STATISTICSAND

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S e c o n dc d i t i o n

JohnC. Davis

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P. H. Koaaaon.

|804010000-289
35-90
043(0t)-90
ISBN0-471-0s079-9

ISBNs-247-02123-r

l!7J,^1986 by John Wiley

a n d S o r r s ,I r i c . A I I r i g h t i
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r { \ , 1 H O } K e c r Bi rop f i N , I b rrx, 1 0 _
)rier 06.rraAa'b pas,rrrrqHbrr{ilcBoricrBarrrri.
Koneunol.-rlllill, oo.r."
o1l

qeN{ TOr{Kll, TaK Kali ogu o6,raAarcr Anttgofi' oplleHTaUHeiI

cr,tolriFlbI,
. O O r s e r C l s e H H O I J X a H a . 1 1 H 36 O , n e e T p y A e H '
t r y e c r o n O 7 1 o ) l i e H l t e x , lC
npIIf OAHbIe A"If H3yqeH14f tt{HO}KeCTB
N{eTOAbl,
il CTaTIICTHI{eCIilie
qeM MeToAbI, IIpeAHa3HaqeHHbIe A,'Ifl r1ccJlepa3Bi,tTbI,
MeHee
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jloBilHlti cxeNl roqeri. tr4:yverirrro pacDpeAer'IeHllE A"rus ,tuHnft no'
pa6oru no .rlolHoa*nu,*uo ua.no pa6or. Hci<"roqenrie cocTaBJlarcr
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MeTOJ'.\'
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tgj . gnuuurerbllo
KOrr,pbrrl 6yaer paccNlorpeH B CJIeAyIoUeM rlaparpaQe'
CxeC.rlf'qaiijryrO CXeN{\. .rIHHIIii Mox(Ho onpeAcJIHTb I(al{ ral(}to
6ltrl
M),, n' iioropoii riair(Ioc noilo}KeHUe ,paBHoBepoflrso noxer
nep.,eceueilOnetioropOti ,'IUHlIeil Ij IIO6afi Opl'IeHTaIIHf Cel{,VUIer'tJIIIHtilr rarilKe paBHOBepOfiTHa. TaKae CJIyqaIiHbIe c-xeMbI I\'lo)liHO feilpoueA}'p
t . l r . p i l p o B a T b p a 3 . r I I i r I H b l M I lc n o c o 6 a l { u ; o A H a I I 3 r a l ( l l x
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c n o c o 6 c o ' J r o l l r B B b I 6 o p e n p o l ' l 3 B o , ' I b H o ] ' oy r ' r l a
npfl\roii. [pYroii
lla il,locKocTli, IpoBeAeIIrlil npoll3BoJlbiloro paAIIyca BHyTpII sTolo
\ ' i , q i ] ' i l D o B e I e H I ] I I H a n p o I , I 3 B o , { b H o Mp a c c ] c ' I H T I I { o T B e p u I . { I I b I y | . 1 a
llooropln
np:rrrori, ileptleH,4llli)',rnpHoir It BbI6paHllo\ly paAllyc\'.
qllcJIO
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l"lu tnto;rielt ofi pcr.c,{l't'b il,rcpr'r 'r6111oat"
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1":2tlA.

(5.32)

Be.rriquuaI/ - o6u1ar A.[i]HaJIrlHuilHa Kapre, IlMeulleii r,roura.1bA; 7,- nzrpauerp,r{oropblironpe4e.rirerOopN{yn}'accoHoBCOX(tlAaTb,nyaccoHoBcKafl

r'.ofo pacnpe.l.e.leililt; ;iiK I'l Cr'IeAOBa'1O
I e] l o r l l x i l a D a M e T p o Bc x e M b I , o 6 '
\ ! o . l e , r b o I I r i c b r B l e rp a c f l p e A e J I e H IM
1)a 3o Ba H}{oii c,r y'.{a il HI'Ilvlll JI?Iflll fi xIu.
Prrrpe4e,reHlre paccrottHllii MelKAy napaMlr ntrst'lr1Moxitlo IIC'
c,rre:oBaTbc noMoir{t,rcil,{ero.4a6nttxtaituero cocella. cHauana npolr:rBo.rJbHo
nr,r6epeuno oAgofi ToLIKe Ha r'IIlHIlffxlilpru. 14: Iiall{,1oli
1Orlt..ilEO rIepnCilAUI(ydItlpyX 5,rnX<atiUeft
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r:e:eri d ecrb cperHec aTlix lr3l{epeHHit.3ra npoueAfpa llpoll"rru'llocrp u p o B a H au a p r t c .5 . 1 6 .
A a c u [ 1 9 ] o n p e a e , ' r u . :crp e A H e ep a c c r o e u H e 6 n o M e r o A v 6 J I I I '
xaiiurero coceAa A,'rq cxeMbI c,,t5rttnrinot",ruugti c.rle4yrculunro6pa'
1o11.'

O: 0,31831/i,
t

(5.3;r)
35

,/",

Tep|IpeTHpyeTcg

-2

aHariloruqHO

IlHAeKCy

A':It

Tor{eqHbIX

II
3ror xpttrepHft npuro4eH A"Ifl MHox{ecrB Kal( npffN{blx' raK
qTo STLIJILIHIIUHe qacTO MeHfl'
yc,'IoBIrII,
11p11
,'TLIHLIIi
ItclipuBIeHHbIX
tt'nUnpu"JreHtie. 3Uaulir, JrltHItItAOJIiKHbI6Urr, no KpaflHeli LIepe
B froJITOpapa3a A!'IHHHee,qeM cpeAHee paccroflHue MeXAy HI',IMII'
IIJIorHOcrb
Ha OAHOtiKapTe Ma,lO, TOOqeHeHHy}O
Ec.tlr .{rtclrOJTLIHI4\I
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--7 L

Prc. 5.16. Bsrqtclenne

paccronnuii
MexAy JTHHHSMHrlo MeroAy 6.ltxafi_
uero coceAa.
Touxa, p eur6prtla c.rl.uaiiHo rra .nt_
H I I I | A . I l J H r r ri l | H s r e . t r r i l l J t a , h n C _
3TO IIepaeHAHKy,rlrpbr, IIpoBe,(eHHbre
]13
roqr[ p x 6.nuxafiuurr
I(par",ruuulv.
,taituas n3 Htrx c - paccrorHfie
:o 6rr>xauurero coceAa ,quHurr X. flpouecc noBTOpreTcf c ue,'rbto HaxoxaeHLts pac_
crogHuii no ]rero,[y 6atxairruero
cbce_
,Ia A,'rr scex ,rrrHuir

1: ( ,- - t- l ) t

Prc. _5.17. ClyvafiHoe pacnoJror(eHre

,nuxnfi onpo6oBaHnff(nyHxrup), cexyqrlx cxeMy ,llyHtfi na xapre. Ilepeceue_
H H s n o c r e A H u l r n , r n H H f io n p o 6 o n a H u r
o6pasyror, nocJteAoBare,rbHocrb
r{HTep_
BaroB,AJrqKoropbrxMoxHo nponepnir
ruflore3y o c,tyuafinocrn

o 3 :0 , l 0 1 3 Z1xz

(5 3+)

.ty Arrcnepcrrrcrr quc.ro .nrrsuri B cxeMe, Mo)r{Ho

,.-_T:n::-ry:
Haurn craHlaprxoe orxr,roHeHuesaueii ou,eHKH
cpe.qHefo paccrofl_
Hut ro MeroAy 6luxafiilero
coceAa. Craugsplgse orK,rroHeHr.{e
on_
Pe.4,reuo(iop uy.noli
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t/' 2,y o;l n.

A H A J I I , I 3 H A N P A B J IE H H b I X N A H H b I X

(5 35)

OHa no3Bo,rtrrer
HaM-Bblq'cJIIrrL npocr'Io Z_crarltctutiy
I,,rfl npo_
Bepxu 3lraqtrMocTrrpa3locTr.r Mex{Iy o}KHAaeMbrM
n Ha"6,rrc4*nn,,rna
cpeAHIrr{ paccrosHHex,r,Bbtrrrrcr,reHHbllr
rro MeroAy 6nli;xafiruero
cocerfa:
.7
L:-

reo,lolaqecKofi
Kareropnl
Hanpan,reHHbre AaHHbIe-BaxHafl
lrntpopnta4urr. Bce o6'L'eKTbl, Talille, liati n,rlocKocrl'I HaIIJIacroBarilrri, cx,ra4qarble noBepxHocrn lI TpeuuHbI, xapaKreplt3ylorcfl 3aJefaHHeM, Bbrpa)KeHHblll ilpocTrlpaHI'le),,I n,'lacroB I1 IIX HaliJloHoM.
roptI30HTbt,
IIcKoIIaeMble
.ileluuriorue
rpeuruHbI, NIapKilpyloulle
Bo]1orl raJIbKa ilMelOT npeO6na4arolliiiioBr.iHbr ll oruluQoBaHHas
lllrre HarrpaBJreHHf opIleHTauuil. <DororpaQIIII, IloflyqeHHble c BO3A Y X a I i C I y T H H K O B ,T a x i r < e r O I { a 3 b l B a l O TH a , ' I I { q U eO p H e H T H p o B a H H b l X
Itccr'IeAoBaHbI
.niruefrHorx cxeM. Vr<asaHHbre o6'berirr'I Mof)'T 6brrb
i i o . r n q e c r B e H H b r M r 4x , r e r o A a M r r , H a n o A o 6 r { e u : u e p e n u f t J p y f t l x r e o ,:roruqecliux cBoricrB, otrHaKo Heo6xoAl.rMo IICro,'tb3oBarb ctreIlH'
a . r r b H b r eC T a T H C r u r i i l , o T p a l K a r o u l t r e q i l t i . q i l q e c K y I O ( u " u l r c Q e p l t u e c KYlo) npupor..v HanpaBreHHblx AaHHbIX.
V q r t r H e a f l n p a r { r x r i y r e o r p a ( r o e , u r , I A o ! ' r N { H L rp a 3 J ' I t t q a r b H a t{l'o
llpe4no,'tcNIzl.t,
npaBJreHHbIe u opilettrHpoBaHHbte o6rexru.

ll

ss

(5.36)

Kpureprlr? sBrflergi ;lBycropoHHrn{. Ec,rrrt BeJr]rqrrHa

Z ne zua,nt_
r'14' To Moxiuo 3a^,'trcqrlTb,qro Ha6,rrcAeHHaq
cxeMa JllrHilr'iHe or' T r r r q r ' r Moar c x e M L r , n o p o x . l e u u o f r c , l y u a l i u u l r ( n y a c c o u o n c x u l r )
pacnpeAelrreuuenr.
lln MoxieM raK}Ke eeecru r.rHAeKC6,qu;xaririlero
coceAa, lricsruqultri ToMy, Koropuli ncnc.,il,3oBa"rc,
rJfl ToqeqHbrx
cxeM, B3flB orllotueHlle Ha6,rtoAeuuoro
tl)H",

paccroauafi no MeroAy6,rrrxafiruer" .".:;;'THi

(5.37)

floocroi.r MeroA Hcc,'leAoBaHI4fl MHo)KecrBa d'II'IHIriiHa Kapre co'

cro,rr B npeo6pa3OBaHHI',llByltepHofi cxeMbI B oAHoMepHylro tloc'renoBareJlbHocrr. Mut MolKeM cAeJIarb 3To, [poBeAtl c"[yqalIHo !'IIlHlrlo Ha KapTe I.I oTMeIIag TOI{KLI,B KOTOpbIX3Ta dtllHntl nepeceliaeT
.r1rrHrrrr3aAaHHOro MHO)KeCTBa.Pacnpe4er'leHUe IlHTepBa'1OB Me)KAy
roqr{aMlr nepeceqeulln BAoJIb npoBeAenuofi' nurtuu Aaer ilHdlopMarlpK) O npOCTpaHcTBeHHOfICxeMe. Mu raoxell [pllMeHI'ITb K I{cCdIIe\'IeTO,Ibl, lI3!'IO.lOBaHLrrO 3TOri OAHOMepHOft IIOCJIeAOBaTeTTIbHOCTLI
iricHHble e r.[. 4. Ec"ru oAsa ceKyxlaf He Aacr AocTaTOr{HofO KO.;rrrqecTBa nepeCeqeHLIfr Lns TorO, qTO6bI MoIKHO 6u.nO npiilleHIITb
HeKoro_pyq_Apyfylo
otrHoMepHble KplireplzH, ro Mox(Ho npoBecrll
c.rl,rraI'rHo opneHrupoBaHHyIo ,'tlIHI.{p H r. A. (p rc. 5.17). tr'lsettnltcu
rbiri nyrb c-er<yuefi iluHurr HarloMfiHaer c,'IyqafiHoe 6rvxAaH[e,
KaK
paccMaTpI.iBaTbcfl
nocJreAoBaTeJIbHocTb nepeceqeHHii uoNer
n ocr'teAoBaTer'rbl{ocTb, p acIIoJlo)KeHH afl B,llo!'lb g1itofi IIp fl Mo ii .rII{HI'II{.
Sror u Apyrse MeroAbI I4ccJIeAoBaHl{q [J-IorHocrI'I cxeMbl .rlllullft
paccMorpeHbl B pa6ore [29].

a Tar(r(e x,Ircllepcrrlo3TO|OcpeAHefo:

36

COBeplIIeHHO

CXEM.

";::X";::

o/

,r1

jl.

ABTO]IO6IT''Ib ABIII{CTCq

HA CCBCP BAO":Ib IIIOCCC; ABII)KEHI{E ABTOI{O.

6 u , r s l t v e e r H a n p a B , ' I e H r eB, T o B p e M f l i ( a K u o c c e c a M o I . r M e e r
To.rrbrioopfieHraqrrlo ceBep- rcr. flpocrupaHrrfl c!'roeB nopoA rr
r p o c . ' i e i l { H B a H I I ce K ' r a A o l { - n p I I M e p b I o p H e H T I J p o B a H H b t fxe o r r o f t r qeclill-\ Ha6,'tto4eHufi,n to BpcMfl KaK
Apyt'{irrrHbIH HeKoTopbrer.rcKoil3elIhIe, TaliHe' I(ali cll.rlbHo cI{pyrleHHble facrpolloA[,I, it],,Ietor
f l p t ' : o B b I p a > K e H H bH
I ea n p a B d ' t e H r r bxtaep a K T e p r r c T i l K J . I .
r\isr ruoxeru raKxie Brrr-le,'ilr'rbsr6,rio:cirrrrr, Koropbre
).Ao6Ho
uso6pax<arb rorrriaMr.rHa oxpy)r(Hocrr.r,IIrtrr Ha6,rrn,{eurifl, ecrecl t s e H H on p e A c r a B , ' r e H H b H
r ea c $ e p e , H a n p r . t \ r e p , u e r a u o p $ u q c c r ( r e
crp\'rirypbr. llepalre r13 ynox,rsHyrbrxAarrHL.rx\.!06Ho uso'6paxaru
r r t l r r i t f p i r t r \ 4 e , H M e n u l e f i S o p n r v q n K , l r r q e c K o fr iu c r o r p a r r , t i u t oul ,r o I)br- rrso6paxarcTcrr ror{rraMrr B npoeKrlr.rHHa no,rycrlepy. Xors
I e o , r i o r l l M H o f n e r o A b l n p e A c r a B J I f l I o rH a r r p a B r ' r e H H bAt a
e H H b I eB T a r i o M B r r A e ,o H r r H e p a s p a 6 0 r a , r u $ o p u a n n H b r x c r a r H c T r . r q e c K unxp o ue-l)'p I,1fl npoBepl{n IICTIlHHocrll3ar(JttoueHnti,IioTopble ltse.tleriaJIIIcL'Ii3 3TL{XAuafpar,lt'1.Taxoe [o,'ro]KeH[teAocrofrso cox(a,rcHrrfl
HC ToiIbl(o fioroM\', tlro 3TI4 KpIITeprlrr no,'Ie3Hbrcrar{H fro ce6e, uo

Ta5.'irrua 5.5
Berrop lranpaurreunfilrrrprrxosKH
JrsAnr.l(a,llsrrepelHurii Ha n,rouraAr,r
l lOxsoii 4ki:,'raxluit (eriave;tra4anul
B rpil:(ycax,
oic'.ier Bed:Icq flporfiB
qaccrcri
crpe.r.,{, Ha.ilr}rafl c caBepa)

1,23
12i:t
126
i 2fi
126
i27
1.27
128
128
129
t32
132
i32
134
13lr
\37
1,44

23
27
i3
58
64
83
85
88
93
99
100
105
ll3
1i3
1t4
l7
121

II IIOTOi4Y,LITO PiI:JB]dTI,IE
T,IHCITIXII3 3TIIX MCTO.IOB6OINO rrgCNIiIII.
potsaHo nepBoHarl;l,llrio rrpo6"leN{flMrr Ili.,r,;Ko 3elr.rie.
Ha plrc.. 5. l8 lrpe:rcras;ena riapra ipau,.,ruorrrocrrr .refHrrrioB,
Har'repeuHoli rra i\r[r.[oir EJrox{a;iil e Io;xHoii
orrnnssxuu
(ra6.r.
5 . 5 ) . H a n p a B . r r e H r r f l , v l { a 3 a F r H b r e' ' ' r l ) r i x a M r r ,
Mo}KI{o u:o6Da:uro
erHIlllqHbIMu BeKTopa)'tIl IL']ir )r{e Ha oKp\';KHccrLI eAnHHr{Horo
panrr'ca (pnc. 5.19, a) . Ec,rH oiip1.)r(Hocrb pa:6nrl
Ha cerMeHrbr r{
IIO-lt-'LIIIT2TbqliC.IIO BetiTopOE B IiAiI(l{O}.{ Cefl,teHTe, TO
De3\:"rrbTa.f

115
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1aJ

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155
155
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163
165
t7l
172
t79
lBl
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190
212

l,rox{Ho npeAcraBrrrb B BirAe po3br rj,rpi ulKJrHqeciiofi rtrctorparausl

( c v . p u c . 5 . 1 9 , 6 ) . O A u a x o J , ' r f l r o f o , q r o 6 u B b r q f l c ! ' r r 4 r bc r a r r r c r r r i i l r , r { o T o p b r e I a r o T x a p a r \ T e p r r c T r i K n B C e f o I , I H o l . t { e c T B aB e K T o p o B ,
ilrbi Aor't)iiHbI pa6orart
HeitocpeACTBeHlro c caMtrMIi II3MepeHufIlIa,
(Fieo6xo:1uno orMernrb r{To c,teA}'fi corr'ranegflrc Meir(Ay feo.[ofaNlII, \1bt ]t3Mepflet\I \rt,rbI r!l)oruB .taccgr,ifi crpeJii{u or tloJIo}KltreJIbu o r o H a n p a B r T e H t r foi c r r i ' , r . e . o r r r i l L i J l i r B . t c H r irJf la c e B c p ) . B 6 o , - i u lultHcrBe pa6cr no crarilcrutie H:titllaB,,lCilHbrX
r a H H b r x y r ! ' I L , Ir i 3 t i e p q l o r c f l n p o r r i B . I a c o e o i i c r i l e . ' t l . r r 0 T I l o ! ' r c ] . K r r r e , { b H o r oH a n p e B , t e HIIti octz X, t. e. HalpaB.r]eHrrst Ha Eocror(.
f,titsHoe Halpasieu'rC B Hrioropolt Mtro)KecrBe BeriToDoB i!{oxiltr uafirH,
Bbl'.Irrcd-lflff i)e3\..-rbrrrp).Iourtlli Ber(rop - peiy.nlrrHr.
I-]1'crl X n Y - KooprtrrHarbr rioHr{a errrrursHoro Ber(Topa, HanpaB. : , i { f i eK O T O p O T O
3aAaeTCgVrnOll 0:

JI
I
I

X ; : c o s0 ; ,
(5.38)
Yi:sin 0;.
Tlrcre rilrr Bri{Topa
ilpeACraB.'tenbr
Ha p l r c . 5 . 2 0 . T a x x < e r o r ( a 3 i l H
pc3yr'Ibrilpylolqlri BeKTop, ri o,rr1'ueuHu
ii C y l v l M I I p O B a H l l e \ t C t T H y C O Br . I
IiOCxHyCOB XHAIlBlrAya,lbHi)I.\ BetiTOpOB:
lt

vf,l
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P r i c 5,18. Kr'.pra,npeAcraBnffrcqacHanpaBJreHfis turpltxoBKIt

,
/*-l

C O SU ; ,

(;.3e)

JteAH!{r{a e rcxHofi
,racrlrOsHrsHauu(51 H 3 M e p e H u e )H a
uroulaAn BF xi,r2

Y-

sin 0r.
I -1

38

39

s,._

\4s pesyJrbrripyrcxteroBeKTopa tt'toxHo no,'tyqurb cpeAuee

00

360"

0, xoropoe fB,IlfieTCflyt,'IoBblN,lcpeAHIlM Bcex BeliToHanpaB,'reHrre

a
r
t
6
o
p
x
l
l
.
O u o c o B e p u e l i H o. a H a r t o f l l q H o c p e A H e M y 3 H a q e H l l l o
pon
\ r H O ) r { e c r B caK a , r fpl H b l x u 3 M e p e H l l l l :
nn

I
I

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270'

9o'

6 - 1 n 1 - r( Y , l X , ) :

tan-t (

c o so ,
).

s i n (' l;A/, !

L;

l=

i=l

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iliiAalor Ha 3arraA, Apyfxe - Ha HecKo.irbl{ofpaAycoB Ha BocToli.
, o H e t rr, i o r o p o f o J i e x l I l T H a
T a r i x a i i n a A e H H ec q r r r a e r c f l B e r ( T o p o MK
uri;riseri norycSepe, To Berirop R eocroqHofo rr 3airaAHoro ilaAeH r r r ' i6 y , 1 e r H a n p a B , r r e H
B e p r u K a a b H os H u s ! K o u e u H o , A J T H H aR 6 ) , {er 6,lrr:xa ri Hvd'r}o,Tar( rrro cQeprruecxafl Auclepcrrr 6yAer 6onr,u r o i i , y x a s u B a f l H a x p a i i n e B b r c o K y r oA u c f l e p c u r o c p e . u r B e x r o p o B .
. u c , r r Ig T H n a A e H l i f l p a c c M a r p u B a r b H e K a K B e K T o p b I ,a K a r { H e H I N P a B . T - I H H T , I CO C H , T O A B A

Puc. 5.28. O6o:ra,{euln ars rpexMepHOrO

Bexropa, xapaKr'epH3yroulero
npocTfipaHr{e

( 5.4e)

KOHIIA

6YAYT

NPOCI(TI,IPOBATbCfl

B e p r H r o i ou H H X { H r o I n
o o n y c $ e p n ; o q e B H A I r oq, r o J I u H I , r Hn,p e A c r a B .rrfllorlrre BocrorrHoe rr 3atla;(Hoe ttai],eHHq,TecHo cBrr3ausl. CpelHflq ocb, BbrrrucreHHaqc rtoMorlbo Mero.r,oBTeoptril co6creeH]Ilir
BC1,:TOllrB.
r|t.rtolKeHHotililDrie, 61"rer roprieoHra,llnofi U 61'ter
i r i )) x u t i t T b I I C i ) ( ' 3
n!qot: or'cii Ia.1eHHfl.
lVtarpuuHoetrpeAcraBJreHrre
BeKTopcB
B r.,r. 3 (cu. riu. 1) )rxic orr/reqa.rrocb,rrro cl porirr N{arpuilbt
i p r i Q u u e c x n M o f y r 6 s i r n n p c A c r a B J r e H bBr e r { r o p a M r . {O. 6 p a r u o I ' r opeACTaBIlTb
B I,IaTpItr{" ' I O B b l e. X a p a K T e p r r c T f l l iBr re r ( T o p o Bv r 0 r . r ( H n
H o i i $ o p n r e . C o 6 c r s e u H b r e3 H a q e H u s n c o 6 c r B e n r J b r eB e K r o p b r r a rioii rr:rrpnrlr,r Aalor lrHQopuar-iaioo pa3N{eilleHxrrBer(TopoBB nlloc ' f p a H c T B eo. 4 u a x o i l p e ) K l e r r e M o x a p a K T e p r r 3 o B a l bn p e A c T a B r . r e H r r e
\ ' t i r o ) K e c r B aB e r i r o p o B B M a r p r r q H o f i Q o p t r e , n p i i B e A e x {o 6 s o p i l c " t t o ; , i r e H rfrei io t , t e r p l u t ,H a r I u H a f cl A B y M e p H o t oc J I y q a g .
leOl\'leTpllqeCKOe
COOTHOlUeHile,
AaIOU-(eeBe"II{qHHy IIpOet(qliH
O.l.HOI0 BeliTOpa

Ha

HanpaBd'leHlte

rI,p)'fOfO, -

9TO CI{a/rlflpHOe IIpO-

l l 3 B e A e H r . rAeB y x B e x r o p o B ( p u c . 5 . 2 9 ) . E c , r r r r p , { r r o r ' r o ) K H r br ,{ r o
o 6 a e e r i r o p a c 1 r i H r i q H b r eT, o A c r ( a p r o B b rK o o p A r r H a r b r r x K o H r I e B b r x

Plrc. 5.29. fipoexrtr.rn

Bei{ropaa, b x a n e l i rcp u, a.
,r].,rriiranpoer iiuu a, b ill u, Ll p i l B H : r

I
I
i

---:-.- -.-

lr:rccroffHl.tc getiTCha lioriIt goii rr l r i t r J

4. lt
( _ ) TB e t i T O p : t u , L t i ) : ) B H O
d

i\\,

lBl:ntll-lrl,
r.ir: ? - Ma'ipilua pa:JMepa 3X3 cvllm I'.Ba-lparoBl1
n p o r r t r B e A e H t t i ru a i t p a n l f l t o u { l t x I { o c 1 1 H ' ' ' c o B c i i r o i - , o B

ii'\.

""t

i
.4'

", n-;',J'L'
\

tl

t,, -?.

