Русско-Английский Юридический Словарь

Docendo discimus
2004-16 WWW.MIRIPRAVO.RU - , , lexmercatoria
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abandon; abandonment.
to abandon.
paragraph; to begin a new paragraph.
abolitionism.
subscription.
subscriber.
to subscribe (to); to book.
abortion; miscarriage.
abrogation.
absenteeism.
guarantor of a bill; surety on a bill.

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aval; guarantee, security; surety for a bill; ~ to sign a bank guarantee; ~ to present a bank guarantee;
~ period (term) of a bank guarantee.
advance, payment in advance, advance payment, prepayment; deposit, part payment; ~ payment on account; advance
against payments; ~a advance payment; ~a payment of an advance; ~ cash advance; ~ to
advance; ~ to pay off an advance.
advance, advancing.
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to advance, to pay an advance; to pay on account.
as an advance; by way of an advance.

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( ) accident; () breakdown; ( ) crash; ( ) derailment; () damage; ( )
shipwreck; (, , ) average; ~ compensable average; ~ general/gross average;
~ particular/partial average; ~ general average deposit; ~ average clause;
~ general average expenses; ~ general average losses; ~ free of all average;
~ with average; ~ with particular average; ~
insurance against average.
emergency; average.
airline, air carrier; air-route, airway; ~ all-cargo airline; ~ passenger airline; ~ scheduled
airline.
carriage by air, air transportation.
airfreight.
transport by road, road transport; transport by truck, trucking.
author; ~ author of invention, inventor.

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author's, inventor's; ~ author's fee; ~ author's contract; ~oe copyright; ~oe certificate of
authorship; ~ copyright law; ~ to violate a copyright; ~ infringement of a
copyright; piracy; ~ assignment/cession of a copyright.
motor transport; motor-vehicle transport.
assets; holdings; deposits; ~ frozen/blocked assets; ~ liquid/quick assets; ~ current assets;

~ to freeze assets; ~ to unfreeze assets.
agent; broker; ~ lessor's agent; ~ general agent; ~ commercial agent; ~

monopoly/exclusive agent; ~ marine agent; ~ o purchasing agent; ~
forwarding/shipping agent; ~ sales/distributing agent; ~ real estate broker; ~
distributor; ~ dealer; ~ commission/fee; / ~ to conclude a contract/an
agreement with an agent; ~a agent's authority; ~a rights of an agent; ~ cooperation through
agents.
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agency service; ~ agency service as per contractual obligations; ~
agency service of a passenger ship; ~ agency service of a dry-cargo ship; ~ agency service of a tanker;
~ agency service for ships; ~ conditions/terms of ship's agency service.
agency, agent's.
agency, branch; local office; distributorship; ~ government agency; ~ estate agency; ~

sole agency; ~ copyright agency; ~ advertising/publicity agency; ~
exclusive agency; ~ insurance agency; ~ ship's agency; ~ trade agency; ~ transport agency;
~ shipping agents/forwarding agents.
agents; secret service.
agrement; ~ to give an agrement; ~a to refuse to give an agrement; ~ to receive an agrement.

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aggression; ~ to be subjected to aggression; ~ to fall victim to smb's aggression; ~ indirect
aggression; ~ direct aggression.
attorney, counsel, lawyer; ~ counsel for the defence; ~ counsel for the plaintiff; ~ counsel for the prosecution;
~ o civil practice lawyer; ~ succession lawyer; ~ labour lawyer;
~a to summon a counsel; ~a to defend oneself by a counsel; ~ the Bar;
~ to take the counsel's opinion; ~a to hire a counsel/a lawyer.
/
advocacy; legal practice; practice of law; ~ to practice law; ~ to admit to the Bar.
() addendum.
adequate, sufficient, equal to.

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administrative; managerial; ~ administrative responsibility; ~ administrative legal capacity; ~
administrative sanction; ~oe administrative law; ~oe administrative infraction/violation; ~
administrative measures.
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administrative and territorial; ~oe administrative and territorial division of a country.
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administrative.
administrator; ~ administrator ad litem.
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administration, operating management, authorities; ~ management report; ~
administration/office/management expenses.
address; ~ business/office address; ~ current/temporary address; ~ incorrect address;

~ postal address; ~ proper/correct address; ~ legal address; ~y to dispatch/send at the
address.
sender; () consignor.
addressee; () consignee; ( ) offeree.
to address.
adultery; , ~ adulterer; adulteress.
agio, exchange premium.

/: ~
gamble; gambling; ~ gambler.
area of water.
acquirer.
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accreditation; ~ to obtain accreditation; ~ to prolong creditation.
letter of credit, bill of credit; ~ unlimited letter of credit; ~ valid letter of credit; ~ nonconfirmed/unconfirmed letter of credit; ~ unpaid letter of credit; ~ confirmed letter of credit; ~
paid letter of credit; ~ overdue letter of credit; ~ guaranteed letter of credit; ~a holder of a
letter of credit; ~a issue/issuance of a letter of credit; ~a failure to open a letter of credit; ~ to cancel a
letter of credit; ~ to revoke a letter of credit.
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accredited; ~ to be temporarily accredited; ~ to be permanently accredited.
to accredit.
1. () certificate, statement; deed; instrument; note; record; 2. () act, action; ~ administrator's

deed; ~ act of state; ~ act of purchase; ~ seizure note; ~
statement of shortage; ~ deed of conveyance; ~
abandonment; ~ deed of trust; ~
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-. deed of settlement; ~ certificate of audit; ~ judicial act; ~ acts of a

civil status; ~ legislative act; ~ mortgage deed; () ~ international (legal) act;
~ standard/normative act; ~ transfer deed/deed of assignment; ~ legal act; ~
claim/certificate of damage ; ~ draw up a protocol.
assets, holdings, resources; ~, trust assets; ~ rented assets;

~ government assets abroad; ~ hypothecated assets; ~ frozen/blocked assets; ~
current/liquid assets; ~ non-liquid/high-risk assets; ~ available assets.
acceptance; ~ acceptance of a bill; ~ acceptance of a draft/draft acceptance; ~ acceptance for honour;

~ credit acceptance; ~ general acceptance; ~a refusal of acceptance/non-acceptance; ~e to refuse
acceptance; ~ to complete/draw up an acceptance; ~ payment by acceptance; ~ to pay an acceptance;
~ sign acceptance; ~ obtain acceptance; ~y present documents for acceptance;
~a discount of an acceptance.
acceptor.
acceptance; ~ acceptance credit.
acceptance; ~ acceptance for honour; ~ consumer acceptance; ~ .

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accepted, honoured; protected; sighted; ~ to be accepted.
accept, honour, provide with an acceptance; ~ to accept a patent application; ~ to dishonour a bill.
excise, excise duty, indirect tax; ~ excisable; ~ excise.
shareholder, stock holder, stock-owner, holder of stocks; ~, majority shareholder;

~ registered shareholder.
joint-stock; corporate; ~ joint-stock company; corporation; ~ joint-stock bank.

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1. () action; ~ demarche; ~ act of terrorism; 2. ( ) share, stock; ~
bearer share/shares to bearer; ~ registered stock; ~ ordinary share; ~ founders'
share; ~ shareholder/stockholder/stock-owner; ~ redemption of shares; ~ share dividend/dividend
yield; ~ controlling parcel of shares; ~ transfer of shares/stock transfer; ~ to hold shares;
~ to issue shares; ~ to pay off shares; ~ to subscribe/to apply for shares; ~ to
acquire shares.
alibi; ~ to alibi; ~ to have an alibi; ~ to establish alibi.

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alimony; maintenance; ~ to sue for alimony; ~ to award alimony; ~ alimony in
general.
dipsomaniac; drunkard; ~ chronic alcoholic.
allonge; ~ to annul/ to cancel an allonge; ~ to sign an allonge; ~ term of guarantee

on an allonge.
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alternative; ~ alternative judgement.
alternative.
alliance; ~ to conclude an alliance.
to amnesty; to give an amnesty/a pardon.

/
amnesty; pardon; ~ to declare an amnesty; ~ to be given an amnesty.
amoral; immoral; ~ immoral deed.
amortization, depreciation.
/
amortization, depreciation; ~ depreciation of equipment; ~ allowance for depreciation; ~ amortization
fund; ~ to write off for depreciation.
to amortize, to depreciate; to charge off.
analysis; ~ data analysis; ~ income-expenditure analysis; ~ () cost analysis; ~

budget analysis; ~ loss analysis; ~ statement analysis; ~
financial analysis; ~ operating business analysis; ~ to make analysis/to analyze.
to analyze.
analytical.
analogue; ~ international standards.

/
analogy; ~ on the analogy (of).
analogous, similar.
to annex.
annexation.
annuity; ~ life annuity; ~ terminable annuity.

/
(, ) cancellation, abrogation, termination, annulment, nullification, rescission; ( ) abolition; (
) nullification, invalidation, annulment; revocation; withdrawal; ( ) reversal; ~
revocation of an inventor's certificate; ~ cancellation/termination/nullification of a contract; ~
revocation of a licence; ~ lawsuit for cancellation.
(, ) to annul, to cancel; to abrogate; () to denounce; ( ) to invalidate; to

nullify; to revoke; to withdraw.
anonym.
anonymous.
anti-state.
antidumping.
antiinflationary.
anti-constitutional; unconstitutional.
anti-social; ~ anti-social deed.
stateless person.
appeal; appealing.
to appeal; ~ to appeal to a higher instance.
appellant.
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appellate; ~ an appeal; ~ appellate court.
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appeal; ~ appellant; ~ appellee; , ~ decision on appeal; ~ period
allowed for appealing; ~ to dismiss an appeal; ~ to appeal; ~ to consider an appeal;
~ to satisfy an appeal; ~ on appeal; ~ appeal case.
apparatus; () staff, personnel; ~ administrative managerial machinery; ~ state

machinery, machinery of the state.
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approbation, approval; ~ receive practical approval.
approbate, approve.
arbitrator, arbiter; ~a disqualification of an arbitrator; ~a functions/duties of an arbitrator; ~a

challenge to an arbitrator.
arbitrage; arbitration; ~ appeal to arbitration; ~ international commercial arbitration;

~ to turn to arbitration; ~ to refer/submit a dispute to arbitration; ~a award/decision;
~ settlement of a dispute through arbitration.
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arbitrage; arbitration; arbitrate; ~ arbitration procedure; ~oe recovery through arbitration; ~ arbitration
court; ~ to arbitrate disputes.
argument; reason; ~ to refute arguments; ~ merit of the defence; ~ to present arguments.
to advance arguments/reasons.
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lease, leasing, rent, renting; demise; tenancy; ~y to lease/to tenant; ~y to renew a lease; ~ lease
agreement; ( ) contract of tenancy; ~ transfer of tenancy; ~y to extend a lease;
~ to lease/to give on lease.
( ) tenant; () leaseholder, lessee, leaver; ~ tenant at will; ~ long-lease

tenant; ~ life tenant; ~a lessee's responsibility.
/
rental, lease, leasing; ~ rent.
leased; tenanted.
( ) to rent; () to lease, to take on lease; () to charter.
lessor.
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arrest; (, , ) arrest; (, ) attachment; () confiscation, seizure; ()

sequestration; ~ arrest of cargo; ~ seizure of property: attachment; ( )
garnishment; ~ arrest of a vessel under legal process; ~a seizure of property/award
of sequestration; ~ warrant of arrest; ~a withdrawal of an attachment; ~ to levy an attachment order/to order
the seizure; ~ to withdraw an attachment; ~ to keep under arrest; ~ authorized arrest.
rrestee; arrested person.
to arrest; to seize, to confiscate; ( ) to attach; () to lay embargo.

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assembly; ~ UN General Assembly; ~ ~ to call/to summon the assembly.
/ 1. () allocation; appropriation; assignment; earmarking; 2. () allocations; appropriations; ~
military allocations; ~ allocations for social needs; ~ budgetary appropriations/appropriations of
funds; ~ undrawn allocations; ~ consolidated appropriations; ~ non-recurring provisions; ~
reimbursement of expenditures; ~ funding level; ~ apportionment of appropriations.
to appropriate, to allocate, to assign.
assortment; choice; line; range; selection range; ~ range of production; ~ range produced; ~
commercial range of goods; ~e delivery in the agreed assortment; ~e difference in assortment;
~ to change the assortment; ~ ( ) to specify the range; ~ discuss the assortment.
association; ~ the Bar Association; ~ corporate association; ~ arbitration

association; ~ trade association.
associated.
attache; ~ military attache; ~ commercial attache.
certificate; ~ quality certificate.

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attestation; ~ certification of output; ~ be attested.
audit; auditing.
auditor; ~a auditor's report.
auction; public sale; ~ international auction; ~ open auction; ~a regulations of an auction;

~a to sell at (by) auction.
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auctioneer.
auction.
autopsy; post-mortem examination.
cheat; confidence trick; fraud; speculation.
cheat; double-dealer; speculator.
affect; passion; ~a in the heat of passion.
affidavit; ~ to make an affidavit.
airport; ~ airport of destination; ~ alternate airport; ~ commercial airport; ~

international airport; ~ customs airport.
basis; ~ military base; ~ plant storage facilities; ~ resource base; - ~

material and technical basis; ~ production facilities; ~ repair base; ~ source of raw materials;
~ customs ware house; ~ supply depot; ~ financial base.
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base; ~ basis gains; ~ basis losses.
bachelor; holder of a Bachelor's degree; ~ Bachelor of Law.
balance; () balance sheet; ~ balance of income and expenditure; ~ costeffectiveness balance; ~ cash flow balance; ~ fixed assets balance; ~
balance of consumer goods; ~ balance of goods and services; ~ budget of labour; ~ active/positive
balance; ~ bank balance sheet; ~ budgetary sheet; ~ balance of foreign trade;
~ liquidation balance sheet; ~ unfavourable balance; ~ balance of payments; ~ to
balance; strike a balance; ~ to make up a balance.
bulk carrier.
to run; to stand for election.

