quid or gaseous form. They influence each other (e.g. solid particulates agglomerate in the presence of oil or water to form larger particles; oll and water form an emulsion) or condense (e.g. oll vapour or water vapour) inside the pipework of compressed alr systems, A.3.2 Solid A324 General Contaminants in solid form originate from many different sources, e.g. dust particles from the surrounding ‘atmosphere drawn in by the compressor air intake or by abrasion or corrosion within the compressed air system. They can range from very large, granular to extremely small submicron-sized particles. Furthermore, solid particles can be either inert particles or viable colony-forming units A322. Particle classes 6 and 7 industrial tools and pneumatic-fuid power-operated machines have traditionally been supplied with air fitered by general-purpose fiers with a notional particle size rating of 5 ym (class 6) and 40 um (class 7). These ratings were applied many years ago before the latest particle-size-measuring systems were developed and have given satisfactory service while keeping the pressure losses (and therefore the power losses) to a 1 180 2010 ~ Al ight reserves 7180 8573-1:2010(E) ‘The ratings are not absolute particle removal ratings and the air purty delivered by these fiters is provided by fiters with removal efficiency ratings of at least 95 % of the rated particle, Le. 95% of 5 um particles for class 6 and 95 % of 40 jim particles for class 7, when tested as descrived in ISO 12500-3. A3.3 Liquid Contaminants in liquid form within the compressed alr system ate mainly water and compressor lubricancoolant. Other quid contaminants can be present by being drawn into the compressor air intake from the surrounding atmosphere. Their concentration is dependent on temperature and pressure. Therefore, liquids can be present due to the condensation of their vapours. Their concentration can range from high Concentrations of liquid wall flow to droplets and extremely small submicron-sized aerosols, Liquid contaminants can promote corrosion, especially in the case of water, within the compressed air distribution system generating further contaminants. Liquid contaminants generated from compressor lubricants/coolants should be compatible with seals and non-ferrous piping, including aluminium and plastic. A3.4 Gaseous Contaminants in gaseous form are generally comprised of water vapour and compressor lubricant/coolant ‘vapour, the concentration of which is dependent on both the temperature and the pressure of the gas. Other gaseous contaminants can be present by being drawn into the compressor air intake from the surrounding atmosphere. Gaseous contaminants can dissolve in liquids that are present or can themselves condense into liquid form by temperature reduction or increasing pressure. 8 (©180 2010 - Alright eservesIs 8573-1 :2010(E) Bibliography [1] 180 3649, Cleaning equipment for air or other gases — Vocabulary [2] 180 12500-3, Filters for compressed air — Test methods — Part 3: Particulates [3] A guide to the measurement of humiclty, National Physical Laboratory, UK, ISBN 0-904457-24.9 (2180 2010 — Al ois reseedIes 71.10.20 Pree based on 8 pages (6180 20:0 Alright servesINTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 8573-6 First edtion 2003-05-01, Compressed air — Part 6: Test methods for gaseous contaminant content Air comprimé — Parti 6: Méthodes o'essai pour ls détermination de la teneur en polluants gazeux Reference number 180 8573-6-2003(€) 2180 2003180 8573-6:2003(E) POF disclaimer “This POF te may contain embedded typetaces. n aceatance wih Adobe's ceasing pote thls te may be pnts or vewod but hal not be ected unless the typetaces tien are embedded are Icensed to and nsatea ca te computer parormig the eaing. In fowntacing tis pares accept eran Ina responsi of rot nrnging Adobe's lcensng poy. Te ISO Cental Secretariat ‘ozopt no Labi ins aes Adobe sa trademark of Adobe Systons Incorporated Detaleof tha sofware sroducts use to create this POF fle can be found i the General I relative othe fl; the POF-craton parameors were opbrice fe prning. Every care as been tan fo ensue tht fhe fs sue ere ny 1SO member bodies. {he unity evan ata pobiem eating ttl fours, please inform the Coital Sectlarat the adress given below © 1802000 ‘All igs reserved. Uniess otherwise specfed. no part ofthis publication may be reproduced or ulzed in any fam or by any mean, ‘lecronc oe mesranialincasing pholcopying and mieotim, without pemision in wang Hom ether ISO atte adafesa below of {50's member boay in ne county o! te requester. 180 copyright ofc (Cane posile £6 » CH-1211 Geneve 20 Tet at 227400119 Fax $41 22749 0847 Erma expanse org Wied ene org Publishes in Svtzertand i (2150 2003 — Al ighis resend180 8873-6:2003(E) Contents Page Foreword, Introduction 1 Scope. 2 Normative references eu 1 3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols 1 4 Selection guide and available methods. 2 & Sampling techniques. 3 6 Measurement methods. 