-t-=-,-*-r

Iloelt) \it' ltarpt{tIa B itlttelct glrA

ir

l-n

ToLlex 6j -lir rai(Ite iiie, i.;iiri Itx Irarip.tB"tsto[Il.te

iiocllHycbl
HorucHriic i.i ocfiM .y n y.ITpoei<qua paBHa

lo

oi_

I:au*bu,
(S.bl)
/
p,riiTopaa, b ua Beri,.optt,
:,urra
Fpoeiillri,
1:e
c,. ?ro rari) r ( c c T b t . t i l H a -

i l p o c , \ r t i l i r t t , ; . tu a a , l t .
Ha pril' 5'29 nlrlno' qro BeKTop a,b
e c r b f r z r r o T e H y 3 ar p r N r o yfolbitofo
Tpe)'fo.rjrrrJuria, cTopoHLr ;ioTopofo
ecrr npoe,rl1ns / ga
BCKrop

u, o n nepreH.qnrivnnp
tl. I1o reopelre [rr6a'ropinuryuu_

C},I COOl'HO[ICHI,IC

d,_I _ 12:1 _ (auIbu)2.

(b.52)

' I I n 6 0 e ! i l c . ' r o B e i i ' i o p o B - i , ' 0 ; r ( Hcon D o e i ( T i r D o B a . r b

Ha .,jiiriiio ,, u c
I l o l v l o x i b t oy p a B H e H r r f l( 5 5 1 ) , r r r i a a 4 p a
r r r i . x p a c c r ' a u. 'l ir,i"i u ruprr r ,orui r H r r r L r , o o r p e A e j r r i { r . r c nv p a B H e i i u e M
(5.521. at;;;
p a ccrr.,rrti.ili6y4er
n

,w -- \- rti
i=]

.i

u
L@ t

b ;r ) 2 ,

(5.r3)

ee \{o;iiHo pitcct,{aTpilB3tb Iiar.i IIOMeHT

IiHepIIHH iioHeqHrrrxToqeJ{
B e K T O p o B o . i r i o c i i T e J b H o . . i i i i l f ir r t t ,
u . 3 t o ) p a B F i e r J r r ci r o ; t u o o 6 o O _
IlIr.rrb ri:r Tpe.x],repHbrii c.rryuaii tr
norrotilbro BBe.l.errl;t rperleli
np,_,crp a HcrBeiIirofi rtoopAl Hari,r

.,u:f .,
r*"ta'i

f_l.

lL-

= b , < t!

),(uiu

i-:i

L=l

V
- t rt ._o -p.n...r ., ,. o, , ! t\ -l i. -r .l ,)
t r o i r i r r i ) B b r pa 3 i r T b
L i t a r r a , r t i l I i o o p ^ q l { H a T L I. , i I H I t H 3AIAIOTC-A

c,w)2

(5.51)

n varpuunofl rlopne"
BeKTop-ct.o!-r6\o*t
u:

{ul

ILII

.-l

it

cr

t"t'

L(e I
53

[OilapHLIX

i ) a; ) a,1,,-Y,r'c, I
lrl i \ /,,a;s ,? ) D,,', I
i ) r,o, ) r,i,, ) ,,; I

ttt

I
!

marpnuy B:
A/istrar<>xeonpeAer'ILiM

IDJ

- 2o',

b; Zb,c,i

2', o, ) i:;l'" t;

- \ i r - , r / r e H TI r H e p u t i l l i . , r r o O o "

i,i'iiclo M : lU l' LBll,Ul

-. ttici i

Zo,b,

I t?J

orHocltreJlbHo tlaflpeB,rleHUfl Ir]

ecrb

flpeNae qeM orIpeAe,'Ifrb Mot{er{T oTHocure.rlbHo Helioropoil

JIIIrri'tr,lisso.tlruori,'utHtril [ UJ, rrrsr MoiKeM uaftrtr eAUHCTBeHHy]o
o r o p o i i N l o t r T c l {ITI H e p u l l l l 6 y a e r M a K C H M e . r I b H i t i o , o r F r o c i l T e J ' I b Ht iO
ur,rrt. I(oopluHarbI aroii,rtrsttu 3aAalorcfi nepBbIM co6crBeuHutvt
t s e r i r o p o MI \ T a r p u r r b lI B ] . E c , ' r r r7 u - n e p e o e c o 6 c t n e t l u o e 3 H a q c H l l e
i ciirop-cro.rli B l u I-bt ital t i c o o r B e l c r e s ' r o r - q l r iei . ' t y c o 6 _ c r e q q q b i f B
o r l , t e q a " t o c t rn r n . 3 , ) ' r : [ D ' ] ] [ B l I b r ] , r . j . ] , e c r u
i;eii, 't'o,
] l O l , i C l l T I I H e p I I I I U B e l i T o p O B O T H O C I I ' l e , ' I b H nOe p B O f O C O O _ C T B e H H O f O
Fe;iTopa. 3'rc :]uaqlrt, tlro c)'MMa i'BaAparoB paccroqilrlli or KoIIuoB naHHrilx Ilcli.fopoB Ao ltepBofo co6creeHHoro Beiiropa Mai(clli \ i : : . r b l i o B 0 3 h i c ; r i H a - f l ,r r J l L r q r O c O 6 r r e e u t i l t t i B e l i T C p o A H O B p e M e H r l o
l r r i r d r : l : i r l e . l b H o l r e p n e F l r t j r . , \ ' J l t t i t e HK o B C e \ , 11 1 3 n a H H b i x B e t i r o p o B ,
1 1 : r1. i 0 . ' i b l i O3 T O B O 3 N t O ) K H O .
M o r r e u r r i H e p q f i l t B T o p o f o c o 6 c ' r e e H r t o r o B e i . : T C p a- t l a t t 6 o l l '
n ;rrc5Ofi rtllHlili, cj icioii::.ribHoii nepeoul'
r u r r r i r r . ; B o : l N { c } I ( H b l x; 1 " 1
c o i c r B c l i r i c i i v B e K l o p ) , . T p e r t i r i c o 6 c . r e e u H L r r in e x r o p : o ; l r x e s 6 l i r n
olr ioftrilS,IibHLlI,l AByM Ap)'fllN{ II ,l.O,'l}:(eHTalix{e yqtlTblBaTbCtr LJlfl
BeiiropoB.
s,tx
ocra.ibHbrx IiBa.,I.paroBpacc'r'cRuitfi ,1o Bepuilrl
I : r r ' i . : , i l i : r ' ;r r T p u c o 6 c r B e H H I ' r x E ei i r o p a o t t p e r c J f l o r o p r o i o i l a , r b i t i , ra i i ' r r : u c , n o , q H o c T t , I o e x n r i s a r e u l H s u : l
lJCXo.lircN{y x,{Ho;l{ecTBV
- r i ' , i a r ) T o B b i xo ' : e f i , r o r p e r H i r c o 6 c r e e u H o r i l e e t $ o p ; l o J I l K e H o i l p e A e .:i', ir ;iliHIll..-l, BIO"rIb t,lOrOpOii ],{(-rMeHTIlllCpt{lln ,YIlHli!.1a"iIeH. To
ecrb, ilH 51-,rcr optteHTI'tpoBalITaK, rillt fi1':1ro oH o.llloBpeMeHilc
i - ) ' ' l i i : l O i i H A i ' i ' O " [ b K O ,f { 3 C i r C , I l b i . 3OT O B O 3 \ 1 O } l ' ' l l O
l i ,O B C e N { 3 T I l ] v I B e l i 'l (-,rl
a Nl.
tic,ru 4e a BeKrop a rri a \{erp a,TbHo II p olr'rBofiod'Iox{Hbt ( ptlc. 5.30),
olrtt oulzr 6yai'r I.rr{erb oiltrr{atioBbte A"rtrrHr,rnepfleHIxtiy"IgpoB
BHe
' . ' o S c r e e r r H o r on e x r o p a
[ b ] r r o J , r r H a t i o B o e B , ' I H f f H r l eH a p a c i l o , ' I o x { e r.o

PNc. 5.30. llpoexqun AByx AraMerpaJrbHO npoTnBonoJloxHbrx BexTopoB Ha

c o d c r s e H H b r f in e x r o p b 1 .
paccroqlrurl d1 u d2 IlIeHTriqHln u HtreKir oAlrHar{oBbrit spaqarellnsrri

volreHr

i\

{r-e K T O p a .3 r O S H a q r i r , q T O H a i l p a B r ' r e H r {Bee K T O H H e C O 6 C T B e H H OB| O

poB repseT cMbrcJr;oHrr HeoT.rrlrqxMbr
oT ocer?. flo erori lpuqriHe
NleroAbr reopHu co6crBeHHbrx BerrropoB npeAnoqTlrreJrbHee nplI
r xa c Q e p e , B r e x c J r y q a f l x ,
r r c c d r r e A o B a HA
r JarH
r H b r x ,p a c n p e A e , ' i e H H b H
r,{e HeoAHo3HaqHocTb
cooTBeTcTByerpa3,rrflqliroMe}KAy BeKropaN{H
c KoHuaMHB BepxHerirr Hrr){(Heiino!'r}'cQepax.
Co6creeuHr,re Ber{ropbr o6ecileqriBar.ornpflMyFo uHQopMaurrrc o
p a c n p e A e J r e H u us r r J X B e K r o p o B . M a p A u a [ 5 1 ] p a 3 J r u q a e r q e r b r p e
cnyqafl.
l. 1,1BeJIrlKO,B To BpeN,ltlKaK Lz Ia 1,3 Ma,IIbI.3ro guaqnr, qro
M e ) K A y K o H u e B b r M rrro q K a M H
c y M M a K B a A p a T o Bn e p n e H A l r K l , r ' r t p o B
BeKTOpOBrr OCbrO,COOTBerCrBylOqeri
[epBoMy CO6CTBeHH0N{y
BeriTOpy, orIeHb Be,'tLIKa.
EO,rlurvucrBo Ha6r'IroAesHr?
Ao,rxHo Jre)KaTb
B i r J r o c K o c T Hc, o A e p ) K a u e i i c o 6 c r B e H H b r eB e r i r o p b r c H o u e p a u l r 2
(prrc. 5.31,
u 3 , 1 4 o 6 p a 3 o B b r B a r bo n o f l c r , r B a r o u e ep a c n p e A e J r e H r r e
a).
2 . ) q i l I ' z o 6 a B e , ' I t ] K t tB
, ro Bpeufl Kar{ },e Ma'lo. PaccrorHle
no neplleHAlrKyrTflpyor KoHIIeBbrxToueK .r,o nepBoro u Broporo
paccroqco6crBeHHbIXBeriropoB Ao,'r)'r{Ho
6r,rrt oqesl 6o,lrrurrirr, a -MaJrL,|\{.
HHe AO rpeTbefo co6cTBeHHofo Ber(Topa Ao,TlKHo 6urrl
Ha6,rpAeurzqco6nparorcs B lvqor{ BoKpyf KoHrIarperbero co6crB e H H o r o B e K r o p a ( c v . p l r c . 5 . 3 1, 6 , a ) . I ( a x 6 u v o r l a l l H o e , r a K u
paCnpeAe,rleHirfl
vHIIMOAaT'Ir,HOe
AaFoT o.t HHaxonurfi pe3)'"rtbTaT;oHtr
I\{OlyT pa3,rI'IIIaTbct 3HaqeHrreMR, KoTopoe I,'1fl yHlrMoIa,'rbHofo
c,ryqafl 6yAer 66,rrujuM.
3 . , 4 s a c o 6 c r B c H n b r x3 H a r r e r { r r rcro B n a r , a r o r .3 r ' o H a c a t r { o Ma e l a c T H L I i ic , l y u a r i c r y r l a f f 1 . H a 6 l t o , l e H l r a o 6 p a : y r c r
re HetioTopbtiq
c r ( M M e T p r . { q e c K rf ri o
i i q c B o x p y r o c ! ] , c o o r B e T C T B y ] o u l c rei . l l i H c T B e H n o M y c o 6 c r B e H H o M3yH a q e H r r r(oc n r .p l c . 5 . 3 1 ,a ) .
4 . B c e r p u c o 6 c r B e H H b r x3 H a q e H t r f lo r u H a r i o B r , r .P a c n p e , l e . r e HHe paBHOMepHOe
r a, K r i a r i i l e p n c H A r r r i y , ' r q p H bHr ea I ] l ] a B r e H H t rl ] . J r f l
60

H a e A n H l . l q H o fci $ e p e :
Pnc. 5'31' CxemsrnexropoB
d - c x e M a l l a c T l l q H o r o o f l o f l c b l B a H l l q B I t J o c l i o c T I I ' c o p ' e p x aourlHeo' fci .l l.r.eoJ6bcirl o
t ^ ec o
u6
Hcl rt e cn H
e t- i pacnpeAe"'lenu"^utntopo"
co6'toost 2 u 3; 6 -y,,"toL'''i"oe
u'"ntopou orHocllre'lbno
p
o
t
n
p
"
S
t
'
*
i
t
o
r
'
l
'
l
o
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r
a
;
'
s
H
o
e
Hoi,l eeKropa 3; e
corepxauell
- c i e " a n o ' ' t t t o t o ' o n o q c b l B a H I r f le [ " I o c t i o c r f i '
crBeHHoro eexropa g; e
--io6cteeHnl'te
c O 6 c r e e ] l H l t e e e r i r o p l t 2 r . r 3 ; u x c o 6 c r s e H u H e ^ . n o u " " ' " I i A e H T l3I iql aHrbl el ititl .i ql l tn6p' u
l u6:' lr it it tBce
' otnp*'1t'rerrre'
]i lro\I]'; d - paaHoltepuot p
p
a
B
t
l
l
j
3llTeJbHO

'rpex toqeii orrrHarioBbr

A r r r B C e r T p e x o p r o f o r { a J r b H b r xo c e f i . H a
e ; 1 r r r r r r , ; t r ocrQi e p e u e r n p e A n o q r r l r e . r r b H o f op a 3 N r e u e u u ai o u e n ( c u .
p i r c . 5 . 3 1 ,d ) .
B,, -rriorr [B I ] o6o6urn,rr 3r]' ri,riiccrid.rrrxaqrrrc,
ttpeAcraBr.iBf paQ r u , i e c i i r r . ' i o r a p t r Q t uo trru o i l e i l r r r j c o 6 c l e e r r H L , l3xr r a q e n n r i( l n ) " r ) / 1 , 2
t j : i : 1 8 ; rrfr M o c r r . o
t r ( l n l " z )l ) " s . H a e f o t r u a f p a M M e B C e B o 3 M o ) K H b r e
c x e x ' r L rt r' o q e K u a c r l e p e u o r r a - { a i o r n c r r e q u r p l r u e c r v roc6 r a c r n . 3 r a
r f o p r r a r p a $ n u e c x o f o a H a , [ r r 3 aM o ; . t i e '6f t r r l o c o 6 e H H on o r e 3 H a n p t r
p a 6 o r e c r i e r p o r e i i r o r r r l q e c l i u M rAr a H H b r M r rH. a p l r c . 5 . 3 2 n p e n c r a a / r c H i t : r ; l H a i l 3 . r y r r a f p a M uB y r t l < o i i a .

i . .. . J

//. /

t:=2

llpeS.crae'reHI'teci$epHqecKIlxAaHHb'lx
X o r q l { s o 6 p a X { e H H e B i i C p C I I e K T I 4 B e H a e / I I I H I t t i H o'fere.'Ib'
liC{l]epeno.
Mo>Ker nepeAarb
ua'itati ltJ"rilocrpa[l]ll' oHo He
.lc3;^an"
B^liropoB'IIo nptiHnroN{y Coii\'Io rlHQOpMaul{}oo pacEpe.Ie"leHUil
t
o
t
i
a3aHbl B npoeKlruu Hx KoH'
,lir'ua"tir' rpexorepnre neriroprt
Ha
Iax xaii artl roqxrt !.eficiBrlTe'nbHorexaT
iloB Ha flJIOCI(OCTb.
rPelr3NrepeHHtx
s
i1B)'x
.qr.pot, npeAcraB'neHrieIrx
;l:;.;r;";;;;i
ilpoel{lIIiu' leo'rora rpar'liunoHHo
y
p
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6J'er

,"'-'

ux npoeKql{ilHa panHonJouaaHyrc
Plic. 5.33. Bexropu BHyrpHeAt*rn'tHofrc$epur n
IloJrqpHyloAuarpaMMy

-\'
'..':

./'
!
i{
P r c . i . 3 2 . l ( n a i c u C p r a x a q l q c x . M B e K r c i l o B n a e , q u n n q H o i ic t l e p e , c o o i r e r c r B y r c r q a r l
norapu{rmam oruoruesurl lrx cc6clneHHtrx ara,reHxfi [gl].
! , ' i ; t 1 ; . t : . ' i l i ' , H b t xo r H o u e - r t H t i y r a s a u s l r I i I r I I r r H t . r en e r l o r e r . : T o H r { r r e c r i ! rres a r p a r . r } 1 b r .
( - o r H o u t e H u e1 n( i 1 , / i , i l n ( L z , /, 1 , : , \
A9

Psc' 5.34. Ilpoer<ruporan[e noJrncoBHa [JrocKocr'Il:

- no"Ilocbln']ocKocrl'r'cnpoa - rr,'tocKocrbH ee floJllocblHa eAIlHIItlHoiictpepe; 6
a - npoexullf Ha BepxTouxa
paBHon,'IoulaAH)'Io
Allafpaunay'
ciirHooBaHrrbrc
''
r{a
"
"-";;;
no'tiycQepy
HI{xHIoIo
Ha
npoexqur
b
rouita
;;r;;o;py'
63

LIcIIoJrb3)ilor
paBrroil,'rot4aArrVrc
11o,ryrrpHyro
11poeriqH]o,IIana6epa,Noropafl orHocrircfl K cerrr
Kplcra,,i,rrorpaQst
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B csssa c nu6opolr rIeHTpa cpa3y Bo3HHKaerBorrpoc, KaK ero
nn6parl BHyrprr Konrypa o6beKra. Eclu uesrp cABafaercs, To
paccToflHHs BAOIF,BCeX paAfiyCOBH3MeHflrOTCfl
rj, KOHeqHO,COOTBercrByrorqne npeo6pasoBaHurr @ypte 6yayr pa3rar{HbrMH. Ec.nu
Mbr nolKe,rraeMcpaBHarb Hecrio.rrbr{o
pas,lagubrx Qopu, Mbr AoJIx(HbI
oyAeM oTo)KAecTBHTbsKBr.iBaJreHTHbre
TotrKLr BlryrpH KaxAoft
Ltg
Hr{x, cqr.rTarrnx ueHTpaMH COOTBeTCTByIOqIX
KOOpAT{HaTHHX
CIICreu. Ec.nu 3TOrO He cAer'raTb,To Mbr He cMoxeM cKa3aTb, flr,Lfl,rorct rtH BHAI.{Mblepa3.tuqaq Me}KAy cne6TpaMH Oyple gr'I6ACTBTI69

eM pa3d'rr{quftQopMbr rrJrH )Ke oHH npolrcreKaror u3-3a Harrrefo

Bbr6opa UeHrpa.
B uexoropux npr,rJroxeHlrrxr.rMeercrreAr{HcrBeHHaflToqr(a BH,vrpr{ riai*(Aofi Soplttt, Koropafl MO;,r(ercJty)Klrrb HaqaroM norflpHoi'r
cucreMbr KoopAHHar. Taxue npxMepbr nprrBoAflr I(ec,rep u Vorepc
1 4 2 1. O n u l r i l l e p a r c r p a A r . r y c bor r ' p 1 ' 6 u a o r n e r { a r K a M y c K y , r a p a IilruIKoBbIx paqKoB Ao KoHrypa i.ix paKoBlHbr. K
coxa.rreHrno,
6o.uluuHcreo Sopu (sepua reci{a, faJrbria, rioHTypbr co,riflHbixriorreri) ne xMeror spr{o Bbrpa}KeHuL,tx
roqeri, liolopbre I,ro;xuo 6u,'ro
(rn. cqnrart ueHTpaMrrorcqera. A{u lrclNelr, oAHaKo, BHyrpr{ iiax{,toft eauxuyroii Qoprrlu npor.r3Bo,irbHo
nor6part roqKy, xoropaa 6y.
;leT_C.{yxarb Harrar'roMcHcTeMbIKoopAaHaT.
IJ,eurpor4-sro
ueHrp rs>rccr.li r]roprru, oH eAr.rHcrBeueH
Alrfl
K a l K A o r o o 6 t e x r a . E c l n r i o u r 5 r pH e t ( o t o p o r o o 6 t e x r a n p e l c r a s . r r r e r c a u a 6 0 p o M n e K a p r o B b l x l ( o o p x r r H a r , a H a J o f l r r I H b r Mn o p o x r i L r H I I o M y K o M r r b r o r e p o M , _ Tr o
r,eHrporrA
M o ) K e r 6 u r r r r a i i A e Hn H T e f p t j p o _
B a H r r e r rt i o o p A t r H a r x u Y . l l p o c r a a n p o q e A y p a r r H r e r p l i p o B a r r u r r
IlocrpoeHaHa rrcfrorrb3oBaHlM
i r .er r o A a r p a n e q n l : r .
P t 4 t r r o u e K p a 3 M e u { a } o r c f lH a r p a u u u e o 6 r e r r a ( p u c . b . 3 6 ) .
rpaneqttrl ircIIo,lb3yiorcrr IIapbr 31'uX TOqeri B
AJI-fl OnpeAeJ'reHI{g
xot'r6usau,un c ocflMLI. Bur6pae ilpou3Bo,'rbH),.to
Ha!taJrbHyroTor{Ky,
n o c r p o r . i Mc e p u r c r p a n e u u r l , p a c n o , r r o x { e H H b rHxa p r . r c y H K en p o . r r r B
.Jacoeoi{ crper'rr{H.Moxuo irarirH rreHrp rff}Kecrn -xaxAori
rpaile_
T\IIVI, U XO,IT6HTTAqU' 3TIIX

UCHTPOB Tfl)KCCT}I AACT

I{EHTP Tfl)KCCTI-i

pacc[[arpriBaeuoir
Qzrypu. KoopAliHarrrlueHrpor14a
ererypu ecrl
X:2XtAtl (lAt),
(5.56)

V:{YtAl (x.4;),

(5.57)

fAe X; - xoopArrHarbr X qeurpoa4a l-fi rpaneg]/.u, Yi - ee KoopAHHarbr 1" At- rrJroulaAbTpaneqr{I,{.

I-IeHrpou4u n,rourareii ipaneqnfi B cBoro oqepeAb HaxoAflrcff
c noMolrbio npocrbrx feoMerplqecriux rrpoueAyp. Ka>xrar rpane_
t1l'rr pas6rrn-aercfl Ha IlpflMoyfoJrr]Hrrri rr npflMoyronrur,rir rpeyfoJrbHr{K. LI,eurporr4 npfMoyfo,'rbHrlKa pacnoJrox{eH nocepeAuHe,
B Tor{r{e nepec_eqeHr{s
I]apaJrJIe,relicropoHaM, npoxoAqrq]rx qepe3
rtx cepe.TnH-br.
lJ,eurpou4 rpevroJrbHoii qacril pacnoJrolKeHHa paccroflHtili l/3 nyrlr Me)KAy npriMbrM yf,'ro}r rr AByMr ocrpbrMH yr,,raNIIr. l_{eHrpoilJbrjlByx qacTer'rxonr6uur.rpyrorcFc BecaMr.r,cooTBcrcrByroqrnt{u l,rx orHoctlTed'rbubrM
nr'touraAqM.Orn onepaqHH MofyT
6strs crior'r6uHrponauu z ynpoxreHbr Ao Bbrpaxesufi' cJreAyroqefo
BI,I.{A:

A t : i ( Yt + r * Y , ) ( X , - X , + , ) ,
1^
xt At :7 {x?*, I Xi+tX t 1,-X, (y,+, -y,),
V, e, :]70

(Y',*,* Y i+,Y t * Y?)6t -_ X,+r).

9ra npoueAypa Moxer 6urr JIerKo npoAeJlaHa 3BM, Koropan

Aacr rIoJIo)KeHHer{eHrpor.rAa c,rox{noii Snrypu. To,rHocrl floJloxeHHfl 3aBr.r.CHT
OT qr.rcJraroqeK, pa3MeUIeHHbIXnO nepliMeTpy.
Tenepr Mr,I ycraHoBrrJrx noJrroxeHneIreHrpolr4a QIarypbl Il Mo'
xeM rlpoBecrH paAr-rycbrri3 ueHTpollAa K roqKaM nepurraerpa Qt'trypu. !,.nHHH erax paAHycoB BMecre c I4x yrrloBofi opueHraureft
AaIoT napbr nonrrpHbrx KoopAHHar, KoTopble MoxHo aHaJII43LIpoBarb
MeroAaMH Oypre, paccMorpeHHbrMr.r
B flpeAblAyuretirrase. AHaJHs
3
a
M
x
H
y
r
o
i
l
c
r
e
K
r
p
x
H3 orofo cnexrpa MbI MoxeM
Aacr
Surypn,
BbIBecrH Muoro uurepecHsrx Csoficre Qopuu $urypu. Llax.rtnqecruufi cnerrp @ypre fiMeer BCe xeJiaeML,recBoricrBa, KaK H o6bltlHuri cnerrp @ypre: os coAepxur BCro HHQopuaunrc, coAepxaulyrocfl B Hcxo4Hoii Qurype, ilocJreAoBarer'rbHbre
rapMoHI4KLIHe 3aBLIcflr lp),,r oT Apyra rr r{axAoe crreKTpa,rrbHoe
3HarreHHeecTb Mepa
BKJraAa coorBercrByroqerl rapMoHlrqecxoft Qopuu B o6uylo Aucrrepcl{rc.
roro, .{ro6H CAeJarb III1KJHr]ecKHfianantz 4pyple IIpHeM.L[,.nR
yrJroBbIMHnpu!'reMbrM,paAirycbr Ao,'rxHbi nsr6uparrca c paBHbrMr.r
pautreHi]filvlK
r ra. r < B 0 6 b r . r r r o Ma H a J r r r 3 e@ y p r e , n p o 6 u p a B H o M e p H o
pa3MeulaloTcfl Bo BpeMeHHrrJrf I]pocTpaHcrBe. K coxa,renu]o, HeBepoflrHo, qro6u KoopAanarbr IrcxoAnbrx roqeK Ha nepxMerpe 0ufypbI, IlcIro"{n:1rsN46ta
A,'Ifl oIIpeAeJeHIiq IIeHTpoHAa,pa3MeUIanHCb
'rax, uro6H coorBercrByrourne nM paAuycu o6pasonuBaJru paBubre
yr.ru. Mu Ao,,ix{Hbrnafitu BAoJrb fiep]rMerpa HoBoe MHoxecrBo
roqeK, r{oTopbreonpeAeJrgroTpaBHbre yrJrbr oTHocareJlbHoAaHHofo
r{cHrpouAa .rru6o ocyqecrBrrrb Hoesrri psA r{3Mepeluuftunu HHrepIIOJ'IfIIIilO Me>KAy 3TII Mll TOTIKaMH.