10
band; gang.
bandit; gangster; outlaw; ~ armed robber.
banditry.
bank; ~ borrowing bank; ~ lending bank; ~ paying bank; ~ bank for

international settlements; ~ acceptance bank; ~ deposit bank; ~ investment bank;
~ mortgage bank; ~ clearing bank; ~ commercial bank; ~ savings bank; ~ loan
bank; ~ central bank; ~ private bank; ~ emitting bank; ~ to deposit money in
(with) a bank; ~e to draw money from a bank.
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acceptance bank; merchant banker.
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collecting bank.
banker.
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corresponding bank.
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creditor bank.
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banknote; ~ circulating banknotes; issue of banknotes; withdrawal of banknotes;
issue of banknotes.
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banking; ~ banking operations; ~ banking services; ~ bank credit; ~ bank interest.
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paying bank.
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remitting bank.
bankrupt, defaulter, insolvent; ~ to declare oneself bankrupt; ~ to become bankrupt; ~

adjudication in bankruptcy.
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bankruptcy; failure; insolvency; ~ bankruptcy case; ~ bankruptcy of a bank; ~a make bankrupt.
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parent bank.
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barratry; barratrous conduct; ~ barrator.
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barrister; counsel; ~ chamber barrister.
barter; ~ indirect barter; ~ direct barter.

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barter; ~ barter transaction; ~ barter agreement.
barrier, obstacle; ~ discriminatory barriers; ~ non-tariff barriers; ~

protectionist barriers; ~ customs barriers; ~ tariff barrier; ~ trade barrier; ~ to sidestep
barriers; ~ to overcome barriers; ~ to raise barriers; ~ to remove barriers.
to strike; to go on strike.
vigilance; watchfulness.
vigilant; watchful.
escape; flight; ~ - hit-and-run driving.

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misery; poverty; need; indigence; ~ below the poverty line.
calamity; disaster; ~ act of God; natural calamity.
refugee.
accident-free, faultless.
celibacy; single state.
free of charge, gratuitously; gratis; ~ to hand over without compensation.

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uncompensated, free (of charge), gratuitous, gratis; unpaid; ~ free/gratis use; ~ on a gratis basis.
statelessness.
inaction; inactivity; omission/failure to act; ~ wanton failure/omission; ~ involuntary failure/omission;

~ criminal failure/omission; ~ deliberate/wilful failure.
childless.
12
without defects; faultless.
unprovedness.
unprovable; unproved.
homeless.
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lawlessness; ~ act of lawlessness.
illegal; lawless, unlawful.
unprotected.
license-free.
neglected; unsupervised; ~ neglected child.
impunity.
/
unpunishable; unpunished; ~ to go unpunished.
non-cash.
amorality; immorality.
/
amoral; immoral; ~oe immoral conduct, moral turpitude.
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unconditional, unqualified, without reservation; ~ unconditional surrender.
/
safety, security; ~ traffic safety; ~ personal safety; ~ international security;
~ national security; ~ fire safety; ~ process safety; ~ safety instructions; ~
safety measures; ~ violation of safety regulations; ~ safety standards;
~ state security bodies; ~ accident prevention, safety precautions; ~ to ensure safety;
~ to endanger/to threaten security.
safe; secure.
unarmed.
13
irresponsibility.
/
irresponsible; wanton; ~oe irresponsible conduct.
irrevocable, beyond recall; ~ irrevocable letter of credit.
immediate, pressing.
/
unemployment; ~ involuntary unemployment; ~ chronic unemployment; ~ partial unemployment;
~e unemployment relief; ~ increase in unemployment; ~ unemployment rate.
unemployed; ~ registered unemployed; ~ wholly unemployed; ~ partially unemployed.
without any loss.
unconditional.
beneficiary; ~ beneficiary under the will; ~ second beneficiary; ~ name of beneficiary.
unchecked; uncontrolled; unsupervised.
unpatented.
free of cost, free of charge; at no cost, without charge; gratuitously; gratis.
free, free of charge, free of cost; gratuitous; without charge; at no cost; unpaid; ~ free pass.
helpless; powerless.
/
confusion; disorder; disturbance; unrest; ~ civil unrest and disorders; ~ mass riots; ~ ethnic
unrest; ~ rioting.
/
customs-free, duty-free; exempt of duty; free of duty; exempt from duty; ~ free trade; ~ duty-free goods.
lawlessness; disfranchisement; disqualification; deprivation of rights.
deprived of rights.
non-profit; profitless; unprofitable; uneconomical.

14
homeless; stray; neglected.
unprejudiced; fair; impartial; ~ unprejudiced judge.
interest-free; non-interest bearing; yielding no interest; without interest.

/
indisputable; incontrovertible; indubitable; undisputed; unquestionable; ~oe () collection without recourse to the court.
/ indefinite; perpetual; ~ tenancy at will; ~ demand deposit.
/
ownerless; unowned; ~ ownerless land; ~oe unclaimed/unowned property.
ownerlessness.
inhuman, brutal.
outrage; rowdiness.
to commit outrages.
bigamy; bigamous marriage.
business; ~ big business; ~ gambling business; ~ small business; ~ drug business; ~ illegal
business; ~ profitable business; ~ private business.
businessman; entrepreneur.
bilateral.
ticket, card; ~ banknote.
bill; ~ to adopt/to approve a bill; ~ to draft/to elaborate a bill.
double standard, bimetallism.
bimetallic.
biography; life history.
15
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exchange, market; ~ employment agency; labour exchange; ~ stock exchange; ~ exchange market;
~ corn market; ~ international commodity exchange; ~ commodity exchange; ~
stock market; ~ to speculate; to gamble in stocks.
dealer; exchange broker; speculator.

/
exchange; ~ exchange quotation; ~ exchange deal; ~ exchange speculation; ~
exchange business transactions; ~ gambler; speculator.
/
tag, label, tally, tag, ticket; ~ price ticket; ~ luggage tag; ~ cargo label; ~e
marking on a tag.
/
benefit; good; prosperity; ~ material values; ~ common/public wealth.
/
preference, favoured treatment; ~ most favoured nation clause; ~ to
grant most favoured nation treatment.
to favour, to be favourable.
welfare; well-being; wealth; ~ general welfare (well-being).

/
benevolent; charitable; philanthropical; ~ charitable foundation; ~oe charitable/philanthropic society; ~
gifts to charity; ~ welfare fund.
benevolence; charity; philanthropy.
form, slip, blank; ~ declaration form; ~ application form; ~

documentary bill lodgment form; ~ contract form; ~ proposal form; ~ bank form; ~ draft
slip; ~ form of a company; ~ to fill in a form.
/
blank; ~ blank/general endorsement; ~ blank credit; ~ acceptance in blank; ~ to
endorse in blank.
blank endorser.
bloc; ~ currency bloc; ~ military bloc; ~ to enter (into) a bloc; ~ to secede from a block;
~ to form a bloc; ~ to disband a bloc.
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/
blockade; embargo; ban; ~ diplomatic blockade; ~ credit blockade; ~ customs blockade;
~ trade blockade, embargo; ~ financial blockade; ~ economic blockade, embargo; ~y to
impose a blockade; ~y to announce a blockade; ~y to raise a blockade; ~y establish a blockade.
blocked, blockaded; frozen.
to block, to blockade; to freeze.

/
wealth; fortune; ~, ill-gotten wealth; ~a natural resources; ~a material tangible
wealth; ~ national wealth; ~ to accumulate wealth.
blasphemous words; blasphemy.
letter of bottomry.
bottomry.
boycott; ~ financial boycott; ~ economic boycott; ~ to declare a boycott; ~ to lift the

boycott; ~y to join a boycott.
to boycott; ~ to boycott the negotiations.

/
illness; disease; sickness; ~ sickness benefit.
:
~ sick-leave certificate, sick-list.
sick person; patient; ~ insane.
high capacity, supersize.
rogue; tramp; street bum; vagabond.

bona fide; ~ bona fide holder.
bond; ~ general average bond.
bonded.
credit solvency.
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/
bonification, bonus allowance; ~ price bonification stipulated by the contract; ~ export bonification;
~ amount of price bonification; ~ to pay price bonification; ~ to grant price bonification.
bonus.
board; ~ to load on board; ~ to accept cargo on board; ~ free on board a ship (FOB); ~
free on board a truck.
board, overside; ~ on board bill of lading.

/
struggle, fight; drive; ~ struggle for markets; ~ combating crime; ~ competitive struggle.
I
( ) rejects, wastage, waste, spoilage; defect, flaw; ~ reject; ~ to discover
defective goods.
II
() marriage; matrimony; wedlock; ~ intermarriage; ~ marriage by a
contract; ~ civil marriage; common law marriage; ~ lawful wedlock; marriage at law; ~ invalid
marriage; ~ irregular marriage; ~ unregistered marriage; ~ de facto marriage;
~ sham marriage; ~ religious marriage; ~ de jure marriage; ~a
avoidance of a marriage; ~a divorce; ~e marriage certificate; ~e married; ~ to
enter into a marriage; to marry; ~ to remarry; ~ to divorce; ~ to register a marriage.
inspection, sorting; grading; ~ selective inspection.
defective; faulty; rejected; discarded.
reject.
rejection; repudiation; bracking; sorting.
poacher.
poaching; ~ to poach.
/
divorce; ~oe case; ~ divorce proceeding.
marriage; wedding ceremony.
brother; ~ cousin; ~ half-brother; ~ half-brother; ~ stepbrother.

18
/
marital; marriageable; conjugal; matrimonial; ~ marriageability; ~ law of marriage; marriage law; ~ marriage and family law; ~ marital relations; ~ marriageable age; ~ marriage contract;
~ to contract a marriage.
burden; load; ~ burden of evidence/of proof; ~ tax burden; ~ burden of responsibility;

~ financial burden; ~ to bear the burden of a contract.
team, crew; ~ emergency team.
bum; rogue; tramp; vagabond.
to rogue; to tramp; to vagabondize.
roguery; vagabondism; vagabondage.
broker; ~ real estate broker; ~ securities broker; ~

buying broker; ~ selling broker; ~ shipping/chartering broker; ~ broker; ~
stockbroker/exchange broker; ~ loan broker; ~ insurance broker.
brokerage, broker's commission.

-
commission broker.
/
broker's; ~ brokerage/broker's commission; ~ brokerage office.
booking, reservation.
to book, to reserve.
gross; ~ rough balance; ~ gross tonnage; ~ gross freight; ~ gross/packed weight;

~ allowance.
-
gross premium.
to book.
/
booking; ~ booking of cargo; ~y booking commission.
/
lowing; tugging, tuggage; haulage; ~ lowing contract; ~y to pay tugging.
19
boom; ~ stock market boom; ~ speculative boom; ~ economic boom.

/
paper, securities, stock; ~ non-interest-bearing securities; ~ stamped paper; ~
registered securities; ~ commercial papers; ~ securities.
accountant, bookkeeper; ~ chief accountant/head book-keeper.
1. accounting; book-keeping; 2. () accounting department; ~ double-entry book-keeping.

/
book-keeping; accounting; ~ ordinary debts.
/
quick selling; ~e quick assets.
budget; finances; ~ annual budget; ~ additional budget; ~ revenue; ~ local budget;

~ national budget; ~ budget of expenditure; ~ operating budget; ~ to implement a
budget; ~ to transfer amounts to the budget; ~ to cut a budget; ~ to make a budget;
~ to increase a budget.
/
budgetary; ~ budgetary provisions; ~ budgetary funds; ~ business/fiscal year.
bulletin; report; circular; list; ~ stock exchange list; ~ stock exchange list; ~
material handling bulletin; ~ o medical bulletin; ~ exchange report/exchange list;
~ ballot/voting paper; ~ commercial bulletin; ~ patent bulletin; ~ price list
bulletin; ~ trade report; ~ information bulletin; ~ classification bulletin; ~
patent bulletin; ~ trade report.
bureau, office, desk; agency; ~ average adjusters' bureau; ~ registry office; ~

lost and found office; ~ service bureau; ~ passport and visa office; ~
employment agency; ~ rental service; ~ copyright office; ~
technical inspection bureau; ~ design department; ~ patent office; ~ register
office/registrar; ~ advertising agency/publicity bureau; ~ information bureau; ~
inspection bureau; - ~ shipping agency.
1. car; van; wagon; coach; 2. (/ ) carload, wagon-load; ~ luggage van/car; ~ goods van/goods car;
~ refrigerator car; ~ sleeping car/sleeper; ~ goods wagon/freight car.
/
vacancy; vacant position; ~ to fill a vacancy; ~ vacancy in office.
20
/
vacant; ~ vacancy in office.
vacations; ~ judicial vacations.

