Formulation of Drilling Fluid

Base Fluid
Additives

Base Fluid

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Fresh water
Sea water
Saline water
Synthetic Oil
Base Oil
Edible Oil
Air

Additives
1. Alkalinity Control Agents, pH control
2. Borehole, Shale Stabilizers
3. Corrosion Control
1.
4. Degreasers, Wetting Agents
2.
5. Emulsifiers
3.
6. Filtrate Control Agents
4.
7. Lost Circulation Materials
5.
8. Lubricants
6.
9. Non-Emulsifiers
7.
10.ROP Enhancers
11.Spotting Fluids
12.Sweeping Agents
13.Thinners, Deflocculants
14.Viscosifiers, Suspending Agents
15.Weighting Agents

Bactericides
Calcium removers
Defoamers
Foaming agents
Pipe-freeing agents
Surface active agents
Flocculants

Given data:
Mud Volume 60 m3
Mud density 1.3 kg/l

How much weighting agent as barite of density

4.3 kg/l is added to make mud density 1.4 kg/l ?

Solution:
Mud Volume 60 m3
Mud density 1.3 kg/l

CF
1 m3=1000 Lit

Make mud density 1.4 kg/l by adding weighting

agent as barite of density 4.3 kg/l.
Let barite volume is V lit
Old mud volume=60 m3=60000 l
Old mud weight=60000x1.3 kg
Barite weight=Vx4.3 kg
Total new mud volume=(60000+V) l
Total new mud weight=(60000+V)x1.4 kg
Total new mud weight=Old mud weight + barite weight
(60000+V)x1.4=60000x1.3+Vx4.3

(60000+V)x1.4=60000x1.3+Vx4.3
V=(1.4-1.3)x60000/(4.3-1.4)=2069 lit
Barite weight=2069x4.3=8896.6 kg=8.9 ton

Base Fluids

The aniline point of an oil is defined as the

minimum temperature at which equal volumes
of aniline (C 6H 5NH 2) and the oil are miscible.

Alkalinity Control Agents and PH control Agents

Control of the pH of various drilling muds is easy with
alkalinity control agents . Agents help control the pH in
water-based, oil-based, and synthetic-based muds using
soda ash, lime, potassium hydroxide, Ph-6, caustic soda,
or bicarbonate of soda.

Borehole Stabilizers and Shale Stabilizers

Drilling practices and the physical & chemical
properties of drilling fluids can either enhance or
erode borehole stability.
Borehole stabilizers serve as "preventive
medicines" that help operators avoid the difficult
and expensive tasks associated with remediating
an unstable formation.

Corrosion Control
Prevent costly corrosion damages
Preventative treatment can help avoid the expense of
corrosion-induced failures of drillstrings or casings.
Corrosion-control treatments that mitigate the
corrosive qualities of drilling and completion fluids
and other factors affecting the downhole
environment.

Product for a variety of corrosion types and

applications
Whether you encounter corrosion due to
hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, or carbon dioxide.
The scavengers are engineered to tackle all types
of corrosion. Baroid offers solutions that can be
used directly in the fluid system without adversely
affecting drilling fluids. Corrosion control
product line also offers products for use in waterbased, oil-based, or aerated drilling fluids.

Effective products that lower your costs

Baroids corrosion control solutions reduce corrosion
rates and help lower rig equipment, drill pipe
maintenance and replacement costs. We offer
corrosion control additives that are safe and easy to
use.

Degreasers and Wetting Agents

Degreasers and wetting agents clean

everything from casings to surface
equipment while meeting environmental
standards.
Degreasers penetrate oily film allowing it to
be washed away, while wetting agents
effectively displace diesel, mineral oil, and
synthetic-based drilling fluids.

Emulsifiers
Emulsifiers that effectively promote
stability by reducing the interfacial
tension between water and oil. Emulsion
fluids are offered in two varieties: either
oil-in-water, categorized as direct or
water-based; or water-in-oil, known as
invert emulsion.

Filtrate Control Agents

Polymer and non-polymer fluids that serve
as filtrate control agents to manage
filtration rates and reduce filter cake
permeability. These effective agents control
the four basic mechanisms that affect
filtration, including bridging, bonding,
deflocculation, and viscosity.

Exercise

Given Data
Mud Volume 90 m3
Density 1.3 kg/l
Saline water density 1.1 kg/l
Case: Filtrate out 5000 l
What is mud density after filtration?
If we add FCA 11.4 kg/m3, density 1.03 kg/l
What is mud density after add FCA?

Lost Circulation Materials

Drilling fluid is lost

in fracture, vug etc.

Lubricants
Friction can be controlled with liquid lubricants
that reduce the coefficient of friction between
pipe and wellbore.
Lubricants include polymers that effectively
adhere to pipe surfaces and lessen adhesion
between pipe and mud solids.

Non-Emulsifiers
Maximum wellbore productivity
Non-emulsifiers work vigorously to prevent negative
emulsions from occurring downhole and clogging the
wellbore.
By preventing these negative reactions, you are left
with maximum wellbore productivity, and enhanced
wellbore production after cleanup.

Customized solutions using optimized technology

Baroid uses state of the art technologies to develop
optimized products that will maximize your production.
Our fluids are easily dispersed and compatible with a
wide variety of brines, so no matter what your situation
is, our engineers will customize a solution that works for
you.
Wellbore cleanup and displacement
As a crucial step in the completion process, we
understand the importance of wellbore cleanup. Baroids
non-emulsifiers help clean out drilling fluids that could
potentially damage the reservoir, helping to enhance the
productivity of the well.

ROP Enhancers

Rate of penetration (ROP) is a key metric of

drilling performance. ROP enhancers that
minimize friction and reduce bit bailing, clay
sticking and other downhole aggravations that
can quickly turn a good ROP into a potential
problem.

Spotting Fluids
Operators know they are working against time when
differential sticking stops their drill pipe. By applying
spotting fluids within six hours of an occurrence, the
drill team stands a fighting chance of seeing the fluids
penetrate the filter cake to break it up - thereby freeing
the pipe.

Sweeping Agents
Halliburton offers two viscosities of sweeping agents to
help operators effectively remove cuttings from the
wellbore. Turbulence associated with low viscosity
sweeps stirs the cuttings bed, and high viscosity fluids
"sweep" the solids to the surface.

Thinners, Deflocculants

Thinners and deflocculants that help maintain

rheological
properties
amid
hostile
environments.
Thinning agents help reduce viscosity or
prevent flocculation, and deflocculants are
typically low-molecular weight anionic
polymers that neutralize
positive charges.

Viscosifiers, Suspending Agents

Operators can adjust the properties of their fluids

systems by employing viscosifiers
and suspending agents.
These products let drilling teams respond to
downhole conditions by altering rheological
properties of their drilling fluids or enhancing the
lowshear viscosities being employed.

Weighting Agents
Weighting agents let operators alter slurry density to
restrain high formation pressures and improve mud
displacement. Weighting agents also play important
roles in preventing strength retrogression, decreasing
cement-system permeability and helping to control
settling and gelation.

Bactericides
It controls the growth of bacteria

Defoamers

It removes the foam

Foaming agents

It creates foam

Pipe-freeing agents

Surface active agents

Flocculants

It creates flocks

Scale Inhibitor