OAgaro Ka)KAas npoueAypa BBoAr4

T HoBbIe ycJro)KHeHr.rfl,
TaK
KaK qeHTporrA,BblqlrcJrenssrirno HoBoMy prAy rorreK, He o6ssaTCJIbHO B TOTIHOCTII COBNAAACT C UCHTPOI,IAOM, ONPC.4CJIEHHbIM AJIfl

rrcxoAHoro lvlHoxecTBaToqeK. Ec.nn pa4uycbr H3MepflIoTcflHe or

I { c r H H H o r oq e H T p a , r o B c n e K r p @ y p r e B B o / t , u r c r cr u e q e H H e . 3 Q r{o,'recy, KoTopoe
$exr or srofo auar'rorr4qeHHer{eHTpr.rpoBaHnoMy
B o c b M e p K aA a e r
!.ae'r BocbMepxy npH r\aiKAoMnpauieHHu.3ra
Rr(/tar-lB rlcpB)/Io fap],roHilri)" rioTopafl IIHaqe paBHfJIacb 6lt Hy.ltto,
T a i < x a n o 6 b r q H oA . x f f c p a B H e H r r qc i l e r i r p c r a H A a p r r . t 3 y e r c sT, o H a Jiurlre Jrox{Hoirnepnofi rapMoHrrKfl yMeHbuaer orHocureJrbHbleBer'rHrrHrrbr
ocra,'rbHbrxfapMoHrrr(. B crarre [9] onacaHa r4TepaurroHrrafl rrpou,eAypa,Koroparr Aaer r{a ria}KAoM [rare Bce 6o,tee 6rusriyio aIIi]poKCrrMarIHro
K HCrilHHo],1y
u,eHrpotrAypflAa roqer(, pacI]or'lox<eHHbrxBAo!'rbnepIIMeTpa o6t,exra Tar{, qTo cooTBeTcTBy}oxIHe
irM paAuycbr o6pa3yror paBHbrcyfdrr,r
IIpeo6pasoBarr4fl rrpflMoyi'o/'rbHoirorcrenrn
xoopAuHar B noJ I f l p H y I oA a r o r < < p a 3 B e p r r ( y3>a M K n y r o r o K o H r y p a ( p u c . 5 . 3 7 ) . M e ro4u o6rruHoro aHar'r[sa @ypre oqeBHAHo npHMeHnMbI AJrrr Hepa3BepHyrort QurypEr.
-l

I(ax H s o6Hr{HoM aHa!'ru3eOyple, ern Bbrpaxeuug MoxHo ynpocrl'Irb: po paBHo HyJIIo,a a0 paBHo cpeAHeMypaALIyCy:
-f-.l
f :

I
MexAy no,rcpHbrMlt r.t AeKaproBbIMu npeAcraBfleHuqMU KOOpArrHar:
KOHryp 3epHa, npelctasneuHltii B IIortpHbl-{ KoopAuHarax; 6 - no;tnpulte
r or apryveurl 0
K o o p A l I H a r b rH a H e c e H buI a r p a Q u x x a i i Q 1 ' H t t L t t t R

Psc. 5.37. SxgusareHrnocrb

4 -

HanouHlrlr, rrro B f.lt. 4 pa3rox{eHue B ps,r, <Dypte 3aIIHCbrBa-

a,,cos(40); pusin(&g),

t
tu"

\-n)

j=r

(s.5s)

:lx,sin
R .!-)

I 2njk \
\r?i

(5.60)

raK, rlro6bl oHII no3Bo3ru ypanueHurrMolKHo rvto4utpuqxpoBarb

JrrJru ltonyqarb pa3,'Io)KeHI{eB psA Oypte !,d'rq3aMKHyrutx cpuryp.
Ec.uu pacnoJro)Kurb KoHubI /, paAlrycoB BAoJIb Bceii oKpy)KHocrt'l
Ha oAIHaKOBOMyAa,'reHIIIrApyf Or Apyfa, ro yfoJl MexAy Ka)KAoI'i
napofi paAuycoB 6yaer paBeH 2nfn. [TozroMy yfoJl or HcxoAHoro
paAnyca Ao i-ro paBeH 2njln. O6osHaqas yfJloBoe HarpaBJIeHIie
i-ro paanyca qepe3 07, a efo I.,JlLlHy9epe3 r; I{ noAcraBJlst Hx B
y p a B H e H r . r (r 5 . 5 9 ) u ( 5 . 6 0 ) , n o r r y q a e M
n

au:4
Kh,/tt

| r;cosftor,

(5.61)

i=L
n

2Fr
^
F
)
' K* : - - ;
R

./-,)
t-L

72

(5.65)

HofO pflAa.

O6uqHo AJrfl riocrpoeHrr 3HeprerlrqecKoro Hntr AHcnepcHoHHoro cneKrpa npuxolurcs xou6uurzpoearl

xoeQQtqxeuru
d Lt P.
3ro nossorqeT fipflMo orlenr4Tr,BKr'raAxaxAofi rapMoHr.rKrin Qoptvry
tfrrrypu. lloc,reAosareJrbHble npu6.nuxeuna aHa,rusupyeuoft Qop\ibr Mo)KHo nocrporaTb c noMoulbro no,I,craHoBKr.l
rioeQQuuHeHToBcc
rr p n ypaBHeHr.re@ypre. flo naepeyBeJrr4qeHlsrrr.rcJra fapMoHnri
rrccJreAyeMar $opua Bocnpou3BoArrrcs co Bce 6o.nuruefi AeraJrbHocrbro, noKa He 6yaer [oJryqeH r.rcxoAHuftoutaQpoBaHuuft o6pas.
3 r o c . n y u a e r c f ln p r r q a c r o r e H a f i x n n c r a , K o r A a k : n - l .
Ha pnc.
5.38 lpeacraBJreHaperioHcrpyr{q[q necquHxn. Hy,rennre fapMoHHlitr Aaror oKpy>KHocrb,ArzaMerp xoroporl paBeH cpeAHeMy AHaMerp-\' HcxoAHoro KoHrypa. 3Aecl nepBaff rapMoHHKa orcyrcrByer,
raK KaK rrecr*rHKa coorBercrByrourriM o6paeou rleHTpr.rpoBaHa
orH o c r r r e r ' r b HcoB o e r o U e H T p o n A a .B r o p a l
rapMoHr.rKa npeBpaxlaer
rrPex{Hro}oper{oHcTp}ripoBaHHyroQopruy B 3drIJI}rilc,
TpeTbfl fapNlourrria go6aBJIfieT Tpeyfod'IbHvroKoMrroHerrTy,qerBepTafl- l(BaApar r r r H y r o K o r \ { n o H e H rH
y r. n. (puc. 5.39).
llponopurra eapnaquii Qoprr.ru, Bbr3brBaeMbrx rrocJre!,oBare!'rbH b r M r . fr a p M o H r . r r ( a M uA,a e T c r r 3 H e p r e T r l q e c K H M
cneKTpoM.o6uqso
14eJIOe qllcd'lO HIi3IIIIIX

/.rSlIlBU;.

(5.64)

3'ru coorHoueHllfl B Tor{Hocrlt raKlre >Ke, KaK coorHoueHnt, AaHlrF,reB npeAbrA)-uII4xpa3AeJIax Ar'rfl cneKTpa AucKpeTHoro BpeMeH-

ll

2tiky
aK, R. -/ _-_1J r- \ ' F ' c o s 1

Au:{{*8,
(Dr:arctg
(t)

(,-r58)

l p u q e M x o : Q Q l r u u e H r b tH a x o A n , r u c bn o Q o p u y l a u
9r

(5.63)

f ;lll.

3rpScxl pa3Mepa Moxer 6url ucx.urorreHI.i3 aHaJru3a AeJreHrreM

BCex paAHycoB Ha cpeAHr.rfipaArrvc, rorAa ao 6yAer BcefAa paBHo
e A H H u r r e .l l o n p n u a u a M , y r i a s a H H b r Mp a H e e , x o e @ Q a u H e H r b Ir r e p eorl rapl,loHrrrru,q,t H Br, AoJrx<HbIpaBHfTbcg Hyd'iloB cJlyllae, ecJIH
paArrycbr l.r3MepfrorcfloT I{eHrpor.rAa.
Kax ronnxo Arrq pqAa rapMoHxK orpeAeJreHbrKooQQHIIIleHTrI
.t H P, IrHrepltperarlurr qrdKJn{trecKofocrreKrpa @ypre npoBoAr..rrcff
iirrar'roruqHouHrepnperaqlau o6nuHofo cneKrpa @ypte. Aunlnry-lLr (tra3oBbrxyrnoB noJIflpHbrx fapMoHHK Mo>xHo Bbrpasr4Tbqepe3
iiolrp$HqueHru tDypre:

"TIOCb B BI.TAC

f :

\
^A

(5.62)

faDX,iOHHK VTIHTbIBaeTCfl n[!fl

IIOqTi]

BCeX

eapHaquii ilpocrblx Sop*, raKrrx, KaK npoeKqIIHKoHTypoB3epclr

rrecKa (pnc. 5.40). Br'rcuue fapMoHaKrr orpaxalor Bce 6o.nee
Me"rrKteAeTaJrHxoHTypaH noroMy HcnoJrb3yloTcr
ceAHMeHToJIota73

o r\
e>p
rl

r\

tl

l+l

l+l

\_/

\_/

t'l
\-/

\/

6
/)

Q-(

t\

(*l

(+(

./\
/\

l+l

\\/. /
\ , \-/
/

Fuc. 5.39. CpanueHueoqusposaHno

ro xoHrypa necqr{Hxr.r
(a) c nynenofi rapmosl.rxoii xlu oKpyx{Hocrbn cpeAHeropaAuyca (6) u c KoHrypoM,nocrpoeHHbrM
no
Iltec Tll rapuontxam (a)

(*l

\l

\,

0,,0[I

\_/

6
/\

(.)
\__/

siliil
sll

/)
\

*(

\1
\_/

\/

4-

._\

l+)
\ , -\--rl
/

t1
1+l
\t

Puc. 5.40. Cnexrp oquSponannofi

necqHHxH, npe,qcraueHuofi Ha
puc. 5.39

\_,/

..[/]z

>K
/t/\'"

/\
/\

\+)
\/
\__,/

"L- !I
tl

*'''[iiii
frLl

/(

\+\
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\-./

pnc. 5.38. BoccraHos.leHue QopUur necql4HKtl C noMOlIIbn noncpHbtx prAou <Dypre:

rapMoHItKa (c.lera), Bropatl rapMoHllKa nJIo9 oKlylKHocTb' coorBerc-Bropafl
(ueHrp), KyMyIqrHBHatl
crsvrculin cpeAHc\Iy paArlycy, u,lr.t HyJreB3r f apMoHlrKa
- coorBerclBeHHo TpeTbt, uerBepTafl, flqratl
c y : * r r n ar a p i v o l r r r x ( c n p a e a ) ; 6 - d
Ir uecTaq rapMoHHK]l

,L,'_Ll
r.rhcno

aapvorrrt

\rrr KaK MepbrnoBepxnocrHoftor(pyfJrocrt.r.

fonopnr, qro BbrcrlrHe
f apMoHriKH
KoHTypoB
3epeHr(Bapr{aoTpax{arorrrpoHcxoxAeHHe
uJltr
rrcropHroltepeHoca(vuorae pa5-ornrua 3ry reMy urrrrrpyrorcri
3prnxorvr,EpaynonaH flpyc61a [26.]), oAHaKorat<afl,HHreprperaquq qacreri clleKrpa rpe6yer ltpeAocropox<nocreri.
Craugapr.Huc
<Dypne or{eHb Berr1tig u trlieoTIi!'toHeHHfl oIIeHoti xo:QQlrqgcuroo
ro'f roT >xe rropflAoK, rn'o r.r crar\{rrorIeHKH. Bucruze
fapMoHHrill
lioHTypoB 3epeH HMetoT orleHb H113i{)rrccTeIIeHb BJtRflHHt, B03lv{O}KHo, Ha rqrb u,rII 6o.lee ncpi;t.lrroB Hl.ttl<c c.TcileHil BjilIgHHfi HIJ3IIIItx
f apMoHHK. O4Horo B3fr'tFAa Ha craHAaprrlute orr(d'toIleHl{fl jt,ocratorrHo, qro6ot nolrrirb, rrro In,t I{eirL3rr lrpuAaBarb 6onluroe 3Haqerrrie. Io6anHM
K 3ro[iy, rrro rTo)Kr]L.re
:Srpexru
iraia6o,ree aprio
B b l r i a ) K e H b rn p r . r B b t c o K r . r x : { a c T o T a x . q T o 3 : ' T p y l l H r I C T O n p c A e . r r e H r r t '
r.{c rtr i-irJbtx cfl er(Tp a,rbllttx eH a.IeHuri.
f l o . l n p n o e n p e o 6 p a : o n a H n e @ y p r e r r p H N { e } r u h l r rop a H e r . i G l o D L , r x
, ) r l . ) a r r r i q e i l l i t r , u a i i 6 0 , ' i c c c i l i I L F r L I i , { r r 3 r i o T C p b I X f f B J I f i ei - c r i o . t i { o qro paAlryc,
ririrrtH0crb aHa.rir3lip\ievofo I{o}trypa. 3ro 3Haqnr,
ril)oBeAerrHbrrl xs qeHrpouAa, .{oJtx<eH nepeceKaTb nepr.rMeTp jrHIxb

xpeMHnePxc, 5.48. Kouryp HaxoHeqHHKa

aofi crpeau nosAneronaJreoJIHTa:
s o6blqHoN{
o - Qeprrla, npeAcraB,'IeHHas
sule; 6 -npeo6pasonague, cocrotlqee Bo
apauleHrru no,toBltHbr $urypu BAo,'IbocI'I
CUMMETPHII

Pnc. 5,41. Ilpruepu Sopu, roropue HeJrb3saHalr.r3upoBa?b

c nououlbro no.rcppaAnycoB:
Horo MeroAa @ypre ra-ea HaJrlrqllqABysHaqHHx
qacrn Taxoro oKeana;6-npoexqtx
a- 6eperonafl JrLtrr1fl.
aro,'Lla B rleuTpa,'rbnofi
KoHoAoHTaLigonodina; 6-KoHTyp rpannrrnofo nJryroga s Ioxuoft qacru OHTapBo

6
180
90

-90

r e p n p e r n p y e M b l M ,T a K K a K 3 A e C b [ e p e M e H H a f Y u e p a c c r o q H H e ,
a npupaueHfie yfd'ra. 3ro n aHaJlofnqHblenpeo6pasoBaHl,lflo6cyx-

- 180

A a r o r c rnr I l a l .

Pnc. 5.42. flpeo6pasonanuequ$ponux KoopAr{HarB yrJtoBbreorKroHen[c:

a - [prMble nuHIiH npeAcra.B"r.glor
co6ofi annpoKcr.rMarrulo,
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Haq Ha ocHoBaHLru celicuuqecxux
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pnc. 5.100 (6). 3aurpuxonaHu n,noulagxn,
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3 O B a H r : l l l xn a p a : l I e T p o B p a 3 M e p a q a c T I ' l U
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l l l . r r r r c n o . r r b : J o B i j H3r rTror r o r { e r o - l a r r o r , v r B o 3 H u l i u y r b i l e K o r o i)rit.-'rii.trpyJ'ricHirq.Bo-nepnux, oueHKu I tnrorxnoro,rryqllTb .rIIt[lb

il.'rir ir[icrrr siraqeiirrii rre]ie\{eIIHoiiY. Ec,ru r{oppe.[lqnr] Me]r(ay X L{
) l t n u c o r i a a , T o n p r i n o A C T a H o B r ( co q e r r i n Y l , n o r 1 ' rB o 3 l { r . r K r t v r b
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D3 paccrrorpernn) f58l

3. Armstrong Xl., labin R. Variogram models must be posiLive-deiinite.

, .455-459.
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2tj8 p.
pacnpeAereltulMil npocrpatrcrBeHHofi
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itila,llI3v)>.

5 . ' B a l s c i r c l . et .t S t a t i s l i c a ln r e t h o d si o r t h e a r r : i l y s i so f p r o b i e l r r si n a t r u t r t a l
o r i e n t a t i o n a r r , - ic e r t a i n b i o l o g i c a l r h y i h n t s . A n t e r i c a n I n s t i t u i e o i B i o l o g i c a l
. a s h i l g t o n , D . C , 1 9 6 5 ,5 7 p .
S c i e n c e sr l i o n o g r a p h W
6 . B e n . n e i . t - 1 1S
. 7p. a t i a it i r n e s e r " i e sa,n a l y s i s - i u r e c a s t i n g - c u r r t r o iP. i o l l L t d . ,
L ( ) 1 r L l o r1,9 7 9 ,6 7 4 p .
i i , r E c i r u l . . , ri i I J I i I C B L ; f U C r : C U U u r!i i i l p u - i j ' : l : l f i D . l l H t ) l iu - \ i C H l l l i r o - i l l . i ) - i e \ ' : ; p l l
il:tclrt'I c l1),liii 3pcxiij.I I!.:laccllllecl{(jfo illlJl.ijl3a iljru\lellHLlx iJfliloB.

'i.
Spaiiai anal.'sis,a reailer jn st:itl:,'.ilri
itcrrg Li.J. L., ,'v)arbleD. lr. (e11s.).
, 12 p.
, i t g l e t l o o dC i i f i s . N . J . , 1 9 d 8 5
g c o g i : : p i t . ,I,r.i t : r ; l i c c - i i : r i li ,i i c : . E
, . O O l H r r I l C l l o ! ' j . r ( r . l ; , . l; o t l l l i X e I J l C i l , i l l ' C | ' T L B ' l l O U { l l i rl : { T e f L c , i J K j : , l e u \ ) - ' 1r3 iilr-{ ll3u.leqcubr liJ He,iiuci}'ilHlt.\ ltcl'otlHuii'Jts.
iirti ii /t.,rri t'eotp:r(lire. IlHofile
q;. ts.rklLoil G., ,\iansii.citi /1:tri1c cicrr:ci,is. ioilr.
Cotniratibic tt'iargiil:i

, 3 . 1 9 7 4 ,p . 5 3 1 - 5 5 3 .
. , i : , r r : e i r i n i i c,ai n
l a i y s i s a n c iA p p l i c a i i o n s , 4 7N

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r,rei*i,r.)'Ko3qlQriUueHraMu rpeHAa o6ocuoeaHHbr, ec,rrrl A,rfl nocrpoei l 1 1 f i c p a B H r . i B a e M b I Xf r o B e f x H o c l e i i . r f e r r , i a r c n o . r r b 3 o B a . I r u c bo A r r r r f i
i e ) K e B b r 6 o p o q r J b r eA a H r r b r e . I . a l e e , a 6 c o J r o r r r b r e 3 r r a q e H i l f l x o s Q gil[]reHroB pefpeccrrrr rrFroiAa fio,t{Bep)KC}ihlfrr.irbrrhrr.,{
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. v T u q l a r { ' r o p b I o I p a t I L i q t I B a } o T f r p r i M c H r r } J o c T b . I l i l H r r o i ol , { e t . o l l a c 0 a B r r o u H f lr { a p I n o B e p \ r i o c i c i i .

CnHCOK /TIITEPATYPiTI
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| r c r e n c c t o i { s u s c s i n e c o n o m i c s c. a m b r i d g e u n i v . p r e s s c a m b r i d g e ,
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Nrir.Terllarrrriectiilx ilpliHrirriroB, ,[e>Kaqlrx ii (]cHi)iic ii.ll o'

IlclpoOiroe
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200

201

J l e H l r a r < ( f I p o c r P a H C T B e l l l l b l e . . p a c n p e A e ' r e Hlut t c o o r H o [ r e H I l t ) ) ' ] t M e e T H a H 6 o " l b l r l e e

y T O Uf " l a B b l .
o-^"-tA-.
T H O U r e r r nK
e N ' l a r e p t l a , r l3

lV' I''
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observation
lrom clataobtainedby the stereowave
ili'.4 ... as Jetern,ineri
N 6 , 1 9 6 08' 8 . p '
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KOMnbIO,Tepll\l]r'
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Kpatrfur{f! Anfi ttoAc,iera sinacoe. Hecxo,rlro nporpa}IM na OOPTPAHe BKJI}orle-

"H-b I

B TCIiCT,

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4eHufi.XapaxrepeHBbrcoKr.{fi
42. Kaesler R. L., Vaters ,I. .4. Fourier analysis of the osiracode margin.
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43. Kendall M. G., Moran P. A. P. Geometric probability. Hainer Fubl. Co.,
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lnasa 2 Kacaercflpacnpele.rreHufl
ToqeKHa n,rocKocrr.t.
!4.^K.i.ngI _J. Statistical analysis in geography. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engle* o o d C l i f i s ,N . J , 1 9 6 9 2, 8 8 p .
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45. Koch G. S. Ir., Link R. F. Statistical analysis of geological data.
Dover Publications,Inc., New York, 1980,850 p.

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Revielv,6r, N 4. 1970,p. 555-563.
50.'Li f . C. R. Sdatistical inierence, v. 2. Edrvards Bros, Inc., Ann Arbor,
M i c h . . 1 9 6 4 ,5 7 5 p .
perpeccun, Iioropble AonycKalor
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60. l{r//s F. C. Statistical methods, 3rd ed. Holt, Rinehart and Winston,
Nerr York, 1955,p. 842.
6).,\loellering H., Ragner "I. 1y'.Measuretnentof shape in gerjgraphy and
c a r t o g r a p h yO
. s l o S t a t e U n i v . , R e p o r t o f t h e N u m e r i c a lC a r t o g r a p h -Lv a b o r a t o r y ,
N S F G l a n t N o . S O C 7 7 - 1 1 3 1 81, 9 7 9 .1 0 9o .
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6 2 . O l c a R . l . O p i i m u m m a p p i n g t e c h n i q u e su s i n g r e d i o n a l i z e dv a r i a b l e
t h e o r l ' .I ( a u s a s G e o l o g i c a lS u n ' e 1 'S e r i c s o n S p , r l i r l A n l l v s i s . N 2 , 1 9 7 5 ,1 3 7 p .
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l u r v e v G r o u n d \ \ I a i e r S e r i e s ,N 7 . 1 9 8 2 .7 3 p
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64. Rauner ,I. .&t.An introduction to spectral anali'sis. Pion Ltd., London.
1 9 7 1 . 1 7 4p .
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66. Robinson "f. E. Computer applications in petroleum geologv. Hutchin.
s o n R o s sP u b l C o , N e g , Y o r l < 1
, 9 8 2 ,1 6 4p .
3.revenrapuaa KHrra, flocBqlleHnaao6pi6orrie Sali.nosHeSrnuux AaHHbrxfi MeToAarr naprrrpoBagr.rq.
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rfu.lrrpalrull67. Roblnson I E., Charlesaortlt H. A. K., Eltis M. "I. Siructural analvsis
u s i n g s p a t i a l f i l t e r i n g i n i n t e r i o r p l a i n s o f s o u t h - c e n t r aAl l g e b r a .B u l l . A m e r i c a n
Assoc.Petroleum Geologists,53, 1959,p. 2341-2367
Onrrc-agne
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-69 Sanpsoi R. /. The SURFACE II graphics s),stem.in Davis J C. and
I ' l c C r i 1 1 a gM
h J (eds.). Displal' and analtsis of ipaiial data lVilev InterI ondor. 1975,p. 244-266
scncr.r.('.
70 Si/t' .r Siatistici:1Conceptsin Geography.George Allen and Unrvin Ltd.,
L o n d o n . 1 9 7 9 . 2 7 6p .
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1 9 6 9 ,I - 6 9 , 1 0 0 p .
72. slephens M. l. Tesis for randomnessof directions against t,',o ciicular
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, 4 , N A 2 5 , 1 9 6 9 ,p . 2 g 0 _
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73. Stenhens,44.,4. Tests for the dispersion and for the no<Jalvector of a
dislrilrrrtionon a .-.nhere.
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74. Tipper .I c. surface moderling techniques.Kansas Geological Survey
o n S p a t i a lA n a l ' , ' s i 5N, 4 . ! 9 7 9 , l 0 B r r .
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205

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75. Unwin D. Iniroductory spatial analysis. Methuen and Co., Ltd, London,
1 9 8 1 , 2 1 2p .
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76. Uspenshg./. V. Introduction to math6riraticalprobability. McGrarv-Hill.
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78. lValson G. S. Orientation statistics in the Earth sciences.Bull. Geolosical
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79. IYTatsonO. S. Trend-surfaceanalysis. Jour. Int'l Assoc. Mathernatical
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rieqlrbro rr BoAoft.