/
gross; ~ gross profit; ~ gross product; ~ gross domestic product (GDP); ~
gross national product (GNP).
valorization.
/
currency; exchange; ~ currency of a bill; ~ currency in circulation; ~ devalued currency; ~
scarce currency; ~ currency of a contract; ~ common currency; ~,
cheap curren; ~ currency of a credit; ~ currency of payment; ~ clearing currency; ~ bargain
currency; ~ overvalued currency; ~y to exchange currency; ~ currency depreciation;
~ currency value; ~ exchange; ~ clearing currency; ~ convertible currency;
~ international currency; ~ national currency; ~ inconvertible currency;
~ depreciated currency; ~ exchange business; ~ falling currency; ~ parity of exchange;
~ inflow of foreign currency; ~ settlement in foreign currency; ~y demand for currency.
/
currency, exchange, monetary; ~ currency area; ~ currency quotation; ~ currency clause; ~
currency transaction; ~ monetary system; ~oe monetary agreement; ~ exchange business; ~
currency proceeds; ~ exchange payments; ~ currency speculations ; ~ currency account;
~ to impose currency restrictions; ~ to lift currency restrictions.
sculator in foreign currency.
vandal.
vandalism; ~ act of vandalism.
warrant; ~ warehouse warrant; ~ customs warrant; ~ to pay warranty credits.
voucher.
1. ( ) introduction; preamble; 2. (; ) enactment; ~ vesting; ~

putting into operation; ~ ~ enactment of a law; ~ introduction of quotas; ~ imposition of a tax;
~ imposition of a tax/duty.
to confide; to entrust.
21
commissioning; putting into operation; ~ commissioning; ~a commissioning period.
to introduce, to impose; ~ to put into effect; to enforce; to bring into service; ~ to impose a blockade; ~
to put into possession; ~ to bring into operation; ~ to enact a law; ~ to introduce restrictions; ~
to impose sanctions.
import; importation; ~ duty-free import; ~ ban/embargo on imports; ~a easing of imports;

~a import surplus/surplus of imports; excess of imports over exports; ~a import articles;
~ ( ) import license/permit for import; ~a imports/articles of importation;
~ temporary customs certificate; ~ to ban/to prohibit imports; ~ to
obtain customs release; ~ to admit goods free of duty; ~ imports and exports;
~a free for import.
to import; to smuggle ( ).
import; entrance.
widow.
widower.
widowhood.
I (, ) management; conduct; ~ conduct of negotiations/talks; ~ conduct of judicial

proceedings; ~ financial management.
/
II () authority; competence; charge; () jurisdiction; ~ to be in charge/under the authority.
list, sheet, register; ~ account bill; ~ cargo sheet; ~ list of damaged goods; ~
inventory sheet; ~ cost sheet; ~ tax roll; ~ balance sheet; ~ transmission list;
~ payroll/pay-sheet; ~ price break down; ~ to place on a payroll;
~ to meet a payroll; ~ to make up a list.
department, office, administration; agency; ~ copyright agency; ~ foreign office;

~ state department; ~ tax administration; ~ branch department; ~ patent office;
~ customs office.
H/
departmental; ~ departmental interests.
22
drawer; giver of a bill; promisor.
bearer of a bill; billholder; drawee; promisee.
bill debtor.
drawee of a bill.
bearer of a bill, holder for value.

/
bill of exchange, bill, paper, note, promissory note; ~ payment bill; ~ bill for collection; ~ bearer
bill; ~ term bill; ~ noted bill; ~
demand note/bill at sight; ~ after sight bill; ~ , bill after
date; ~ endorsed bill; ~, upcoming bill; ~,
expired bill; ~, unexpired bill; ~ bill of acceptance;
~ trade acceptance; ~ bank bill/banker's bill; ~ non-interest bearing note; ~
usance bill of exchange; ~ returned bill; ~ counter bill; ~ bill drawn on
non-existent person; ~ single bill; ~ guaranteed bill; ~ collateral
bill; ~ time bill; ~ addressed bill; ~ pawned bill; ~ inscribed bill;
~ endorsed bill; ~ short-term note; ~ clean bill of exchange;
~ unsecured bill; ~ outstanding/unpaid bill; ~ bill with recourse; ~ redraft/cross bill;
~ paid/honoured bill; ~ protested bill; ~ draft/transfer note; ~ paid/honoured
bill; ~ forged bill; ~ demand bill; ~ extended/prolonged bill; ~
overdue bill; ~ promissory note; ~ interest bearing note; ~ term bill;
~ bank bill/bank draft; ~ discounted bill; ~ fictitious bill; ~ bank guarantee of a bill; ~
acceptance of a bill; ~ currency of a bill; ~ collection of a bill; ~ guarantor of a bill;
~ stamp duty on a bill; ~ date of issue of a bill; ~ bill debtor; ~ copy of a bill/duplicate
of exchange; ~ debt on a bill; ~ expenses for protesting a bill; ~
backer; ~ collection of a bill; ~ action on a bill; ~ bill creditor; ~ liabilities
on bill; ~ settlement of a bill; ~ protestation of a bill; ~ refusal of acceptance;
~ negotiation of a bill/transfer of a bill; ~ payment of a bill/meeting a bill; ~ settlement of a bill;
~ guarantor of a bill; ~ surety for a bill; ~ prolongation of a bill; ~ protest of a bill;
~ term of a bill; ~ amount of a bill; ~ bank discounting; ~ to advise a bill; ~ to accept a
bill/to meet a bill with due protection; ~ to cancel a bill; ~ to draw/to issue a bill; ~ to pay/to meet a
bill; ~ to draw/to write out a bill; ~ to draw/ issue a bill; ~ to guarantee a bill; ~
to invalidate a bill; ~ to note bill;
~ to domicile bill; ~ to endorse a bill; ~ to dishonour a bill; ~ to pay a bill;
~ to protest a bill; ~ to withdraw a bill; ~ to dishonour a bill; ~ to endorse a bill to;
~ to negotiate a bill; ~ to pay/to honour a bill; ~ to forge a bill; ~ to cash a
23
bill/to get a bill cashed; ~ to present a bill for acceptance; ~ to present a bill for
payment; ~ to discount a bill; ~ to renew/to prolong a bill; ~ to discount a bill; ~
acceptance of a bill; ~ discharge for a bill; ~ notice of dishonour.
/
bill; ~oe aval/bank guarantee.
belief; confidence; credit; trust.
to enlist; to recruit; to draft.
nlistment, recruitment; draft; ~ enlistment/recruitment into the army.
verdict; ~ verdict of the jury; ~ to issue a verdict; ~ to contest a verdict; ~ to reverse a

verdict; ~ verdict of guilty; ~ verdict of acquittal.
/:
~ credentials; ~ to present credentials.
to believe; to confide (in), to trust.
1. () accuracy; correctness; 2. () commitment; loyalty.
1. () accurate; correct; 2. () faithful; loyal; ~ true copy.
belief; creed.
/
creed; religion; ~ freedom of religion.
/
probability; chance; possibility; ~ probability of a guilt.
/
probable; possible; ~ probable presumption.
/
version; case; lead; ~ defence story; ~ prosecution story; ~, contradictory story;
~, consistent story; ~ to advance a lead; ~ to disprove a case.
rule; supremacy; ~ rule-of-law; supremacy of law.

/
supreme; ~ supreme authority/power; ~ Supreme Court.
weight; ~ luggage weight; ~ gross weight; ~ weight of load/cargo weight; ~ net weight; ~
missing weight/underweight; ~ gross weight; ~ estimated weight; ~a excess weight/overweight;
~e shortage in weight/underweight; ~y discrepancy in weight; ~a certificate of weight. to conduct,
24
to keep; ~ to conduct the affairs; ~ to conduct a case; ~ to conduct negotiations/talks; ~ to keep

the minutes; ~ to conduct/to plead a case; ~ to preside over a court.
veterinary; ~ veterinary check.
veto; ~ to have veto power; ~ to impose a veto/to veto; ~ right of veto.

/
proprietary; ~oe real obligation; ~ interest in estate.
/
article; thing; item; object; ~ things to be declared; ~ movables; ~
insured things; ~ immovable/real estate, realty; ~ things liable to a duty; ~ valuables.
/
mutuality; reciprocity; ~ in the spirit of reciprocity; ~ to reciprocate; ~
reciprocal treaty; ~ on th basis of reciprocity; ~ reciprocal agreement.
/
mutual, reciprocal; ~ mutual security; ~ mutual advantage/benefit; ~oe mutual commitment;
~oe mutual cooperation; ~ clearing; ~ mutual concessions; ~ to be of
mutual interest.
/
mutually advantageous/profitable/beneficial; of mutual benefit/advantage; ~ mutually advantageous trade; ~ on
a mutually advantageous basis.
/
interaction, operation; ~ cooperation between nations; ~ close cooperation; ~ in concert.
to interact, to cooperate.
/
interrelation; interrelationship; relation; relationship; ~ contract relations; ~ interstate relations;
~ trade relations; ~ legal relations.
mutual assistance, mutual aid/help.

/
mutual understanding; ~ to arrive mutual understanding; ~ on the basis of mutual understanding.
/
mutually acceptable; ~ on a mutually acceptable basis.
mutually agreed.
:
~ to borrow; ~ to loan/to lend.
25
collection, levy; charge; exaction; ~ rental charge; ~ tax collection/taxation; ~ collection; charge; ~
collection of duties; ~ collection (levy) of customs duty.
to collect, to levy; to charge; ~ to excise a duty; ~ to collect taxes.
break-in; house-breaking; ~ burglary.
burglar; house-breaker.
() contribution; deposit; share; installment; () due; fee; () donation; ~ installment

to repay a debt; ~ general average deposit; ~ arbitration fee; ~ admission/entrance fee;
~ annual installment; ~ cash deposit; ~ contribution; ~ minimum payment; ~
outstanding/unpaid dues; ~ mandatory contribution; ~ due installment; ~ share; ~
initial deposit; ~ first installment/payment on account; ~ registration fee; ~ insurance
premium; ~ annuity; ~ installment; ~ membership fee; ~
exemption from payment; ~a amount of a deposit; ~a payment of an insurance premium; ~ to
collect dues; ~ to make a contribution; ~ to apportion the contributions; ~ to pay a fee.
explosion.
to blast; to explode.
/
1. () collection; exaction; levy; recovery; 2. () enforcement; penalty; punishment; ~ exaction
in favour of a third party; ~ recovery of money/charge; ~ collection of a bill; ~ collection of debts; ~
claim to property; ~ tax collection; ~ collection of duties; ~ recovery of damages; ~
exaction of a penalty; ~ action for a penalty; ~ imposition of a penalty; ~ charge; ~
object of recovery; ~ amount of recovery; ~ remission of a penalty; ~ sum of recovery; ~ to impose a
penalty; ~ to be disciplined; ~ to incur a penalty; ~
irrecoverable/unrecoverable; ~ callable. /
collected; exacted; recovered; enforced.
1. to recover, to collect, to charge; 2. to exact; to enforce ( ); ~ to recover debts; ~ to collect taxes; ~
to levy execution; ~ to recover damages.
giver of a bribe; suborner.
exactor; taker of a bribe; grafter.
bribery; corruption; graft.
26
/
visa, vise; permit; ~ import permit; ~ export permit; ~ entry visa; ~ exit visa;
~ diplomatic visa; ~ immigration visa; ~ multiple visa; ~ exempt visa; ~
transit visa; ~ tourist visa; ~ issue of a visa; ~ date of a visa; visa bureau; ~ refusal of a
visa; ~ receipt of a visa; ~ extension of a visa; ~ validity of a visa; ~y to give/to
issue a visa; ~ to refuse a visa; ~y to obtain/ to get a visa.
to authenticate; to visa; to back; to endorse; ( ) to affix one's signature.
visit, call; ~ business visit; ~ goodwill visit; ~ planned visit; ~ fact finding visit;
~ return visit; ~ official visit; ~ private visit; ~a time of a visit; ~a end of a visit;
~a postponement of a visit; ~a program/schedule of a visit; ~a length of a visit; ~a
duration of a visit; ~a purpose of a visit; ~ to agree on the date of a visit; ~ to visit/to pay a visit;
~ to postpone/to defer a visit; ~ to cancel a visit; ~ to come on a visit.
/
blame; fault; guilt; ~ to assign a guilt; ~ to expiate one's fault; ~ to admit/to confess
one's fault; - ~ to determine smb's guilt; ~ imputable/incriminating; - ~e through
smb's fault; ~ contributory guilt; ~ personal fault; ~ negligence; ~ non-intentional fault.
/
compulsory; vindicatory; ~ replevin.
recovery; vindication.
to recover; to vindicate.
party at (in) fault; culprit; responsible party.

/
culpability; guilt; - ~ to determine smb's guilt; ~ verdict of guilty.
/
culpable; guilty; defaulter; ~ defaulter/guilty party; - ~ to adjudge/to return guilty;
~ to admit one's guilt.
1. ( ) deposit; holdings; 2. () investment; 3. (, ) contribution; endowment; 4.

() assets; ~ cash in bank/bank deposit; ~ returnable deposit; ~ long-time deposit;
~ short-term deposit; ~ interest bearing deposit; ~ savings deposit; ~ time
deposit; ~ depositor; ~a withdrawal of a deposit; ~ deposit rate; ~ length of deposit;
~ amount of a deposit; ~ to hold a deposit; ~ to receive/to take a deposit.
depositor; investor.
27
() to deposit, to invest.
/
owner, proprietor, holder; keeper; possessor; tenant; ~ copyright owner; ~ holder of a letter of credit; ~
shareholder/stockholder; ~ depositor; ~ proprietor of goods/cargo owner; ~ debenture
holder; ~ owner of real estate/tenant; ~ patent holder/patentee; ~ legal owner/holder in due course;
~ subsequent holder; ~ co-owner/joint owner; ~ private owner; ~ to establish
ownership.
/
1. () proprietorship, ownership, possession; () tenancy; 2. () property; ~
holding/leasehold; ~ seisin/tenement; ~ to accede to an estate/to enter into possession; ~ to be in smb's possession; ~ to pass into possession; ~ to obtain possession; ~ to
retain one's possession; ~ livery; , ~ occupant; occupier; ~ trespasser; ~
livery/surrender of possession; ~ occupancy/tenancy; ~ joint tenancy; ~estate for life; ~ unity
of possession; ~ actual occupation.
to have; to be in possession, to hold; to possess; to own; to occupy have; ~ to hold adversely to the
owner; ~ to hold in trust; ~ to hold as pledge; ~ to
own jointly.
/
1. () authority, power, control, command; 2. () authorities, administration; ~ state power;
~ civil authorities; ~ lawful authority; ~ legislative power; ~ executive power;
~ appropriate authorities; ~ official powers; ~ judicial power; ~ customs
authorities; ~ abuse of power; ~ authorities; ~ within power;
~ separation of powers; ~ to delegate power; ~ to drive from power.
( ) to entail; ~ to entail a punishment; ~ to entail liability responsibility.

/
influence; impact; ~ to be influenced; ~ pernicious influence.
to affect; to influence.
/
1. () investments; ~ capital investments; 2. ( ) investment, investing.
imputation; incrimination; ~ imposition as a duty.
imputed; incriminated; inculpated.
sanity; mental capacity; liability; responsibility; ~ full sanity; ~ partial responsibility.
28
sane; able; capable; liable; responsible; ~ imputable; incriminating; ~ partially sane.
to impute; to incriminate; to inculpate; ~ to impute; incriminate; ~ to impose as a duty.
interference; intervention; ~ interference in domestic affairs; ~ indirect interference; ~ direct

interference.
to interfere, to intervene; ~ to interfere in the domestic affairs.

