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Cassandra Black
Professor Lisa Cook
ENG 1201.515
March 6, 2016
Annotated Bibliography
"Alcohol Use by Underage Youth Is Detrimental." Alcohol Use by Persons under the Legal
Drinking Age of 21. National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), 2003. Rpt. in Should the Legal
Drinking Age Be Lowered? Ed. Stefan Kiesbye. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2008. At
Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 6 Mar. 2016.
Author is unknown. The article is called Alcohol use by Underage youth is Detrimental. This
source appeared online in the Sinclair library viewpoints. It appeared in 2003. This article says
that youth consuming alcohol can cause physical and social problems. The article talks about
how exactly it affects kids and even young adults. It discusses how the number of fatal car
crashes and other activities that have to do with underage drinking have gone down with raising
the drinking age. It states that people ages 16-20 are the biggest culprits of underage drinking.
The purpose of the author writing this article was to make people more aware of what happens
when you drink underage. They also throw in the statistics of accidents and people that have
social and physical issues due to underage drinking. The audience for this would be teens and
young adults. This piece was written in a way that teens and up should be able to understand. Is
was written about twenty years after the legal drinking age change but the question of why it was
changed is always a question that is asked. I know the source is reliable because I have multiple
other sources that state the same thing just different wording as this source does. I will use this
information to prove why the government felt the need to raise the drinking age and I will be
able to support it with the multiple statistics this article gives.

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Balko, Radley. "Efforts to Lower the Drinking Age Have Both Supporters and Detractors."
Should the Legal Drinking Age Be Lowered? Ed. Stefan Kiesbye. Detroit: Greenhaven
Press, 2013. At Issue. Rpt. from "Back to 18?: A New Chorus of Critics Say It's Time to
Lower the Drinking Age."Reason.com (12 Apr. 2007). Opposing Viewpoints in Context.
Web. 6 Mar. 2016.
The author of the article is Radley Balko. The article is called Efforts to Lower the Drinking age
have both Supporters and Detractors. It appeared online in the Sinclair library opposing
viewpoints. It appeared in 2013. The main point of this article is to get across both sides of the
argument of the change of the drinking age and whether it is right or wrong. The article also talks
about how the youth drinking effects their growth. They also say what if the youth is still
drinking underage but just got smart enough to stay off the roads have they have drank. The
purpose of this article was to show the pros and cons of raising the drinking age. There are many
people that do not think there is anything wrong with raising the drinking age but some parents
do not want their kids to turn 21 and not know what alcohol will taste like. Parents are getting
scolded for wanting their children to know what it taste like and not wanting them to go out
drinking having no idea what to do or where to start. This audience I would say is for older
adults. This was written in a way that many can understand and pick apart. It was written in 2013
nut has facts from years before to 2013. None of this would affect the source in anyway. The
writer is Radley Balko. The author is credible because I researched him and he is a journalist,
author, blogger and speaker. He has been for many years. He cites his paper from where he got
his information from. This article is not the only one that has this information. One of the ones I
had in my working bibliography had similar information. I will use this information to support
my argument on both sides. I will be able to let people know the pros and cons of underage
drinking. It will help answer my questions and even questions that other readers have too.

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"Choose Responsibility." Legal Age 21. Web. 06 Mar. 2016.

Author is unknown. It is a campaign. The article title is Choose Responsibility. It appeared
online. It is always being updated day by day. The main point of the article is to give facts about
underage drinking and that if you are going to drink be responsible. The article basically just
states facts of why the drinking age was changed and what affects it has had on the US. The
purpose of this article was to tell people why the drinking age was changed and to try and get
them to realize which side they feel they are on. The audience is people who are not sure of the
reason the drinking age was changed and are not sure where they stand. This was simply written
and easy to understand. The writer is unknown. I know it is credible because it is an
organization. An organization is not allowed to lie about anything they say or do. I will use this
information to support my research in understanding why the drinking age was raised and how
raising it has helps anything.
"Fact Sheets - Age 21 Minimum Legal Drinking Age." Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014. Web. 06 Mar. 2016.
The author is unknown. The source is Fact Sheets - Age 21 Minimum Legal Drinking Age. It
appeared online on a medical cite. It appeared in 2014. The main point of this article to show
people the effects underage drinking can have on the body. The article talks about how alcohol
effects our bodies and can cause stunts in growth and social behaviors. The purpose of the article
is to just make people aware of these issues that could happen. The audience is teens and young
adults. Where and when this was written would have no effect on this source since the drinking
occurred many years ago. I know this source is reliable because it is a government source. I will
be able to use this source to state facts that are given from the government.

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Hamilton, Wendy J. "Age-Twenty-One Drinking Laws Protect Youth." Alcohol. Ed. Andrea C.
Nakaya. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2008. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from "Press
Conference Remarks."20th Anniversary of the 21 Minimum Drinking Age Law. 2004.
Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 6 Mar. 2016.
The author is Wendy J. Hamilton. The source is Age-Twenty-One Drinking Laws Protect
Youth. It appeared on line in the Sinclair Library opposing viewpoints. It appeared in 2008. The
main point of the article is to tell you how kids that drink underage are still protected with laws.
It talks about how Regan has proven it to be a success. The purpose is to prove that the drinking
law helped lower the numbers of fatalities to drunk driving in teens. The audience it anyone that
would want to read this article. The writer is Wendy J. Hamilton. The author was the national
president of Mother against Drunk Driving. She has studied drunk driving cases for many years.
This source is reliable because she has been a part of cases of drunk driving for years. I will use
this information in order help people understand the affects they have on other people when they
drink underage.
"Should the Drinking Age be Lowered?" The Learning Network Should the Drinking Age Be
Lowered Comments. Web. 06 Mar. 2016.
The author is unknown. It appeared online. The main point of the article is to educate people of
the issues with underage drinking age and if it should be lowered or not. It discusses the pros and
cons of lowering the drinking age. The purpose of this article is to educate people and to get the
word the word out about why lowering the drinking age would not be so bad. It also talks about
drunk driving and how if adults get DUIs than why are teens the ones that are punished. The
audience is anyone and everyone. In the 80s and 90s this source would have been bashed on
because it is fighting the law. But now in the 2000s it is not really that frowned upon since many

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feel it should be lowered. I can use this article to help explain to people why the drinking age
should be lowered and that teens are not the problem.
Toomey, Traci L., Alexander C. Wagenaar, and Carolyn Rosenfeld. "Raising the Drinking Age to
21 Has Reduced Alcohol-Related Injuries and Death Among Youth." Teens and Alcohol.
Ed. James D. Torr. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2002. Current Controversies. Rpt. from
"The Minimum Legal Drinking Age: History, Effectiveness, and Ongoing Debate."
Alcohol Health and Research World20.4 (1996). Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web.
6 Mar. 2016.
The authors are Traci L. Toomey, Alexander C. Wagenaar. And Carolyn Rosenfeld. The article is
"Raising the Drinking Age to 21 Has Reduced Alcohol-Related Injuries and Death among
Youth." It appeared online in the Sinclair Library in 2002. The main point of this article is to help
people understand the reason the drinking age was raised. The article talks about statistics and
studies that prove that the drinking age being raised was for the best. The audience is anyone.
These authors are credible because they are all experts in their field of work. They have all had
years of research over this subject. I can use this source because these are three different authors
putting their facts and research into this paper and it will be really helpful to have this useful of a
source.