5 7 Reference conditions, 5 8 —_Evaluation of test result 5 8 5 10 6 Annex A (informative) Compressed air contaminant concentration report — Example, a ‘Annex B (informative) Measurement and sampling procedures on site and analysis in laboratory.....8 Annex G (informative) Analytical and on-line sampling systems 8 Annex D nfomatve) Equipment for onsite measurement — Sampling and measurement procedures — Sampling in gas detector tube... BibliographyISO 8573-6:2003(E) Foreword 180 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work, ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 The main task of technical committees is to prepare international Standards, Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by atleast 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. ‘Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements ofthis document may be the subject of patent rights. [SO shall nt be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 180 8573-8 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors, pneumatic tools and pneumatic machines, Subcommittee SC 4, Quality of compressed air 180 8573 consists ofthe following parts, under the genera tle Compressed air — Part 1; Contaminants and purty classes — Part 2: Test methods for aerosol ol content — Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humilty — Part 4: Test methods for solid particle content — Part $: Test methods for ol vapour and organic solvent content — Part 6: Test methods for gaseous contaminant content — Part 7: Test method for viable microbiological contaminant content — Part 8: Test methods for solid particle content by mass concentration — Part 9: Test methods for liquid water content (©180 2003 — Al ghts reservesIntroduction This part of ISO 8573 is one in a series of standards (planned or published) with the ambition of harmonizing air contamination measurements. It is also intended to be used for reference when stating purty classes according to ISO 8573-1 In this part of |SO 8873, gaseous contamination of compressed air means that a sample of compressed air Could contain small quantities of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO,), sulphur dioxide (SO), hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen (NO,) — the latter being a mixture of nie oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO,), without @ specified ratio between the two components. It is possible to obtain separate Concentration values for NO and NO2 using either the laboratory equipment recommended here or on-site equipment, while under the recommended laboratory analytical procedure, hydrocarbons are the sum of a variety of species assuming a ratio of CyH; es (6180 2003 — Al ahs resercopes ts CINIDEABTHA $A, OBL DAUD ORAL BOTSe Sa a wailing seus!INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Compressed air — Part Test methods for gaseous contaminant content 1 Scope ‘This part of ISO 8573 provides a selection of suitable test methods from those available for the measurement ff contamination gases in compressed air. It specifies sampling technique, measurement and evaluation, Uncertainty considerations and reporting for the applicable gaseous contaminants carbon monoxide, carbon ioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and hydrocarbons in the range C; to Cs (see ISO 8573-5 for Cz and above). The methods given are also sultable for other gases, 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 180 1219-1, Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circut diagrams — Part 1. Graphic symbols 180 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results — Estimation of the mean — Confidence interval 180 2854, Statistical interpretation of data — Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and 180 8673-1, Compressed air— Port 1: Contaminants and purity classes 3. Terms, definitions, units and symbols For the purposes of this document, the terms and definiions given in 1SO 8673-1, and the symbols given in 180 1219-1 apply. See Table 1 for an explanation ofthe units and other symbols used (© 180 2000 — A ight served 1180 8573-6:2003(E) ‘Table 1 — Preferred units and symbols (and their non-preferred equivalents) used in this part of ISO 8873, Uniusymbol| Explanation Pa tear) ear = 100 000 Ty v3 & ppmy)® Volume fraction expressed in militves per cubic metre [= one part per milion (1 ppm) en a volume basis: 1/108 (tims), mum? (= ppmy) Cs Volume action expressed in mites per euble metre [= one par par mili (1 ppm) on a volume basis: 1/108 (atm?) ferred to a theoretical C,-molecule [2013 Pern) | Mass fraction expressed in micrograms per gram [= pars per milion on a weight basis) 19h by volume [Volume fraction of %: 1/102 (mim) — fuPaje) aria) _[Efectve pressure [MPa(a) bar(a)]__| Reference condiion absolute pressure ‘nomen ptt (pam) Ie & deprecsied unite, rot accepted by te Internalenal System of Unis, SI. See, fer exami, 10 ved Weigh” contin o be use to mean mass, but hs practical deprecated. Seo ISO 31-3 4 Selection guide and available methods ‘There are two options for the measurement of contaminant content: 2) sampling and