Longhorn Terminology

"Exposed" - a cow is in the same pasture as a bull. She may or may not be
pregnant.
"Open" - a cow is assumed or proven not to be carrying a pregnany. Opposite
of guaranteed pregnant.
"Service Sire" - a term designated to the identification of the specific bull
accessible that may or may not have "serviced" or "bred" a certain cow.
"DNA" - typing of cattle is 100 percent accurate in determining who is the
correct sire or dam. Blood or hair with roots from a sire, dam and offspring
can be sent to a qualified lab and blood experts can tell if the offspring
qualifies as the correct progeny of specific parents. DNA cannot tell what
race or breed is being tested, but research is being developed.
"Bred" - may have different meanings. Bred (verb - past tense of breed) -- a
cow can be physically bred or serviced by a bull. (She may or may not have
conceived.) Bred (noun) --the cow is bred means the cow is pregnant.
"AI or AI'ed" - is short for Artificial Insemination or Artificially
Inseminated.
"Clean" - refers to a Longhorn with a trim profile without a loose double chin
look, a low brisket or huge naval flap.
"Calving ease" - to a Longhorn producer it means never assisting a cow to
give birth. To an average commercial rancher it means not pulling calves at
birth on over 20 percent of their first calf heifers. To a producer of large
thick exotic breeds, it means not to pull over 40 percent of the calves and
not to lose over 5 percent of the cows at birth.
"Bird legged" - means cattle that are very trim and have small fine bones in
their legs and frame. It is normally associated with cattle that grow slow
and carry minimal muscle.
"Easy Fleshing" - is one of the most valuable traits for any livestock. It
means they maintain or gain weight with economical or low cost feed, most
generally without any feed grain input.

Longhorn Terminology

"Trim" - refers to cattle that are slender, light weight or extra feminine
with tight skin.
"Full figured" - refers to cows well filled out, thick and heavy. With fashion
models, "trim" is a good word. With cows "full figured" is best.
"ITLA" - is the Texas Longhorn registry that records and promotes
Longhorn cattle. ITLA registers about 35 percent of all Longhorns. ITLA
stands for International Texas Longhorn Association.
"TLBAA" - stands for Texas Longhorn Breeders Association of America.
They register about 60 percent of all Longhorns. TLBAA is the historic
association that registered the early foundation cattle.

"Tip to tip" - is the historical horn measurement most used to evaluate horn
spreads. It is a measurement from the exact horn tip across to the other
horn tip in a perfectly straight line. It may be shortened to "T2T." Of
numerous methods of horn measurements, T2T is the most accurate and
popular.
"Total measurement" - is a horn measurement which identifies the total
distance from tip to tip down and around the horn curl. A pole or total
measurement is always longer than a tip to tip measurement and may vary
several inches depending on the person measuring, the method of
measurement and how still the critter holds its head.
"Base circumference" - a horn measurement around the horn base at the
hairline.
"Clear title" - means the seller has complete ownership of the cattle
offered for sale. Some cattle are mortgaged and the seller may not have the
to sell or transfer ownership without making a bank payment.
"205" - is an average number of days for most calves to be weaned. This is
the exact number of days more cattle are evaluated and weighed to
determine genetic growth values. "365" is also a popular weight data date.

Longhorn Terminology

"In Between Milker" - is a cow that gives too much milk for coffee, but not
enough for cereal. In other words, she will starve a calf to death.
"Proven sire" - is an often used term that means the bull has had had one or
more calves. It's neither negative nor positive. A sire can be proven "bad,"
"good" or otherwise.
"Goat Horned" - is a small horn set that points upward.
"Flat Horned" - is a lateral horn growth direction that grows out and not up
or down.
"Profile" - is the strongest line of anatomy created by the side view
silhouette or outline shape of cattle.
"Pedigree" - a record of a line of ancestors making an expanded shape by
genealogical chart lines. The more proven high quality animals that appear
close up in a pedigree, the more value to the pedigreed animal. Each
generation reduces the contribution of an ancestor by 50 percent. A strong
known pedigree is one of the most important value traits in quality cattle.
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