, :
~ to hire, to lease, to take on lease; ~ to lease, to hire out, to let.
illegitimate; out of wedlock.
non-contractual, extra-contractual.
/
implementation, introduction; ~ use of an invention; ~ industrial introduction.
to introduce.
introduction; ~ introduction of changes.
extrajudicial; non-judicial; out-of-court.

/
foreign-policy; - foreign-policy relations.
/
foreign/external trade; ~ foreign trade transaction; ~o foreign trade agreement; ~ foreign trade
arbitration.
foreign/external economic, relating to external economy; ~ foreign economic contract.

/
() foreign, external; ~ foreign trade.
non-staff.
1. () to pay; 2. () to bring forward; to introduce; 3. () to insert; to include; ~ to introduce a bill;

~ to amend/to introduce an amendment.
/
1. ( ) inner, interior, inside; 2. () inherent, intrinsic; 3. ( ) home, inland,
domestic, internal; ~ internal jurisdiction; ~ to interfere in the domestic affairs.
29
/
domestic; internal; home; national. / 1. water; 2. () waters; ~ internal waters; ~ neutral waters;
~ port waters; ~ coastal waters; ~ territorial waters ; ~ water damage.
( ) taking into custody.

/
driver; trucker; chauffeur; ~, drunken driver; ~,
drug-impaired driver; ~ -
hit-and-run driver.
military man; serviceman.

/
military; war; ~oe to impose martial law; ~ military base; ~ war industry; ~
military service; ~ military justice; ~oe military crime; ~ war expenditures; ~ courtmartial/military tribunal; ~ military allocations; ~oo war-time laws.
to commence; to initiate; to institute; ~ to commence/to initiate an action, to institute a case before the court; ~ to prosecute a
claim; ~ to apply.
( ) institution; ~ institution of legal proceedings; ~ application.
1. return, call-back; 2. () repayment, refund; ~ return of an advance; ~ return of rejected goods; ~

return of documents; ~ repayment of a debt; ~ loan repayment; ~ repayment of a credit; ~
repayment of a loan; ~ return of goods; ~ delay in returning; ~a right of return; ~ period of
repayment; ~y to be returnable; ~a to require to refund an amount.
to return, to give back; ( ) to send back; ( ) to repay, to pay back; ( ) to refund, to reimburse;
() to restore (property); (, ) to regain confidence (freedom); ~ ()
to relegate (remand) a case (to a lower court); ~ () to revert a case; ~ ()
( ) to remit (recommit) a case for further inquiry.
to come back; to return.
return; redemption; refund; repayment; ~ () regress; ~ rcommitment of a case.
to be at the head, to be in charge; to lead; ~ to lead for the defence; ~ to lead for the prosecution.
/
influence; impact; ~ to affect/to exert an influence.
to affect; to exert an influence; ~ to affect adversely.

30
to refrain; to withhold; to abstain; ~ to refrain from nuclear tests; ~

to refrain from any form of armed intervention.
vengeance; retribution; reprisal; requital; retaliation; ~ for fear of retaliation.
to compensate, to give/ to make compensation, to recompense, to recover, to remunerate; (, ) to indemnify to

reimbursement, to refund, to repay; ~ to compensate for the incurred damages; ~ to recoup
suffered expenses.
/
recompense, compensation, recovery, offset; indemnity, restitution; reimbursement, refund, repayment; ~ reimbursement
of expenditures; ~ repayment of a debt/quittance; ~ reimbursement of expenses; ~ reimbursement of
expenditures/costs; ~ compensation for shortage; ~ recovery for losses; ~ reimbursement for expenses
outlay/compensation for expenses; ~ indemnification of value; ~ reimbursement of payment; ~ compensation
for damages/reimbursement of damages; ~ compensation for losses; ~ damages/cash indemnity; ~
compensation in full; ~ insurance indemnity/insurance money; ~ partial compensation; ~ payment of
compensation; ~ payment of insurance indemnity; ~ insurance claim/claim for
indemnification; ~ notification of claim; ~ claim/action for damages; ~ liability to
compensate for damage; ~ compensation clause; ~ , negligence clause;
~ loss assessment; ~ refusal to compensate; ~ right to
contribution in general average; ~ amount of compensation; ~ award of damages; ~
damages; ~ application for compensation; ~ to guarantee against loss;
~ to insist on compensation; ~ to assess damages; ~ to pay off compensation;
~ to receive damages/indemnity; ~ to offer compensation; ~ to reimburse;
~ to claim compensation; ~ uncompensated/without compensation; ~ by way
of damages; ~ liable to compensation/repayable.
to remunerate; to reward.
/
1. reward, payment, remuneration, bonus; 2. () fee; 3. () commission; 4. () consideration,
compensation; ~ author's royalties; ~ agent's fee; ~ brokerage/broker's charges; ~
remuneration in money/pecuniary reward; ~ commission; ~ license fee/royalty; ~
bonus/premium pay; ~ appropriate remuneration; ~ amount/size of commission; ~ amount of
remuneration; ~ to pay remuneration; ~ to be entitled to a remuneration; ~ to estimate
commission; ~ to refuse remuneration; ~ to be remunerated with a fee in the amount of;
~ to reduce remuneration.
renewal, resumption, revival, reopening; recommencement; ~ renewal of a letter of credit; ~ renewal of a lease; ~
renewal of an agreement; ~ resumption of legal action; ~ renewal of a contract; ~ resumption of
negotiations; ~ resumption of deliveries; ~ renewal of an insurance policy.
31
/
to renew, to resume, to reopen, to revive; to recommence; ~ to renew the validity of a treaty; ~ to resume payments; ~
to revive a case; ~ to proceed fully with; , ~ renewal period.
to object; to be against; to disagree; to oppose; to retort; ~ to traverse a claim.

/
objection; disagreement, exception; retort; opposition; plea; ~ to disagree/to file an objection; ~ common
traverse; ~ plea in discharge; ~ rejoinder; ~
general exception/plea to the merits; ~ counter-case/defensive pleading; ~ to overrule an objection; ~
to maintain an objection; ~ to waive an objection; ~ to meet an objection; ~ counter-case/counterplea.
age; ~a marriageable/nubile; ~a unmarriageable; ~ marriage

age/nubility; ~ age of discretion; ~ age of incapacity; ~ retiring age; ~
advanced age/declining years; ~ draft age; ~ legal age; ~ school-going age.
age; ~ age limit; ~ age qualification.

/
military; ~ military rank; ~o military offence; ~ army rules/military regulations.
/
war; ~ fratricidal war; ~ civil war; ~ predatory war; ~ credit war;
~ tariff war; ~ price war; ~y to wage a war; ~y to drag into a war; ~y to start a war; ~y to declare
a war; ~e to incite to a war; ~e to lead to a war; ~ laws and customs of a war;
~ belligerency/state of a war; ~ , life and death war.
/
will, declaration of intention; ~ by a will of a person.
/E
excitement; agitation; emotion; ~ disorders/unrest; ~ in the state of strong mental agitation.
bureaucracy.
1. will; intention; 2. () liberty; ~ testator's will; - ~ to express smb's will; ~ of one's

own free will.
/
arms; weapons; armaments; ~ to reduce military expenses; ~
limitation of strategic offensive weapons; ~ reduction of medium-range nuclear weapons.
/
armed; ~ armed guard; ~oe armed intervention; ~oe armed invasion.
32
1. question, point; 2. () matter; 3. (, ) problem, issue; ~ matter of defence; ~

substantive matter; ~ matter at law; ~ regulatory matter; ~ law enforcement
matter; ~ litigated matter; ~, issue of common interest; ~
relevant question; ~ question of principle; ~ matter under consideration/case in point;
~a consideration of a matter problem; ~y decision on a matter; ~ to decide a question; ~ on legal
matters.
thief; stealer; ~- burglar/housebreaker; ~ pickpocket.
to steal, to rob.
theft; larceny; stealing.
upbringing; education; ~ improper upbringing; ~ moral education.

/
educational; educative; ~ educational measure.
/
1. () hindrance; hampering; impediment; 2. () prevention; 3. (); ~
obstruction of justice; ~ preventing witness's attendance.
reunion; reunification; ~ family reunion.
to reunify; to reunite.
to rebel; to revolt.
1. to restore, to reconstruct, to rebuild, to renovate; to recover; 2. () to renew, to revive; 3. ( ) to rehabilitate, to

restore; ~ to discharge a bankrupt; ~ to reinstate in office; ~ to restore
diplomatic relations; ~ to reinstate in a job.
insurrection; mutiny; rebellion; revolt; riot; uprising.
1. restoration, reconstruction, rebuilding, renovation; 2. () rehabilitation; restoration; 3. () renewal, revival; ~

reinstatement in office; ~ repossession; ~ restoration to one's rights/rehabilitation; ~
restoration of diplomatic relations; ~ ; lawful discharge; ~ ,
restoration of a lapsed patent.
/
claiming; call; demand; ~ claiming the goods; ~ poste restante.
33
to call; to claim.
vote; ~ vote of confidence; ~ vote of no confidence.

/
hostility; animosity; enmity; ~y to incite national hostility.
doctor; physician; ~ medical practitioner; ~ sanitary inspector.

/
medic1; ~ medical examination; ~ medical checkup/examination.
damage; harm; injury; prejudice; wrong; ~ to damage/to inflict harm; ~a malicious damage;
~a personal injury/wrong against an individual; ~a public wrong/wrong against the
public; ~ civil wrong; ~ permanent injury.
to damage; to do damage/harm; to injure.
time; period; date; ~ date of entering into force/effective date; ~ license period; ~
delivery time; ~ working hours/ () office hours; ~ overtime; ~ at the appointed time.
provisionally; temporarily.
/
temporary, interim; ( ) provisional; ( ) acting; ~ temporary incapacity for work;
~ interim guardianship; ~ temporary employment; ~ oe provisional government; ~
temporary damages; ( ) provisional; ( ) acting.
to hand in; to deliver; to serve; ~ to hand in one's credentials; ~ to serve subpoena; ~

to serve a writ.
delivery; handing in; ~ presentation of one's credentials; ~ delivery of documents; ~

service of subpoena.
/
general; universal; overall; ~ general military duty; ~ Universal Declaration of
Human Rights; ~ee universal suffrage; ~ general elections.
1. () to open, to unseal, to tear; 2. () to reveal, to disclose, to bring to light.
auxiliary, ancillary; () accessory. gathering; meeting; ~ summit meeting; ~

ministerial meeting; ~ bilateral meeting; ~ consultative meeting; ~
multilateral meeting.
34
/
counter-, cross-; ~ cross-appeal; ~ counter-claim; ~ counter-charge.
to enter, to join; ~ to marry; ~ to come into office; ~ to come into possession; ~ to enter
into negotiations; to come into force ; ~ to enter into an agreement.
entrance; introductory, opening.

/
1. () beginning; start; entry; 2. () entry; joining 3. ( , ) introduction; opening; preamble;
~ prior to the entry into force; ~ on the entry into force; ~ assumption of office; ~
entry into force.
to invade; to trespass; to intrude; to encroach; ~ to intrude into the air space; ~ to

invade the territorial waters.
incursion, invasion; intrusion; ~ invasion of the other state's territory.
1. secondary; 2. ( ) minor.
entrance, entry; ~a right of entry; ~ ( ) entry visa/permit; ~ to ban the entry; ~ to

permit the entry.
entrance.
EM
seizure; ~ seizure of documents; ~ seizure of correspondence; ~y to seize.
to select; to choose; to pick; to elect.
1. choice, pick, () selection; 2. () alternative; 3. ( ) option; 4. () assortment; ~

drawing of samples; ~ choice of a supplier; ~ assortment/range of goods; ~ consumer choice;
~ free choice; ~ wide choice; ~a absence of choice; ~a right of option; ~ to make a
choice/to choose; ~a to provide options; ~ at choice.
selectivity; ~ selectivity of judges.

/
elective; electoral; ~ elective post.
/
elections; ~ off-year elections; ~ general elections; ~ early elections; ~ regular
elections; , ~ direct, equal and universal elections; ~ to call the elections; ~
to declare the elections null and void; ~ election procedure.
35
to reject.
1. () removal, pull-out; withdrawal; 2. () conclusion; ~ adverse inference; ~

findings; ~ false conclusion; ~ unfounded/groundless conclusion; ~ well
founded/grounded conclusion; ~ to draw a conclusion; ~ to jump to a conclusion; ~y to come to the
conclusion, arrive at (reach) a conclusion.
1. to remove, to take out; to withdraw; 2. ( ) to conclude; ~ to withdraw troops from

other countries' territories.
1. taking out, pick-up, removal; 2. () export, exportation; ~ export of gold; ~ export of capital; ~
food export; ~ duty-free exportation; ~ dumping; ~a ban on the export of
foreign exchange; ~ export prohibition/prohibition of export; ~a export restrictions; ~a
surplus of exports; ~a export articles; ~a point of exit; ~ permit for exportation; ~
bond note; ~ to ban/to prohibit export; ~ to arrange for exportation;
~ to obtain an export permit; ~ to increase exports; ~ imports and exports.
rebuke; reproof; reprimand; ~ to administer a rebuke.

/
1. () advantage, benefit; 2. () profit, gains; ~ mutual advantage; ~ self-profit, self-advantage;
~ benefits; ~ lost profit; ~ financial advantage; ~ principle of equal advantage;
~ loss of profit insurance; ~ losses for lost profit; ~ to benefit/to
get profit; ~ to use to advantage; ~ to be of mutual benefit; ~ to profit;
~e to the mutual benefit; ~ on the basis of mutual advantage.
advantageous; profitable; beneficial; gainful; remunerative; lucrative.