CnLI COK,'l I4TEPATYPbl

l. Anderberg M. R. Cluster analysis for applications.Academic press.,Inc.,
New York, 1973,359 p.
Knacrepgbtxnpoue,uyp.flprr,roxeuu nporOrru'rxoe fi3,rroxeHneHegepapxuqecKux
paMxu xa @OPTPAHe.
366

2. Anderson T. V. An introduct.ionio multivariate statistical analysis. John

W i l e y a n d S o n s ,I n c . , N e w Y o r k , 1 9 5 8 ,3 7 4 p .
crarucrrr,re14neercRpyccxuft nepeBor: T. Andepcou. Bneleuue B r,rHofoueDHbrii
r.{3"rroxeHrre
craMHoroMepHbrx
cxuir aua,rng.- M.: OlrsMamrrs,1963.ConpeneHuoe
MeroAOB.I2-cratucruria paccMarpuBaeTcr
B r,r. 5, a AscxpuurnarrrTr.rcTuqecKllx
rr3raraeTcrn r,r.6, r.qe oH ua3btBaercrraaccuQrrr<aqrrefi.
Meror r,ra.:lriulriaHa"qllg
paccMarpHBrercrB r.r. 1l u l(oporKo KaK crarrcrt4.recrlriiueHbrx KoMTIoHeHT
ro.'r- Irir c"rp.443-444.
3. Bartlett.M. S. Further aspectsoi the theory of m';liiple regression.Proc.
o i t h e C a n t b r i d g eP h i l o s o p h i c aSl o c . ,3 4 , 1 9 3 8 , 3 3 - 4 0 .
1 . B e n z l c r i I . - P . a o t h . L ' A n a l y s e d e s d o n n 6 e s v, . 2 , L ' A n a l y s e d e s c o r r e s p
s .u n o d ,P a r i s ,1 9 8 0 6, 2 8 p .
' o n d a r r c rD
5 B i l n e n E . , / . C l u s t e r a n a l y s i s- S u r v e y a n d e v a l u r t i o n 6 f l g c h l r i r i n e - s .
Tilburg [,niv. Press.Groningen. The Neiherlancis,1973, I l2 p.
npouelyp.
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B erofi piHuefi pa6ore o6cyx,1:rrorc.a
cBr3r, uelKAy R- tr Q-lreroaavu QaxropHoro
lrHa,rr.r3a.
funoreruqecxurlnpHvep,ncno,lsayevufiA"qr n,q":rocr;tiqrareopelru 3ii- IOHrrr.sgRr rrg srofi I.iHurg.
iraDTa
'
7. BusingerP. A., Golub G. H. Algorithm 358,singilar valiredecourpositioir
o i a c o n r p i e . r n a t r i . r .C o n l l u n i c a t i o n s o l t h e A s s o c . l c , r C , ; t n p u i i n gn l a c h i n e r y ,
i2, 1C69,p. 561-565.
8 . C h i i d D . T h e e s s e n i i a l so f f a c t o r a n a l y s i s .I - l o l t . R i n e h r r i a n d W i n s i i r i
L t d . L o n d o n .1 9 7 0 ,1 0 7p .
MeroIoB, 143l1i!HHbrri
Korlnaxrrtttri o6:op SaxropHoro aua"rtg3an 6,'rr.lgxlrx
B 6y\rzlxttotl Fepen.lere.
I4:.roxegaeHeIIareMarltqecKoe
il oqeHbrroHlrHoe.
L C i a r h S . P . / r . ( e d . ) I l a n d b o c k o i P h y s i c a l C o n s t a n t s .C e o l . S o c . A m e rica. Merir.,97. 1966,587p.
1 A . C l i l l o r d H . 7 . , S t e f e n s o nl Y . A n i n t r o d u c t i o nt , r , i t : n r r r i c acJl a s s i l i c a l i o n .
AcaelernicPress,Inc., Nelv York, 1973,229 yt.
Touxr:lpenliit Snolora Ht t{.'lltcreplrbrii
aHrli.i: H !pyfue luoue-l!,pblx.,ucoH0Hi<at1rlu.i-"ranaB (o uarprrrlax cxo4crna) u rJaBa l3 (v113;e11spHr,ril
ani.rrle) npelcraB"IIfl]or
oco6brrltrHTepec.
l l , C c o ! 9 y W . I V . , L o h n e s P . R . M u l t i v a r i r t e C a t a f t n : 1 j v s i sJ.o h n W i l e y a n C
^
S o n s ,I n c . . N e r v Y o r k , 1 9 7 1 ,3 6 4 p
H:rpn5y cc \tHot'11l1Ir,apJ'ruvH
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trrIpcccux.xrrcl{pHr,rfiHaHrlrr,rx
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raKXe Tciicrbl noAnporpaMuHa OOPTPAHe r{ BbrrjHc.rule",rLtbre
cre:rru pa:Hc.o6p a 3 H h rnx p o u e n y p .
i2 Dat':d M.. Dag('ert Il.. Beauclten
l n Y . S t a t i s | c a 1 : n a l ) s l s i n 'i,
geologr'.
Correspondenceanalysis method. Quart, Colorado Sch. ,\.,lires72, N
1977,

6o p.

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aHa.rrr.r3
coorsercrgllri K HenL)epbrBHbr\{
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Ha reoplur eeporirirocrerl.
llptnog3 @OPTPAHe.
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1 3 . D a u i s / . C . I n f o r m a t i o n c o n t a i n e di n s e d i m e n t - s i z ae n a i v s i s .J o L r r .I n t ' 1 .
A s s o c M a t h e r n a t i c aG
l e o l o g y ,2 , N 2 , 1 9 7 0 ,p . 1 0 5 - 1 1 2 .
3xcnepuneara,rr,nnerauHr'ie no oca4r<au6acceiiHa6aparaprl, paccMorperrlrr)r(l
s Hacrorulefi rr'raBe.83flTrrr.rgaroii xttnru.
l-4. Draper N. R., Smith t1. Applied regressionanall;si5,2nd ed. John \lrilev
a n d S o n s ,I n c . . N e w Y o r k , 1 9 8 1 ,7 0 g p .
hveercq p-yccr,ailrepeBon: npeilnep H., Cnur f. f.Ipuraa4noi perpeccuoHunfi
- M., @nnaHcr,r
auaJ'rrr3.
H crarr.tcrrrKa,
1987._ T. I n 2.'
15.
Echart C., Young B. The approximation of one matrix by another of
.
I - o w e r a n k . P s y c h o m e t r i k a1, , N 3 , 1 9 3 6 ,p . 2 l l - 2 1 8 .
Oyn4aueuraarxan pa6ora o cBfl3uR- n Q-uero,qoaQaxropuoro aHaJru3a,

367

Holland'
ior nlultivariate data North
16.Eoerilt B. S. Graphical techniques

*.*,).fr;/|/u,*.t,11{r;. precision
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runctions.
ot tliscr-iurinant
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t'' t?{o}'f,',t'R-t'nu"uo'orvol sedinrentarv
rocks'4th ed' Hemphiil's'
ttt'
rJ'ataanalvsisoI tnultivariate
R lielhotls f ur st?iislical
,'r1o?j,,1,0;'rlri;,r,
N e r vY o r l i ' 1 9 7 7 '3 l l p ' '

30. Iardine .\t., SlDsonR. Matliematicaltaxonomy,John Wiley and Sons,

L t d . ,L o n d o n 1, 9 7 12, 8 6p .

i\{eroAut K!'lacrepHofoaHarfi3a tl li,raccu$rrxaqilrrpaccMarplrBa]orcrc trcloJtb3oBar r r c . r e s H oTIai K i . K H H r er l M e e r c Ru e s H u i i c . r r o B a prbe p \ r r . l H o' B

s r r e u o 6 o s u a q e u u iB
c ull o \l IIli.

Jl. Jolmson Ii. 11. On the theorenrstated by Eckart and Young. Psychometrilia, lB, N 3, 1963,p. 259-263.
Teope\I
br 3rirapra - Ioura.
n'l:rreuurrrqectioe
Aor(a3iiTe,:rbcrllo
32. lnreskog r\. G. l.acir-,ranalysis by least-sqLrares
and maximunr-likehood
r r r c t i r o d si n
, E n s l e i n K . a n d o l h e r s ( e d s . ) S t a t i s t i c a lm e t h o d sf o r d i g i t a l c o m p u t e r s , v . 3 , J o h n W i l e y a n d S o n s ,I n c . , N e w Y o r k , 1 9 7 7 ,p . 1 2 5 - 1 5 3 .
flo.ruoe ri3.'ro)KeHH,
lloBe;leHHoe
Ao aitropnrl{a <(}rcrunHoro>
R-lreroAa Qax.iopno-

jS'"f:if ";To;5."$K:.*^'#li'l,it:
'-ijfii;l;.**::.tti;t;g;:im,U:;

o b s e r v a t i u r t sJ .t h i r \ \ ' i t c 1 ; ; ; ' 3 " " * ' ' l " c

mct'ods
;;bili-ll:,Ji;'i:%iT;l,l',iutun"plg!"'il"^,ot
roor-and'vcctor
latent
aXil*;"?,"'*f:y;f';*l;,ln"u.''X;,',',,'.;?:i,
rrrurtivari-rte
, Meroro\r
u,.,t-r,i
PrccntarPuelercq /IBouc

''',"ii.'i)iii?t],iit']l

sedithe.petrologv^oi
c' ^lv"'N\otlelling
^detrital
t, "ondrtch
in thc earth sciences'
i'"

rrrnts. Itt: )\erricttt u

i9l f -C."'t'ut;t' apIlicutiirrs

fu aH::.lHJa, unllCilllHOrO ts 3Tolt t.taBe.

33. ldreskog K. G., Klouan l. E., Regment R. A. Geological facior analysis.

E l s e v i e rP u b l . C o , A u r s l e r d a r n1, 9 7 6 ,i 7 8 p .

p1 h,'trt'1t1retr',t 1e\r, riTo ililIel)ec)eTcB npullelteH:tert

aHitJtll3a K peQaxropHolo
ueHrro feo,rroruqecriirx sa1ar. Anrop He 3arpyAurret
ce6r entcKa3brBaurreM ,vHegxir

o5 otttocrte,li'ltoti ueuuocrrrrex H.rluLIHblx\{eronoB.

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pututi' Hao6urecrseH"'''
Pes1..lr,r_a,ru
rrcc.rerlonauuaApeHrapyrcuxxcereri ua nnoulaArrx e eocroqHofi qactn
rurnraItanucau,,
iiiy"l;,i,iil,:t;ll::'il:t'l;t;;:il':
Illrara l\eHT]:r$iH,xpoBereHHbrxcryAerrrar.ln-feo.rroraMH
npriltteHIlllL'l u K feo'1orlltlecfi
r'lepe "
p*"oii
u reorpatpalru. K.raccsr
6lt;rtt ,locraroquo 6o,,rluului, qTo no3BoJrr,'to
"'^
co6parl o6urupuueAilugrte no oile.
paqrroHHbt\{
oulr6xalr, a r:rrixe 6o,lsuroerio,rllqecrBoIaHHbrx no caMoMynpeA.
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3
9 . .Lawleg
L g r o l e rrD.
y. N
au:r.,rn:
83'r1/.. ' IThe
he e
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s t i m a t i o no
off ffactor
a c t o r lloadinss
o a d i n g sb y t h e r r e t h o d o i m a x i .
K,i..,"puoiri
il6"d#Xii;:i?t.iJr"iJ?rrHbre,
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64-82.
-lllaxwell
A e p x ( l l r M I { O fo I I l l c " l e H H
tell A
A.. E.
E. F
actor a
Ficior
analysi
n a l l ' s i s a s a s t a t i s t i c a lm e t h o d .
or concdotrt
^ .40. L-aaleg D. ,N.,
enterpretation
F
r.'
tr:Y:::,?l"o;'n
2 n d e d . ,B u t t e r w o r t ha n d C o ., . L t d ., L o n d oonr r. 1, 9 7 1 .,I 5 3 rp
"u it"i;;':;;i"';
n?.u^':':n"ntal
I,lr,reercq
pyccxHfinepeBoA:,Aog,ruf,., Marccee,ta
l. @arrropnuiiaua.lltgr(ar(cravrurv6rJr-'l "-r
a
s
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0
c
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'
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u
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c
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tltctttqecxuri IteroA. M., Mup, 1960. B sroii uoporxoli woHorpaQrruerr<ropHufr
I(artsas. BUil Arrrericall
aHa.lr3 lr3roxell He3aBr.rcurlo
or ero recHoricBr3lr c ncuxo.rroruerri.
oco6eHnouHreton
c u l t i v a l i a t et t t e t h " d '
y s ' sA- n e g ) e c t em
pecHsruo4po6uopaso6panuuerpr.rMepbr.
, u H i u A I .o . c o r r e s p o r d e n caen a l''?.3'
p
34u-rD+'
1974'
3'
N
4 1 . L e b a r t L . 44..,, M o r i n e a uA . , l Y / a r a i c hK . M . , M u l t i v a r i a t ed e s c r i p t i v es t a t i s Jour. Roval Stat sotl'Seii,C' Appt',9t3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,t
2 T . H i r s c h I c I d i . , o . n , c o n i e c t i o J/'
n n e1935'
t w e p'
e n520.-524
' c o ' ' e I a i i r , n ^ . a n d c o n t i n g e t t c yt 'i c a l a n a l yv s i s J. o h n W i l e yv a n d S o n s .I n c . ,N e r . vY o r k , 1 9 8 4 , 2 3 1p
'
'
llepeaoa QpaHqyscroroirsxauua, B (oropoM u3loxeH aHa"ru3coorBercrBrle,p a 3 '
Proc.oI the Cambrid'gt"pr'iiit"prtit'r'Soc
prospecdata analysisin geochetnical
and
errrotriBeusexpu.
i'
O.
Hoaarth
ttl'i-tiltjstics
28.

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47. llaron ,4i. "i. l\unrelical Analysis. A practial approach. tr'l,clliliair Publ.
Co., Inc, Nerv York, 1982, 471 p.
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50. ivlcQueen,I. Some nreihodsfor classification and a n a l y s i so l r r u l t i v a r i a t e
observations.5th Berl<eleyS1'mposiumon .Nlathematics.S t a t i s t i c sa n c i P r o b a b i l i t y , 1 , I 9 6 7 , p 2 8I - 2 9 8 .
57. Morrison D. F. trlultivariate statistical methods. 2 n d e d . n l c G r a t ' - H i 1 l ,
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55. Potter P. E., Shimrs N. F., lVitters ./. Trace elenienis in nrarine and
freslr-rvateragrillaceoussediments.Geochimicaet Cosmcchimica.Acta.,27, 1963,
669-694.
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, Z Z , N S pD, p C ,DF T , U p A
C

c.
c

INITIALIZE
CONSOLEI/O UNITS

ta _ n

INf]'IALIZEFILEVO UNITS

C
J4=0

J6=0

C.,, SET T,IAXMATRIXDIMENSIONS

I.IAXR= s0
MAXC= 50
CALL INITTS
cALL TNOUT(0,tOP,KOP,MAXR,MAXC)
VALL

VLUN

wRITE(16,200)
200 FORMAT(i/ STAT - Version1.S,,
1 / (C) Copyrightby TerrasciencesInc. 1992,,
1 / i ' T h i s p r o g r a mp r e s e n i sa s a m p l eo f t h e S t a t i s t j c ,a l
1 /' proceduresdescribedin "Statisticsand Data Analysis,,
1 i' in Geology"by John C. Oavis,)
TllCALLDATE
1 0 1C A L LC L E A R
wRtTE(t6,204)
2 0 4 F O R M A T ( t / t , 1 S X ., ' ', M a i n M e n u c t O p t i o n s
1/i' Option Description',
1/1,4X,"t--- Data Entry,,
1 1,4X,'2--- ElementaryStatistics,,
1 /,4X,'3 --- Matrix Operations',
1 /,4X,'0 --- Exit Stat and Returnlo DOS',
'll/,'
Enter Option Number:,)

376

7-

1 0 8 O A L LI B E A D ( 1 , K O P , l 0 5 ' l o 5 , l 0 5 )
rF(LZ.LT.o
0A
) L Lc L E A F
l F ( L Z . L T . 0G)O T O1 11
sT
rF(KoP.EO.0
) oP
r F ( K O P . E O) .C1 A L LD A T E N T
CALLCLSALL
IF(KOPEQ,1.AND.LZ.LT.O)
r F ( K O P . E O .G
1 )O T O1 0 1
t F ( K O P . E O .G
2 )O T O1 0 0
r F ( K O P . E O .G
3O
) T O1 0 2
c A L l -l f . l v L l D ( 1 )
G O T O1 O B
1J CC A L LC L E A R
wRITE(16,201)
2 0 1 F C R N 4 A T ( / , 1 5 X ,E' ' l e m e n l a r yS t a t i s t r c s l " 4 e n uo i O p t i o n s
1 / / 'O p t i o n D e 3 c r i P i l o n "
1 l l , 4 X , ' 1- - - U n i v a r i : t eS l a t i s t i c sa n d O n o - S a r n p l te
1 1 , 4 X , ' 2- - - B i v a r i a t eS t a t i s t i c s ' ,
1 t , 1 X , ' 3- - - L i n e a t R e g i e s s i c n ' ,
1 /,4X,'4 --- Oil lVay Analysiso{ \'3rlance'
1 1 , 4 X , ' 5- - - T w o W ? y A n a l y s i so f V a r i a n c e '
1 i , 4 X , ' 0- - - R e l u r nt o M a i n M e n u o f O p l i o n s '
')
1ll,' Enl.etOption Number:
1c e c A l - ' . -I R E A D ( 1 , 1 O P , l 0 5 , l o 5 , l o s )
tF(rJ.LT.o)GOTO 101
) A L Ll l ' l v l l D ( 1 )
r F ( i o P . L T . 0 . o!Ro P . G T . sC
. 5t)T O 10 9
i f / t c P . L T . o . o R . l o P . G TG
o)GOlO 101
rF(tcF.EQ
GOTO1C3
.102 CALLCLEAR
wRiTE(16,202)
2 0 2 F O n l ' 4 A T ( / , 1 5 X , 'f -l a t i i x O p . i a t i o n s M e n u o f O p l i c n s
1//'Option DescriPlion',
1 / 1 , 4 X , ' 1- - - P r i n t O u t a M a t r i x ' ,
1 1,4X,'2--- A.ddTwo Matrices',
1 1,4X,'g--- MultiplyTtro lvlatrices',
1 1 , 4 X , ' 4- - - M u l l i p l ya l \ 4 a t r i xb y a C o n s t a n t "
1 1 , 4 X , ' 5- - - I n v e r l a M a t r i x "
1 / , 4 X , ' 6- - - T r a n s P o s ea M a t r i x ' .
fi x ' ,
1 /,4X,'7 --- Compute Eigenvatuesanci Vectorsoi S)'rtmetricl , I, r t
Options"
--'
of
Menu
Returnto Main
1 /,4X,'0
')
1 / / ' E n t e rO p t i o nN u m b e r :
11 OO A L LI R E A D ( 1 , l o P , l o 5 , l o 5 ' l o 5 )
GOTo 101
tF(LZ.LT.0)
l F ( l o P . L T . 0 . o R . l o P . G TC. 7A)L LI N V L I D ()1
GOTO110
lF(loP.LT.0.oR.loP.GT.7)
1
0
1
G
O
T
O
rF(roP.EO.0)

) P= 1
1 0 3r F ( K O P . E Q .J2O
JO
t F ( K o P . E o . 3 . A N D . l o P . E) Q
. 1P = 1
D l.'(l l o P . G E . 2 . A N D . l O P . L E
JO
. 3P) =
) 2
tF(KOp.EQ.3.A
t F ( K O P . E o . 3 . A N D . l o P . G.E' O
. 4P)= 3
cALL lNouT(JoP,loP,KoP,i4AXR,MAXC)
l F ( L zc 8 . 0 )c o T o 1 1 2
3OOCALI.CLSALL
t F ( K o P . E a . 2G) O T O1 o o
G O T O1 0 2
- 1C) T O9 5
1 1 2r r : ( J O P . E Q .G
l F ( l ( O P . E O .G
3 )O T O1 0 4
CALLCLEF\R
G o T o ( 1 , 1 0 ,51, 2 0 , 2 s ) , l o P
10 4 G O T O ( 3 0 , 3 5 , 4 0 , 4 5 , s 0 , s 5 , 6 0 ) , l O P
1 CALLVARIAN
GOTO99
1 OC A L LB I C O R
GOTO99
1 5 C A L Li ! N F I T
GCTC alr
2 0 C A L LC T I E O V
GOTO99
25 CALL TWOVa
GOTO99
30 CALL pRtNTM(l,Crv,i,lJRC,NCC,MAXR,MAXC)
cALLPAUSE(2;
GOTO99
3s CALL ADDM(Alv1,
Blvl,CM,NRA,
NCA,f\,tAXR,MAXC)
GOTO97
40 CALLMMULT(AM,BM,Ch,1,NRA,NCA,NCB,MAXR,MR
AX
.iC
J A, M
XA
C ., X
MAXR,MAXC)
GOTO97
45 CALL Cf','lU
LT(AM,CONST,CM,N
RA,NCA,MA.XR,MAXC)
coTo 97
s 0 C A L LM t N V ( A M , C M , N R A , M A X R , D E T )
cct.o 97
s5 cALt- N.lTRANS(AM,C
M,NRA,NCA,
tv{AXn,
t"lAXC)
GO]-O:r7
60 c \r-L FtcENJ(At"4,CM,NRA,MAXB)

c
c,.,
c

CLOSEI/O FILES

s 7 t F ( r z . c E . OG
) O T O1 1 3

coTo 3oo

1 1 3r F ( K O R F O . E O .G
' KO) T O9 4
R E W I N DJ 4
C A L LI C L O S E ( J 4 , 1 )
34 rF(JOP.EO.3)
GOTO98

OFINPUT/OUTPUT
JOP'TYPE
C...DETERMINE

Jt

367

GOTO114
s9 |F(LZ.GE.o)
GoTo 300
GOTOs8
114lF(KORF.EO.'K')
J5
REWIND
oALLlcLosE(Js'1)
GOTo102
DET'EQ'O'O)
98rF(KOP.EO.3.AND.lOP.EQ.5'AND
GOTo96
lF(KOP.Eo.3.AND.loP.GE.2)
GOTOs5
lF(lPBT.Eo.'N')
J6
REWIND
o A L Ll c l o s E ( J 6 ' 1 )
s s I F ( K O P . E OG. zO) r o 1 0 0
G O T O1 0 2

c
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

.\

(:

STCREEIGENVALUES

FNAI,{E='EIGENVAL.DAT'
oALLFILOPN(1,20'FNAME)
w R I T E ( 2 0 , ' )N R A , 1
o o 1 0 7 l = 1, N R A
wRlrE(20,')AM(l,l)
107CONTINUE
20
RE\^/iND
oALLlcLosE(2o'1)
W R I T E ( 1 6 , 2 OFBN)A M E
now stored as a columnvectol"'
2oB FORMAT(/'The eigenvaluesare
',A16)
f in lile
CALL PAUSE(2)
GOTo 102
END

a7R

l/O OPTIONS
JOP = 0 : INITIALIZE
1 I/OOPTIONSFOR ELEMENTARY
STATAND PRINTh4
2 . INPUTTWO MATRICES
3 ' I N P U TO N EM A T R I X

c
SUBROUIl NE !NO UT(JOP,lOP,KOP,t\,1
AXR,t"1
AXC)
c o M M o N / t o L U N /t 5 , t 6 , J 5 , J 6 , J 4
C O M N 4 Oi N
I O N A TK
/ ORF,MON,IPRT.KORFO
C H A R A C T E R 'K1O R F , M O N , I P R T , K O R F O
c o M M o N / N 4 A T QA/ N (4s 0 , s 0 ) , B (M5 O , s O )N
, Cl ( s 0 , s o ) ,
1 NRA,NCA,NRB,NCB,NRC,NCC,CONST
COMMON/NAMEF/FNAME
C H A R A C T E R ' 1F6N A M E
coMi.4oN /DATtM/TDATE(8),tTt[4E(s\
CHARACTER',I
IDATE,ITIME
c o M M o N / T L C /S \ / ( 2 0 )L,Z , L U , Z11, 2 2 2 , D
11 , D 2 2N, Z Z N
, Sp ,Dp c . DF T .r Jp A
coMMoN /ASC/ IALPHA(961
C H A R A C T E R 'I1A L P H A

MATRICES
.. WRITEOUTSOLUTION
s6 wRITE(16,20s)
')
matrixC:
205 FORMAT(i'Enter na!-'? of file to store
CALLFNRDIN(FNAh4E)
GOTO 300
rF(LZ.LT.0)
C A L LF I L o P N ( 1 , 2 o , F N A | ' 4 E )
) RC,NCC
. w R I T E ( 2 0 , 'N
D o 1 0 5l = 1, N R C
w R I T E ( 2 0 , ' )( c L { ( l , J ) , J = 1 ' N c c ) r
1 0 5C O N T I N U E
20
REIVIND
cALL lcLosE(20'1)
w R I T E ( 1 6 , 2 0F7 N
) AME
Matiix C is now stored in file
207 FORi',|AT(/'
"A16)
CALL PAUSE(2)
rF(loP.LE.6)
l F ( l o P . L E . 6G) O T O1 0 2

I/O DATAOPTIONS
DETERI"4iNE

rF(JOP.EO.o)
ccTo ee
G O T O ( 1 0 2 , 4 0 0 , 4 0 0J)o, P
C
C . . I I . J I T I A L I Z EI / O O P T I O N S

99 KORF = .F'
K O R F O= ' F '
='Y'
N,,10N
I P R T= ' N '
RETURN

c
c...ASK USERFORNATUREOF OUTPU]
c
1 0 2C A L LC L E A R
wR/TE(t6,225)
225 FORMAT(/'SELECTOUTpUTOpTtoNS,.//)
1 0 0w R t T E ( t 6 , 2 0 0 )
200 FOR|.4AT(/'
Outputresullsto monilor y' rr N: ,)
cALL AREAD(2,J05,KOs,tO5,tO5)
r F ( L Z . t T . 0R) E T U R N
MON = TALPHA(JO5)
l F ( M O N . E O . ' yM' )O N= ' Y '
l F ( N / O N . E Q . 'M
n 'O) N= ' N '
r F ( M O N . N E . ' y ' . A N D . M O N . NCEA. ,LNL)t N V L t D1)(
r F ( M O N . N E . ' y , . A N D . M O N . NcEO. T
, NO) 1O O

379

101WRrTE(|6,201)
')
201 FORMAT(/Output rsultslo file - Y or N:
lOs,lOs)
cALL AREAD(2,J05,KOs,
rF(LZ.LT.o)
RETUFIN
rPRr - TALPHA(JOs)
l F ( l P R T . E A . ' yI P' )R T- ' Y '
l F ( l P R T . E Q . ' InP' )R T- ' N '
t F ( t p R T . N E . ' Y ' . A N D . l P R T . NCEA' ,LNL'|,N) V L T D)( 1
NT) .GNO
tF(lpRT.NE.'Y',.ArJD.|PR
ET. O1 0 1

c
AFiEREQUESTED
OPTIONS
c... OPENVOF!I.ESIFTI-{OSE
c
CALLCLEAR
wRrTE(r6,226)
226 FORMAT(/'SELECTINPUT/OUTPUIFILES'/4
rF(KORF.EO.'F',)
GOTO301
J5=0
GOTO3s0
C
,,. OPENINPUTDATAP1LE