analysis on-site ) sampling on-site, analysis inthe laboratory The recommended mathods and equipment within these options are given in Table 2. ‘Table 2— Recommended measurement mothods/equipment Gaseous | ‘Measurement equipment contaminant lofrsite [Carson monoxide | Non-dspersive infrared (NDIR} absorption spectrometer (co) [Carton dioxide (C0,) | Non-dspersive inirared (NDIR) absorption spectrometer Sulphur dioxide (S0,) | Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption spectrometer [Dv-nuorescence Fydro-carbons (HC) | Heated flame ionisation detector (HFID) (C, 10.5) | Nitrogen oxides (NO,) | Chamiluminescent detector (CLD) with an NOJINO convener, and ina heated version (HCLD) onsite fai dentifed gases | Gas detector tubes with colour change 2 (2150 2003 — Al dghis reserved180 8573-6:2003(E) 5 Sampling techniques 5.1 Gas sampling in bags ‘The gas sample shall be taken at atmospheric conditions and collected in a special gas sampling bag made for the purpose. A sample of the compressed air shall be collected in a gas sampling bag for the evaluation of the contaminant concentration values. All measurements on the sample shall be carried out under ‘atmospheric pressure conditions. Use of a commercially available gas sampling bag (2.9. one made of fluoroethylene propylene) to collect a ‘sample of air for analysis should be made by the following method. The gas sampling bag should be ofthe type suitable for gas collection. Turbulent flow conditions are required In the main system pipe to ensure @ mixing of the gaseous contaminants to give a representative sample of the ar, Connect the gas sampling bag to the sampling point using @ probe (see Figure 1), through a pressure reducing valve, by a polytetrafuoroethyiene (PTFE) tube and a PTFE, or stainiess steel, connector, ‘depending upon the expected gas impurities. The piping should be protected from the possible formation ‘condensation. The bag should have a vent vaive to allow for flushing. Flushing should take place for § min \with system air before taking the sample. Care should be taken to ensure that the bag is not over-inflated and ofa size consistent with the sample requited. The bag should only be re-used if permitted by the manufacturer. ‘Together with the filed gas-sampling bag an empty unused gas-sampiing bag shall be brought to the laboratory fora blind test 5.2. Ond e sampling The gas sample shall be taken at system pressure using a stainless steel probe (see Figures 1 and 2), The tend of the probe outside the compressed air pipe shall have a valve, which shall be suitable for al pressure Conditions of the compressed air pipe. The probe shall be free from contaminants affecting the readings. See Annex C for the procedure, 5.3 Sampling in gas detector tube ‘See Annex D for the procedure.180 8673-6:2003(E) 210? 230% le r Lf so" oo Key ‘sampling probe in the main pipe adjustable gland to alow acjustment of probe direction of sic fow ‘main pipe diameter, D ‘minimum straight length before probe, 10 x D probe ingetion point at minimum of 3x D internal probe diameter, Figure 1 — Equipment set-up of probe insertion for sampling 3| = pF ph TZ, DL c oy 1 tection of fow rome | « | a |e 2 crevice int ste | mm | om | mm 2 sufabepressueght head comecton es 4 tomembranehocer Sa a tae 2 [7 [186 | 400 Figure 2 — Stainless steel sampling probe 4 12180 2003 — al sghie rotons6 Measurement methods ‘The recommended procedure for the evaluation of the contaminant concentration values in a laboratory Is given in Annex C. The analytical equipment proposed for use by Annex C is based on the detector principles Identiied in Table 2. Consideration shall be given to the measurement system integrity and the callbration requirements of the measurement equipment, which shall be used in accordance with the applicable instructions and to the degree of gaseous contamination measured. For the measurement of the concentration values, on-site gas detector tubes may be employed. This offers @ direct reading from a scale via a chemical reaction with @ colour change proportional to the actual contaminant ‘concentration in the actual compressed air sample taken. See Annex O. 7 Reference conditions Unless otherwise agreed, the reference conditions for gaseous contaminant concentration shall be in accordance with Table 3: Table 3 — Reference conditions Aitonparatue ae vroresure 21 wala) fe (tara) Relate water vapour pressure ° 8 Evaluation of test result The results of the measurements are given as concentration values of the contaminants as volume fractions cr percentages by volume, See Table 1 9 Uncertainty NOTE A calculation ofthe probable error according to this clause isnot aMays necessary Due to the very nature of physical measurements itis impossible to measure a physical quantity without error or, in fact, to determine the true error of any particular measurement. However, if the conditions of the ‘measurement are sufficiently well known, itis possible to estimate or calculate a characteristic deviation of the ‘measured value from the true value, such that