T
beneficiary.
1. (, ) to give, to grant, to issue, to deliver, to supply; 2. ( ) to impersonate; 3. () to

extradite; ~ to grant a visa; ~ to grant a license; ~ to grant a patent; ~ to issue a certificate.
/
1. delivery, grant, issue, issuance; 2. () payment; ~ payment of an advance; ~ issue of an
author's certificate; ~ issue of shares; ~ issue of a bill; ~ granting of a visa ; ~ cash payment; ~
issue of a document; ~ issue of a writ of execution; ~ granting of a credit; ~
license grant; ~ patent issue; ~ issue of a certificate; ~ crediting; ~e refusal of a patent
application; ~ procedure for granting export licenses; ~ application for grant of a
patent; ~y to delay issuing; ~y to contest the issue of a patent; ~e to refuse a visa;
~e to refuse credit.
36
1. () to advance, to put forward; to bring up; 2. ( ) to promote; 3. ( ) to nominate; ~ to lay an

accusation.
1. () nomination; 2. ( ) promotion.
( ) deportation; banishment.
( ) to deport; to banish.
/
1. () appropriation, allocation, allotment; assignment; 2. () separation; severance; ~ allocation of funds;
~ separation/severance of cases;~ allocation of funds; ~ assignment of space.
1. () to allocate, to appropriate, to assign; 2. () to choose, to single out; 3. () to mark out; 4. () to

separate; to sever.
departure; ( ) exit; ~ date of departure; ~ day of departure; ~ exit visa;

~ simplification of exit formalities.
/
exit; ~ assizes/circuit session; ~ circuit court.
call; () subpoena; summons; ~ subpoena/summons to appear as a witness; ~y

contumacious; ~ resummons.
1. to call, to send for, to summon; 2. () to cause, to occasion; 3. () to provoke; ~ to summon a counsel; ~

to subpoena/to summon as a witness.
to win, to gain; to benefit from; ~ ( ) to secure judgement; ~ to win

the dispute.
1. () repayment, redemption; 2. () reacquisition; 3. ( ) retirement; ~ redemption of

shares; ~ redemption of a mortgage; ~ retirement of bonds; ~ redemption of an insurance
policy; ~ prior redemption; ~ foreclosure; ~ right of redemption; ~y
callable/repayable.
to buy out, to repay, to redeem; ~ to redeem a pledge/to take out of a pledge.
1. () exactor; extortionist; 2. () racketeer; 3. () blackmailer.
37
1. () exaction; extortion; 2. () racket; racketeering; 3. () blackmail; ~ to exact/to extort; ~

exaction by blackmail.
1. () to exact; to extort; 2. ( ) to racketeer; 3. ( ) to blackmail.
passing; pronouncement; delivery; rendering; ~ pronouncement of a sentence/sentencing; ~ passing of a

judgement.
to put; to submit; ~ to issue a verdict; ~ to put for discussion; ~ to put for consideration; ~
to adjudge/to adjudicate a sentence.
to force; to coerce; to compel.

/
forced; coerced; compelled; obliged; exacted; ~oe coerced/exacted confession.
/
1. ( . .) making out, drawing, issue; 2. () ordering; 3. ( ) abstract; excerpt; extract; ~
discharge from a hospital; ~ abstract of a title; ~ contract extract; ~
extract from the protocol; ~ extract from a decision; ~ making out a receipt; ~ drawing of a draft;
~ certified account; ~ notarially certified copy; ~ drawing authorization; ~y
to take an excerpt from the minutes.
1. ( . .) to make out, to draw, to issue; 2. ( ) to abstract; to copy out; to extract; 3. () to

order; 4. ( -) to subscribe; 5. ( ) to discharge.
/
payment; discharge, disbursement; ~ prepayment/payment in advance; ~ payment of compensation; ~
payment by installments; ~ payment of a guarantee amount; ~ repayment of a debt; ~
payroll payment; ~ repayment of a loan; ~ compensation payment; ~ negotiation of a bill; ~
payment of a deposit; ~ payments for credits; ~ patent license payments; ~
social security payments; ~ social insurance benefits; ~
payment of a premium; ~ subsidy payment; ~ additional/supplementary payment; ~ lump
sum payment; ~ back pay; ~ insurance claim; ~ royalty
obligations; ~ overtime rate; ~y to have the right to payment of interest;
~ to be payable; ~y to suspend payment; ~y to make payment; ~
to claim for insurance indemnity.
/
1. execution, implementation, fulfillment; 2. () performance; 3. () realization, accomplishment; ~
fulfillment/performance of a contract; ~ fulfillment of an order; ~ discharge of duties; ~
fulfillment/performance of obligations; ~ meeting commitments in mutual trade; ~
adherence to the provisions of a contract; ~ execution of an order; ~ discharge (exercise)
38
of one's duties; ~ execution of an agreement; ~ attendance to customs formalities; ~

fulfillment of requirements; ~ delay in the execution of work; ~ supervision of the execution
of work; ~ procedure; ~ period of execution; ~ ordering cost; ~ course of execution
of a contract; ~ to complete contractual obligations; ~ to delay the accomplishment;
~ to insist on the observance of conditions; ~ to ensure the fulfillment; ~ to
waive obligations; ~ to prevent fulfilment.
1. () to do; to carry out; to execute; 2. () to discharge; to fulfil; 3. () to perform; ~ to

adhere to the provisions of a contract; ~ to execute/to perform obligations; ~ to execute a judgement.
1. ( ) issue, emission; 2. () output; 3. () publication; ~ issue of banknotes,

note issue (issuing); ~ issue of a loan; ~ publication, release; ~ commercial manufacture; ~a
() date of manufacture, release date; ~a date of issue; ~ to guarantee the
output; ~ to increase manufacture; ~ to launch a product; ~ to limit
output; ~ to expand the output; ~y sanction quantity.
1. () to emit, to issue; 2. () to manufacture, to produce, to make.
1. () to gain, to clear; 2. ( ) to come to smb's help.

/
1. () gain; returns, proceeds; 2. help, aid, assistance; ~ returns in roubles; ~ annual receipts; ~
receipts; ~ daily receipts; ~ total compiled receipts; ~ sales proceeds/proceeds of sales; ~
receipts from trade; ~ net avails; ~ export proceeds; ~ estimated proceeds;
~ export proceeds; ~y to receive the proceeds of sale; ~y to expend the proceeds.
eviction; dispossession; ejection; ouster; () deportation; expulsion; ~ dispossession proceedings;

~ forced ejection.
to dispossess; to eject; to evict; () to banish; to deport; to expel.

/
high; ~ the High Contracting Parties; ~ high court.
highly profitable, highly remunerative.
highly qualified/skilled/trained.
/
highly placed; high-ranking; of high standing; ~oe high ranking official.
highly profitable.
39
1. () to put forward; 2. () to display, to exhibit.

AT
1. ( ) to address; to speak; 2. () to act; 3. ( ) to make a statement.
1. () action; campaign; 2. () statement; 3. ( ) support; ~ standing in court.

/
superior; () supreme; ~ court of the last resort; ~ee higher education; ~ee
higher educational establishment; ~ high ranking officials; ~ supreme
body of state power; ~ superior court.
() to banish; to deport; to expel; (, ) to dispatch; to send.
() banishment; deportation; expulsion; () exile; ~ renvoi; ~ deportation of foreigners.
exit; ( ) withdrawal; ( ..) secession; ( ) issue; publication; ~

resignation; ~ abandonment of nationality; ~ withdrawal from a treaty; ~ retirement.
to go out; to leave; to withdraw; ( ..) to secede; ( ) to come out.
deduction, check-off; ~ deduction from wages; ~ income deduction; ~ deduction of tax;

~ compulsory deduction; ~ deduction of interest; ~ payment without deductions;
~ after tax profit; ~ to deduct; ~ to increase deduction; ~ net.
to deduct from, to take from; to recoup.
above-mentioned; foregoing; the above.

/
superior; ~ next higher court.
to clear out; to elucidate; to find out.
gangster; mobster.
guarantor, ( , ) surety, sponsor, warrantor; ~ sponsor for a loan; ~

guarantor of a bill; ~ guarantor of a debt; ~ underwriter; ~ to act as a
guarantor.
40
/
guarantee; ~ letter of guarantee; ~ guarantee obligation; ~ guarantee period/warranty period;
~ expiration of a guarantee period; ~ calculation of a guarantee period; ~
extension of a guarantee term; ~ to extend the warranty period; ~ upon expiration of a
guarantee period.
to guarantee; to warrant; to safeguard; to secure.

/
guarantee, surety; warranty; indemnity; safeguard, protection; ~ bank guarantee; ~ irrevocable guarantee;
~ mutual guarantees; ~ performance bond; ~ contractual guarantees; ~
performance guarantee;~ guarantee of quality of work; ~ constitutional protection; ~
guarantee of credit;~ guarantee of payment of a debt; ~ guarantee of solvency;~
guarantee of credit repayment;~ guarantee of a debt; ~ loan guarantee; ~ credit guarantee; ~
guarantee for obligations; ~ loan security; ~ guarantee of delivery; ~ warranty
of a title; ~ advance payment guarantee; ~ joint guarantee; ~ insurance guarantee; ~
guarantee of confidentiality of a bank account; ~ financial guarantee; ~ expiration of
the guarantee period; ~ warranty responsibility; ~ conditions of a guarantee; ~ to annul a
guarantee; ~ to maintain a guarantee; ~ to guarantee; ~ to obtain a guarantee;
~ to grant a guarantee; ~ as a safeguard; ~ against security; ~ asset-backed
arrangements; ~ with guarantee.
/
general; ~ director-general/general director; ~ turnkey; ~ general contractor; ~
to act in the role of a general contractor; ~ general policy/open cover; ~ insurance under a
general policy.
genocide.
coat of arms; ~ national emblem/state coat of arms.

/
bearing a coat of arms; heraldic; stamped; ~ duty stamp; ~ stamp tax.
destruction, ruin; loss; downfall; ~ loss of cargo; ~ loss of property.
to perish; to be lost.
hyperinflation, runaway inflation.

/
1. () chief; head; 2. ( ) chapter;~ head of a department; ~ head of state; ~
head of a delegation; ~ head of a diplomatic mission.
Ringleader.
41
globalization; ~ globalization of money markets; ~ globalization of the economy.
to deride; to gibe; to mock; to bring smb into derision; to desecrate.
derision; outrage; desecration; ~ desecration of the graves.
year; ~ budget year; ~ calendar year; ~ tax year; ~ accounting year; ~ current
year; ~ financial year; ~ business year.
/
suitability, feasibility; ~ period of suitability of goods.
vote; ~ to ballot vote/to cast a vote; e ~ to count votes; ~a without the right to
vote; ~a with the right to vote; ~ by a majority; ~ number of votes; ~
deliberative vote.
/
ballot; vote; voting; ~ majority voting; ~ voting by ballot; ~ absentee vote/vote by
correspondence; ~ open vote; ~ roll-call vote/voting by roll-call; ~ vote article by article; ~
secret vote/voting by ballot; ~ ballot papers, voting ballots; ~ power of attorney to vote; ~
results of voting; ~ procedure for voting; ~ results of voting; ~ to abstain from voting;
~ to declare a vote invalid; ~ to rescind a vote;
~ to vote by secret ballot.
to ballot, to cast a vote , to put to the vote; ~ to vote unanimously; ~ to vote by a show of hands; ~
to vote by proxy.
fee, royalty; honorarium; ~ author's fee; ( ) royalty; ~ agency fee; ~ attorney's fee/solicitor's
costs; ~ to pay fees.
/
domination; supremacy; rule; predominance; ~ striving for world supremacy.
state system; statehood.

/
state; state-owned; () public; () national; () governmental; ~ state
security; ~ state power; ~ state duty; ~ state registration of a
contract of lease of an enterprise; ~ state registration of a gift of immovable
property; ~ state registration of a contract for sale of an enterprise; ~
state registration of transfer of immovable property into trust
management; ~ state registration of transfer of the right of ownership
to immovable property; ~ public service; ~ public domain/state ownership; ~
42
state ownership of the property of a state enterprise; ~o state-owned enterprise ; ~

public revenues; ~ state machinery; ~ state budget; ~ state debt; ~ ~ state control service; ~
state sector; ~ civil servant/government employee.
/
state; country; nation; ~ government-owned/state-owned; ~- UN member
countries/states members of the United Nations; ~- member states of the Council of Europe; ~- debtor
state; ~- creditor state; ~, defaulting state; ~, non-signatory state; ~,
nuclear state/state in possession of nuclear weapons; ~, () signatory
state; ~- state of international law; ~ non-nuclear state ; ~ nuclear-weapon state.
plunder; ( ) robbery.
plunderer; robber.
to plunder; to rob.
/
citizen; subject; ~e naturalized citizens.
/
civil; civic; civilian; ~ legal capacity; ~ civil responsibility; ~ legal
capacity/civil law capacity; ~ civil jurisdiction; ~ civil rights; ~ civil liberties; ~ civil marriage; ~
civil tort; ~ civil action/claim; ~ civil claimant; ~ civil code; ~ civil procedure; ~
code of civil procedure; ~ civil court; ~oe civil case; ~oe civil law; ~oe relationship of civil law;
~oe civil demand; ~oe civil justice; ~ civil registration.
-B
civil law.
-/
civil procedure; ~oe civil procedure law; ~ civil procedure code.
/
citizenship; nationality; ~e to restore one's citizenship; ~ to change one's citizenship; ~a to
denaturalize/to deprive of citizenship; ~ to apply for citizenship; ~a to be granted
citizenship; ~a to naturalize; ~ to forfeit citizenship; ~ double citizenship.
/
charter; credentials; letters; ~ to present one's credentials; ~ exchange of
instruments of ratifications.
/
border, frontier; ~ poverty line; ~ state border; ~ sea border; ~ land border;
~ customs boundary; ~y to assault/to violate the border; ~ safeguarding the state
borders.
43
(, ) schedule; ~ debt repayment schedule; ~ duty chart; ~ payment schedule; ~

schedule of work; ~ debt service schedule; ~ schedule of payments; ~
repayment schedule; ~ schedule of deliveries; ~ sliding chart; ~ to disrupt a schedule;
~ to be ahead of schedule; ~a to be behind schedule; ~y to work on schedule; ~a
breach of a schedule; ~a departure from a schedule.
graphologist; handwriting analyst.
graphology.
/
graphological; ~ handwriting expertise.
/
coarse; rude; gross; ~oe gross violation of a contract.
cargo, goods, freight; consignment; shipment; ~ duty-free cargo; ~ insured cargo; ~

spoiled cargo; ~ commercial cargo; ~ contract cargo; ~ goods under arrest;
~ unclaimed cargo; ~ missing cargo; ~ uninsured cargo; ~
undeclared cargo; ~ damaged cargo; ~ lost cargo; ~ valuable cargo; ~ export cargo;
~a owner of cargo; ~a inspection of cargo; ~a detention of cargo; ~a seizure of
cargo; ~a shortage of cargo; ~a safety of cargo; ~ transportation of cargo; ~ to take in
cargo; ~ to discharge cargo (freight); ~ to deliver cargo; ~ to transport cargo; ~ to insure
cargo.
owner of cargo; cargo/freight owner.
cargo consignor, shipper.
consignee, receiver of cargo/of freight.
group; team; () bracket; category; () class; () set; ~ administration group; ~

banking group; ~ age bracket/group; ~ group of deputies; ~ action group; ~ social
group; ~ task group; ~ search party; ~ working group; - ~ finance-industrial
group; ~ economic group; ~ group of experts.
P/
grouping; alignment; ~ to refrain from joining a grouping; ~ to join a grouping.
governor; ~a gubernatorial elections.