301J5=2
wRrTE(i6,202)
202 FORMAT(/'Enter name of irtjut dala file: ')
CALLFNRDIN(FNAME)
rF(LZ.LT.o)
RETURN
cALL FTtOPN(0,J5,FNAME)
IF(LZ.LT.O)
RETURN

r:... OPENOUTPUTFILE

NE' )T U R N
3 s o r F ( r P R T . E O . 'R
wRITE(t6,205)
2 1 5 F O R M A T ( lE n l e t n a m oo f o u t p u tf i i e :' )
C A L LF N R D I N ( F N A M E )
I F ( L Z , LO
T )R E T U R N
C A L LF I L O P N1 (, J 6 , F N A M E )
C

WRITEOUTDATEAl.iDTIN'lE

c
w R r T E ( J 6 , 2 2r4D) A T Er T I M E
2 2 4 F O R M A T ( / / , S T A T P r o g r a mO u t p u t '
1 l l, D a l e , B A 1, / T r m e 5 4 1, l / t \
REIURN

c
n
a

380

INPUTONEOR TWO MATRICES

4 O Ol o P M l = l o P - 1
CALLCI-EAR
loPMl
GOTO (41,42,43,44,45,46)'
41 wFITE(16,206)
2 0 6 F O R M A T ( /M A T R i XA D D I T I O N :A + B = C ' , / / )

GoTos0

42 WRlTfi(16,2C7)
MULTIPLICATION:A' B = C',//)
tu'iATFllX
207 FORl.1;r'T(i'
GOTO50
43 wRITE(16,208)
208 FOFIIAT(/ h/ULTIPLYMATRIXBY CONSTANT: CONST' A = C',r)
wRlTEii5,204)
')
Entei'value for constanlCONST:
204 FCRL'1AT(/'
cALL R;rEAD(1,coNST,AOs,AO5,AO5)
IF(LZ.LT.R
OE
) TURN
GOTO50
44 wRITE(16,209)
2 0 9 F O R M A T ( /M A T R I XI N V E R S I O N :l n v e r s eo f A = C ' , / , ' )
GOTO s0
45 WRtrE(i6,210)
210 FCP.I'lAT(/N{ATRIXTR.',.i.iSPOSlTiON:
Transposeof A = C',//) r
GCTO5J
4 6 \ a l ; l ' E { i , 3 , 211)
211 FOFMA"''i/EIGENVAL,UES
AND EIGENVECTORS'//,
1i' Computeeigenvaluesand veclors of symmetricmatrix A',
1//' Eigenvalues(in descendingorder) are stored in file',
.i. EICENVAL.DAT',
i//' Correspcndingeigenvectorsare representedby columnsof',
1 ' m a t r i xC ' )
C
C . . . R E A DI N M A T R I XA

c
5 0 K O R ' I C= ' F '

rF(ficRF0.EQ.'K
')= 0
J4
rF(KORF0.EO.',K')
GOTO51
J4=1
wR'TE06,214i
2 1 4 F C R M A T ( /E' n t e r n a m e o f l i l e c o n t a i n i n gm a t r i xA : ' )
CAL: FNIRDIN(FNAME)
lF(u/.LT.0)RETURN
CALL FTLCPN(0,J4,FNAME)
rFrLZ.LT.o)
RETURN
s1 rF(KORF0.EQ.'K)
V/RtTE(16,21
5)
215 FORMAT(/'Enter nunber of rorvsand colurnnsfor matrixA:')
1
READ(J4,"END=s00)
NRA,NCA
lF(NRA.LE.MAXR.AN
D.NCA.LE.MAXC)
GOTO52
57 WRTTE(I6,216)
MAXR,MAXC
2 16 F O R M A T ( /N
' u m b e ro f r o w s ,c o l u m n se x c e e dm a x o f ' , 1 3 , ' b y ' , 1 3 )

331

rF(J4.EQ.1)
REWTND
J4
rF(J4.EO.
1) CALLTCLOSE(J4,1)
rF(Js.EO.2)
REWTND
Js
rF(J5.EO.2)
CALLTCLOSE(J5,
1)
J O P= - 1
cALLPAUSE(2)
RETURN
5 2 D O5 3 t = 1 , N R A
rF(KORF0.EO.'K')
WRITE(t6,21
7) |
( 'n t e rr o w ' , 1 3 ,o' f m a t r i xA : , )
2 1 7 F O R M A TE
R E A D ( J 4 , " , E N D = s( A
00
M)( t , J ) , J = 1 , N C A )
53CONTINUE
lF(KORF0.EQ.'F)
REWTND
J4
rF(JOP.EQ.3)
GOTO54

C . . . R E A DI N M A T R I XB
K O R F= ' F '
rF(KORF.EQ.',K')
Js = 0
rF(KORF.EO.'t
:') GOTOs6
J5=2
wRtTE(t6,21s)
219 FORMAT(/'Enter name of file containingmatrix R . ' \
oALL FNRDIN(FNAME)
rF(LZ.LT.0)
RETURN
cALL FTLOPN(0,J5,FNAME)
lF(LZ.LT.0)
RETURN
56 tF(KORF.EQ.',K')
WRTTE(t6,220)
220 FORMAT(/ Enter number of rows and columnsfor matrix B: ';
READ(J5,',END=5C0)
NRB,NCB
IF(NRB.cT.MAXR.OR.NCB.cT.MAXC)
coTO s7
CHECKCONSISTENCY
OF MATRIXOIMENSIONS
5 4 G O T O ( 7 1 , 7 2 , 8 0 , 7 3 , 8 0 , 7 t3O) ,p M l
71 rF(NRA.EQ.NRB.AND.NCA.EO.NCB)
GOTO80
CALLTONE
wRrTE(r6,221)
221 FORMAT(l Error - MatricesA and B do not have corrrpatible,,
1' dimensions.')
lZ=-9
cALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
72 rF(NCA.EO.NRB)
GOTOB0
CALLTONE
wRITE(t6,221)
V=-9
CALL PAUSE(2)

382

RETURN
GCTO8o
73 rF(NRA.EO.NCA)
CALLTONE
wRiJE(t6,222)
'
'
222 FORMAI(I'Error MatrixA is nol a square matrix.')
LZ=-9
cALL PAUsE(2)
RETURN
3 )O T O5 9
B o r F ( J o P . E O .G
a

NOWREADlN f.4ATBlX
B.
OF A ANDB ARE COI,'IPATIBLE
... DIi4ENSIONS

D O 5 8 t = 1, N R B
t F ( K O R F . E O . 'w, Kf ' I)T E ( 1 6 , 2 2|3 )
' , 1 3 ,o' f m a t r i xB : ' )
2 2 3 F O R M A T (E' n t e rr o w
R E A D ( J 5 , " E N D = s 0( B
0 )M ( l , J ) , J = 1 , N C B )
5 8C O N T I N U E
I F ( K O R F . E O .R
' FE' )W i N CJ 5
t'4ATRlX
Dll"lENSiONS
OF C:THESO|-UTION
DETEBMINE
5 9 G O T O( 8 1 , 8 2 , 8, 81i, 8 3 , 8 1 )l,O P t \ 4 ,
8 1 N R C= N R A
N C C- N C A
HC I UHI\
o4 i\nv

E r\nn

NCI - NCB
FiFi,.lRN
oJ

\-.u

= !\!A

N . ] C= N R A
R:TURI''I
,,. ENDOFFILEENCCUN'TERED

C A L LC L S A L L
cALLINVLID(-1)
C A L LP A U S E . 2 )
RETURN
END
ONt'lOll,TOF
PAUSEAFTEn)FiNTOUTCF RESULTS

PAI-IS;(ICP)
SUBROUTlNE
c o M M o N/ r c L U N1/ 5 , t 6 , J 5 , J 6 , J 4
KORF.MON,IPRT,KCNFO
COMMON
/iOi'IATi

383

CHARACTER'1
KORF,MOI{,IPRT,KORFO
CHARACTER'1
IPAUSE
rF(roP.Eo.3)
GOTO100
r F ( r o P . E o) .W
1 R I T E ( t 6 , )2 0 1

201 FORMAT(/'Press RETURNro go to rhe main menu of options')

r F ( t o P . E o , 2w) R t r E ( t 6 , 2 0 2 )
202 FORMAT{T'
Press RE'fURNlo returnto the menu of opticns')v
lF(toP.Eo.0)wRtrE(t6,200)
200 FORMAT(/Press FTETURN
to continue,)
1 0 1 R E A D ( 1 5 , 2 9IsP) A U S E
299 FORMAT(A1)
RilURN
10 0 r F ( M o N . E O . , YW
, )R T T E ( t 6 , 2 0 2 )
r F ( M O N . E Q . , N , . A N D . t p R T . EW
QR
.'T
NT' )E ( 1 6 , 2 0 2 )
tF(MON.EQ.,N'.AND.tpRT.EQ.'y)
wRtTE(t6,203)
203 FORMAT(/'Output fite creared,)
r F ( M O N . E Q . ' N , . A N D . t p R T . EwQR. 'lyr ,E) ( t 6 , 2 0 2 )
G O T O1 0 1
ENI)
c

lj'"

C
C

CHECKSIF FILEIS NEWOR OLD,THENOPENSIT

C
C

lUNf(= 0 : FILESHOULDEXTST
=1:UNKNOS/NF|LE

c.'-"

SUBROUTI
NE FILOPN(l
UNK,tFiL,FNAtv,!
E)
coMMON /TLC/ SV(20),
lz,LU,z11,222,D1
1,D22,NZZ,
NSp,DpC,DFT,UpA
c o N , 4 M O /Nt O L U N /t 5 , t 6 , J 5 , J 6 , J 4
CHARACTER'16
FNAME
LOGICAL-2FILEOK

rF(luNK.EO.0)coT1
o00
tNQUtRE(FILE=FNAME,EXtST=FILEOK)
IF(FILEOK)OPEN(IFIL,FILE=FNAME,STATUS='OLD.,FORM=.FORMATTED"I
IF(,NOT,FILEOK)
OPEN(IFIL,FILE=FNAME,STATUS='NEW"
1 FORM='FORMATTED')
oALL FTLADD(tFtL)
RETURN
100 TNQUtRE(Ft
LE=FNAME,EXIST=FtLEOK)
l F ( F t L E O K ) G O T1O0 2
w B t T E ( t 6 , 2 0 0F)N A M E
2 0 0 F O R M A T ( /F
' ile ',At6,' does nol exist -.-',
1//' Entcr correct file name gr press RETURN lo abort: ,)
CALLFNRDTN(FNAME)

381

RETURN
tFiLzLT.O)
G o T O1 0 0
M='FoRMATTED)
E,srATUs='oLD.'FoR
LE=Ft'JAtu4
r oioperu(rrlr-,Ft
F
I
l
j
D
D
(
I
F
I
L
)
CALL
RETURN
END

c
C

c
C
C

OPENEDFILES
KEEPSTMCK OFAI,LLI-INCF CUBRENTLY
s U B R O U T I NFEI L A D DF( lI L )
coMl"'1oN/FLIND)?IFLLJN(20\

p g 1 9 9 t = 1, 2 0
r F ( r F L u N ( l ) . E OG
. 0O) T O1 0 1
CONTINUE
1OO
1 0 1J = l
r F L U N ( J=) l F l L
RETUFN
END
C
C
C READSIN FILENAME AND CHECKSFOR T-ENGTHAND
DARD CHARACTEFS
C I.IONSTAN
C

c
FNRDIN(FNAME)
SUBROUTINE
coMMoN /loLUN/ ls,l6,Js,J6,J4
, FT,UPA
11 ,D 2 2 , N Z ZN, SP ,D P C D
c o M N 4 O N/ T L C i S V ( 2 0 )L, Z , L U , Z11, 2 2 2 , D
cct,,1MoNiASC/ |ALPHA(g6)
C'TiARACTER'1
IALPHA
C I J / i R A C T E R . 1F6N A M E
("]HARACTER-1
6),CHOL
ANAME(1
(ANAME(1
EQUIVALENCE
),FNAME)
1 0 5 R E A D ( | 5 . 2 OA
ON
) AME
2 O OF O R M A T ( 1 6 4 1 }
w R r T E ( F i ' r A M E 6, 'A
( 11) ' ) A N A t , l E
r F ( F N A M E . N E . I A L P H AG( O
1 )r)C 1 o o
CALLCLSALL
RETURN
C
C.,. CHECKFORTOTALLENGTH
C
1 0 0 D o 1 0 1 l = 1 r, 6
rF(ANAME(r).EO.TALPHA(1
)) GOTO 102

385

1 0 1C O N T I N U E
NT= 16
uwlv

lvo

102NT=l-1

CLOSEALLCUiRENTLT OPEti:l ;:iLES

a
c

CLSALL
SUBROUTINE
coMMoN /FLIND)VIFLUN(20)
D O 1 0 0l = 1 ' 2 0
GOTO I 00
tF(rFLuN(l).EQ.o)
J F r L= I F L U N ( I )
cALLlcLosE(JFlL,1)
CONTINUE
1OO
RETURN
END

= IALPHA(1s)
c...cHECKFORPERIOD
GOTO3oo
103tF(NT.LE.o)
D C 1 0 4l = 1 , N T
GOTO106
rF(ANAM.E(r).EO.TALPHA(15))
1C4
CONTINUE
tp-n

NL=NT
NR=0
G O T O1 0 7
NL=IP.1
NR=NT-IP
GOTO30C
107 rF(NL.LE.0.OR.NL.GT.B)
rF(NR.GT.G
3 )O T O3 o o
CANBE DIGIT,LOWEROR UPPER
CHECKFORAPPROPRIATE
CHARACTERS.
CASELETTER.
o b 1 o Br = 1 , N T
r F ( r . E o . r PG)o T O 1 0 8
C H O L= A N A M E ( I )
rc = IcHAR(cHoL)

c.. 48 TO 57. A$CII RANGEFOR D|GITS

c
lF(lC'rGE.a8.AND.lC.LE.57)
GOTO 1OB

c..65 TO 90 - ASCIIRANGEFORUPEERCASELETTERS
r F ( r c . G E . 6 s . A N D . r C . L EG.O
9 0T)O10 8

c
a

97 TO 122- ASCIIRANGEFORLCWERCASELETTERS

l F ( r c . G E . s 7 . A N D . ! C . 1 E .G
1 2O2r )C 10 E
GOTO300
1 O BC O N T I N U E
. RETURN
300cALL INVLID(2)
G O T O1 0 5
ENO

c
c
c
c

CLOSEFILEI, IOP= O IS DELTE,IOP= 1 IS KEEP

suBRouINE lcLosE(l,JoP)
IFLUN(20)
coMMoN /FLTND)V
CLOSE(ITSTATUS='DELETE')
IF(loP.EO.0)
1) CLOSE(r,STArUS=',KEEP')
tF(roP.EO.
D O 1 0 0J = 1 , 2 0
t F ( I F L U N ( J ) . E Qr F
. rL) U N ( J=) 0
1OO
CONTINUE
RETURN

c .:i?..
C
C
C

DATAENTRYSUBROUTINE

SUBROUTINE
DATENT
c o M M o N i T L C l S V ( 2 0 )r,Z ,L U , Z 11 , 2 2 2 , D1l ,D 2 2 N
, Z Z , N S P , D pD
CF, T UP A
coMMoN /toLUN/t5,16,J5,J6,J4
c o N 4 M O N/ D A T O /A ( 10 0 , 2 ) , 8 ( 2 , 2C) (, 2 )D
, (10 0 , 1 )
COMMON/NAt!4EF/
FNA\4E
C H A R A C T E R ' 1F6N A M E
N C M A X= 1 O O
CALLCLEAR
!'./RtTE(t6,205)
2 C s F O R M A T ( /D A T A E N T R YMODULE"//)
lvRtTE(t6,200)
2 0 0 F O R M A T ( /E' n t e rn a m e o f file to store data. ')
CALLFNRDIN(FNAME)
IF(LZ.LTO)RETURN
C A L LF T L O P N ( 1 , 2 0 , F N A M E )
104 WRTTE(t6,202)

386
387

202 FOnMAT(,|
Enlernumbercf rowsand columnsof datamatrix:
102 CALLtREADi2,i.:IOW,FJCOL,tOs,toS)
rF(12.1T.0)
RETURN
lF(NROW.GE.1.AND.NCOL.GE.l
) GOTO1ij1

CALLTNVL|D(1)
GOTOr02
101 |F(NCOL.LE.NCMAX)
GOTO10s
!vFltTL(t6,206)NCl,4AX
200 FORl,4A'i'(/Number of columns exceeclrnax of ,,14,,- Try again,)
GOTO1C4
1Cs V1,Ht1
i(2c,.) tiRolv.NcoL
DO 100 l=1,NROiV
DO 103J='i,r\tCOL
viil:TE(15,26-3)
1,.'
133 FORt"4AT('
Enier vxixj ini rl,; ,,i,;,',c;iurnn ,,!.,!.
1' of datil matrix:')
cALL ni:lEA.?(1,2A,AO5,/\O5,AO5)

rF(Lz.L'r.o)
RE"iuRtJ
A(J,l) = ZA
j03 cotJTtNUE
wRtTE(20,') (A(J,1),J=1,NCOL)
.iCO
CONTINUE
REWIND20
oALL TCLOSE(2o.1)
wRtTE(16,204)
FNAME
204 FORMAT(/ Data now stored in fite ',A16)
Cr',i-LPAUSE(2)
IIETL'RN
END
' , 1 " / ' h

subrouline
CLEABclearsthe monilorscreen
ttr*r

SUBROUTII\CLEAR
CHARACTER'1ESC
CHARACTEB'sSEO
CI.IARAOTER'4
CLS
*qEQ='[2J,
ESC=CHAR(027)
r,/RtTE(CLS,'(A1,A3))
ESC,SEQ
wRtTE (") CLS
RETURN
END
C

ttrrr

tta*

ASKSUSERFOROATEANDTIMETO BEWRITTEN
ONTOALL

c
C
C

FILES
PRINTOUT
DATE
SUBROUTINE
coMMON /loLUN/ 15,16'J5,J6,J4
coMMON /Asc/ IALPHA(e6)
c o M M O N / D A T I M iI D A T E ( B ) , l r l t " l E ( 5 )
C H A R A C T E R 'I1A L P H A ' I D A T E ' I T I M E
lN(6)
DIN4ENSION
1osWRITE(i6,20c)
/ ,n' t e r c u r i e n l d a t e ( i ' 4 1 ' 4 ' D D - Y Y ) :
2 0 0 F O R f " 4 A T ( /E
R E A D ( 1 s , 2 0I1D) A T E
201 FORI'"4AT(8A1)
CHtrCKFORQ, U OR H
OALLouH(lDAr'E(1
),lou lT)
r F ( r O U l T . E O .S1r)O P . ' ,
r F ( T D A T E ( 3 ) . N E . I A L P4H) )AG( 1O T O1 0 0
IF ( rD A r E ( 6 ) . N E . I A L P H 4A)()1G O T O1 0 0
D O 1 0 2l = 1 , 6
r N ( r )= - 1 0 0 0
i02 CONTINUE
D O 1 0 1l = 1 , 9 6
IF ( r D A r E ()i. E O . I A L P H A ( lr)N
) (1)=r-17
rN(2)=l-17
IF(rDATE(2).EQ.IALPHA(l))
l F ( T D A T E ( 4 ) . E Q . I A L P HrAN( l()3
) )=r-17
r F ( T D A T E ( s ) . E Q . I A L P HrAN( l()4)=) l - 1 7
IF ( r D A r E ( 7 ) . E O . I A L P H Ar (Nl )() s ) = l - 1 7
l F ( T D A T E ( B ) . E Q . I A L P HrAN( l()6)=) r - 1 7
1 0 1C O N T I N U E
D O 1 0 3l = 1 , 6
r F ( r N ( l ) . E Qo. -01o )G O T O 1o 0
103COf'lTlNUE
l F ( r N () 1. N E . -61. A N D . l N)(.1N E . 0 . A N D . l )N. N
( 1E .)1G C T O10 0
r F ( l N ( 2 ) . L T . 0 . o R . l N ( 2 ) . GGTO
. 9T)O10 0
r F ( r N ( 1 ) . L E . O . A N D . l N ( 2 ) .G
EO T
. 0O) 1 0 0
. 2O
) T O10 0
r F ( r N ( 1 ) . E O. A. 1N D . l N ( 2 ) . G T G
) T O 10 0
r F ( r N ( 3 ) . G T6. -. A
1 N D . l N ( 3 ) . 1 T .G0 O
r F ( r N ( 3 ) . G r .G
3 )O T O1o o
r F ( l N ( 4 ) . L T . 0 . o R . l N ( 4 ) . GGTO
. sT)O10 0
GO
O.T0 O
rF(lN(3).LE.o.AND.lN(4).E
) 10 0

388
389

tF(tN(3).EO.3.AND.tN(4).cT

l ) G o T Ol o o

coTo 104

lT)
OUH(lcH,lou
-su6f, OUTII'1E
ccl,,it"loN/Asc/ IALPHA(96)
C H A R A C T E R 'I1A L P H A , I C H

l O OC A L L I N V L I D ( 1
coTO 10s
104 WRITE(16,203)
203 FORMAT(/,Enter
cu
'""tnt
READ(rs,2o;),;lv';
204 FORMAT(sA1)

l^l rrT -

time (HH:MM)

l,.

C . CHECKFORO,UORH

NB

END
u H ( i T l M E) ,(t1Q u l T )
r, cr (Ar LuLu,tiQ
. h Q . 1 )G o T O 1 0 5

O)U
) rT
H. { A L P f - ] A ( 8r 2
. L P H A ( 5 0 ) . o R . lEcQ
r F r c H . E Qi A
OH
. T A L P H A ( 8r6O) U
) IT
.lC
IF t 3 H . E Ql./ , L P | - ' l A ( 5 4 ) . O R E
) )U r T
i F , c H . E Ql A l - P H A ()4. 1
o R . l c HE O . I A L P H A ( 7 3r O
L:NI\

VIRITESINVALIDENTRYI"IESSAGE

rF(rTtME(3).NE.tALPHA(27))
coTO 106
l NEV L l 0 l r O P )
SUBROUTTN
/loLUNi15,r6,J5,J6,J4
ccr'",irJoN

D O 1 0 7t = 1 , 4
l N ( l )= 1 o o 0
107CONTiNUE
D O 1 0 8t = 1 , 9 6

r N ( 1=)
ll(lllvertl.Eo.rALPHA(r))
rN(2)=
lf
!lllME(2).Eo.rALPHA(r))
,F(lTlME(4).EQ.IALPHA(t))
rN(s)=

tF(trrME(5).EQ.tALPHA(l))
t N / 4 ):
_^ ^
108CONTINUE

11'

D O 1 0 9t = 1 , 4

if(]Ntrl.eo..1ooc)
coro 106
_^_
109
CONTINUE

oT
)o
. l F ( J N ( 1 ) . c r1 6 . A N D . l N ( 1 ) . L Tc. o
106
l F ( t N ( l ) . c T . 2c) o T O t 0 6

c. rTN. s( 2)G
r F( t(N
l N( 1
( 2) .)E
. LeT. 2
. 0. A
. orR
) O)T O1 0 6
l,F
vO
C. rrr..+r )rCz O
T Oi o o

rr.oon.rrv(sj
jllll!31
cr.s)boro,oo"
cnrcoro,oi
l:1,)(l)jflg"n.rru(qi
vnrr
rHUih(l)

C A L LT O N E
rF(rOP,EQ
. t/ R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 0 )
)V
2 0 0 F O R t 4 A T ( /I 'n v a l i de n t r y ,T r y
r F ( r o P . E O .W
2 )R r T E ( r 6 , 2) 0 1
2 0 1 F O R I " ' l A T l(n/ v a l i df i l e n a m e , f t u a ^ . n - r n , ; q q R t r , i l ; l O a b C r t
i F ( i o P . E C . 3W
) RrTE(r6,202)
202 FORt'lAT(/'ErrorEnd of fileencountered.',
1 / , 9 X , ' , Y omuu s t r e c r e a t ey o u r d a t a f i i e . ' )
r F i r c P . E o . 4w) B r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 3 )
r h e d i m e n s i o n os f t h e d a t a m a l r l xa r e ' ,
2 0 3 F O R f " 4 A T ( l ' E r r-o T
1 / , 9 X , ' i n v a lti o
dr l h i s m o d u l e . ' )
r F ( l o P . E O . 5W) R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 4 )
2 0 1 F O R f , , , l A TA(n/ ' i n t e r n a el r r o rh a s o c c u r r e di n l h e p r o ? . 2 - '
i-ri.
^-^'-^.i-.^,^.,t
1'plarco.ho^k
i f \ , -A -r r
, r ? o a l a l s a p p r o p r r aI::er I n : sc p i ' 1 1RETURN
END

II I I lAL'4C

UtrAHAU

I ts,H AA"1A YJ

RETURN
1 0 6 C A L Lt N V L | D ( 1
G O T O1 0 4
END

CHECKSFORQ, U OR H

390

SUEROUT{NE
iNITTS
coi"1|!,!oNiFLTnDX/i FLUNi20)
c o \ 4 r , " 4 oiN
c H A R / t s o u T (18 0 ) , L P T
I N: P
C . D F L JTe. A
c o r ^ , t r o N/ T L c / s A V E ( 2 0 L
) ,z ,L U , z 1 , z 2D, 1 , D 2 , N Z , N S T E P , D
C O I ' ' 1 f " ' 1/ FOLNS /K 5 , K 6 , K 7 , K 8 , K 9 , K 1 0 , K 1 1 , K 1 2 , K 1 3 , l P C H , l L P , l P L O T , r " l C H A N
cor,1r,/oN/ASci IALPHA(96)
DiI..IENSIO
NL P H A ( 9 6 )
JA

391

c o M M O N/ H E A D L Nt/Y N ( 2 )
C H A R A C T E i1I 'I A L P H A , J A L P H A , I Y N
DATA
3
5
6
7
B
9
,l

D O 1 0 0t = 1 , 9 6
T A L P H A (=t )J A r _ P H A ( l )
1OO
CONTINUE

c
c
C

. r y N ( r ) t S N ( o ) , r y N ( 2 )l S y ( E S )
t Y N ( 1=
) JALpHA(47)
r Y t . t ( 2=) T A L P H A ( 5 8 )