it can be asserted with a certain degree of confidence that the true error is less than the said deviation. The value of such deviation (normally 95 % confidence limit) Constitutes a ortrion of the accuracy of the particular measurement. It is assumed that all systematic errors that may occur in the measurement of the individual quantities ‘measured and of the characteristics of the gas can be compensated for by corrections. A further assumption is that the confidence limits in errors in reading and integration errors may be negligible if the number of readings is sufficient: the (small) systematic errors that could occur are covered by the inaccuracy of measurements, ‘The information about asserting the uncertainty of measurement of individual quantities measured and on confidence limits of the gas properties are approximations. These approximations can only be Improved by efforts of disproportionate expense (see ISO 2602 and ISO 2854). (© 180 2008 — aright reserved180 8573-6:2003(E) 10 Test report 10.1 Statements Statements of the concentration of gaseous contaminants in the compressed air shall be made as volume fractions (see Table 1) The statement shall be suficiently detailed to allow the values tobe verified according to the procedures of ths part of [SO 8573. 10.2 Statement format ‘The reportistatement used to declare the concentration of gaseous contaminants in accordance with this part of ISO 8573 shall contain the following information: 4) _@ description of the compressed air system and its working conditions, with sufficient detail to enable the applicabilty ofthe declared concentration value to be determined; ) a description of the sampling point where the samples were taken ©) a description of the sampling and analytical system that was used (particularly materials used) and details Of its calibration record if applicable; 4) the words “Declared concentration of the contaminant CO/COzISO_/MCINOINO, In accordance with 180 8573-8", followed by — the figure forthe actual, average measured value evaluated according to Clause 8, — the actual atmospheric conditions, and — the date of the sampling and measurement, €) a statement regarding the applicable uncertainty See Annex A for an example report 6 10150 2005 — Al igs reseneeISO 8573-6:2003(E) Annex A (informative) Compressed air contaminant concentration report — Example See Figure A.t ‘Statement In the compressed air system at Consisting of four air compressors, ater-coolers and refrigerant type dryers, wih one compressor on stand-by, two compressors working a fll load and one compressor loaded to approx. 50 % and wocking at 0,7 MPa(e) [= 7 bar(e)] network pressure, measurements on the concentrations (CO, CO, S0,, HC and NO, were made. The probe to oblain the samples was installed where the supply pipe enters the B-shop. ‘Samples were taken regularly at hourly intervals during @ 48 h period, Each sample consisted of trae plastic gas collection bags, manufactured by ‘Atmospheric conaitions during sampling and measurement were as flows ‘Starting date: navn 185°C 0101 MPa, 49% relative humidity Finishing date: 22°C 0,101 6 MPa 42 96 relative humidity NOTE Average of 8 samples or evry twee measurements The analysis was made in laboratory ‘with the analytical equipment manufactured by : ‘The calibration ofthe anaiytical equipment was validated on Before and afer each measurement, the analyser setting was contrlled by span and zero gases. “The declared concentrations in aocardance with ISO 8573-6 are as folows: ‘Carbon mononide (CO) (24) minor pam | used ulseaie range | (01028) mlm? or ppmy Carbon dowde (CO) (G42 8) minor ppmy | weed fullscale range | (O10 1000) mUm® or Bpmy Suphur dioxce (603) “ The tomporature shal be kept between 86 °C and 200°. & _Theline al be madein PTFE orin tiles toe may be heated or unheated C.2 Measurement of samples ‘After control of the setting of the analysers, recorded on a strip chart recorder or with an equivalent data acquisition system, the bag with the sample is connected to the analytical system at the three-way valve whilst room air or synthetic air is pumped through the system. Then the valve is switched to the postion where the sample is pumped through the system so that the analysers show the reading of the contaminant concentration, The reading must be stable for at least 3 min in order for a concentration value representative of that sample to be produced. The reading is recorded during the whole time. The actual concentration values can be produced manually via interpretation of the record or via an electronic data evaluation device hich identifies automatically a stable response of the analysers for a period of 3min and then prints the concentration values. 