/
humanitarian; ~ humanitarian aid.
44
humanity.
humanitarian.
ABAT
to give; ~ to lend/to loan; ~ to give rise to an action; ~ to give evidence.
/
pressure; ~ pressure on witnesses; ~ to exert pressure; ~ under the pressure.
/
limitation; prescription; long standing; ~ period of limitation/time limitation; ~ expiration of the
limitation period; ~ limitation of action; ~ extinctive limitation; ~ acquisitive prescription.
to dactylograph.
dactylography; identification of fingerprints.

/
data; information; ~ income records; ~ credit report; ~ cost data; ~
financial information; ~ restricted data; ~ bookkeeping data; ~ input data;
~ output data; ~ documentary data; ~ valid data; ~ distorted data; ~
original/preliminary data; ~ check data; ~ official data; ~ passport details; ~
conflicting data; ~ secret data; ~ to get/to receive data; ~ to distribute data; ~ to collect
data; ~ to establish data; ~x accuracy of information.
AP
donation; gift; () endowment.
/
donation; gift, grant; ~ gift in view of death; ~ absolute gift; ~ contract of gift;
~ prohibition of gift; ~ limitation of gift; ~ withdrawal of a gift.
donor; grantor.
deed of gift.
/
date; ~ cancellation date; ~ date of entry into force; ~ date of issue of a
certificate; ~ date of judgement; ~ date of manufacture; ~ date of
performance; ~ expiry date; ~ date of a trial; ~ closing date;
~ date of patenting; ~ date of payment; ~ redemption date; ~ date of application; ~
date of a contract; ~ date of delivery, delivery date; ~ date of bringing an action; ~
45
date of registration; ~ copyright date; ~ date of appearance; ~ to put

a date; ~ without date.
to date; ~ to postdate, to afterdate; ~ to antedate.

/
movable estate/property; movables; personalty; personal assets; ~ pledge of movable property; ~ right
of ownership to movable property; ~ provision of movable property for
temporary possession and use.
bigamy.
bigamist.
bigamy.
bigamy.
/:
~ double taxation.
1. () reciprocal, bilateral; 2. () two-way.
debit; ~ debit and credit; ~ debit of an account; ~ to debit; ~ to charge an amount to

the debit of an account.
to debit, to charge.
/
debit; ~ debit entry; ~ debit card; ~ debtor balance.
debtor; ~ ( , ) accounts (debt) receivable; outstandings; receivables.

/
debit; ~ debit indebtedness/accounts receivable; ~ to collect accounts
receivable.
/
devaluation; depreciation; ~ devaluation of currency; ~ to devalue/to devaluate.
brother-in-law.
/
legal capacity; legal competence; legal ability; ~ marriage ability/capacity to marry; ~ legal capacity;
~ testability/testamentary capacity; ~ international capacity to act; ~ general legal capacity;
~ limited legal capacity/limited competence; ~ full capacity; ~ ability/capacity to sue;
46
- ~ competence of a witness; ~ deprivation of legal capacity; ~ restriction of legal

capacity; ~ religious disqualification; ~ age
disqualification; ~ sex disqualification; ~
race disqualification; ~ acquisition of legal capacity; ~ court decision
restricting legal capacity; ~ to incapacitate.
legally capable, competent; ~ to acquire discretion.
deserter.
desertion.
/
act, action; () effect; ~ action performed without authorization of the interested party; ~
force of a treaty; ~ operation of civil legislation; ~ operation of a law; ~,
prejudicial action; ~, infringing act; ~ act of God/force-majeure effect; ~,
act endangering life; ~ culpable actions/acts of fault; ~ fraudulent act (action); ~ illegal
act; ~ illegal action; ~ unauthorized actions; ~ notarial act; ~
enforcement action; ~ illegal act; ~ illegal act; ~ investigative action; ~
deliberate/intended act; ~ legal action/juristic act; ~ liability for acts; ~ to put into
operation; ~ to come into effect; ~ to relate back; ~ to invalidate; ~
to come within the purview of law; ~ to have a free hand; ~ to give a carte blanche;
~ to take preventive action; ~ to terminate; ~ to suspend;
~ to perform an act.
/
reality; ( ) force; validity; ~ formal validity; ~ validity in law; ~ to
challenge the validity of a contract.
/
1. ( ) real; actual; true; 2. ( ) effective; valid; ~ active military
service.
1. to act; to operate; to function; 2. ( ) to be effective; to be in force; to be valid.

/
acting; current; ( ) effective; valid; ~ treaty in force; ~ current/effective law; ~e
active legislation/legislation in force; ~ee good law.
declarant.
/
declaration; ~ declaration of trust; ~ income statement; ~ bank
declaration; ~ cargo declaration; ~ tax declaration; ~ customs declaration; ~ to fill in a
declaration; ~ to produce a declaration; ~ to sign a declaration.
47
decree; ~ to decree/to issue a decree.
delegate.
delegating, delegation; ~ delegation of powers.
to delegate.
delict, tort, illegal action; ~ personal tort; ~ alleged tort; ~ civil tort; ~
property tort; - ~ international delict/internationally wrongful act; - ~ public tort;
~ private tort.
delinquent; trespasser; ~ juvenile delinquent.
delisting.
/
1. affair, matter; 2. (, ) business, work; undertaking; job; 3. () case, action; 4. () record of the
proceeding; file; ~, case for the defence; ~, case for the prosecution; ~,
matter of public concern; ~ case at bar; ~, case in charge;
~ matter of bankruptcy; ~a, consolidated cases; ~
action for reinstatement in office; ~ tax case; ~ case of infringement of rules; ~
divorce case; ~, case for a trial; ~ action against
administration; ~, matter accepted for processing; ~, case in dispute;
~ arbitration case; ~ unprofitable business; ~ profitable business; ~ civil case;
~ matter for the court/cognizable case; ~ risky business; ~ contentious case; ~ legal
case/legal cause; ~ private affair; ~ to conduct a case; ~ () to bring/to initiate an action (against);
~ to relegate a case; ~ to reopen a case; ~ to win a case;
~ to plead a case in court; ~ to evoke a case;
~a to appoint a hearing; ~ to submit a case to arbitration; ~ to remit a case;
~ to start one's own business; ~ to reconsider a case; ~ to dismiss a case; ~
to accept a matter for processing; ~ to lose a case; ~ to consider a case; ~ -
to decide a case in smb's favour; ~a materials of a case; ~a circumstances of a case; ~a
reconsideration of a case; ~y dismissal of a case; ~a motion for a new trial.
/
business; ~ business practice; ~ business reputation; ~ protection of business reputation;
, ~ dissemination of information discrediting business reputation; ~
to defame business reputation.
filing clerk.
48
record keeping; () proceedings of a court.
del credere; ~ del credere remuneration; ~ del credere commission.
demarcation; ~ demarcation of frontiers.
demarche; ~ to make a demarche.
demilitarization.
demobilization; discharge; dishonorable discharge ~ .
demonopolization; ~ property demonopolization.
to demonopolize.
demonstration; presentation.
dumping; ~ currency dumping; ~ hidden dumping; ~ commodity dumping; ~ price dumping;

~ to dump/to practise dumping.
denaturalization; deprivation of citizenship.

/
money; monetary; pecuniary; ~ monetary unit; ~ cash assets; ~ money loan; ~oe money
circulation; ~ money obligation; ~ monetary claim; ~ funds/resources; ~ cash
remittance/money order; ~ in monetary terms/in monetary expression; ~
liability for non-performance a monetary obligation; ~ satisfaction of a monetary claim;
~ conventional monetary unit.
-/
monetary; ~ oe monetary accommodation.
denomination; ~ denomination of national currency.
to denominate.
denunciation.
day; date; ~ date of a judgement; ~ pay day; ~ actual

day; ~ termination date; ~ day of payment; ~ day of delivery; ~ date of appearance in
49
court; ~ banking day; ~ trading day; ~ day off/free day; ~ fixed date; ~
calendar day; non-working day; reception day; ~ business/working day; up to this
date; from this day forth.
/
money, cash, currency; ~ money on deposit; budget finances; ~ cheap money; ~ expensive
money; ~ cash/money in hand; ~ earned money; ~ credit money; ~ cash/money in hand;
~ black money; ~ uncovered money; ~ depreciated money; ~
laundered money; ~ smart money; ~ forged money; ~ forged money/counterfeit money; ~
to borrow money; ~ to draw money from one's account; ~ to place money on deposit;
~ to pay money; ~ to issue money; ~ to redeem money from circulation; ~
to exchange currency; ~ issue of money/emission; ~ withdrawal of money from circulation;
~ depreciation of money; ~ money laundering; ~ transfer of money; ~
spending of money; ~ safekeeping of money; ~ issue of money, emission.
/
dispatch; ~ to deliver a diplomatic dispatch.
deposit; ~ demand deposit; ~ bank deposit; ~ short deposit; - general deposit;

~ savings deposit; ~ fixed deposit; ~ to place money on deposit; ~ to
transfer money on deposit.
/
1. ( ) depositary, bailee; 2. ( ) depositary; ~ stakeholder;
~ authorized depositary; ~ to appoint depositary; ~ to place in the custody of a
depositary.
/
deposit; ~ depositary receipt/deposit receipt; ~ deposit certificate/certificate of deposit.
depositor.
/
depositing, deposition; ~ depositing of an amount; ~ conditions of depositing funds.
power; ~ maritime power; ~ non-nuclear power; ~ nuclear power.
holder, bearer; ~ holder of a letter of credit; ~ shareholder/stockholder; ~ bearer of a bill; ~ holder of

a pledge/owner of a mortgage; ~ bondholder; ~ policy holder; ~ bona fide holder;
~ holder in due course; ~ mala fide holder; ~ nominee shareholder; ~
prior holder.
impudence.
destabilization; ~ destabilization of economy/economic destabilization.
50
detective; ~ private detective.
filicide; infanticide.
defect; flaw; deficiency; fault; ~ - defect of the manufacturing works; ~ manufacturing defect;
~ hidden defect/inherent vice; ~ to detect/to discover a defect; ~ to eliminate a defect.
deficit, scarcity, shortage; ~ deficit of the balance of payments; ~ deficit of the balance of trade;
~ budget deficit; ~ acute deficit; ~ food shortage; ~ rising deficit; ~
chronic deficit; ~ to have a deficit; ~ to cover/to compensate for a deficit; ~ to reduce a deficit;
~ to increase a deficit.
deflation.
default; ~a on the verge of default.

-
de jure; ~ to recognize de jure.
/
act, action, act of commission; deed; ~, act done by an official; ~,
malicious act; ~ prohibited act; ~ punishable act; ~ socially dangerous act;
~ act of crime; ~ wrongful act.
/
activity, activities, work; occupation; enterprise; ~ foreign economic activity; ~ public activities;
~ trust activities/trust business; ~ lawful activities; ~ legislation; ~
activity prohibited by a law; ~ indivudual labour activity; ~ intellectual activity;
~ business activity; ~ unlawful activity; ~ agency business; ~
entrepreneurial activity; ~ criminal activities; ~, ~ professional activity; ~ independent
activity; ~ joint activity; ~ trade activity; ~ economic activity; ~ to involve
in criminal activity; ~ to be involved in illicit activity; ~ to exercise
professional activity.
subversive activities; subversion.
dividend; ~ share dividend; ~ cash dividend; ~ annual dividend;

~ quarterly dividend; ~ accumulated dividend; ~ accrued dividend; ~
unclaimed dividend; ~ unpaid dividend; ~ taxable dividend; ~ interim dividend;
~ regular dividend; ~ to pay dividends; ~ to distribute dividends; ~ payment of
dividends; ~a dividend size.
51
dealer; ~ dealer in securities; ~ exchange dealer; ~ investment dealer;

~ authorized dealer; ~ dealer in commodities.
diplomat.
/
diplomatic; ~ diplomatic visa; ~ diplomatic correspondence; ~ diplomatic mission; ~
diplomatic immunity; ~ diplomatic note; ~ diplomatic documents; ~ diplomatic
relations; ~ diplomatic immunity; ~ diplomatic corps; ~ diplomatic passport; ~ diplomatic protocol;
~ diplomatic status; ~ diplomatic etiquette; ~oe diplomatic law; ~oe diplomatic representation;
~oe diplomatic asylum.
diplomacy; ~ open diplomacy; ~ secret diplomacy.
director; ~ general director; ~ managing director; ~ business director; ~

finance director.
directorate, management.
disbalance; ~ disbalance in trade.

