Name

Date Due: _______

Digestive, Excretory and Respiratory Systems

Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line
provided.
_____ 1. Which of the following is the correct order from simplest to most complex for
the levels of organization in the human body?
a. organ systems, tissues, organs, cells
b. cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
c. organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
d. cells, organs, organ systems, tissues
_____ 2. The brain, lungs, testes, and small intestine are each examples of
a. a nerve.
c. a tissue.
b. an organ.
d. an organ system.
_____ 3. Read the following statements. In maintaining homeostasis, what is the correct
order in which they occur?
1) The liver removes glucose from the blood.
2) The body absorbs food molecules after eating.
3) As the body uses glucose for energy, the liver releases stored glucose into
the blood.
4) The levels of glucose in the blood rise.
a. 3, 4, 1, 2
c. 2, 4, 1, 3
b. 4, 1, 3, 2
d. 1, 2, 3, 4
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4. When a doctor suggests following a diet low in saturated fats, which of these
products is preferred when cooking?
a. oils with single bonds between their carbon atoms
b. oils with double bonds between their carbon atoms
c. animal fats, which are solid at room temperature
d. butter, which is solid at room temperature
_____ 5. The stomach breaks down food into a soft, partially digested mixture called
a. pepsin.
c. amylase.
b. chyme.
d. bile.
_____ 6. What enzyme found in saliva breaks chemical bonds in starches forming sugars?
a. amylase
c. pepsin
b. chyme
d. hydrochloric acid
_____ 7. After complex organic molecules have been absorbed in the small intestine,
what materials are left behind?
a. protein and carbohydrates
c. fats and starches
b. water and cellulose
d. chyme and bolus

_____ 8. Which structure in Figure 301 removes excess water,

urea, and metabolic waste from the blood?
a. kidney
c. urinary bladder
b. renal vein
d. ureter
_____ 9. What role does skin play in the excretory system?
a. secretes excess water as sweat
c. absorbs
water through osmosis
b. protects against pathogens
d. facilitates
gas exchange
_____ 10. The activity of the kidneys is controlled by hormones
and by the
a. volume of nutrients. c. composition of the blood.
b. volume of filtrate.
d. composition of the urine.
_____ 11. Which structure in the kidneys nephrons is mainly responsible for the filtration
of the blood?
a. collecting duct
c. glomerulus
b. loop of Henle
d. Bowmans capsule
_____ 12. What could happen if the epiglottis fails to close correctly over the trachea
when a person swallows?
a. The person may experience heartburn.
b. The person may choke.
c. The person will experience a heart attack.
d. The person will get swollen lymph nodes.
_____ 13. After carbon dioxide diffuses from body tissues to capillaries, how is it
transported in the blood?
a. It enters red blood cells and forms carbonic acid.
b. It dissolves in the blood plasma.
c. It binds to hemoglobin and proteins in plasma.
d. all of the above
_____ 14. How does movement of the rib cage change air pressure in the chest cavity?
a. When the rib cage raises, an increase in air pressure in the chest cavity
causes air to rush into the lungs.
b. When the rib cage relaxes, an increase in air pressure in the chest cavity
causes air to rush into the lungs.
c. When the rib cage raises, a decrease in air pressure in the chest cavity causes
air to rush into the lungs.
d. When the rib cage relaxes, a decrease in air pressure in the chest cavity
causes air to rush out of the lungs.
_____ 15. Chronic bronchitis is caused by
a. the bronchi becoming inflamed and clogged with mucus.
b. the loss of elasticity and the eventual breakdown of lung tissue.
c. infected lung cells spreading deadly chemicals to other parts of the body.
d. all of the above

_____ 16. How does tobacco smoke affect the body?

a. It blocks hemoglobin from binding to oxygen, thus affecting gas exchange in
the lungs.
b. It paralyzes cilia in the trachea allowing inhaled particles to enter the lungs.
c. It causes an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.
d. all of the above
_____ 17. What structure serves as a passageway for both air and food?
a. pharynx
c. larynx
b. trachea
d. bronchus
_____ 18. Because there is more oxygen in an alveolus than in the blood around it,
oxygen diffuses
a. from capillaries into the veins.
b. from arteries into the capillaries.
c. from alveoli into capillaries.
d. from veins into the alveolus.
_____ 19. After carbon dioxide diffuses from body tissues to capillaries, how is it
transported in the blood?
a. It enters red blood cells and forms carbonic acid.
b. It dissolves in the blood plasma.
c. It binds to hemoglobin and proteins in plasma.
d. all of the above
_____ 20. When you take a deep breath before diving underwater air is forced into your
lungs by the contraction of your
a. alveoli.
c. diaphragm.
b. lungs.
d. heart.
_____ 21. What gas, found in cigarette smoke, blocks the transport of oxygen by
hemoglobin in the blood?
a. nitrous oxide
b. carbon dioxide
c. carbon monoxide
d. methane
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the underlined word or
phrase to make the statement true.
_____ 22. Proteins are polymers of amino acids.
_____ 23. Peristalsis causes food to travel through the small intestines into the stomach.
_____ 24. When you are dehydrated, the pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone
(ADH), which causes the kidneys to reabsorb less water.

Completion
Complete each statement on the line provided.
25. The pancreas produces
, a base that neutralizes stomach acid so that the
enzymes can be effective.
Short Answer
In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
26. If a persons liver is damaged by alcohol use, how might this affect the persons
digestive process?
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Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.

Figure 302
27. Apply Concepts Figure 302 shows a small intestine and two magnified pictures of
its structure. What is the function of the small intestine?
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28. Interpret Visuals In Figure 302, what structures are labeled A?
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29. Interpret Visuals In Figure 302, what structures are labeled B?
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29. Apply Concepts How do the structures labeled A and B in Figure 302 make the
small intestine specially adapted for absorption of nutrients?

33. Label the seven organs shown in Figure 303. Then construct
a table in which you describe how each functions in the
excretory system.

Using Science Skills

Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.
34. Interpret Visuals When you take a deep breath, into which structure(s) in Figure
331 does air move after leaving the trachea? Into what organ does the structure
lead?

35. Apply Concepts When you blow out candles on a birthday

cake, which muscular structure in Figure 331 relaxes?

Figure 331

36. Interpret Visuals Identify structure E in Figure 33-1. Why do you think it is also
called a windpipe?

37. Apply Concepts List in order the structures of the respiratory system through which
air passes from the outside environment to the site of gas exchange.

Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.

Figure 303
38. Interpret Graphs Figure 303 shows the secretions of the pancreas in response to
three different substances in chyme. Each pair of bars represents the response of the
pancreas to a different variable. What are the three variables?
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39. Interpret Graphs In Figure 303, what is the specific variable that is being
measured?
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40. Draw Conclusions In response to which variable do digestive enzymes make up the
highest percentage of secretions in Figure 303? What is the percentage?
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41. Draw Conclusions In response to which variable does bicarbonate make up the
highest percentage of secretions in Figure 303? What is the percentage?
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42. Rattlesnake venom breaks down the walls of the glomerulus. Why does a rattlesnake
bite cause blood to appear in the urine?
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