D O 1 0 1l = 1 , 2 0
l F L u t ' l ( t=) 0
1 0 1C O N T l t . t u E
K(

K6=0

K 7= 0
KB=O
K9=0
K10=0
K11,-0
K12_0
K13=0

LPT-O
NCHAN=60
D F L T = - 9 9 9 .r
UPA=0.
IL P = O
IPLOT=O
rPcH=-13264
RETURN
END

cP32

PROGRAM3.2

THE VARIANCE
OF'N'SAMPLES
TO COMPUTE
C F PROGRAM
C
VARIAN
SUBROUTINE
C
DPC,DFT,UpA
coMMoi.J /TLC/ SV(20),LZ,t-U,211,222,D11,D22,NZZ,NSP,
collMoN /loLUN/ 15,16,J5,i6,J4
ccMr.4ON/Asc/ IALPHA(96)
CHARACTFR'1IALPHA
COMMONiIONATiKORF,MON,IPRT,KORFO
"l'
CHARACTER'1 KORF,l'{Ol.l,IPRT,KORi:4,i ; ST
,^,/FtTE(16,200)
2CCFORMAT(/UNIVARIATESTATISI-ICSMODULE"//)
C SFTSUMSTOZERO

suMX=o.0
SUMX2=O.O
TO BE USED
C READNUMBEROF OBSERVATIONS
! : ( K O R F . E Q . ' KU) J R T T E ( i 6 , i2 0 1
201 FORMAT(l Enter nurnberoi otseivations:')
0 )S , N C O L
P E A D( J s , - , E N D = 5 0 N
i F ( N S . L E . 1 . O R . N C O L ). N
1 O5 0 1
GEO. T
C

F:AD,ANOBSERVATION
A|.IDADDTO SUM
IFIKORF.EQ.'K
W' )R J T E ( 1 6 , 2 0| 2 )
2C2 FORfulAT('Enter observation',14,':')
F = A D ( J s , " , E N D - 5 C 0X)
SUirlX=SUMX+X
=-S UirlX2+X'X
Sti l\i'lX2
1OO
CCNTINUE

C... READIN I.TEST|NFORMATION

1 1 0W R T T E ( | 6 , 2 0 5 )
2 C 5 F O R M A T ( /D' o y o u w a n t t o c o m p u t eo n e - s a m p l e
I sialistic',
1 ' - Y ( e s )o r N ( o ) :' )
cALL AREAD(2,JOs,KOs,rOs,r05)
rF(LZ.LT.0)
RETURN
rTEST= TALPHA(J05)
l F ( I T E S T . E O . ' IyT' )E S T= ' Y '
l F ( I T E S T . E Q . 'InT' )E S T= ' N '
r F ( T T E S TE. N
. ' Y ' . A N D . I T E S T . N EC. ' A
NL' )LT N V L T D) ( 1
r F ( T T E S T . N E . ' y ' . A N D . | T E S T .G
NO
E .T' N
O'1)10
rF(ITEST.EQ.',N')
GOTO 111
v1iRtTE(16,207)
')
2 r 7 F O R t " 4 A T (E/ n
' t e rh y p o l h e l i c aml e a n o f p o p u l a t i o n :
cALL RREAD(1,HYPM,AO5,AO5,AOs)

393

, F r L ZL T 0 ) R E T U R N
THEVARIANCE
CON4PUTE
111 V A R = ( F L O A T ( N S ) . S U M X 2 - S U N 4 X F
.S
t -UOM
AX
T )( ,N S . ( N S - 1 , ) l
C PRINTRESULTS
rF(MON.EQ.'Y
) T T E( t 6 , 2 0 0 0N) S , S u M X , S u M X 2 , v A R
W' R
r F ( r P R r . E O . ' yW
' )R T T E ( J 6 , 2 0 0N0S) , S U M X , S U M X 2 , v A R
THE STANDARO
C COl\/PUTE
DEVIATION
AND i",IEA.I'J
STOEV=SQRT(VAR)
A[/ EAN=SUM)?FLOAT(NS)
C PRINTSTANDARD
DEVIATION
ANDI"4EAN
IF ( M O N . E Q . ' Y
W' )R r T E( t 6 , 2 0 0)1s T D E V , A i , 4 E A t J
IF (rP R T . E O . ' yW
' ) Rt T E ( J 62,0 01) S TD E V , A M
EAt'.]
C
C...COMPUTE
t STATISTIC

e fr O b s e r v a t r o n=s, 1 0 X , 1 1 0 , / / ,
J 0 O c F O R M A T( r / , 9 X , 2 5 H N u m b o
1 1 2 X , 2 2 H S u mo f O b s e r v a t i o n=s . F Z O . S , l / ,
2 3 4 H S u m o f S q u a r e so f O b s e r v a t i o n=s , F 2 0 . 5 , . . ,
o cf e
O b s e r v a l i e n=s , F 2 0 . 5 )
37/..,27HVarian
n , F 2 05 , t t ,
: 0 0 1 F O R M A T( / , 1 3 X , 2 1 H S t a n d aDredv i a t i o =
n s, F 2 0 . 5 )
1 1 1 X , 2 3 H M e oa fnO b s e r v a t i o =
t 0 0 2 F O R M A T( / , 9 X , 2 5 H O n e - S a mt pSl et a t i s t i=c , F 2 0 . 5 )
al\ u

, a

,,
,
,
.,
I
l

c
t F ( r r E SE
T Q . ' N c' )o T o 1 1 2
FLPr = FLOAT(NS)
r F ( s T D E V . E Q . 0c. o0 T
) o s02
T S T A T C= ( S O R T ( F L P T )('A M E A N .H Y P M ) /) S T D E V
C . . . P R I N TI S T A T I S T I C ,
rF(MON.EQ.'y')
WFItTE(16,2002)
TSTATC
r F ( r P R T . E Q . 'W
y ' )B T T E ( J 6 , 2 0 0T2S)T A T C
11 2 C A L LP A U S E ( 3 )
RETURN

c o r " r l o N / T L c /s v ( 2 0 ) , L z , L U1, ,zz12 2 , D 1 ' 1 , D 2 2 , N Z Z , N SDPF,T

DUPPCA
l o L U N /r 5 , r 6 , J s , J 6 , J 4
c o r " , 1 M o/ N
C O M N 4 O N/ I O N A T /K O R F , M O N , I P R T . K O R F O
C H A F A C T E R ' 1K O R F , M O N , I P R T , K O R F O

wRrTE(r6,200)
j 0 0 F O R | , T A TB
( /t' V A R | A T ES T A T I S T I C S
t.4ODULE"//)
C

c
501 LZ = -9
CALLCLSALL
cALL INVLTD(4)
C A L LP A U S E ( 2 )
FETURN

C
DIVIDEBYZERO
C
-

_a

r
.CALL CLSALL
C A L LT N V L T D ( s )
CALLPAUSE(2)
RETURN

394

\-

SETSUtvtSTOZERO

S U V X l. 0 . :
SUlvlX2=0.0
sxl so=0.0
. sx2so=O.0
r
sx1x2=0.0
] READNUMBER
PAIRSTO BE USEO
OFOBSERVED
r F ( K O R F . E Q .W
' KR
' , r) T E ( 1 6 , )2 0 1
( / n' l e r n u m b e ro f o b s e r v e dp a i r s ' )
201 FORI,4ATE
0 ,) N C O L
R E A D( - 1 5 , ' , E N D = 5N0 S
r F ( r . rLsE 1 . o R . N C o L . N2E) G O T O5 0 1
D O 1 0 0l =1, N S
i, READ/iN OBSERVED
PAIRANDADDTO SUfi,4S
| F ( K O RE
F O.'KW
' ) R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0| 2 )
T (n' l e r X 1 , X 2 o f o b s e r v e dp a r r , 1 4 .
202 FOnl',,1AE
0 )1 . X 2
R E A D( J s , " E N D = 5 0 X
S l . J l " 14=XS U l , 4 X+1X 1
X 2+ X 2
S U M X=
2SUM
gXISQSXISOrXl'X'I
5x25O Sx2SOtX2'X2

C... INVALIDDATAMATRIXDIMENSIONS

t7

PRO3CAM TO COI'4PUTE'
A . V A R I A N C EO F E A C H V A R I A B I * E \
B I . I E A NO F E A C H V A R I A B L E
C,COVARIANCEBETWEEI.IVARIABLES
D CORRETATIONBETVJEENVARIABLES
BICOR
SUBROUTINE

C... ENDOFFILEENCOUMEBED
C
500 Lz = -9
CALLCLSALL
C A L LT N V L T D ( 3 )
cALLPAUSE(2)
RETURN

4A)

P R O G R A M3 . 4

''

j q

$,
{l
fl

'

395

SX1Xz=SX1X2+X1'X2
1OO
CONTINTJE
C PRINTSUMS
t F ( M O N . E O . ' YW' )R T T E ( t 6 , 2 0 0N0S) , S U M X 1 , S X
S1
Q , S U l i 4 x 2 , S X 2 S O ,X
S2X 1
IF(rPRT.EO.'Y')WRtTE(J6,2000)
NS,SUMX1,SX
S lQ , S U I V 1 X 2 , S X 2 S Q
SX
1X, 2
rF(MON.EQ.'Y')
CALLPAUSE(0)
c COMPUTEAND PRINTMEAN,VARIANCEANDSTANDARDDEViATION
OF VARIABLEX1
AMEAN=SUMXl
/FLOAT(NS)
v A R = ( F L O A T ( N S ) ' SS
XQ
1 - S U M X l ' S U M X)1/ F L O A T ( N S - ( N1S) )STDEVl=SQRT(VAR)
rF(MON.EO.'Y
\ ^' )J R I T E ( 1 6 , 2 0 0 1 ) A M V
EAR
N ,S T D E V l
r F ( r P R T . E Q . ' . Y ' ) W R t T E ( J )6A, 2M0E0A
1 NV
, A R ,S T D E V l
c COMPUTEAND PRINTI'.IEAN,
VARIANCE
ANDSTANDARO
DEV]ATION
c OF VARIABLEX2
AMEAN=SUMX2/FLOAT(NS)
vAR=(FLOAT(NS)"SX2SQ-SUMX2.SUMX2yFLOAT(N
1)S) - ( N S STDEV2=SQRT(vAR)
rF(MON.EO.'Y)
WRTTE(16,2002)
AMEAN,VAR, STDEV2
r F ( r P R T . E Q . ' Y ' ) W R(tJT6E, 2 0 0 2A) M E A N ,V A R ,S T D E V 2
C COMPUTEAND PRii.JT
COVARIANCE
BETWEENX1 Alr-DX2
c o v = ( F L o A T ( N S ) - S XX12 - S U M X 1 ' S U N 4 X 2 ) / F L O A T ( N S1.)()N S rF(MON.EQ.'y')
WRtrE (16,2003)
cov
rF(rpRT.EO.'y,)WRtTE
(J6,2003)COV
C CO|UPUTE
ANDPRINTCORRELATION
BETWEEN
Xi AND X2
DBYO= STDEVl'STDEV2
r F ( D B Y 0 . E Q . 0G
. 0O
) T O5 0 2
coR=covi(sTDEVl'sTDEV2)
rF(MON.EQ.'Y
W' ,R) T T E( t 6 , 2 0 0 4C) o R
r F (pr R T . E Q . , y , ) W R t T
( JE6 , 2 0 0 4C) O R
CALLPAUSE(3)
RETURN

DIVIDEBYZERO
502Q--9
CALLCLSALL
oALLINVLID(5)
CALLPAUSE(2)
RETURN
2oo0 FORMAT(lll,5x,28HNumberof ObservedPairs= ,10X,110,//,
of X1 - ,F20.5,11,
121X,12HSum
of Squaresof X1 = ,F20.s,il,
210X,23HSum
of XZ = ,F20.5,11,
321X,12HSurn
of Squaresof X2 = ,F20.slt,
410X,23HSum
5 9X. 24HSumof CrossProducls= ,F20.5)
of X1 = ,F20.5,/1,
2001FORMATU,20X,13HMean
ot X1 = ,F20.5,/1,
116X,17HVariance
Deviation
of Xl = ,F20.5)
2 6X,2THStandard
of X2 = ,F2A.5,//,
2002FnRMAT(/,20X,13HMean
116X,17Hvariance
of X2 - ,F20.5,11,
2 6X,2THStandard
Dpviation
ol X2 = ,F20.5)
BetweenXl and X2 = ,F2C.5)
HOovariance
2003FORMAT(/,2X,31
BelwenX1 and X2 = ,F2A.5l
2004FORMATU,lX,32HCorrelation
END

(.P35
^

PROGRAI,4
FOR ONE WAY ANALYSISOF VARIANCE
SUBROUTINE
OI.IEOVA
11,222,D11,D22,NZZ,NSP,DPC,DFT,UPA
coMMoN /TLC/ SV(20),LZ,LU,Z
cot4MoN /toLUN/ t5,t6,J5,J6,J4
COMMON/IONAT/KORF,MON,IPRT,KORFO
CHARACTER'1
KORF,MON,IPRT,KORFO
00,4)
coMMoN /DATQ/ PlSSA(100,2),BJNK(2,2),CJNK(2),X(1

c
C...ENDOFFILEENCOUMERED

wRrTE(r6,200)

500 t-z = -9
CALL CLSALL
oALL iNVLTD(3)
CALLPAUSE(2)
RETURi'I

(,
c.

INVALIDDATAMATRIXDIMENSIONS

s01 LZ = -9
CALLCLSALL
cALL TNVLTD(4)
CALLPAUSE(2)
RETURN

390

PROGRAM3.5

2OOFORMAT(/ONE WAY ANALYSISOF VARIANCEMODULE',/4

N C M A X= 1 O O

OFSAMPLES
PERSAMPLEANDNUMBER
REAONUMBER
OFREPUCATIONS
rF(KORF.EQ.'K)
WRrTE(16,201
)
per sample',
201 FORMAT(/EnternumberoI replications
')
1' andnumberof samplesl
NR,NS
REAO(Js'',END=500)
tF(NR.LE.1.OR.NS.LE.1
) GOTOso1
rF(NS.GT.NCMAX)
GOTOs01

39i

SETSUMSTOZERO
PlSST=O.O
P25ST=0.0
JJA=U.

D O 1 0 0J = 1 , N S
Pl SSA(J.1)=0.0
lOOCONTINUE
DO 101 1..1,Nt-:
AND ADD TO SUMS
C READA REPLICA"I"E
WRrTE(r6,202)
rF(KORF.EQ.'K')
I
202 FORMAT(/'Enter resultsof replicate ,14,'for each s a m p l e
R E A D ( J s , ' , E N D = 5 0 (0x)( J , 1) , i = 1 , N S )
D O 1 0 2J = 1 . N S
P 1S S T = P 1S S T + X ( J ,)1' X ( J ,1)
P 2 S S T = P 2 S S T + X ()J , 1
P 1S S A ( J , )1= P l S S A ( J , )1+ X ( J1)
102CONTINUE
101col.'TtNUE
C CALCULATESST
ssr=P1 ssT-P2ssI'P2ssT/FLOAT(NS'NR)
N R S l= N S ' N R . 1
C CALCULATESSA
D O 1 0 3J = 1 , N S
SSA=S54*p1gSA(J,1)'P1SSA(J,1)/FLOAT(NB)
103CONTINUE
ssA=ssA-P2ssT'P2ssT/FLOAT(NR'NS)
N S 1= N S . 1
C CALCULATESSW
SSW=SST.SSA
NNS=NR'NS.NS
C CALCULATEMEANSQUARES
I
AMSA=SSA/FLOAT(NS1
)
AMSW=SSWFLOAT(NNS)
C CALCULATEF.RATIO
rF(AMSW.EO.0.0)
GOTOs02
F=AMSA/AMSW
C PRINTRESULTS
rF(MON.EO.',N')
GOTO104
wRrTE(t6,2000)
l F ( s s A . L T1 . 0 E 7 )W R | T E ( r 6 , 2 0 0 S
1 )S A , N S I , A M S A , F
rF(ssA.GE.1.0E7
W) R r T E ( 1 6 , 2 0 0S4. )S A , N S I , A M S A , F
r F ( s s w . L T . 1 . 0 E 7W) R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 0S2S
) W,NNS,AMSW
rF(ssw.GE.1.0E7
W) R I T E ( r 6 , 2 0 0S5S
) W,NNS,AMSW
r F ( s s T . L T . 1 . 0 EW
7 )R r r E ( r 6 , 2 0 0 3
s s) T , N R S l
r F ( s s T . G E . 1 . 0 EW
7 )R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 0S6S
) T,NBSl
104 rF(IPRT.EQ.',N)
GOTO 1s0
'/RrrE(J6,2000)
r F ( s s A . L T1 . 0 E 7 )w R r r E ( J 6 , 2 0 0 1S) S A , N S l , A M S A , F

:398

tF(ssA.GE.1.0E7
W) R T T E ( J 6 , 2 0 0S4S) A , N S l , A M S A , F
IF(SSW.LT.1
.0E7)WRrTE(J
6,2002)SSW,NNS,AMSW
tF(ssw.cE.1.0E7)wR|TE(J6,2005)
SSW,NNS,AMSW
lF(ssT.LT.1.0E7)WRrTE(J6,2003)
SST,NRSI
l F ( S S T . G E . 1 . 0 E\ 7
t n) ' T E ( J 6 , 2 0 0 6S) S T , N R S l
1s0 cALL PAUSE(3)
RETURN
C,.. ENDOFFILEEN@UNTERED

500 Lz = -9
CALLCLSALL
C A L LT N V L T D ( 3 )
CALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN

c
C.

INVALIDDATAMATRIXDIMENSIONS

s01 LZ = -9
CALL CLSALL
CALL tNVLTD(4)
cAtL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
c
C...DIVIDEBY ZERO
auz

LZ- = -V

CALLCLSALL
C A L LT N V L T D ( 5 )
cALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
^t
h^^,^^^
^a
t r^^^
2000 FORMAT(///S
, ' o u r c eo f ' , 1 4 X , ' S u m
vvgr
sv>
tttc4tl
ui
1 ' V a r i a t i o n ' , 1 4 X , ' S q u a r eFsr e e d o m S q u a r e s F - T e s t ' , i ,
21X,60(1H-))
2 0 0 1 F O R M A T ( 1 4 HA m o n g S a m p l e s , 7 X , F 1 0 . 2 , l 1 0 , F 1 0 . z , / ,
141X,F20.4)
2004 FORMAT(14H
A m o n gS a m p l e s , 7 X , E 1 0 . 3 , l 1 0 , E 1 0 . 3 , / ,
141X,F20.4\
2 0 0 2 F O R M A T ( 2 1 HW i t h i n R e p l i c a t i o n ,sF . 0t . 2 , 1 1 0 , F 1 0 . 2 )
2 c 0 5 F O R M A T ( 2H1 W i t h i n R e p l i c a t i o n,sE 1 0 . 3 , 1 1 0 , 8 1 0 . 3 )
2003 FORMAT(/,16iT
1otal Variation,5X,F10.2,l10)
2 0 0 6 F O R M A T ( / , 1 6T
Ho t a l V a r i a t i o n , 5 X , E 1 0 . 3 , l 1 0 )
END
a

CP36
PROGRAM3-6
a
C PROGRAMFORTWO WAY ANALYSISOF VARIANCE

TWOVA
SUBROUTINE
, 212 2 , D11, D 2 2 , N Z Z , N S p , OD
pF
CT, U P A
c o M M o N / T L C /S V ( 2 0 ) , 1 . z , 1 U1, 2
c o r " 4 M o N/ r o L U N /1 5 , 1 6 , J 5 , J 6 , J 4
coMr"40N/rONAT/KORF,MOT.j,tPRT,KORF0
C H A R A C T E RK
'.O
I RF,MON,IPBT,KORFO
c o [ , 4 M o N/ D A r Q / P 1S S A ( 10 0 , 2 ) , B J r . J K ( 2 , 2 ) , C J N K1(020) , 4X)(
!vRlTE(r6,200)
OF VARIANCE
2 O OF O R M A T ( / ' T V /W
O A YA N A L Y S I S
MODLJLE"/i)
I!ci'.,lAX 100
C

RLADNIUIJBER
OF TREATIIENTS
ANDNUMBER
OF SAI"4PLES
rF(KORE
F O ' , K 'W
) R r T E ( r 6 , 2)0 1
2 0 1 F O R M A T ( /E' n t c rn u m b c ro f t r e a t m e n l as n d n u r n b i tor f s a m p l e s
c E A D ( J s , ' , E N D = s 0N0 T) , N S
r F ( N TL E 1 O F N S L E 1 ) G O r O s 0 1
r F ( N SG T N C M A X G
) Q T Os 0 1
.

SET SUMSTO ZERO

P l S S T = OO
P 2 S S T = OC
S S A = OO
S S B = OO
D O 1 0 0J = 1 , N S
P 1S S A ( J 1) = 0 0
00 cONTINUE ,
D O 1 0 1l = 1 , N T
R E A D A T R E A T M E N TA N D A D D T O S U M S
C
r F ( K O R FE Q ' K ' ) W R r T E ( t 6 , 2 0 2|)
202 FORMAT(' Enier resulls of lrealment ',14, for each sample
R E A D ( J s , ' , E N D = s 0 0 )( X ( J , 1 ) , J = 1 , N r S )
T S S B = OO
DO 102J=1,NS
P l S S T = P 1S S T + X ( J1 ) ' X ( J1 )
P2SST'P2SSl+X(j1)
P 1S S A ( J , 1 ) = PS1 S A ( J 1 ) + X ( J1)
I S S B = T S S B + X ( J1 )
r02 CONTINUE
SSB=SSB+TSSB'TSSB/FLOAT(NS)
rOl CONTINUE
O C A L C U L A T ES S T
S S T = P1S S T P 2 S S T ' P 2 S S T / F L O A T ( N S ' N T )
\
N T S I = N S ' N T1
O C A L C U L A T ES S A
D O 1 0 3J = 1 , N S
'P1SSA(J
I)/FIOAT(NT)
SSA SSA+PlSSA J 1

100

1 0 3C O N T I N U E
SSA=SSA-P2SST'P2SST/FLOAT(NT'NS)
NS1=I.JS-1
O
C A L C U L A T ES S B
S S B = S S B - P 2 S S TP' 2 S S T / F L O A T ( I . ] S ' N T )
NTl=NT1
C A L C U L A T ES S E
SSE=SSr'(SSA+SSB)
N T 1 S 1 = ( N S - 1 ) ' , (1N) r
CALCUT-ATM
E EAN SQUARES
AMSA=.SSA/FLOAT(N1
S)
A f , { s B= s s B i F L O A T ( N T1)
A M S E = S S ? F L O , 8 , T ( I . J TS11)
C A L C U L A T EF . T E S I S

GOTO502
tF(Ar/sE.EO.o.o)
F1=At\4StuAMSE
E
F2-Al,,4SB/AI,4S
C PRINTRESULTS
. r F ( M O N . E O . 'G
NO
' ) T O1 0 4
wFrTE(16,2000)
W7R) I T E( 1 6 , 2 0 0 1s)s A , N S l , A l ' 4 S A , F 1
rF(SSA.LT.1.OE
W7R) I T E( 1 6 , 2 0 0 s s) A , N S 1 , A L I S A , F 1
lF(ssA.GE.1.OE
t r 1 s s a . r r . t . 0 E 7 )w R I T E ( 1 6 , 2 0 0 2s )s t s , N T 1 , A l J S 3 ' F 2
6 )S B , N T l ' / i l " l S t s , F 2
) R I T E( 1 6 , 2 C 0S
l F ( S S B . G 1F.-O. E 7 W
s s) E , N T 1 S,l p , L { s E
r F ( s s E . L T. O
1 E 7 !)V i l l l E ( 1 6 , 2 0 0 3
) R I T F(-1 6 , 2 0 0 s7 s) E , l . j T 1 s,1A l v l s E
r F ( s s E . G E..O
1 E 7W
l F ( s s T . L T . 1 . 0 EW
7 )R I T E( 1 6 , 2 0 0 4s )s r , N T S l
s s) T , N T S I
r F ( S S TG E . 1 . 0 E 7W
) R I T E( 1 6 , 2 0 0 8
r 4 r F ( r P R T . E O . 'G
NO
' ) T O1 5 0
(J6,2000)
\'vRrTE
) R I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 1s)s A , N S lA M S A , F l
r F ( s s A . L 1T . 0 E 7 W
l F ( s s A . G E . 1 . 0 EW7R
) I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 5S)S A , N S 1 , A M S A , F l
r F ( s s B . L IT. 0 E 7 )W R I T E( J 5 , 2 0 0 2s )s B , N T l , A M S B , F 2
l F ( S S B . G E . 1 . 0W
E 7R)I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 5S)S B , N T l ' A t ! 4 S B , F 2
) R I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 3s)s E , N T 1 S 1 , A i l , 4 S E
i F ( s s E . L T1. O E 7 W
W7R) I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 7s )s E , N T l S l , A l l S E
rF(ssa.GE.1.0E
I F i S S T . L1T. 0 E 7 )W R I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 4S)S T , N TlS
V 7/ R
IFrSSr.GE.1.0E
) I T E( J 6 , 2 0 0 8S)S T , N T S l
1 s oC A L LP A U S E ( 3 )
RETUIIN
C . ENDOF FILEENCOUI{TERED
C
RnntT

-q

CALL CLSALL
CALL INVLID(3)
CALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN

7
IS 1OO'
NUMBEROF OBSERVATIONS
TNI I,4AXIMUM
C... INVALIDDATA MATRIXDIMENSIONS
501 LZ - -9
CALL CLSALL
cALL INVLID(4)
CALL PAUSE{2)
RETURN
C.,.DIVIDEBYZERO

c
;n)

PRINTM'ANDSLE.
SL':AOUTINESNEEDEDARE READM'
LINFIT
:i,ttr,ouTlNE
- '-'rr"10f.liTLCl SV(20),1
f-,1u,211,222,D1:,D?2,t'!zz'NSP,DPC'DFT'UPA
. . r.il\iiON/lOL.UNi15,16'J5'i6'J'i
/lONAT/KOnF,MOl"l,iPRT'KORF0
1 - : ..',ioN
(..r- 1tr ACTER'1KORF,I'4ON,IPRT,KORF0
/DATo/ A(100,2),9(2,2)'c(2)'D(100'4)
: .Jr,1t"40N

17 - -a

CALLCLSALL
oALL TNVLTD(s)
CALL PAUSE{2)
RETURN
2 0 0 0 F O R M A T( / / / , 'S o u r c ec f ' , 1 4 X , ' S u mo f D e g r e e so f
Mean',/
1 ' V a r i a t i o n ' , 1 3 X , ' S o u a r eFsr c e c l c r n S q u a r i , s : i - T e s t s ' , r ' ,
21X,60(1H-))
2 0 0 . 1F O R M A T ( 1 4 H A m c n g S a m p ; e s , 7 X , F i C . ? , t B , 2 X , i : i t i . J . , ' ,
141X,F20.4)
2 0 0 5 F O R M A T ( 1 4 H A r n o n gS a r i p l c s , T ) r . ..fj::1- t , 1 8 , 2 X , E i 0 . - 1 , / ,
141X,F20.4)
-freaii,ienis,4)i,i
^;..J,1,4
2 0 0 2 F O R M A T ( 17 ' r i A m c i r g
i O . 2 , i B , 2 ).(:, f
i ,f ; : c . 4j
2 0 0 6 F O R N 4 A (T1 7 H A m o n g T r e a i i x e n t s , 4 Xt ,0I . 3 , i t , .i 1
, E ' i 0 . j , ,i i , , 7 2 . . 4 )
2 C { J 3F O R M A T ( 6 i l E r r o r , 1 5 X , F i 0 . 2 , l i , 2 > : , F 1 0 . 3 )
2 0 0 7 F O R I " ' l A 'ifu H E i r o i . , 1 5 X , E
0 .13 , i 8 , 2 X , E i 0 . 3 )
2 0 0 4 F O k l / A T V , - t e HT o t a l V a r i a i i ' ] n , 5 X , F 1 ! . 2 , t 8 )
2 0 0 8 F O R M A T{ i , . t i r i lT o t a l V a r i a t i o n , S X . E t 0 . 3 , t B )
END
C
CLINFIT
L!tJFlT- PROcHAtr4
5-3
C
c ROLItll.t[ , iNFiT

(,

C PRCGRA|ITO FITA LINLARREGRES$IOI.J.

il
C ARI]AYA CONTAINSX AND Y DATATHATIS FEAD IN.
C ARRAYB CO|JTAII.JS
THECOEFFICIEt.iTS
OF THElJNKiliOiiVN
B'Sll! Ti-iE
C NORMALEQLJATIONIS
5,7 AND 5.8.
C ARRAYC ORIGINALLYIS A VECTORTHATCOIITAI|{STHE SI.JMOF Ti.i: Y,S
C ANDTHESUMSOF THECROSSPNODUCTS
OF X ANDY IN EQUATION
5,11
C AFTERTt-iENORMALEGUAT|ONS
A.RESOLVED,ARFAYC C{it'r'iAli.tsl'HE
C CCEFFICIEI.fTS
OF Tf.iEREGRESSION
EQUATiot\i.
C SUMSOF THECROSSPRODUCTS
OF X ANDY IN EQUATIOi.]
5.11.
C ARRAYD CONTAII{SX, Y, Y-CALCULATED,
AND DEVIATI'NSFOR LIC DATA POINTS.