40 (©180 2003 — Aight reservesAnnex D (informative) Equipment for on-site measurement — Sampling and measurement procedures — Sampling in gas detector tube D1. Sampling equipment ‘The sample is taken from the compressed air line, The measured concentration can be recognized as the progress of the colour change frontal area with reference to the scale on the glass tube, The sampling measurement should be repeated to arive at an acceptable confidence level. Figure D.1 shows a schematic diagram of a possible arrangement using the detector tube technology as an analytical system > > 1 Key ‘compressed ar system (sampling point) pressure regulator needle dosage valve flow meter detector tube pressure gauge Figure D.1 — Example arrangement using gas detector tube method D.2 Measurement equipment ‘The procedure for measuring the concentration values of gases that could be contaminating a compressed air supply is described here. The method, which is widely used, is commonly identified as detector tubes, Detector tubes are available for nearly all relevant gaseous contaminants and, in some cases, for more than fone contaminant. See EN 1231 The principle of these detector tubes is a specific chemical reaction of the component to be measured with a ‘change of colour. There is @ defined amount of reagent equivalent to the expected concentration range in the tube. Because the chemical reaction follows stoichiometric relations, the reading of the detector tube produces valid figures, provided the measured concentration is contained in an exactly defined volume. “The measurement response of this method is a colour change with a frontal area that proceeds proportional to the contaminant concentration, the sample flow rate through the tube and the sampling time. (© 180 2009 — A rights eserved "ISO 8573-6:2003(E) Bibliography [1] 180.3857-1, Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary — Part 1: General {2} 180.8898, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary [3] 180.8178-t, Reciprocating intemal combustion engines — Exhaust emission measurement — Part 1. Test-bed measurement of gaseous and particulate exhaust emissions [4] 180 8573-3, Compressed air— Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humidity [5] EN 1231, Workplace atmospheres — Short term detector tube measurement systems — Requirements and test methods 12 (2180 2003 — Al dghis reserves1S 8673-6:2003(E) les 71.10.20 ce based on 12 pages (2180 2003 — Al rans reservesINTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 8573-7 First edtion 2002-05-01, Compressed air — Part 7: Test method for viable microbiological contaminant content Air comprimé — Partie 7: Méthode c'essai pour ls détermination de la teneur en ppolluants microbiologiques viables Reference number '80 8573-7-2003(6) 180 2003180 8573-7:2003(E) POF disclaimer ‘his POF fe may contin embedded tysetaces. In accortanoe wth Adobe's lensing policy, tis fle may be ented or viewed but hat not be edes unless the tpetaces union are embedded are Icensed to and installed on the computer performing he edn. In ‘Sounioadng Ps fle. parces accent therein the respanaily of not infinging Adobe's tensing poy, Te ISO Cents Secreta ‘apts no ny nth reo Adobe is a ademark of Adobe Systems Incrperate, Dias ofthe sofware products uses to creste this POF fe can Be foun inthe Gone info alate oth fle; the POF-reation poremetere were opimize fer pining. Every ce has been than ensure tat ho fie sulable or use by [SO member bodes. In the untkely event hal a prctim relating tts four, please frm the Cental Secreta at he access given below: © 180 2008 [lights reson Unless otherwise spied, no pat of his publetion may be reproduced or utizes in ay fom er by any means, ‘ieevone or mechanical Inluing ptocopyng and microfin,wiheut parmiscion i wing fem ele ISO ate adress below ot {80's member bay nthe county a he requester 180 copy tee (Case poste 56» CH-*21% Geneva 20 Yer 44 227600811 Fax +41 22748 0947 Erma copynghiiso.org Wied wen so. Publsnesin Swizerans ‘i (©180 2003 — Al ighs reservedContents Page Foreword, Scope. Normative references Terms and definitions Operating conditions. Determination of viable, colony-forming organisms.. 1 2 3 ae = 4 Method for verifying presence of viable micro-organisms by partial flow sampling 5 6 7 Test report statement Annex A (informative) Determination of viable microbiological particle content in compressed ‘alt — Sample test repott.enrunennm er : ‘Annex B (normative) Quantitative sampling method Annex ¢ (informative) Sampling endotoxins... ‘Annex D (informative) Preparation of Petri dish with culturable medi Bibliography180 8873-7:2003(E) Foreword 180 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally cartied out through ISO technical committees, Each member body interested in subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Intemational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work, ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft international Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as. an International Standard requires approval by atleast 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Allenton is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent Fights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 180 8573-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISOITC 118, Compressors, pneumatic tools and pneumatic