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AISHIYA
MODERATOR: DR. VARSHA .A
SINGH
ii
INTRODUCTION
A INTENSE PROBLEM
VIRUS CLASSIFICATION
GROUP
ORDER
FAMILY
SUBFAMILY
SPECIES
BALTIMORE
1971
David Baltimore , Nobel Prize
CLASSIFICATION
Seven groups
Depending on a combination of
nucleic acid(DNAorRNA),
strandedness (single or double)
Sense (+/-)
method ofreplication.
Groups designated by Roman numerals.
GENUS
Human Corona viruses were first classifies in mid 1960s
ALPHA CoV
DELTA
GAMMA CoV
CoV
Human coronavirus NL63
BETA CoV
MERS-COV
Group:Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Order:Nidovirales
Family:Coronaviridae
Subfamily:Coronavirinae
Genus:Betacoronavirus
Species:MERS-CoV
MERS CoV was named by the corona virus study
group of the international committee on
STRUCTURE OF MERSCOV
MERS-COV STRUCTURE
PROTEIN
NON-STRUCTURAL
STRUCTURAL
LIPID
MEMBRANE(
M)
SPIKE(S)
SMALL
ENVELOPE(E)
(+)SSRN
A
Intracelullar budding
Attachement to
host
Ion
channel
MERS-CoV particles as
seen negative stain
electron microscopy .
Virions contains
characteristic club-like
projections emanating
from the viral
RESISTANCE OF MERSCOV
HEAT
DRY
HEAT
48 hours at
20 C
HUMIDI
TY
MOIST
HEAT
Unpasteurised
camel milk
40% relative
humidity
SENSITIVITY
HEAT
RADIATIO
NS
UV Light
DRY
HEAT
Higher
temperatur
MOIST
HEAT
Pasteurised
camel milk
CHEMICA
LS
Lipid
solvents
Nonionising
detergents
Oxidising
agents
HUMIDI
TY
Higher level of
humidity
PATHOGENESI
S
S protein, HE protein
Receptors ( DPP4 )
Virus enters the host cell
RNA Polymerase
(-)ssRna which acts as template
Small sub-genomic positive RNAs which are used to synthezise all other proteins
Within ER , virions particles ( Protein N , protein M , RNA) are assembled and
encased with its membrane
Transported by Golgi vesicle to the cell membrane.
Exocytosed into the extracellular space
DPP4(Dipeptid
yl peptidase4)
Liver
Colon
Kidney
Testis
Lymph
node
Cerebral
cortex
Salivary
gland
TRANSMISSION
Zoonotic disease
Origin - Bats
Major reservoir - Camels
BATS
CAMELS
BABOONS
HUMANS
PALM TREE
PATHOGENESIS
Route of entry
Mainly Respiratory route.
Incubation period
Generally less than one week
But can be as long as 14 days
(214 days).
PATHOGENESIS
PATHOGENESIS
Dissemination
IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS
Severe inflammation
& tissue damage
Immune cell
sequestration
Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath
Severe pneumonia presenting
as ARDS
Septic shock
Multi organ failure
Gastro intestinal symptoms like diarrhoea
Coinfections with bacteria and with other
respiratory viruses including
para influenza, rhinovirus, influenza A & B,
pneumococcus , and ventilatorassociated
pneumonia
LABORATORY
DIAGNOSIS
SAMPLES TO BE
Sputum COLLECTED
Endotracheal aspirate
Bronchoalveolar lavage
Nasopharyngeal aspirate or combined
nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab
Body fluids such as blood, urine and stool
LABORATORY TESTING
MOLECULAR
TESTING
SEROLOGICAL
TESTING
PCR
Screening
test
ELISA
confirmat
ory test
IFA
Neutralizing
membrane
TREATMENT
Symptomatic treatment
severe cases- support vital organ
functions.
Currently- no vaccine
U.S. National Institutes of Health
-developing vaccine.