4(\2

t ' J , : \= i 0 J
\, :. 'tr:iiat,2i.ll)
-11!lA1 Lli'lf ,^.RRiG RESSiCi\ MODULE'/4
V'
a ;ra.
r : r ' D X - YD A ] - A
\"lRlTE(16'201
)
:; KORF.EQ.'K')
')
r l o b s e r v e dp a i r s :
2 - i F a ' R M A T ( l ' E r ' ' : .Fi ,urr n b e o
N,NCOL
ei:AD(i5,-,El'lD"sCii)
GOTO501
F.1.OR,tlcoL.NE.2)
rFi!'{,1
Ii(il.1:.|.'lN4AX)GOT\-11Cs
,, :iTEli6,202)Nt"4AX
2cZ ::ORMAT(/'l'lum'oerof obsen/edpairs exceed max of
t7

-Q

"14)

CALI-PAUSE(2)
qETURI..I
i l r 5 D O 1 C gl = 1 , N
' : \ i ( o R F . E Q " ' KW
' ) F T I T E ( 1 6 ' 2I0 3 )
')
2 0 3 F O R I I 4 A TE( 'n t e rX , Y o l o b s e r v e dp a i r
(
A
(
l
'
i
)
'
J
=
1
'
2
)
"
1
4
"
:
READ(J5,',END=500)
1!16i-Ci.lTlNUE
, . CALCUIATESU;IS FORLEASTSOUARESSOLUTION
0 c 1 0 c l =1, 2
C ( i r - 00
D C 1 0 1J = l , 2
B ( l , J ) =0
1 0 1c o r . ' t T l N U E
1OC
CCJNTINUE
D O 1 0 2l = 1 , N
B ( 1, 1) = B ( 1
, 1) +1. 0
B ( 1, 2 ) = B (,12 ) + A ( 1 , 1 )
B( 2 , 2=) B( 2 , 2+) A ( l1' ) ' A ( l 1
')
c ( 1 ) = c ( 1) + A ( 1 , 2 )
C ( 2 ) = C ( 2 ) + A ( )l ' 1
A(l'2)

'l(l

403

1 0 2C O N T I N U E
B ( 2 , 1 ) = B (, 2
1)
a

R2=$gPYg91
rF(sLoPE.GE.0.0)
R=SORT(R2)
lF(sLoPE.LT.0.0)
R=-1.o.SQRT(Rzr,
!F(MON.EQ.'N,)
GOTO110
wRrTE(t6,2000)
N
wRrTE(t6,2001)
SST
wRrTE(t6,2002)
SSR
wRrTE(16,2003)
sso
wRrTE(16,2004)
R2
wRrTE(r6,2005)
R
, 0 IF(|PRT.EO.'N)
GOTO150
wRrTE(J6,2000)
N
wRrTE(J6,2001)
SST
wRrTE(J6,2002)
ssR
wRrTE(J6,2003)
SSD
wRrTE(J6,2004)
R2
wRrTE(J6,2005)
R
i50 oALLPAUSE(3)
RETURN

SOLVETHESIMUTTANEOUS
LINEAREOUATIONS
WHICHAREOFTHEFORM
OF 5.7 AND 5.8 IN THE TEXT.
tF(MON.EQ.,W
Y 'R
) T T E ( t 60,011)
t F ( t P R T . E Q . ,W
Y ,R
) T T E ( J 60,011)
C A L L P RI N T M( 0 , 8 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 1
rF(MON.EQ.'Y
W' )R I r E ( 1 60, 10 2 )
lF(tPRT.EQ.,Y
) T T E ( J160,0 2 )
W' R
C A L LP R T N T M ( 0 , C , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 )

c
cALL SLE(8,C,2,2,1.0E-05)
rF(LZ.Lr.o)CALr PAUSE(2)
rF(LZ.LT.0)
RETURN
sLoPE = C(2)
rF(MON.EO.'Y
W' ,R) I T E ( t 60, 10 3 )
rF(lPRT.EQ.,W
Y :R
) T J E ( J16o,O 3 )
oALLPRTNTM(0,C,1,2,1,2)
al
D O 1 0 3t = 1 , N
D(t,1)=A(t,1)
D(r,2)=A(t,2)
D ( t , 3 ) = C )( +
1 C ( 2 ) . D (1t),
D(t,4)=D(t,2)_D(1,3)
103CONTINUE
r F ( M O N . E Q . ,W
Y 'R
) T T E ( t 6O, O
1 4)
tF(lPRT.EQ.'Y
W' )R T T E ( J16O, O 4 )
c A L L P R I N T M ( 0 , D , N1,O
4 ,O , 4 )

c...CALCULATE
ERRORMEASURES
c
SY=o.o
sY2=0.0
sYC=0.0
s Y c 2 = 00
D O1 0 4t = 1 , N
SY=SY+D(1,2)
SY2=SY2+D(1,2)'D(,2)
SYC=SYC+D(t,3)
SYC2=SYC2+D(1,3)-D(1,3)
104CONTINUE
SST=5y2-5y'SY/FLOAT(N) "'i
ss R=sYc2-sYc'SYC/FLOAT(N)
J-U=J>

I -b>H

rF(ssr.Eo.0.0)
coTo 502

404

9a

C... ENDOF FILEENCOUNTERED

500 Lz = -9
CALL CLSALL
cALL TNVLtD(3)
cALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
C... INVALIDDATAMATRIXDIMENSIONS
501 LZ = -9
CALL CLSALL
cALL INVLID(4)
cALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
C.., DIVIDEBY ZERO
E^') 17

-A

CALL CLSALL
cALL TNVLTD(s)
CALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
1001 FORMAT (///,' CoetficientMatrix ot UnknownParamelers',
f in NormalEquations')
1002 (ORMAT(| Vector of Sum ol Y"s and Sum ol Crossproducts',
1 ' o f X a n dY )
Equation')
1003 FORMAT(/'The EslimatedParametersot the Regression

405

= nX V a r i a b l e ' /C o l u m n2 = Y
1 C C 4F O R I v ' 1 A T ( / ' C o l1u m
1'Column
3 = Y V a l u eB a s e dO n R e g r e s s i oEnq u a t i o n '
2 C o l u m n4 = C o l u m n2 - C o l u m n3 ' )
2 0 - . 0F O R M A T( 1 / , 2 8 HN u m b e ro f O b s e r v e dP a i r s= , 1 5 )
2 0 0 1F O R M A T( 2 5 HT o , a lS u m so f S q u a r e s= , F 2 35 )
2 C 0 2F O R M A T( 3 7 HS u m so l S q u a r e sD u e T o R e g r e s-: n
2 : 0 3 F O R M A T( 3 6 1 -Sl u m so f S q u a r e sD u e T o D e va i r f t =
2 0 0 4F O R M A T( 1 9 HG o o d n e sosf F i t = , F 1 5 . 6 )
2 7 H C o r r e l a t i oC
2 C 5 F O R I ' , 4 A( T
n o e f f i c i e n=t , F 1 5 . 6 )
gND

(:
CPRINTM
C
C

P R I N T M .P R O G R A M
4.2

SUBROUTINE
TO PRINTA MATRIX
HAVINGN ROWSAND M COLUMNS
s u B R o u T l N E P R I N T M ( K F t L , A , N , M , N)1 , M 1
c o MMoN /r Lc/ sv (20),LZ,LU,z11,222,D11,D22,NZZ,NSp, DpC,DFT,U
coMMoN lioLUN/ t5,t6,J5,J6,J.1
COMMON/IONAT/KORF,MON,IPBT,KORFO
C H A R A C T E R 'K1O R F , M O N , I P R T , K O R F O
A (NN 1 , M 1 )
DTMENSTO

c
r F ( K F | L . E O) .Cl A L LC L E A R
IF ( K F l L . E O
1). ! r / R | T E ( I 6 , 2 0 3 )
PRll'JTOUT MATRIX',?)
203 FORIvIAT(/'
OUT tN STRTPS
OF 5 COLUi\.4NS
c... pRli'iTTJATRtX
c
NROW= O
l J)i u 1 0 2
r r - ( K F r L . b . Q( .i 0
C
C... READMATNiXFTlOh4
II']PUTOATAFILE
r F ( K O R F . E e . ' K\ \' r) R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 0 )
200 FORMAT(1'!:nier numberof !'c!.rsand coiumnsfor rn
rralrix:
alrix: ')
R E A D ( J 5 , . , E l . r D = 5N
cC
, r)/
IF(r..r.LE.N1
.AND.N,l.LE.M1
) GOTO103
w R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0i1' J) 1 , M 1
2 0 1 F O R I " 4 A T (l ./ i' u m b e ro f f c w s , c o j u r n n se x c e e dm a x o f ' , 1 4 ,b' y ' , 1 4 )

RETUBN
1 0 3 D O 1 0 4l = 1 , f i
rF(KORF.EO.'K
V 'l )f i l T E ( i 6 , 2 0 2| )
2C2 FORl.,lAl.('Enl':,i row ',14,'of matrix: ')
A)( r , i ) , J = 1 , M )
R E A D ( J s , - , E N D = s 0( 0
104COT.JTINUE

c
C.,. NOW PRINTOUT i/ATRIX
C
1 0 2 D O 1 0 0t B =r , M , 5
lE=lB+4
l F ( r E- M ) 2 , 2 , 1
1IE=M

c
HEADING
C...PRINT
2 r F ( M O N . E O .W
' YR
' ) T T E ( r 6 , 2 0( r0,0r =) i S , t E )

r
(r,r=rB,rE)
rF(IPRT.EQ.Y)WRTTE(J6,2000)

D O 1 0 1J * 1 , N

s u B R o u T t N cEM U L T ( A , B , C , N , M , N
) 1,M1
D T M E N S IA
O(NN 1 , M
) ,1C ( N 1 , )M 1
D O 1 0 0t = 1 , N
D O 1 0 1J = 1 , M
c(r,J)=B'A(r,J)
101COI'lTlNUE
1OO
CONTINUE
RETURN
END

PRINTROW OF MATRIX
r F ( M O N . E a . ' YW
' ) R | T E ( 1 6 , 2 0) 0J1, ( A ( J , K ) , K = r B , r E )
-Q.'Y',)WRTTE(J6,2
001
rF{IPRT
) J,(A(J,K),K=rB,tE)
NROW=NRD\i.l+1
rF(kloN.EQ.'Y'.AND
0).EQ.0)CALLPAUSE(0)
MOD(NROW,1
1 0 1C O N T I N U E
1OO
CONTINUE
rF(MOl..t.EQ.'Y.AND.t,1OD(N
OE
W. ,01. A N D . K F t L . E C
0 )R. N
OA
. 0L)Lp A U S E ( 0 )
I F ( M O N . E Q . ' N ' . A NPD
R.Tl . E Q . ' Y ' . A N D .LK. F
E tQ1.) W R r T E ( r 6 , 2 0 4 ) '
204 FORMAT(/ Output file created')
RETURN

c
CMi\4ULT
C
C
C

c
c...ENDOFFiLEENCOUMERED

c
C
C

ADDM- PROGRAN/
4-3

TO ADDTWOMATRICES
SUBROUTII']E
A A N D B T O F O R M CA
. L L H A V E NR O W S A N D M C O L U M N S

c M lN V

S U B R O U T I NAED D M ( A , B , C , N , M , N)1 , M 1
DTMENSTA
O (NN 1 , M 1 ) , 8 ( N 1 , M 1 ) ", M
C (1N) 1
DO i 0c l-,1,li
D O 1 0 1J = l , [ , 1
c ( 1j,) = A ( l , j ) + B ( l , J )
1 0 1C O N T I N U E
O OC O N T l N U E
RETURN
END
CCMULT

i
C
C
c

SUBROUTINE
FORMULTIPLICATION
OF MATRIXA BY N/ATRIX
B
TO GIVEMATRIXC. A IS L ROWSBY N COLUIINS.
B IS N ROWSBY M COLUMNS,
ANDC WILLBE L ROWS8Y M COLUMNS

s u B R o u T t N EM M U L T ( A , B , C , L , N , M , N A , M A , N B , M B , N C , M C )
D T M E N S T OAN
(NA,MA),8(NB,MB),C(NC,MC)
D O 1 0 0l = 1 , 1
D O 1 0 1J = 1 , M
c(r,J)=0.0
D O 1 0 2K = 1, N
C(l,J)=c(l,J)+A(l,K)-B(K,J)
1 0 2C O N T I N U E
1 0 1C O N T I N U E
l O OC O N T I N U E
RETURN
END

500 LZ = -9
CALL CLSALL
CALL TNVLTD(3)
RETURN
2000 FORMAT(/,5X,5(BX,r4,3X),/)
200i FoRMAT(is,sF15.5)
END
CADDI/

MMULT.PROGRAM
4-7

M I N V- P R O G F A M4 - 8

SUBROUTIIIE
TO FINDINVERSE
OF MATRIXA. B IS THE INVTRSE
OF A. A IS REDUCED
TO THE IDENTITYMATRIX.
A A N D B A R EN X N . D E TI S T H E D E T E R M I N A NOTF A .
s u B R o u T r N EM I N V ( A , B , N , N 1 , D E T )
D i M E N S T OAN( N 1 , N)1, 8 ( N 1 , N) 1
C O M M O N/ I O L U N /I 5 , I 6 , J 5 , J 6 , J 4
c o M M o N / T L C / S V ( 2 0 )L, Z , L U , Z11, 2 2 2 , D
11 ,D 2 2 N
, Z ZN
, S p ,D p C ,D F T U
, pA

C M U L T- P R O G R A M4 - 5

Z E R O= 1 . 0 E - 0 5

c
c
^

EACHELEMENT
oF A MATRT'
By A
auttorarNE To MULTIpLy
CONSTANTBTOFORMTHEMATRIXC.
HASN ROWSANDM COLUMNS.
EACHMATRIX

SET B TO IDENTITY
MATRIXAND SAVETHEORIGINALA MATRIX
o o 1 0 0t = 1 , N
D O 1 0 1J = 1 , N
B(l,J)=0.0

o=B'MAT(A)

408
409
1.

ru

1 0 1C O N T I N U E
B(t,t)=1.0
1OO
CONTINUE
oET=1.0

SUBROT/TtN
SE
LE(A,B,N,N1,ZERO)
c o i l / M o N / T L C /S v ( 2 0 ) , L Z , L U , 1
Z,12 2 2 , D11, D 2 2 , N Z Z , N S p , D p C , DUFPTA
coMMoN /lOLUN/ ts,t6,J5,J6,J4
DTMENSTA
O (NN 1 , N)1, 8 ( N )l
D O 1 0 0l = 1 , N

L,

CALCUTATE
INVERSE

D O 1 0 2t = t , N
D l v t D EI T HR O WO F A A N DB B Y A ( t , t )
Drv=A(t,t)
i F ( A B S ( D l v )z E R O ) s s , e e , 2
2 DET=DET'DIV
D O 1 0 3J = l , N
A(t,J)=A(t,J)/DtV
B(t,J)-B(t,J)/0rv
1 0 3C O N T I N U E
C R E D U C E T HI TEH C O L U M N O F A T O Z E R O
D O 1 0 4J = 1 , N
l F ( l - J )1 , 1 0 4 , 1
1 RATIO=A(J,t)
D O 1 0 s K = 1, N
A ( i , K ) = A ( J , KR)A T l O . A ( t , K )
B ( J , K ) = B ( J ,R
t (A) T t o . B ( t , K )
1 0 5C O N T I N U E
104CONTINU
] 0 2C O N T I N U E
w R t T E ( 1 6 , 2 0D1 E
)T
2 0 1 F O R M A T ( /D' e t e r m r n a notf M a l r i xA =
F 1 SS )
RETURN
n
c MATRIXCANNOTBE INVERTEDA DIACJONAL
ETEMENT
IS APPFOXII,4ATELY
7trpa\
c

Drv=A(r,r)
rF(ABS(Dtv)-ZERO)
se,ss,1
1 DO 1C1..j=1,N

A(r,J)=A(r,J)/otv
1 0 1C O N T I N U E
3(r)=B(r)/Drv
D O 1 0 2J = 1 , 1 ' 1
t F ( 1J ) 2 , 1 0 2 , 2
2 RATTO=A(J,l)
D O 1 0 3K = 1, N
) ,A T I O " A ( l , K )
A ( J , K=) A ( J , r ( F
] 0 3C O N T l N U E
B ( .)j = B ( . r ) - RTAIO - B( i )
1 0 2C O N T i i ' J U E
1 0 0C O I . I T I N U E
RFTUPN
99 WRTTE{i6,200)
2 0 0 f : O R i " { A - i (l l,'4 a l r i xC a n n c t B e I n v e r t e dS
. y s t e mo { ' ,
1i' Simult?1,'rcous
L.in...ar
EquationsCa'rnotBe Solved.')
RETURN
EI'ID

c
C EIGEfJJ

SLTBROUTINE
:C CALCULAIE
THEElcEfil.ALUESANDETGENVECTORS
OF AN l.l)iNSYirii/lLTRlC
MATFiX.

C
99DET=00
wRtTE(t6,202)
202 FORMAT(/,
MatrixCannot Be tnverted,)
It
C A L LP A U S E ( 2 )
RETURN
END
C
CSLE
SLE PROGRAM4 9
C
C SUBROUTINE
FORSOLUTION
OF N SII,4ULTANEOUS
EQUATIONS
C MATRIX
A I S N X N A N D BI S A C O L U M N
V E C i O N O FN E L E I V 1 E N T S
C A I S C O N V E R T ETDO T H EI D E N T I TM
YA T N I X
C B CONTAINS
SOLUTION
a

4r0

4 10
ElGTi.lJ FROGRA|,4

C
C
C
C

UPO|\ICCJfuIPLETICTi
THE EIGENVA.LUES
AP,ESTCPEDJNTI,]EDIAGONAL
ELElvlEN.[S
OF i,iATRiX
A (lN DESCEIJDING
ORDEA)Ir-iSEIGENVECTORS
ABE Sl-OllEDBY COLUlvlilS
lN MATRIXB.
E I G E N V A L UAE( I , I C
) O R R E S P O N DTSO E I G E N V T C T O( R
B(J,I),J-1
S I J B R O U T I NEET G E N J ( A , B , N) , N 1
DTMENSTO
A (NN 1 , N)l, 8 ( N 1 , N) 1
c o l v ? M o Nf f L c , ,s v ( 2 0 ) L
, Z ,L U , z l 1 , 7 2 2 . D11,D 2 2 , N Z Zj ' ,r S PD, P C ,D F T , U P A

c...CALCULATEINITIALAND FINALNOHMS
SET B TO IDENTITYMATRIX
rF(N.tE.0)GOTOs02
ANORM=O.O

D O 1 0 0t = 1 , N
D O 1 0 1J = l , N
t F ( t - J t2 , 1 , 2
1 B(r,J)=1.0
G OT O 1 0 1
2 B(l,J)=0.0
ANORM=ANORM+A(l,J)'A(l,J)
1 0 1C O N T I N U E
1OO
CONTINUE
ANORr"4=SORT(ANORM)
F N O R M = A r ' 1 O R .M0 'E1- 0 9 / F L O A T ( N )
C
INDICATORS
ANDCOMPUTE
THRESOLD
C... INITIALIZE

A(K,l)-AT'Sl NX+A(K,l)'COSX
10 BT-Bir(,J)
B(K,J)-BT'COSX.B(K,r).SrNX
B(K,l)=BT'SINX+B(K,l)'COSX
104CONTINUE
XT=2.0'A(J,l)'SINX'COSX
AT=A(J,J)
BT=A(l,l)
A(J,J)=AT'COSX2+BT'SlNX2'XT
A(l,t)=AT'SlNX2+BT'COSX2+XT
A(J,l)=(AT-BT)'SINX'COSX+A(J,l)'(COSX2-SlNX2)
A(r,J)=A(J,r)
DO 10s K=1,N
A(J,K)=A(K,J)
A(r,K)=A(K,l)
105CONTINUE
103CONTINUE
102CONTINUE
l F ( r N D )2 0 , 2 0 , 3
25,2s,23
20 tF (TH|]-FNORN4)

c
THR=ANORM
23 THR=THF/FLOAT(N)
3 IND=o

c
C... SCANDOWNCOLUMNSFOROFF.DIAGONAL
ELEMENTS
C GREATERTHANOREQUALTOTHRESOLO
a

DO 102l=2,N
l1=t-1
D O 10 3 J = 1, l l
) 3,4,4
rF (ABS(A(J,r))-rHR
10

c
c
c

ANOEIGENVECTORS
C,.. SORTEIGENVALUES
25DO1101=2,N
J=l
) ), 1 r 0 , 1 1 0
2 e r F ( A t J - 1 , J - 1 ) - A ( J , 3J 0
30 AT=A(J-1,J-1)
A ( J - 1 , J1-) = A ( J , J )
A(J,J)=AT
D O 1 1 1K = 1 , N
AT=B(K,J-1)
B ( K , J -)1= B ( t { , J )
B(K,J)=AT
1 1 1C O N T I N U E

SINANDCOS
COMPUTE
4 tND=1
AL=.A(J,r)
AM=(A(J,J)-A(r,r))/2.0
DBY0 = SQRT(AL'AL+AM'Al'/)
rF(DBYo.EO.0.0)
GOTOs02
A O = A U S OR T ( A L ' A L + A M ' A M )
r F ( A M )5 , 6 , 6

t - t _l

t i : ( J - 1 )11 0 , 11 0 , 2 9
110 coNTir.liiE
RETURTJ

6 SINX=AO/SORT(2.0'(1'o+SQRT(1,0'AO'AO)))
SINX2=SINX'SINX

cosx=soRT(1
.0-srNX2)
cosx2=cosx'cosx
c
c

c ,..DIVIDEBYZERO
c

I ANDJ
. R O T A T EC O L U M N S

502 LZ - -9
CALL CLSALL
cAl_LINVLID(s)
CALL PAUSE(2)
RETURN
END

D O 1 0 4 K = 1, N
t F ( K - J )7 , 1 0 , 7
7 r F ( K - r )8 , 1 0 , 8
B AT=A(K,J)
A(K,J)=AT'COSX-A(K,l)'SINX

412

.l

&i

suEFourlNEN4TRANS
coMPtirESTFrE
TRAr']sposE
rvrAr
Flx c oF r'.|\': , r
U

s u B R oll T I i! i: N,lI RAN S (A, C, N iiA, ti c A, fJ AX R, f..tz\xt

)
D it 4E N S IO N A ( f v l A X Rt ", , t A X CC) ,( M A XR ,t . 1 A X C )
D O ] O OI = 1 , N R A
D C 1 0 1J = 1 , N C A
c(J,l)= A(t,J)
t0r cotiTlNUE
1 O OC O N T I N U E
Nil UFN

IJEOF(l)
FUNCTTON
.JEOF=O
RETURN
END
C./ ADD NAME=RREAD
C
CHECKINGFOR
TO READt'.]!]EAL TiU},iBEilSFROMKEYBOARD,
C
"OUIT'."UP" OR "HELP"
O
RREAD(N,A,B,C,D)
SUBROUTINE
coMMoN /TLc/ sAVE(20)]2,LU,21,22,D1,D2'NZ'NSTEP,DEPINC'DFLT'UPA
, l1 2 , 1 3
1, l P c H , l L P ' I P L O T ' N C H A N
l l ,l 1
c o M M O N / F L S / 1 5 , 1 6 , 1 7 , 1 8 ,01, 9
coM[4ON /CHAFyMN(720),LPT
ccN4MON/ASc/ IALPHA(96)
CHARACTER'1IA.LPHA,MN
A=0.

