18 Marking scheme: Worksheet

The waves on the rope are reflected at the fixed end.

The superposition of a progressive wave from the vibrating loose end and its reflected wave
produces a stationary (standing) wave.

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Progressive wave

Stationary wave

Energy is transferred from one point to

another in the direction of wave travel.

Energy is stored by the vibrating particles.

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There are no points or particles that always

have zero displacement.

There are some points that always have zero

displacement or amplitude.

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There is a phase difference between

adjacent points of the wave.

All points within a loop or between

adjacent nodes oscillate in phase.

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All points have the same amplitude.

The amplitude varies from zero at the nodes

to maximum at the antinodes.

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The nodes (N) are shown correctly.

The antinodes (A) are shown correctly.
b A node is a point of zero amplitude.
An antinode is a point of maximum amplitude.
c

Separation between two adjacent nodes =

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2
separation between adjacent nodes = 3.0 cm

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= 2L = 2 3.0 = 6.0 cm
4

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= 80 cm
2
Wavelength, = 2 80 = 160 cm (1.6 m)
b v = f
v = 20 1.6
v = 32 m s1

COAS Physics 1 Teacher Resources

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Original material Cambridge University Press 2005, 2008

18 Marking scheme: Worksheet

correct stationary wave pattern

node and antinode both shown on the diagram
b Fundamental mode of vibration implies that the length of the air column is equal to
one quarter of a wavelength; that is: L =
c

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= 4L = 4 0.17 = 0.68 m
v = f
v = 490 0.68
v = 333 m s1 330 m s1

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There are three loops of the stationary wave. Therefore:

3
= 1 .6
2
= 1.6 2 = 1.067 m 1.1 m
3
v = f
v = 400 1.067
v = 427 m s1 430 m s1
There are four
4

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sections of the stationary wave. Therefore:

= 0.60

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= 0.60 m

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v = f

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f =

340
0.60

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f 570 Hz
8

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For the first loud sound, we have:

For the second loud sound, we have:
Subtracting these equations gives:
The wavelength of sound is:
v = f
v = 256 1.3 = 333 m s1 330 m s1

COAS Physics 1 Teacher Resources

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= 30 + c (c = end-correction)
4
3
= 95 + c
4

= 95 30 = 65 cm
2
= 2 65 = 130 cm (1.3 m)

Original material Cambridge University Press 2005, 2008

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