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themeasureof
thehotnessorthecoldness
ofabody

Temperatureismeasuredin...
Kelvin

SIunit

and

Celsius

Practical
unit

Symbols

Kelvin

Celsius

t or q

T/K
t/C

Relationship KelvinandCelsius

t/C= T/K 273.15

Thermometersmeasuretemperature.
ThermometricProperty

Aphysicalproperty

thatchangesmeasurably

withtemperature

ThermometricPropertyExamples

Lengthofaliquidcolumn
e.m.f.ofathermocouple
pressureofagasatconstantvolume
volumeofagasatconstantpressure
resistance
colour

ThermometricPropertyExamples
Lengthofaliquidcolumn
Mercuryinglassthermometer

8
Alcoholinglassthermometer
+7
C

1
1
C

7
5
3

+
Laboratorythermometer

9
3
Clinicalthermometer
(Barometer) /Thermometer

ThermometricPropertyExamples
e.m.f.ofathermocouple

Infrared
Carenginetemperature
(but)
200Cto1700C

ThermometricProperties
Volumeofagasatconstantpressure

Volumeincreases
measurably
withtemperature

10

ThermometricPropertyExamples
Pressureofagasatconstantvolume
Pressureincreases
measurably
withtemperature

e
m
u
l
o
V

t
n
a
t
s
Co n
r
e
t
e
m
o
m
r
e
h
T

Gas

11

ThermometricPropertyExamples
Resistance

Metal(Platinum)
Thermistor(Semiconductor)

12

UsingAThermometricProperty
ToMeasureTemperature

Inpure
melting
ice

Insteam
above
boilingwater

Mark...

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UsingAThermometricProperty
ToMeasureTemperature

Warmwatertemp.=??
Measure L
Calculate q fromgraph
Length

L
LSTEAM
LICE
0C

100C

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UsingAThermometricProperty
ToMeasureTemperature

Warmwatertemp.=??
Measure R
Calculate q fromgraph
Resistance

RICE

RSTEAM
0C

100C

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Temperatureofthewarmwater=
55.3
55.7C

usingtheMercurythermometer
usingtheResistancethermometer
Thedifferentthermometricproperties
varydifferentlywithtemperature.

Allagreeat

0Cand100C

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Astandardthermometerisneeded.
Inschoollab.
amercuryinglassthermometer
Calibrateotherthermometersusingthis.

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ClinicalThermometer

FeverStrip..
Liquid Crystals

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InfraRedRadiation
Thermometer
Providesaccurateandrapid
temperaturereadingsfromtheear
withinthreeseconds.
Measuresthetemperatureofthe
infraredheatgivenbytheeardrum
andsurroundingtissues

19

Thermocouple
DataStudio

20

BimetallicThermometers
Oven

Refrigerator

Lab.

21

BoilerThermometer
Thincopperpipe
Santothermexpands
Pressureondiaphragm
Turnsneedle

22

Car TemperatureGauge
Thermistor (orThermocouple)
PlatinumResistanceThermometer
Thermocouples
ConstantVolumeGasThermometer(Standard)
OpticalPyrometers

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ToPlotTheCalibrationCurveOfAThermometerUsing
TheLaboratoryMercuryThermometerAsAStandard
APPARATUS
Alcoholthermometer(onmetrestick)
MercuryThermometer
Beaker&water,etc.

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ToPlotTheCalibrationCurveOfAThermometerUsing
TheLaboratoryMercuryThermometerAsAStandard
PROCEDURE
1.
2.
3.
4.

Heatgently
takereadingsevery10
Measure(2)
Lengthof..&Temperature
L =?
Temperaturefrommercurythermometer
Repeat,every10,tograph.

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ToPlotTheCalibrationCurveOfAThermometerUsing
TheLaboratoryMercuryThermometerAsAStandard
RESULTS

Length

Temperature
PRECAUTIONS
1.
2.

Heatgentlythermalequilibrium
Etc.

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CalibrationCurve MeasuringTemperatureWithIt

Length
L
L
Temperature

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AbsoluteZero
Freezer
Fridge/Icebox
WaterFreezes
Fridge Main
RoomTemp.
BodyTemp.
WaterBoils

273.15C
18C
4C
0C
+4C
+20C
+37.0C
+100C

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Alcoholfreezes
Alcoholboils
Mercuryfreezes
Mercuryboils
Chips
Horse
Bunsenflame
Filament
Sunssurface
Hbomb/Abomb

115C
+78C
39C
+357C
+200C
+38.3C
+1500C
+2500C
+6000C
Millions
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