machines, Subcommittee SC 4, Quality of compressed alr 180 8673 consists of the following parts, under the general tile Compressed air — Part 1: Contaminants and punty classes — Part 2: Test methods for aerosol ol content — Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humidity — Part 4: Test methods for sold particle cantent — Part 5: Test methods for oll vapour and organic solvent content Part 6: Test methods for gaseous contaminant content Part 7: Test method for visble microbiological contaminant content — Part 8: Test methods for soli particle content by mess concentration — Part 9: Test methods for liquid water content v (2180 2003 — Al dohis reservesINTERNATIONAL STANDARD Compressed air — Part 7: Test method for viable micro! logical contaminant content 4 Scope This part of ISO 8573 specifies a test method for distinguishing viable, colony-forming, microbiological organisms (e.g. yeast, bacteria, endotoxins) from other solid particles which may be present in compressed air. One of @ series of standards aimed at harmonizing air contamination measurements, it provides a means of sampling, incubating and determining the number of microbiological particles. The test method is suitable for determining purty classes in accordance with |SO 8573-1, and is intended to be used in conjunction with 180 8573-4 when there Is need to identify solid particles that are also viable, colony-forming unit 2 Normative references ‘The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies, 180 8573-1, Compressed air— Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes 180 8573-4, Compressed air— Pert 4: Test methods for solid particle content 3. Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply 3a microbiological organisms particles characterized by their abilly to form viable colonies NOTE These can be identified as bacteria, yeast of fungi 32 ‘number of viable micro-organisms ‘number of micro-organisms having a potential for metabolic activity 33 culturable number number of micro-organisms, single cells or aggregates able to form colonies on a solid nutrient medium 34 Colony-forming unit cru nit by which the culturable number is expressed 1180 2003 — Al vane reserved180 8873-7:2003(E) 4 Method for ve ing presence of viable micro-organisms by parti The method for verifying the presence of viable micro-organisms is to expose an agar nutrient to the compressed air sample. A quantitative assessment may be made by the method given in Annex B. See ‘Annex O for details on the preparation of an agar plate with a culturable media, For partialflow sampling, a si-sampler, a type of impaction air tester (see Figure 1), shall be used together with the method given in ISO 8573-4. Isokinetic sampling of the air shall be carried out and reduced uni itis within the range of the sampler as identified by the manufacturer. Pressure reduction to atmospheric Conditions and flow measurements shall be performed in order to establish compatibility with the manufacturer's recommendations or in accordance with ISO 8573-4. Where the flow is known, the time for the ‘exposure of the agar media to the compressed air sample shall be recorded To assist in discriminating non-microbiological from microbiological particles, measurements shall be taken within 4 7 3 key 4 air intake 2 rotating Petri dish with agar 3 airoutet 4 at Figure 1 — Siit-sampler itis necessary to eliminate, as far as possible, the influence of liquids on particle size and number so that 2 correct reading can be obtained. The influence of water shall not be reduced by heating or drying of air, where this might otherwise have been appropriate, in order to avoid influencing the viablity of microbiological organisms. The influence of iquids other than water shall be given due consideration, 5 Operating conditions ‘Actual operating conditions shall be described in the test report (see Annex A) 2 12180 2009 — Al ights reserved1S0 8573-7:2003(E) 6 Determin n of viable, colony-forming organisms ‘After incubation ofthe sample on the agar nutrient (see 8.3), the surface shall be visually examined to confirm the presence of viable, colony-forming micro-organisms, 7 Test report statement ‘A statement shall be made in the test report, supplementary tothe statement in accordance with ISO 8573-4 {or solid particles, providing confirmation thal there are viable, colony-forming microbiological particles among the sols particles. This phrase “Declared sterty of the compressed air in accordance with ISO 8573-1", shall be folowed by — “Sterie" or ‘non-sterile’ — date of sampling date of measurements, and — location Annex A presents a sample test report. (© 180 2009 — A igh reservedISO 8573-7:2003(E) Annex A (informative) Determination of viable microbiological particle content in compressed air — Sample test report (Once the solid particle content in accordance with [SO 8573-4 has been established, a tabulated test report (Gee Figure A.1) is used to identify those particles present as viable microbiological GFUs in a sample of air taken from the compressed air system under