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Disabilities
Jessica
Alexander
Communication Disorders
Speech Problems
Problem with speech articulation
Pronouncing sounds incorrectly
Voice
Speech is hoarse or too nasality
Excessive volume or too little volume
Lacks inflection
Fluency
Stutters
Excessively slow or uneven, jerky rate of speech
Communication Disorders
Language Problems
Receptive language
Understanding what people mean when they are speaking
This will make comprehension difficult
Problems understanding words with multiple meanings i.e. carry and
times
Expressive Language
Speaking in such a way others will understand
Unable to communicate properly
Incorrect grammar, limited use of vocabulary, frequent hesitations
Emotional Disturbance
Average intelligence
Problems learning because of external factors or internal behavioral
adjustment
Reading Skills
Decoding
Involving identifying words accurately and fluently
Accurately: mispronouncing words, substituting one word or
omitting words
Fluency: read words accurately but do not recognize them
Example: Dyslexia
Comprehension
Partially from decoding
They may not be able to adjust their reading rate
Spelling
Three types of words: Phonetic, linguistic rules, irregular
Students would have trouble with all three
Math Skills
Problems with spatial organization
Unable to align numbers in columns, reverse numbers
Procedural errors
Students miss a step in solving a problem
Motor Skills
Motor coordination and fine motor impairments
Independent Learning
Passive Learners
Dont believe in their abilities
Limited knowledge of problem-strategies
Interpersonal Skills
Difficult relations with peers
May lack knowledge because they do not learn from naturally
occurring models
Learned helplessness
Unable to see relationship between efforts and school or social
success
Can be seen as lack of motivation
Accommodations
Addressing academic needs
Bypassing a students need by allowing the student to employ
compensatory learning strategies,
Learning strategies
Accommodations in classroom management, grouping,
materials, and methods
Providing student with direct instruction on basic or
independent learning skills
Accommodations Continued
Addressing Social and Emotional Needs
Clear, consistent behavior management system
Engaging and meaningful academic tasks
Social Skills Training
If they do not how to interact with adults and peers
Self-control
Good in social situations but lack self-control
Accommodations Continued
Enhancing self-image
Set reasonable goals
Provide specific feedback contingent on student behavior
Positive but contingent n completing tasks