/
disqualification; ~ to incur disqualification.
to disqualify.
disclaimer.
discount; ~ bill discount; ~ bank discount; ~ commercial discount.
discredit; discrediting; ~ impeachment of testimony.
to bring discredit; to discredit.
defamatory.
/
discrimination; ~ discrimination in trade; ~ employment discrimination; ~ credit
discrimination; ~ tax discrimination; ~ racial discrimination; ~ religious discrimination; ~
tariff discrimination; ~ price discrimination; ~ economic discrimination; ~ to be subjected to
discrimination.
52
/
average adjustment; ~ to adjust the average.
average adjuster.
/
discipline; ~ budgetary discipline; ~ monetary discipline; ~ agreement discipline; ~ credit
discipline; ~ payment discipline; ~ production discipline; ~ labour discipline; ~
financial discipline; ~ to breach discipline; ~ to maintain discipline.
/
disciplinary; ~ disciplinary responsibility; ~oe disciplinable action.
defamation; defamatory imputation; ~ malicious defamation.
to seek; to secure; ~ to secure a judgement.

prenaptial agreement, antenaptial agreement.
voluntarily.
/
voluntary; ~ voluntary appearance; ~oe voluntary confession.
bona fide; in good faith.

/
good faith; conscientiousness; honesty; ~ good faith of claims; ~ violation of the principle of good
faith. /
conscientious; bona fide; ~oe possession bona fide; ~ possessor in good faith; ~ bona fide purchaser;
~ innocent party.
/
letter of attorney, power of attorney, letter of trust, letter of authority, proxy, commission; ~ ... power of attorney in the name of...;
~ power of attorney for the general management of the grantor's affairs; ~
power of attorney for the receipt of deposit in bank; ~ dividend warrant; ~
power of attorney for the receipt of wages; ~ power of attorney for the receipt of pensions; ~
power of attorney for the receipt of payment; ~ signatory power; ~
power of attorney to operate transport means; ~ power of attorney to conclude
transactions; ~ power of attorney for performing legal actions; ~
power of attorney in the name of a legal person; ~ power of attorney and substitution; ~ assignment in
blank; ~ general power of attorney/general proxy; ~ notarially authenticated power of
attorney; ~ general power of attorney; ~ letter of procuration; ~ full power; ~ single proxy;
~ to cancel a power of attorney; ~ to give a power of attorney; ~ to draw up a power of attorney;
~ to draw money by warrant; ~ to present a power of attorney; ~ procuration;
53
~ date of a power of attorney; ~ revocation of a power of attorney; ~ termination of a power of attorney;

~ time period of a power of attorney.
BEPEHH/
attorney; agent; ~ to stand proxy.
/
faith, trust, credence; confidence; ~ depositors' confidence; ~ investor confidence; ~ consumer
confidence; ~e to abuse confidence; ~ to betray confidence; ~ to give credence; ~
to refuse credence; ~ to enjoy confidence; ~ to lose confidence; ~ vote of confidence;
~ abuse of confidence.
/
proxy giver; principal; ~ principal and agent; ~ to act in the name of the principal.
/
confidential; fiduciary; ~ trust; ~ constructive trust/implied trust; ~
trusteeship/beneficial ownership; ~ entrusted management of property; ~ trustee/trust owner; ~
trustee/beneficial owner; ~ trust; ~ transfer of property to trusteeship;
~ termination of a contract for trust management of property; ~
founder of trust; ~ to hand over property to trusteeship.
to credit; to trust.
argument; reason; submission; ~ adversary's argument; ~ to refute arguments; ~ to

advance arguments.
to arrange; to negotiate.
agreement, contract; treaty; ~ contract of tenancy/leasing agreement; ~ bank deposit agreement; ~

agreement on bank accounts; ~ contract of uncompensated use; ~
contract of compensated provision of services; ~ contract for the benefit of a third party; ~
state loan agreement; ~ contract of gift; ~ agreement on
trusteeship of property; ~ - contract of purchase; ~ contract of employment; ~
contract for hire of property; ~ boundary treaty; ~ treaty of mutual security; ~
mutual assistance treaty; ~ treaty on general and complete disarmament; ~
treaty of extradition; ~ treaty of friendship; ~ personal insurance contract; ~
treaty of neutrality; ~ non-aggression treaty; ~ non-proliferation
treaty; ~ contract of exchange and barter; ~ treaty of cession; ~ turnkey contract; ~
contract of record; ~ contract of guarantee;~ contract of sale; ~ mixed contract; ~
contract of insurance; ~ agency agreement; - ~ civil law contract; ~ bilateral
agreement; ~ loan agreement; ~ international agreement; ~ void contract;
~ notarially authenticated agreement; ~ written agreement; ~ subagency
agreement; ~ employment agreement; ~ founding agreement; ~ economic agreement;
54
~ to enter into a treaty; ~a to withdraw from a treaty; ~ to denounce a treaty; ~ to

conclude a treaty; ~ to execute/to perform a treaty; ~ to invalidate a treaty; ~ to commit a
breach of a treaty; ~ to initial a treaty; ~ to sign a treaty; ~y to accede to a treaty;
~a to extend/to prolong the validity of a treaty; ~ to ratify a treaty; ~ to observe a
treaty; ~ to draw up a treaty; ~a termination of an agreement; ~a renewal of an agreement;
~ entry of a treaty into force; ~a performance/execution of a contract; ~a effect of an
agreement; ~a conclusion of an agreement; ~a breach/violation of an agreement; ~a
invalidity of an agreement; ~y obligations under a contract; ~ refusal to perform a contract;
~a subject of an agreement; ~a termination of a contract; ~a recognition of a
contract as invalid; ~a termination/cancellation of a contract; ~a term of an agreement; ~a party to a
contract; ~a contractual requirements; ~a contractual conditions.
/
agreement, arrangement, engagement; understanding; () covenant; accord; ~ agreement on the level
of ministers; ~ profit-sharing arrangement; ~ procedural agreement; ~
informal understanding; ~ lawful agreement; preliminary agreement; ~ agreement in
principle; ~ unlawful agreement; ~ verbal arrangement; ~ financial arrangement; ~ to
achieve/to reach agreement; ~ to break/to violate agreement; ~ in compliance with the
achieved agreement; ~ by agreement/as agreed.
/
contractual; conventional; ~ conventional rule; ~ contractual jurisdiction; ~ treaty practice; ~
negotiated/agreed price; ~e contractual obligation; ~oe contract law; ~oe contractual legal
relations; ~ treaty rules; ~ contractual relations/privity of a contract; ~ treaty rights; ~
contract sequestration; ~ on contractual basis.
/E
inquisition; inquest; inquiry; investigation; ~ upon completion of an inquiry; ~ during an inquiry;
~ to conduct/to hold an inquiry; ~ to participate in an inquiry.
proof; ~ proof of a criminal charge; ~ proof of confession; ~ proof of admission; ~

proof by evidence.
evidential; probative.
/
evidential; probative; ~ presumptive evidence; ~ law of evidence.
/
evidence; proof; ~ evidence of ownership; ~ evidence for the defendant; ~,
internal evidence; ~, evidence by affidavit; ~, prima facie evidence; ~
evidence for the defence; ~ probate; ~, illegally obtained evidence; ~
evidence of priority; ~ evidence of a fact; ~ undubitable evidence; ~ physical evidence;
~ documentary evidence; ~ reliable evidence; ~ indirect evidence; ~
incontrovertible proof; ~ conclusive evidence; ~ written evidence; ~ direct evidence; ~
55
evidence at law; ~ convincing evidence; ~a to acquire/to procure evidence; ~a to negate evidence;

~a to challenge evidence; ~a to corroborate evidence; ~a to afford/to present evidence;
~a to accept as evidence; ~o to serve as evidence; ~a to gather the necessary
proof.
/
of; evidence; ~ probate; ~ proof by affidavit; ~ proof
by testimony; ~ proof of admission; ~ proof by circumstantial evidence; ~
direct proof.
AT
to prove; to establish; to show; ~ to establish to the satisfaction of the court.
document, paper, instrument; deed; ~ sealed document; ~ delivery-warrant; ~

document to a bearer; ~ deed of release; ~
deed of trust; ~ vesting document; ~, demand document; ~,
document attached to the case; ~ document due and payable; ~,
document of a title; ~, document establishing one's identity; ~ bank
document; ~ accounting document; ~ financial document; ~ directive document; ~
evidence of debt; ~ testamentary document; ~ mortgage document; ~ attested
document; ~ executive document; ~ invalid document; ~ regulatory document;
~ negotiable document; ~ substantiating document; ~ official document; ~
payment document; ~ forged document; ~ original document; ~ legal document;
~ order document; ~ classified document; ~ warehouse document; ~ in-house document;
~ accompanying document; ~ insurance certificate; ~ customs document;
~ document passing title to goods; ~ transport document; ~ accounting documents;
~ foundation documents; ~ financial document; ~ legal document; ~ to deliver/to
issue a document; ~ to certify a document; ~ to suppress a document; ~ to announce a document;
~ to process a document; ~ to surrender a document; ~ to sign a document; ~ to
furnish/to present a document; ~ to file a document; ~ to execute a deed; ~ to
draw up a document; ~a issue of a document; ~a extract; ~a replacement of a document; ~a
original document; ~a recall of a document; ~ issuance of documents; ~a original document;
~a drawing up of a document.
debt; duty; liabilities; arrears; indebtedness; ~ budget debts; ~ debt to the

federal government; ~ debts on loans; ~ arrears of wages; ~ tax arrears; ~
pension arrears; ~ debts on payments to funds; ~ fines and penalties arrears;
~ non-recoverable debt; ~ irrevocable debt; ~ budget debt; ~ external debt;
~ domestic debt; ~ state debt; ~ long-term debt; ~ consolidated debt;
~ short-term debt; ~ accumulated debt; ~ unsecured debt; ~ unpaid
debt; ~ undischarged (unpaid) debt; ~ secured debt; ~ deferred debt; ~ paid
debt; ~ stale debt; ~ debt at law; ~ to borrow; ~ to recover a debt;
56
~a to acquit from a debt; ~ to defer a debt; ~ to clear off/to extinguish; ~a recovery of

a debt; ~a repayment of a debt; ~a replacement of a debt with a loan obligation;
~ liability for debts; ~a transfer of a debt to another person; ~a repayment;
~a cover for a debt; ~ write-off of debts; ~ burdened with debts.
/
shared; ~ shared property/shared ownership; ~ shared obligation; ~
shared participation in a joint-stock company; ~ shared financing; ~ contribution.
debtor; obligator; ~, defaulting debtor; ~ bill debtor; ~ mortgager; ~

claim debtor; ~ execution debtor; ~ loan holder; ~ customs payments
debtors; ~ bad debtor; ~ bankrupt; ~ principal debtor; ~ joint and several
debtors ; ~ joint and several obligation of debtors.
/
post, position, appointment; office; ~ administrative post/administrative capacity; ~ vacancy; ~
elective office; ~ work capacity; ~ major post; ~ official position; ~ judgeship;
~ permanent appointment/permanent position; ~ to install; ~ to reinstate in office; ~
to come into office/to take office; ~ to fill a vacancy; ~ to be in office; ~ to appoint to the
post; o ~ to downgrade; ~ installation; ~ in the capacity of; ~ appointment to a post;
~ discharge from office; ~ tenure of office.
/
part, portion; participation; share; interest; () contribution; ~ equity; ~ share in
business; ~ share in the right of common ownership; ~ share in profits; ~
share in property/in ownership; ~ share in the authorized fund; ~ proportional share;
~ total share; ~ to contribute; ~ to alienate a share; ~ to transfer a share; ~ to be
due to the share; ~ to comprise a share in the capital; ~ to assign a share;
~ to participate in business commensurate with one's share; ~ alienation of a share; ~
transfer of a share; ~ passing of a share in the capital to another person; ~e in an equal
share.
,
domicile; ~ domicile by operation of law; ~ domicile by birth/native domicile; ~ bank domicile;
~ civil domicile; ~ foreign domicile; ~ commercial domicile.
householder; houseowner.
importunity; harassment; solicitation.
denunciation; report to the police; ~ false denunciation.
to denounc.
57
/
additional payment, afterpayment; ~ overtime pay; ~ payment of additional insurance
premium; ~ without extra charge.
/
addition; () amendment; ~ supplement to a contract; ~ additions to the charter; ~
to introduce amendments and additions; ~ ... in addition to ...
additional; complementary; supplementary.
to examine; to interrogate; to question; ~ to examine/to interrogate a witness.
examination; interrogation; questioning; ~ hearing/examination of witnesses; ~ judicial questioning; ~ to

conduct an examination/interrogation; ~y to examine/to interrogate; ~ r ecord of the interrogation.
access; ~ to be given a security clearance.
additional investigation.
to examine; to inspect.
inspection, examination; ~ luggage examination; ~ inspection of cargo; ~ customs examination;

~ to exempt from examination; ~ to carry out examination; ~ to pass through the customs.
/
delivery, carriage, conveyance; haulage; ~ delivery of luggage; ~ delivery of cargo; ~ delivery by installments; ~
late delivery; ~ home-delivery service; ~ free delivery; ~ immediate delivery;
~ punctual delivery; ~ safe delivery; ~ express delivery; ~y to delay delivery;
~y to make delivery; ~y charge for delivery.
to deliver; ~ to deliver safely.

/
achievement, accomplishment; ~ reaching retirement; ~ economic achievements.
/ authenticity; accuracy; faithfulness, credibility; ~ accuracy of data; ~ credibility of
testimony.
/
1. dignity; 2. () value; worth; denomination.
access; ~ access to information; ~ access to a computer network; ~ free

access; ~ legal access; ~ equal access; ~ free access; ~ to block up access; ~ to limit
access; ~ to obtain access; ~a restricted to access.
58
/
rtrial.
file; record; history; ~ court file.