investigation. NOTE For information on agar media, see 8.3 [Value of actual, average measured value (see Annex ) for cFUIm® ven at eference conditions Bacteria 100 Yeast - %@ Fungi = Noinaicaton Endorobaceia 50 Pressure to which the measurement rofers MPA = bar [Statement regarding the applicable uncertainty (see Clause 7) Date of calibration record : ‘oyna Temperate 20°C, Pressure 0,1 MPa (1 ban. Relative humisty doesnot aet volume inthis apaton Figure A.1 — Sample test report 4 (2180 2003 — All oh reservesAnnex B (normative) Quantitative sampling method B.1 Sampling with slit-sampler (see Figure 1) B11 Principle ‘The principle of capturing micro-organisms with a sit-sampler (impaction ar tester) is both simple and reliable. ‘Air from a compressed air instalation is channelled through a specially designed connecting link and accelerated through a narrow sit towards a moist agar surface. The micro-organisms, due to their weight, are flung into the agar surface, whereas the air molecules are deflected. Suitably incubated, they multiply into ‘colonies, which are counted on the assumption that one micro-organisr gives rise to one colony. The sli-sampler can be used for bacteria, yeast or fungi and, with special methods, for viruses and bacteriophages. As a large agar surface (e.g. 140 mm Petri dish) rotates under a radially postioned slit (0,5 mm), a large number of colonies, i.e. organisms, can be counted B.1.2 Aseptic techniques The sampling methodology is covered by the adoption of aseptic techniques. The use of a disinfecting agent such as 70% ethanol is recommended. In periods when the slit-sampler is not in use (stored) precautions shall be taken to avold the growth of micro-organisms in the equipment. All operations in which the test equipments to be opened should be carried out with the minimum of delay in order to avoid possible ingress cf contaminants from the local environment. Precautions should also be taken against the effects of draughts. B.2 Sampling procedure ‘The following procedure shall be used for sampling, 2) Storiize all sampling equipment by disinfecting the equipment, including tubes and hoses, with a suitable cleaning agent immediately before use. b) Allow a test sample to pass through the sampling equipment and associated tubes and hoses without the Peli dish and agar. This is done to allow evaporation of the disinfecting agent and to adjust the siitsampler, ©) Perform a blind test before, and after, the actual measurement by carrying out steps d) to f) without starting the slt-sampler. The dishes used shall not subsequently show growth. ) Take a 14.cm Petri dish with agar. The Petri dish shall have a label fixed to the bottom with traceability Information (date, time of start, test site address, code, etc). Indicate the starting position and the direction of rotation. ©) Ensure that the air inlet and level indicator of the sl-sampler are turned up. Lift the lid ofthe slit'sampler and ensure that the plate holder is placed correctly in relation to the micro-switch, Wipe the internal sides ofthe sitssampler with a disinfecting pad 1) Insert the Petri dish in the slit-sampler, which should be exposed so that the radial line is situated directly under the air inlet sit, Remove the lid and store itn a sterile plastic bag, 1180 2009 — Al gn reservesISO 8573-7:2003(E) 9) Quickly replace the lid of the sl-sampler immediately after removing the Petti dish id hh) Loosen the level indicator and lower it carefully onto the surface of the agar. Lower the air inlet so the indicator arrow points directly at the Inferior edge of the groove track. Raise the level indicator again to its Upper position and fasten it i) Start the automatic sampling by pressing the start button. Make a note of the starting time, sampling time, test premises and other conditions or observations that could influence the measurements, |) When the pilot amp is switched off, the sampling is nished. With the startstop button in the off-position, raise the air inlet k) Loosen the lid of the slitsampler and carefully lift it, at the same time removing the lid of the Petri dish {rom the sterile plastic bag and replacing it on the Petri dish. Due care and attention shall be observed in this process so as not to disturb the agar and sample. 1) Remove the Petri dish from the sampling equipment and replace the lid of the sli-sampler. Seal the Petr dish with tape and replace it in the sterile bag, then seal the bag with tape, m) Petri dishes are incubated at a convenient temperature and read after a suitable time. See 8.3. At the contre and outer edge, the agar surface shall be free from colonies, NOTE The stanend ne coulé contain “ota coonies 1) Move the activation arm ofthe dish holder past the micre-switch to @ new start postion ©} Wipe the inside ofthe slt-sampler with a disinfecting pad. Replace the lit on te sit-sampler p) Restart this procedure from the beginning when performing 2 new sampling Using the same means of transport, “geographically” trace a Pettl dish the entre distance from the manufacturer who