Apple Ear Pods

General Overview

Its design is
designed as "the
geometry of the ear."
The speaker was
re-engineered with a
rigid and flexible
materials to
minimize sound loss
and maximize sound
output.
Acoustic vents also
placed differently.

Parts of Apple Ear Pods

Parts of Apple Ear Pods

Plastic

Copper Wire
The

Plastic is around the speakers which is mainly

made up of Hydrogen and Carbon.

copper
wire in the ear
pods contains
the elements
Silver, Copper,
and Nickel.

Parts of Apple Ear Pods

Paper Diaphram

The paper diaphram around the speakers is

also made up of carbon, nickel, but mostly
aluminum.

Bonding Type

The plastic surrounding the speakers will be a covalent bond

being there are two nonmetals (Hydrogen and Carbon)
present.

Bonding Type

In the copper wire and paper diaphragm

there will be an ionic bond because
nonmetals and metals are present (Silver,
Copper, Nickel, Aluminum).

Crystal Structure

BCC structure for Nickel

FCC structure for Aluminum

Type of Imperfections

Point defects: Substitutional atoms, vacancy atoms

Area defects (3-dimensional) Grain boundaries

Point of defects

Aluminum Iron Interstitial alloy.

Vacan
cy

Selfintersti
tial

Phase Diagram for Aluminum

Fabrication Process

Being that the ear pods are made of various metals, they go through a process
called metal fabrication and has numerous stages that occur.

A few of the phases are

Bending

Forging

Rolling

Sawing

Drilling

Shearing

Grinding

Laser Cutting

In the bending phase

the headphone is
bent by applying
force by hydraulic
and electrical

Forging is a
manufacturing process
that involves applying
compressive forces to a
work piece to deform it,
and create a desired
geometric change to the
material.

The large majority of all metal

products produced today are
subject to metal rolling at one
point in their manufacture. Metal
rolling is often the first step in
creating raw metal forms

A basic metal cutting process

that uses a blade with a series of
teeth on its edge to cut a narrow
opening in a work piece. Sawing
may be used to produce slots or
grooves or to separate the work
piece into two pieces.

Drilling is the most common machining

process whereby the operation involves
making round holes in metallic and
nonmetallic materials. Approximately
75% of all metal-cutting process is of
the drilling operation.

During the shearing stage the metal

Laser cutting involve focusing a beam of high energy

on the surface of the headphones. The beam
evaporates portions of the headband in a controlled
manner.

The use of an abrasive to wear

away at the surface of a work
piece and change its shape.
Grinding operations commonly
use abrasive grains bonded into a

Mixed Material Structure

The wire in Apple Ear Pods uses a ultra lightweight

aluminum alloy and metal hinge structure to ensure
the durability and reduce the vibration. The sound is
more pure. The first beam part of the frame structure
makes it resistant to bending tensile, reducing its
outside wrapped with a layer of plastic material.