How far did the Pre-Reformation Church meet the needs of the people?
Argument: That the Church, weakened by 14th C and conciliarism, failed to
adapt to the changes of the 15th C. (Growing bureaucratisation). In response to this, one can see elements of the Reformation emerge. 1) The changes caused by the vernacular/printing revolution. The growth of national divisions within Church (Cameron and Swanson). Lack of success for movements who couldn't benefit from printing (MacCulloch) 2) The increase in individualism and rival doctrines. (Swanson) Anticlericalism (Cameron). Humanism, esp. Erasmus (Cameron). Mysticism and rejection of Church and Social norms (Rubin). Lollardy and Hussitism and need for historical support (MacCulloch). 3) Church historical problems -- conciliarism and legacy of 14th C. (Swanson and Gordon). Overextension of responsibilities (Cameron) 4) The practices of the Church. The importance of perception of Church over reality. (Swanson). (Because they interacted with impoverished Church Peasantry and observed rich Church Elites [Cameron]). The links between Church and state and the other conflicts of interest (Cameron). The increase of bureaucracy and how it limited credibility (Cameron).