filed the Petri dishes with agar, to the place of sampling and the laboratory, in order that it can be inspected for unintended after-contamination. The dish shall not subsequently show grow. B.3 Incubation of viable organism contaminant In general, the most appropriate temperature during incubation is that near to the habitat in which the micro- organisms were present before sampling. Mesophyilic bacteria or fungi should be cultivated at temperatures from 20°C to 30 *C. For specific thermo-tolerant bacteria other temperatures may be requested. Incubation periods of up to fourteen days are normal for fungi, while those for mesophylic bacteria normally vary from ‘wo to fourteen days. Other Incubation temperatures may be considered. Selective media (agars) may be used for isolation of, for example, gram-negative enterobacteria; the counting shall take place within a given time period (e.g. 24 h). B.4 Measurement of CFUs Non-selective media may be examined and the growth counted as early as 24h after the beginning of incubation and then recounted every 24 h for ten to fourteen days. Regular observations shall be made during the incubation period to count and record colonies as they emerge and to prevent loss of counting accuracy by overgrowth of colonies. 6 (©180 2009 — Aight reservesAnnex C (informative) Sampling endotoxins C.14 General ‘The sampling of endotoxins in compressed air is a dificult process requiting the use of virgin plastic tubes and glass bottles as well as personnel experienced in the required techniques. However, its possible to identify ‘the presence of endotoxins in compressed air by measuring the quantity of gram-negative enterobacteria organisms in compressed air condensate. Nevertheless, a supplementary measurement of the content of bacteria, fungi or yeast in the condensate should be carried out €.2 Sampling procedure WARNING — Just a few nanograms of endotoxins (waste-products from gram-negative bacteria) in the compressed alr could cause iliness. ‘The following procedure shall be used for measuring gram-negative enterobacteria in condensate. Sterile work practices shall be adopted at all times. A dip-stck with a sultable agar medium shall be used. The test- point shall be a convenient point in the compressed air system under investigation where condensate can be collected. 2) Disinfect the test point with 70 % ethano! immediately before sampling. b) Remove the vial lid with the attached slide coated with the agar media, ©) Take a sample of condensate from the test-point directly into the sterile via 4d) Dip the lid with the attached slide in the sample for a period of 10 s. It's important that both agar-surfaces ‘come into intimate contact with the specimen, 2) Slowly withdraw the slide from the sample during approximately 3s. 1) Drain off the vel 9) After inoculation, carefully replace the slide in the vial. At this stage the vial with its slide can be stored or transported for hours without affecting the result. Never allow the vial containing the sample slide to freeze. hh) Incubate the slides at + 27 °C for up to fourteen days. If the organisms grow very slowly, the incubation period can be extended to up to a month. |) After incubation, very carefully remove the slide from the vial. Examine growth and colour-reactions according to the manufacturer's instructions The acceptable level for bacteria, yeast and fungi Is 10000 CFUMml condensate. If one gram-negative bacterium is found in the condensate, then endotoxins are present in the compressed air, and the wet part of the installation shall be cleaned and disinfected. 15180 2003 — Al eights eserves1S 8573-7:2003(E) Annex D (informative) Preparation of Petri dish with culturable media The following procedure is valid for both cutturable media, plate count agar and Saboroud with 4 % dextrose. 2) Weigh out the culturable media in the quantity specified by the manufacturer and dissolve it in water. b) Autoclave the culturable media at 121 °C for 15 min ©) After cooling to about + 60 °C, measure the pH and, if necessary, adjust it to the stated pH using either hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide. 4) Using ster, 14 em plastic Pet dishes, pour 65 ml of the culturable media ito each dish ) When the cuturable media is coo! and sti, pack each Petri dish in two ster plastic bags: 41) close the fist bag with a simple double fld-over seal; 2), seal the second bag positively with 2 welded edge ) Label the dish with information about date, content and batch number. 8 12180 2003 — Al ighis reserved180 8573-7:2003(E) Bibliography [1] 180.4839:2003, Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs — Horizontal method for the enumeration (of microorganisms — Colony-count technique at 30 °C [2] 180.7218, Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs — General ules for microbiological examinations [3] 1807954, Microbiotogy — General guidance for enumeration of yeasts and moulds — Colony counting technique at 25 (6180 2003 — A hts reserved 9les 71.10.20 Pca bated on9 pages (2180 2003 — Al nots reserved