L'iU

D=0.
i!UM=0
\,:llTE(16,9)
C
e FORMAT(1X)
1 R E A D ( | s , 1 0()M N ( M ) , M =, 1
so)
10 FORMAT(5oA1
)
DUM=TJEOF(rs)
l F ( 1 1 2 . E Q . - eW
g )R I T E ( | 1 3 , 1 0( )M N ( M ) ' M = 1 ' s 0 )
l F ( 1 6 . E O . 1 1w3R) I T E ( | 6 ' 1 1 () t ' / l ' l ( t ! 4 ) ' M = 1 , 5 0 )
C
11 FORMAT(1X,soA1)
DO20 l=l,50
t, _11-l

G(O1 T
rF(MN(12).EQ.IALPHA
) )O 2 0
GO TO 30
20 CONTINUE
GO TO 40
3 0 C A L LN U M B ( l 1 , 1 2 , l E R R , Z )
GO TO 90
rF(LZ.LT.0)
rF(rERR.EOG
. 0O
) TO 40

c
C... TONEFORIBMPC ONLY
CALLTONE

c
wRrrE(16,110)
GOTOl

415

a0 NUM*NUM+1 '
|F(NUM.EO.1)A=Z
rF(NUM.EO.2)
B=Z
lF(NUM.EO.3)
C=Z
lF(NUM.EO.4)D=Z
tF(r1.LE.l2)
GOTO 30
rF(NUM.LT.N)
GOTO1
90 RETURN
1 1 0 F O R M A T ( 1 X , l 3 H l n veanl ti d
r yl ,2 H , T r y a g a i n
END
C,iADDNAME=IREAD
TOREADNINTEGERS
FROMKEYBOARD

c""
s u B R o u T r N Er R E A D ( N , r , J , K , L )
c o M M o N / T L C /S A V E ( 2 0 ) , L Z , L U , Z l ,DZ12,,D 2 , N N
Z ,S T EP ,D E pIr ' r CD, F L T , U P A
C A L LR R E A D ( N , A , B , C , D )
lF(LZ.LT.o)
RETURN
l=A

Ml,M2,M3,M4
rF(r1z.EQ.-ss)
WRITE(|13,10)
Ml,M2,M3,M4
WRITE(16,110)
rF(r6.Eo.r13)
c
1r0 FoRMAT(1X,441)

v-o

oALL CHKALL(M1,M2,M3,M4)

RETUBN
rF(rz.LT.0)
t=1
t-1

K=1
L=1
,
D O 1 2 0K K = 1 , 9 6
l=KK
i' rF(r.EQ.1.ANO.l,41.EQ.|ALPHA{KK])
J=KK
lF(J.EO.l.AND.lv12.EC.iALPHA(i{i(i)
i(=Kl(
rFiK.EO.1.AND.i"43.EQ.lA.LPHA(;iK))
L=KK
lF(L.EO.1.fiND.M"1.EQ.lALFHA(KK))
120 COI.ITINUE
FETURN
END
C./ ADD NAI'4E=NUMB
i) TO MN(I2
FRO|VI"'1I..I(}
CONVERTSA.t\I41'STRINGCF CHARA.CTER.C
TO A RE/.LNUiIBER

C
L=D
RETURN
END
C./ ADD NAME=ABEAD
C

TO READN A1 CHARACTERS
FROMKEYBOARD
AS INTEGERVARIABLES

9.:"
s u B R o u T r N EA R E A D ( N , t , J , K , L )
c o M M o N / T L C /S A V E ( 2 0 ) , L Z , L U , Z 1D
, Z12, D
, 2 , N Z , N S T E p , D E pD
t NFCL,T , U p A
c o M l ' / o N / F L S / t 5 , t 6 , t 7 , t 8 , t 90, ,t 1 1 , t 12 , t 13 , t p C H , t L p , t p L O T , N C H A N
coMf,/oN /ASc/ TALPHA(96)
\
CHARACTER'1
IALPHA,IBL,M1,M2,M3.M4
D A T AI B U ' ' /
rsL= TALPHA(1)
r F ( L Z . E Q . - 5 . A N D . N .)EROE. T
1URN
M1=IBL
M2=IBL
M3=IBL
M4=IBL

wRrTE(r6,s)
s FORMAT(1X)
R E A D ( | 5 ,01) M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4
10 FORMAT(4AI)
DUM=TJEOF(15)

416

cr"".

trtrf

suBRouTiNE NUlvlB(l1,l2,lERR,,4)
EPINC,DFL" LJPA
DI,D2,I.IZ,NSTEP,D
SAVE{2O),IJ,LU:Z1Z2,
COMT,ION,/TLC/
coMMoN /FLS/ 15,16,l7,l8,19,i10,l1i,l12,i13,lPcl'l,lLP,lPLOT,NCl'1.:.fi
coMMot{ lA.sc/ IALPHA(96)
r COMMO|! ICHAW MIJ(7?o),LPT
0llrlENSIONNlvJ(132)
M'i,I'I2,},i3,I,i4
CHARACTER' 1 IALPHA,iJi'I,
A=DFLT
V=0
M1=MfJ(r1)
M2=itlN(11+1)
M3=Mt'l(11+2)
M4=MN(11+3)
cALL CFIKALL(M1,t{?,M3,M4)
lF(|J.LT.0) PErURl.i
NDiG=0
NEG=O
rDEC=s99
DO 100t=t1,t2
rE=l
GO TO 10
rF(MN(|).NE.IALPHA(1))
GO TO 100
IF(NEG"EO.o)
GO TO 200
.t0 DO 20 K=10,26

27-|5

4t7

r F ( M N ( t ) . N E . | A L P H Ac(O
K )T) O 2 0
r F ( K . E O . 1 3 . O R . K . E Oc.O
1 6T)O 2 0 0
t F ( N E G . N E .c0O) T O 3 0

SUBRCr.JTtit
E eFiKAl-L{t,t1,M2,f"l3,i.14)
C I iARtrtl : Eii''l i\,{1,i".t?,ivl3,ltj
"t,

tF(K.EQ.1N
2 )E G = 1
t F ( K . E O . 1N4 E
) G=-1
rF(t'iEG.NE.0)
cc To 40
NEG=1
Its=i-1
GOTO30
20 COI.ITINUE
GOTO 900
C
C
A F T E RF I R S TD | G I T

:1,M3,i.rl.l,
CA LL Oli ECli i i,4i, i.,4
5:?,53,.18,4). I )
ri: :i3..9,
CAr-LCi ltCKii'r i ,Fiz,l.43,fvl4,3ti,57
9.:;i,-9i
CAi-l- CiI 3CK(ll i,i.1?,i;'i3,Ivi4,34,35,1
1)
i, tui1,54,49,54,54,CALL C;'{ECK{M,',fvl?,\i
CALL CiIECK(t,4
, \1r I1, i l 1 , t J i , 5 0 , r , n C , 5 C , ' t )
i ),
c A L L e H E C K ( M 1 , t 1 2 ,I t, lri" l 1 , 5 41, , : " i 4 , 5 4
i t-r)
i ,ivl2,ll3,Li4,4i
.38,qI.2.9,CALL C;'iECf:ii',4
CALL CHE'i,:.:il1f,lJ,i',iI ,tl l ,3?,3232,112,-10i
9,{i9,-5)
ii,iI 4,36,,i.:j,.i
CALL CI IEt I' {f,l1,r.r,:
.':,t

' . ) i 1 E , l : ., ri ' i . j 1 , i ,i',,il, 1 i , 5 4 : i s . ; , 5 1 , ' i i

cAL!4, 1
C , ] . L LC H E ' - 1 f v l.l; ' . ' 1 , i " 1 1 , t 1 ,14, 1
r ;l . : ! 1, - i ; )
1,tvl't,
82,I 2,N.',;.1,-3i
CALL C:ii e O;"'(h,i1,r.4i, t\.,l
i]
i ;,'i; ,1,41
CALL i.;i'i:CK(li11,"':
,86,E5,i1r,36,
t A L L C i i [ a r { i : . ] i : 1 1 , 1 " 1 1 ,7131,17 3 , 7 3 , 7 3: l,)-

3 0 t F ( K . L E . 1 4 . O R . K . E Qc. O
1 CT)C 2 0 C
4 0 t F ( K . E O . 1 t5D) E C = \ D i c
NM(r)=K-17
1 O OC O N T I N U E

ENDOFNUi\,1BER

c
200 A=0.
t F ( N D t c . c Tc. o )T o 2 1 0
I1=11+1
FIEIURN
2 1 0 t F ( u D i c ' t o E c . E Q . 1 ) cTOO 9 0 0
D O 3 O OJ = l , N D I G
l F ( J . L T . I D E CA)= 10 . . A + F L O A T { N M ( t B + J ) )
r F ( J . E Q . t D EcCo) T o 3 0 0
l F ( J . c T . l D E CA) = a + F L O A T ( N M ( l B + 1
Jo) ). . . F L O A TD
( tE C - J )
300 cot']TrNUE
1i=A'FLCAi'(NJEG)
IERR=O
ll=lE+1
RETURI.J

c
c

F[:i UF:i
END
C./ADD NAtlF.=i!il;-K
C

L)
i4,K1,K2,K3.K4,
1,1.'l2,M3,t
S!-jBROUI i i' ; Cl-iF.CK(ltl
colvll.ilii iTLCI gAvE{2c),*,i-i ;'i ,72,D1,D2,l''lz,i{srlF,l::Fillc,il::l-l.4ONiASCi lALPlli\(t 6)
COr..,i
El.'1 |ALPliA,Lil ,l'4?iv'l3,li44
CHF.it,r-\Cl
IFiiLll .ll.E.|ALPilArld1
)) FETURI'J
RETURT!
Inill2.tlE.!hLPFlAiK2))
l rtlilt.N E.tAt r FiA(ii3))f-iE-iuRN
FiETURN
IF(iu4.riE.
TALPHA(K4))
| 7-l

RETURN
Ei.JD

ERRIi?

900 wRrTE(i6,s10)
9 1 0 F O R h / A TX( ,12 1
H E r r oirn n u m b efri e l d )
IERR=-1
RETURN
END
C./ADD NAME=CHKALL
C
C
CHECKSFORCHARACTERS
"OUIT","UP',"HELP,,ETC.
SPELLING

418

K.i,ilil,'il ^.r
i O ASCIICI-IAFTACTERS
fT:1iNG Ml,M2,M31.4.1
C,.)llPAP'FS

27*

this routinewili creaiethe a!J;o tons

(subroutine
TONE)
assum6

cs:codes

codes segmenl'cods'
public tone
lone proc f ar
push bp
mov bp,sp
mOV ax,0
mov dx,12h
mov bx,l 250
div bx
mov bx,ax

A e r o x o p p e . l n q r ro. cs r a r K o Br p e u A a 1 4 8 , l b l , 1 6 1
i\s: rrlrarrr,recxar
reorofuqecian roppe;lnurin2Sg
;save franie riointer
;add!'essparamelcrs
;numeralor(low word)
(highword)
divisor
;Clvide
;save quotientin BX

set 1/pitchinto timer then turn on lone

m o v a | , 1 0 1 0 1r0 b ;put tite number
out 43h,al
;into timer
rnov a:i,bx
1 / p l l c hi n t o A X
c ut 1,.2\:,:ti
;lSi into tiiir;-J:
ml\v ai,ai:
;;!:li; !n:: l;i-iti:r::
out 42tn,.,)
In al,6t h
;!eadpc!-iB inlo ,lL
or
al,3
; l u r no n b i t s 0 , 1
o u t et h . e l
to tufn on speaker
,soundthe tone for a v,,h:,e,
{ h e nt u r n i t a f i
mov cx,02FFl-jh
;set up Jcr Jei..V
Jt/ait loop wait
,delay
in al,61h
;reacJportB into liL
a n d a 1 , 1111 1 0 0 1 r ;mask lo,,vertwo bits
'to turn off speaker
out 61h,al
pop bp
rel
lone endp
cldes ends

TIPEIMETHbINYKA3ATEJIb*

r e s t o r ef r a m e p o i n t e r
return

A3IJMVT bi)

.A",ru'rcpHaruna
rHnoreslt 90, 9b
yga 285
-Ar:l"rr.r'i
Aua.rusBpeMeHHbrx
paaon 305-308
/\Hr..rrr3-rroBepxHocreri
rpeHAa7-9, 16, 85, 94_97, l0g, l3B_175, t 8 1 , 1 8 3I ,9 9 2 0 0 .2 0 8 - 2 1 3 . 2 3 0
* @ y p r e2 5 3 , 2 8 3 - 3 0 1
r \ n n i ) o K C r l M a Ur p
ua
n n e U u r u U7 0
- 21ll
Eesl''c;onuaaneponruocrl 3l
ben.'rMaHa
npriuuun245
Bncrpoe npeo6paeoaaHrre
Oypre 180
Bexrop
- lo.rrorrr 55
- u l H p o r u5 5
BepoaiHocrr l8
- reoMerDl.rqecKafl
12
Bsaunuaa-roppe.norparurr.ra
259
t13Beu eHHaff KJracrepr.rsaur{s
cpeAHr.ix247, 254-257
BeseurrsarcIllaaQyrixunn296; 908, 98, i0l, l0b-114, 120-121, t 2 7 - t 2 5 , t 8 l
uo3Be.leHlte
MarDllubrB creneHb134
Bpauresuesapr.iMaxc
299
Bfevenuoii rpeug-aua,ras305-308, 379
Bn6onxa
- 6e! nosapatJeHr.ln
27
- c Bo3Bpau{eHr.reM
26
I ' a p u o u u x u7 3 . i 7 0 - 1 8 3
fapnoHuvecxuh auanug 289
I eorofuqecKalxoppe,rtqur 265
I eolretptuecxoecpeAHee
39, 105-106
leocrarucruxa 12, 274-283, l2l-132
lerep ocenacruqloc"tr 223
!,anuue nHrepna,rrnofirrKa!'rbr15, 326, 338
- nopsAKoBori
uxa,nu 15, 98, ll7, 163
- ul(aJ'rbrorqoruenrlft15, 326. 338
aHarlts 219-232, 349-350
,Il,nyxrpynnonori
ArrcKpHMriHasrslrii
134
AHaroHa.[ruaqMarpuua
'
!,r.icuepcax44, 45
.Il,ucnepcuao6re4rrHenuofiau6opxu 242
oHepfernqecxilii
.[,rtcxpernsrir
cnemp 298
n a u s a n o a u r r2 8 5 . 1 7 3
I{prrQr 278
3axoH nponopuxoHad'rbHbrx
eQQexroe109
3arnxnyfar $opua 77
* Xlipnuu

420

txpn$roM BbrAeneHbr
crpaHHrIHBroporo roMa.

421

ll,:tonnnuu 77
J [ : o n a - t r r r i ,1r 8 8
I ' l u r t l l t n p o o l r r l i cI r o l { e r u I V f i p r i i u ( l y t - o . l t , t i l rIx7o0n
I I i t l c i ' t .l,.,'., ; r r 1r r6 7 - 1 6 9
K r r p ' r 'o
a u r r i o o ;I, ;l { 1 , l l 8 - 1 2 1 , I z g I : 1 2
- - p a 3 H o L r r le0rii- 1 0 2 , l 0 i j - 1 0 7 , 1 3 3 ,
135
Ii.earlparuaxcers 89
I1.:raccHQrliarq
ufi 245
l("racrepu:riui
n 2 19-220, 2 lit
K,racrepu rorreK15-25-30, 34, 164, 2lS-2Sg
Iiourpolr,ur,rcroqxn g9-l 00
Iloppe"uorpanua253
i\opperr(ur llti-ll7
- c e p u : l J b r r J1r r8 9 ,2 5 2
K o r Q Q u u n c n rK o p p e n r q r nSr l
- - Ko(ieHCrrrqcclririi
2t0, 2i6-257
- - M H o x e f - B t l l i . ' i2 0 S ,l 1 l , 2 l 6
- - lluocora116
- - C l i r p r , r , . rl:1. .7
I ( o r r b , i , l r r t n , : u r irdrrr o i i p r . fp e c c r l r2 1 0 , 2 1 3 - 2 l B
i(paesoi'i:Qrfex'r 30-31, 162
K p a N r e p lai i r a t s n " l1o4 6 - 1 4 8
i i p l r r e p l i i i l i i . r i i c r i c o r ;1aI 5
- , r I r r . ' r u e u $ o p c a1 2 1
- P:-trcn 47-48
- @ecrrurtrxepa t l5
Xore.lrirrla229, 235-238
K1'6it'ricrttiii cn,r,rr..rH
235-211
l ( y 6 r r u e c i , ei;\ r , o _
. ;1i r,r p c H f- r r o t s e i ) \ H o c1i ;5i 6 , l 6 8
A]'CoqHn.'IilHeilHLic
g5_ 9Z
r,reTO,Ia
rra]r]lerrblr]ilx
KBaApaTOB
^fi1)OUeAJ.pLr
K v c " ' ; 1 ; ' , c. 1n . r ; i r i 2r r3 4 - - : - l l , b ;
Jlar 23G,294
- oritrrLiare.rsutril
265
- no.:io;*(irTc,lr,rti,rfi
263
illrHear,rcHrlr
"Tantrctira50--53
-rlittteilrilt
a rrHTci)trc.lq'{trr16g-- I 7l
- N { o J . . . ,rrl b
o , t t B : ] l , i H o r p ; t r r2v8n0 , 1 3 3
- r"'rotrocn 35-37
- n p o c i r ; l r r9r 8
- p e r p , J c c r2
r r4l 2 - 2 3 4 , 2 9 3 , 3 0 1 , 1 0 8 , 1 6 9 , 1 9 0
- qe,'rbi I
,..'lnHefiloc
\:paBr{eir)lc
95. l2l. lJ3. I 12
rrrreirH
utii cn..ir.rlit92--293
"rl
- r p e r r .2l 10
Marpurla 128-142
- a B r . . l a c c o l r i l u t i1t r7r2 , 1 8 5
* aBrofioB.ipv.al\tm259-250, 277
- r e , l u r r l r q n a1s2 8
- xnalparual 133
- o 6 p a r u a n1 3 8
- nepexoAHr,rr
eepoarrrocrclil8l
- - qacror 182
- c H M M e l p n q H a1f2l 7
- cMerrraHHbr-\
npou3Be.leHlii
209, 217, 223
llerauux.loreua 333-335
MeAuana39
Mcrol <guroii Kolxxn>22
422

- rlaxculryMarrpaBAoaoAo6us.
299, 306_307
- irarrrrerrbtrlix
r(BaAparoB242._211,299,9.1,96, 152, 166, l69, 20g_:10
Mo.ca 39
MorEernuHepuulr58
TscceHa83
nlrroroq,reHnr
- oproroHa,rrtuue225-229, 308
n{uoroyro"rrlur.rx
83
- .!,upux,re 83
,uHOrO5trOrl6HrrXU
BOpOilOr
O 83
Alrro;Nure,rri
,rlarpauxa I l3
Ilole.rlr noJ'rytsapr.rof
paMMbr
- .r-rHeirHaq
282
- c Q e p u v e c x a2a8 1
- - JKcrror{eHr{Ha,rsHafl
282
Iio,lenu xy6lruecrtoiirpeHtr-non!p_\:socru
156
illr npanneHHste
;larrHrreJ7-- i3
I IessselierrHoel,cpelrrrHirc2ui
i ieo6pa6orauusrit
auepreruuecxrrii
cncxrl; 292
I lerrapa$rerprrrrcctiue
crarrrcllrxrrI I I -123, 194-202
I I r ' , re. a q r : r n o t e : r9 0 , 9 5
06:i,e;luHeurran
nll6opria 50
- .qucncpuln242
Oxr4aelroe plccroflHu,:r
6.ru;,xaiirurro
cocejla90, gb-96
()xrrAaeuas qacrota 22, 23
Oriuo llapsena 298
t)irepaurioHHaq
raKcoHoMlJrrecliiir
L.-1ulrhua
2 ii6
O p r o r u u ; r l t r r s rS
e a x r o p H u co c l r ! 6 1
Ucraro'rHaR
I r a r p n u r x o n a p l r a u r r2i i9 8
O'ruocurealsar qacrora 33, 39
Oruourenne,xapaKreptrsylot4ce
vcrrex23-25, 7 l--72
OtterrxaHecr'reuleHHaR
45
- o r u u 6 x al l l , 1 2 9
UII]]JOKA

nepBofopola 6 6
Broporo poAa 66

[laa,eHse55
IIapa.u,re;rluue
rlrHHrrfioucKal3
llepeonpele;ieHHarlrarplqa 30J
IleprroluuecxneKoMroHeHrbr
173-183
flepuolltvHocrn 289
flepHo4orpauMa293
Iloaepxuoct rpeHAanepBoficrenelllr I67
.llcllcri s oKTaHre99
flo,ruuor,rua,ruHarr
DerDecctrr213-229
flo.riiirouHa.ntHoe
2 l4
vDa;rreHrie
fl o.,;uriolr li a,rI Hslii'cr,r ax<ll earcul rrri ri n,li,r o 305-3 08
I l o . r n p u a no c u 6 4
fio,rrpuoe npeo6pa3oBarrue
O1'ple 68, 70-77
Ilonpanxa Veinca 271
Iloprlox ApeHa)KHoro
6accefisa210-2ll
floualosHii a,lfopurM ArJcKpHMuHarrrHoro
aHa,rusa290
flpanu,ro yMHoxeHriflnepolruocrefi 30
Ilpe;lnournrelbnoe HalpaBJrelve 47
llpuBeAeHHarnJ'raBHar
ocb 229
llpo6lena EroQQoua12
- Jlannaca 12
flpoelrrrrrs,IIana6epa
panHon,noulaluar64

423

f l p o c l t p aH r r e5 5
[ D o c r o * p r a @ y p r e7 2
l lpocrprlct BeHHoe
ycpelnenue
2e7
llpoueaypaft-cpeaurrx
257

I IprMoyroJ'lbHan
ceru l2
Ilceerloroulin 88
P a n H o l r e p r r acax e u a l 6 - 1 9
PaHrnI l3
P a H r o e r RK o p p e r f l t i u rCr n u p n a e HI al Z
}. acnpele,reJt
ue
- 6ulro4a,rtuoe60
- 6 n l r o t v r u a . l l u2o2e, 3 3 , 1 9 5
- reoMerpuqecxoe
26
- rrinepfeoMerpruecxoe
28
-- 0orr Milseca 43-45
- noJirnoMrra.llgo
2e
6
- rropMrrbloe
2 4 , 3 7 ,4 7 , 6 1 , l 0 l
- orprrua'rertuoe6uHolrua
n uoe 24, 26,
- flyaccoHa 26, lg2
- Cruro,tenra 74
- roqcx l6-19
- yuutrole,rluoe 60
- < D u u r e pl a
8l
- x2 !t7-103
- Xore;ruura229
Paccrosrrueenx"rurlono
228
- ,Nta:ianoHo6uca
229
- o6o6ueuuoe242
- no -\opAe236-238
- y'z331
PeruroHa"lrr:osaHrraq
nepeMevsag274
Perroua,rtuuii rpena 135, 164
Ilerpeccux202-i29, l0B, l3B-170, 222
- MrroxecrBeHHas
133-170, 208-218
- ne,turterlHa
n 215-220
- n o u a r o e a q2 1 8
P e r y ; r n p H a cl x e n a l 6
l'ucx 72
CrnaxusaHrre297, 305
Cerr 89-102, 180
CriHycoarla,ruHag
no,rna 285
Cxa'iru 194-202
Cxopocru rrolBJ"reHrrfl
co6btrnri192
C,reg rvrarpuqlrI54
Caoxesue nepoarrrocrefi29
- uarpriq 129
C,ryqariHaq
26
Bbr6oDr(a
Cayuaftuancxeua 19-26
C.ryuaiiuoe6,rryx4anue37
C;ryuafiunre
co6trruq 185-194, 22
Coaoxynuocrr,38
CoceAuruccenoscxrre
85
Cnerrpa;lrur,rft at,anus 283
Cn,rafin234
Cpeluee Hanpan.neHue
4l
- orxnoneuue4l
Qpeauuexna4parn 91, 96
UpeAHrr qacrora rrorBneHr.rs
co6brrufi 187
424

Crau.taprusatlas 60
C ' r ; r H 1 : r p r u a a I { o p t \ ' I a , ' I b H aQr o p u a 6 0 , 1 9 5
C'rru.ruprttsoeaHHaapaaHocru 230
- - r r : l c r r r a r p e r p e c c u n2 1 5
C : l r t t - t ri t r t r a q o n n 6 r < a 6 5
C ' l r r H , ] ap r t t o c o r x , r o H e u t t e 4 0
Cra:'rrcrttiia 38
Crlliiotl:tpuocrs 294
,.-iire irri cnc6oAlt 73, 152
i l 1 ; - . r1, ; 1 r i r a $ r r u e c K a rx o p p e . rn r t t t s t2 7 2
( i I ; > v r i li p H u r r i a u a , l u 3 p e r l l o J I J , i l t 3 o B a t t H b t xI l e p e l l e l r H H x 2 8 1 - 2 8 3 , t l l - l 2 l
C t ' l l , r : r n p o r r s n e g e t r u i rI r e H i l ) n p o B a l I H b l r n e p e M e l l l l r , l x4 7
C t l e p r r u e c x o e p a c n p e r e . T e H cl t. 5 4 - 5 7
- ; : . : , t i , L t : , t s r p a H s l l I l r ' H b l u l lx\ a a . r p : i r o n3 0 2
Ilr6,rttlsi clyqaiittux quce.t 52
I i l t i i o F l o l l i l r l e c i l o ep a c c r O l u u e 1 9 8
'f
r opelra Eaiieca 3l
Toli 3l
1 r , i , , q r i r . i iii< p a i r l l t H rI l 0 - 1 2 1

i ' ,r r - r1 3 3 - 1 7 5

, . : , ,l , , . t r . u t r K I IA e . r o g e 8 3
i )i l .i ; l i ' li C i l a I b H a A M a T p l r q a 2 3 8
p i r . l r r r \ ' . ruf ln a 8 I - 8 8
p i ; r , t 6 i r , l e c i i t t r ir n t r r oofq , ' I e HB 6

! : , r r j ( ri i ! I i r r er r r a r p n u1 3 0
-- neponrnocrerl30
). r: it'i,. r.rssttitlipalirunr l2l-ln
- Toala S06
,t'i, . i; r:r:.:LLIennapI:r
i ' 1 ' r . r t ; r i3i ,u : l r r r r M o c6. ri r, r7 0 - 7 9
! ' r ' .r i j B i l i i i ln e p O l T u O C T 3
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