/
subsidy, dotation, grant; ~ budgetary subsidy; ~ government subsidy; ~ direct subsidy; ~
to subsidize/to grant a subsidy.
income, revenue, return, yield; proceeds, earnings, receipts; ~ budget revenues; ~ dividend yield; ~
income of the population; ~, non-taxable income; ~, taxable income; ~
income from property; ~ income from commercial activities; ~
operating income; ~ income received from entrepreneurial activity; ~ proceeds
from privatization; ~ sales revenue; ~ income from sales; ~ advertising profit; ~
tax revenues; ~ trading income; ~ income from financial operation; ~
commodity export earnings; ~ after-tax income; ~ yield on securities; ~,
income concealed from taxation; ~ gross income; ~ foreign exchange earnings;
~ imputed income; ~ annual income/revenue; ~ national revenues; ~ legal income;
~ monthly receipts; ~ taxable revenues; ~ national income; ~ illegal income;
~ unearned income; ~ real income; ~ total income; ~ average annual income;
~ monthly income; ~ earned income; ~ after-tax income/ earnings; ~ to bring an income;
~ conceal income from taxation; ~ax income statement; ~
taxation of income.
fight; affray; ~y to come/to get to blows.
to fight.
split, segmentation; ~ splitting of shares; ~ dissociation of capital.
lunatic; insane; mad.
executor.
to suffocate; to strangulate.
59
unit; ~ taxation unit; ~ unit of account; ~ administrative unit/administrative area;

- ~ administrative-territorial unit; ~ monetary unit; ~ production unit;
unit of account; ~ local unit; ~ economic unit; ~ legal entity.
monogamy.
monogamous.
/
consanguineous; ~ blood sister/half-sister; ~ blood brother/half-brother.
individual; () sole.
/
appeal, complaint; ~ customer's complaint; ~ appeal; ~ legitimate appeal; ~
cassation/writ of appeal; ~ official complaint; ~y to serve an appeal; ~ to address
a complaint; ~y to deny a complaint; ~y to file/to make a complaint; ~y to consider a complaint;
~y to grant/to satisfy a complaint; ~ to petition for the appeal to be
considered; complaints procedure; ~ consideration/examination of a complaint.
() salary; ~ to pay a salary; ~ to raise a salary; ~ to get a salary; ~ to reduce a

salary.
to complain, to make a complaint.
uxoricide.
uxoricide.
ballot, casting lots; lot; sortition; drawing lots; ~ ballot.
() victim; ~ victim of assault; ~ victim of a crime.

/
cruel; brutal; savage; ~ cruel design; ~oe cruel treatment.
60
cruelty; brutality; savageness.

/
life; ~ married life; ~ business life; ~ personal life; ~ family life; ~ married life;
~ private life; ~ to earn one's living; ~ life insurance.
dwelling; house; home; ~, dwelling unfit for habitation; ~ rented dwelling; ~

comfortable dwelling; ~ right to housing.
/
housing; ~ housing legislation; ~ Housing Code of the Russian Federation; ~
housing cooperative.
/
housing; ~ housing premises/residential premises; ~ dwelling house/housing premises; ~ living-space
fund/housing space; ~ use of the housing premises of the residence for other than
intended purpose; ~ subrental of housing premises; ~ right of ownership to
housing premises; ~ sale of housing premises.
endorser.
endorsee.
1. () giro; 2. ( ) endorsement.
dweller; inhabitant; ~ native; ~ local; ~ permanent resident.

/
habitation; residence; ~ residence permit; ~ residence.
magazine; journal; ( ) register; ~ minutes/minute-book; ~ execution docket;

~ appearance docket; ~ to enter in the register.
judges; ~ grand jury; ~ petty jury; ~ jury of inquiry.
/
strike; walkout; stoppage; ~ protest strike; ~ solidarity strike; ~ general strike; ~ hunger
strike; ~ protracted strike; ~ short-term strike; ~ unofficial strike; ~
national strike; ~ warning strike; ~ unauthorized/wildcat strike; ~ economic strike;
~y to call a strike; ~y to call off a strike; ~y to stage a strike/to strike; ~y right to strike.
61
striker.
/
delusion; ignorance; error; mistake; ~ mistake of law; ~ negligent ignorance; ~ ignorance of a
fact; ~ bona fide ignorance; ~ false representation/misrepresentation; ~ deceptive;
~ fraudulent misrepresentation; ~ innocent ignorance; ~ to deceive
intentionally; ~ to act under the influence of an error; ~ to conclude a
transaction under the influence of an error; ~ under the influence of an error.
disease; illness; sickness; ~ lunacy/mental disease; ~ infectious disease; ~ occupational

disease.
authenticated, certified; ~ probate.
testifier; witness.
to authenticate, to attest, to certify; ~ to attest a copy; ~ to authenticate a signature.

/
will, testament; ( ) bequest; ( ) devise; ~ probate;
~ notarial will; ~ to change a will; ~ to administer/to execute a will; ~ to challenge a will;
~ to fabricate a will; ~ under an intestacy; ~ testament guardian; ~ (
) revocation of a probate; ~ transfer/passing of the right of ownership in accordance with a
will; ~ right of a participant in shared ownership to give his share by a will;
~ under a will.
bequeathed; devised; given by a will.
testator, legator; settlor; ( ) deviser.

/
testamentary; ~ - testamentary capacity; ~ testamentary disposition; ~ testamentary
gift/gift by a will; ~ legacy/testamentary bequest; ~ devise.
to leave by will; to give by testament, to testate; ( ) to bequeath; ( ) to devise.

/
dependence; ~ dependence on foreign capital; ~ material dependence; ~ financial
dependence; ~ economic dependence.
to take possession, to seize; to capture.
62
() seizure; () occupancy; occupation; taking; ( ) takeover; ~

constructive taking; ~ forcible seizure; ~ criminal occupation; ~
actual seizure/actual occupancy.
1. () overestimate, overvaluation; overestimation; 2. () overpricing; ~ appreciation; ~

overstatement of profit; ~ increased insurance sum.
conspiracy; plot; ~ conspiracy to overthrow the government; ~ military conspiracy;

~ to conspire; ~ to foil/to frustrate a conspiracy; ~ to conspire/to organize a conspiracy.
conspirator; plotter.
/
advance money, earnest money, deposit; ~ payment of earnest money; ~ return of the earnest money;
~ amount of the earnest; ~ amount of the earnest money; ~ demand for payment of a deposit;
~ to provide earnest money; ~ to return earnest money; ~ to give an earnest; ~ to receive an
earnest.
/
1. () arrest, detention; apprehension; 2. () detention; 3. () attachment, impoundment; seizure; sequestration; ~
arrest/detention of cargo; ~ arrest of a ship; ~ detention of goods; ~ temporary detention; ~
recapture; ~ legal detention; ~ unlawful arrest; ~ unfounded detention; ~ arbitrary
detention; ~ to make an arrest; ~ arrest report; ~ warrant to apprehend; ~ from the time
of detention; ~ conditions of detention.
detainee; detained person.
1. to delay, to detain; to hold up; to impede; 2. () to arrest, to detain; ~ to hold up legislation.

/
1. delay, detention; hold-up; impediment; 2. () arrest, detention; ~ delay in execution of work; ~
delay in the execution of a contract; ~ delay in shipment; ~ delay in delivery; ~
detention of cargo; ~ delay in fulfillment; ~ delay in transfer of funds; ~ delay in payment,
default in payment; ~ ... delay through the fault of...; ~ unjustified delay; ~y penalty for delay.
/
debt, arrears, indebtedness, liability; ~ bank debt/bank overdraft; ~ budget indebtedness; ~
accrued tax; ~ dividends in arrears, dividend arrears; ~ arrears of wages; ~ mortgage arrears; ~
indebtedness under credits; ~ tax liability; ~ pension arrears; ~ arrears in deliveries;
~ external debt/foreign indebtedness; ~ internal debt/internal indebtedness; ~ national debt;
~ debit indebtedness/accounts receivable; ~ mortgage debt; ~ capital liabilities; ~
floating debt; ~ credit indebtedness; ~ accumulated debt; ~ unsecured debt;
~ outstanding debt; ~ total debt; ~ current debt/current indebtedness; ~ financial
63
indebtedness; ~ to be in arrears; ~ to clear off/to extinguish a debt; ~ discharge of debts; ~ writing

off a debt; ~ notification of indebtedness.
loan, borrowing; ~ loan on pawn ; ~ low-interest loan; ~ bank loan; ~ free

loan; ~ interest-free loan; ~ foreign loan; ~ domestic loan; ~ national loan;
~ long-term loan; ~ mortgage loan; ~ commercial loan; ~ short-term loan;
~ international borrowing; ~ outstanding loan; ~ unsecured loan; ~
secured loan; ~ government loan; ~ forced loan; ~ interest-bearing loan; ~
special-purpose loan; ~ to issue a loan; ~ to make a loan; ~ to redeem a loan; ~ to
subscribe to a loan; ~ to grant a loan; ~ to float a loan; ~ to call in a loan; loan
repayment; loan issue; loan agreement; security for a loan; ~ subscription
to a loan; ~ loan subscriber; obtaining of a loan; granting of a loan;
interest on loans; size of a loan; term of a loan; sum of a loan.
borrower, loan debtor; ~a obligations of the borrower; ~a debtor's receipt; ~a without the
concurrence of a borrower; ~a with the concurrence of a borrower.
creditor, lender, loaner; ~ mortgage lender.

/
borrowing; ~ unsecured borrowing ; ~ cash drawings; ~ mortgage
borrowing.
interest; ~ interest in conclusion of a transaction; ~ mutual interest; ~ material

interest/financial incentive; ~ economic interest.
order; ~ prepaid order; ~ state order; ~ outstanding order; ~ priority

order; ~ government order; ~ pressing/urgent order; ~ to cancel/to revoke an order;
~ to execute an order; ~ to make an order; ~ to obtain an order; ~ to accept an
order; ~ to place an order; ~a placement of an order; ~ to order; o ~y under order.
customer, client; ~ state contractor; ~ regular customer; ~ potential customer;

~a assignment of the customer; ~a rights of the customer under the agreement.
to make an order; to order; to place an order; to book; to reserve.
pledge; ( ) mortgage; ( ) pawning; ~ pawning of property; ~a to

take out of pledge; ~ to pledge/ ( ) to hypothecate, to mortgage; ~e in pawn; in pledge.
/
mortgage, encumbrance; ( ) bond; instrument of pledge; mortgage deed, pledge; ~ mortgage on
movable property; ~ mortgage on land; ~ mortgage on property; ~
64
mortgage on immovable property; ~ pledge on goods; ~ bank mortgage; ~ legal mortgage;

~ mortgage bond; ~ amortization mortgage; ~ customs bond;
~ to discharge a mortgage; ~ to clear/to redeem a mortgage; ~ to execute a mortgage; ~ to
raise a mortgage; ~ redemption of a mortgage; ~ mortgagee; ~ mortgager; ~
mortgage creditor/mortgagee; ~ mortgage interest.
mortgagor, pawner.
mortgagee, pawnee.
to pledge; ( ) to mortgage, to hypothecate; to encumber; ( ) to pawn; ( )

to bond; ( ) to pledge securities; put securities in pledge.
1. ( ) to come to a conclusion; to conclude; to draw a conclusion; 2. ( ) to imprison; to confine; ~

to conclude a contract; ~ to take into custody; ~ to conclude a transaction.
/
1. () conclusion; concluding; implication; inference; 2. () resolution; 3. () conclusion; 4. ( )
imprisonment, confinement; ~ audit report; ~ imprisonment; ~ conclusion of a contract; ~
contraction of a loan; ~ resolution of a committee; ~ conclusion of a contract; ~ confinement under
guard/taking into custody; ~ audit certificate; ~ conclusion of a transaction; ~ expert's report; ~
medical report; ~ bill of indictment; ~ preliminary conclusion; ~ to arrive at a conclusion;
~ place of conclusion of a contract.
prisoner; detainee; inmate; ~, untried prisoner; ~,

short-term prisoner.
law; act; legislation; statute; ~, retroactive law; ~ copyright law; ~

statute on joint-stock companies; ~ bankruptcy statute/law on bankruptcy; ~ arbitration act; ~
statute on the immunity of the state and its property; ~
statute on intellectual property; ~ law on mortgage; ~ statute of limitations; ~
employment protection act; ~ law on discoveries; ~
statute law on limited liability companies; ~ statute on the protection of the
environment/law on environmental protection; ~ appropriation act; ~ statute law
on mutual insurance; ~ statute on state registration of legal entities; ~
citizenship law/law on citizenship; ~ strike law; ~ statute on land and
other natural resources; ~ company law; ~ taxation law; ~ statute on bankruptcy;
~ patent code; ~ law on consumer cooperatives; ~ law on privatization; ~
registration law; ~ statute on registration of legal persons; ~ statute on
insurance; ~ statute on commercial paper/law on securities; ~ civil statute; ~ effective
law/law in force; ~ prohibitive law; ~ agrarian law; ~ election law; ~
65
constitutional law; ~ fiscal law; ~ dormant law; ~ restraining statute; ~ basic

law; ~ customs law; ~ tariff law; ~ criminal law; ~ federal law; ~ to
abrogate/to annul a law; ~ to enact a law; ~ to get into difficulty with a law;
~a to keep within a law; ~ to issue laws; ~a to have the validity of law; ~a to carry
out the requirements of a law; ~ to abuse/to violate a law; ~ to promulgate a law; ~ to circumvent a
law; ~a to outlaw; ~ to repeal/to revoke a law; ~ to trample on a law;
~a to defeat/to oppose a law; ~y to prosecute at law; ~ to adopt/to pass a law;
~y to conflict with a law; ~ to comply with a law/to observe a law; ~ to plead a statute;
~ to interpret a law ; ~a implementation of a law; ~ legal protection; ~a violation
of a law; ~a provisions of law; ~a retroactive force of a law; ~a publication of a law; ~a
provisions of a law; ~a preamble to a law; ~a legal provision; ~a application of a law; ~a
adoption of a law; ~ compiled laws; ~ compliance with laws; ~a requirements of a law;
~a in violation of the law; ~a in pursuance of the law; ~a within the law; ~ by force of law;
~ under the law; ~ in a manner provided by a statute.
lawyer; legalist.
lawfully; legally; legitimately.
legitimate; ~ legitimate child.

/
lawfulness; legitimacy; legality; validity; lgalism; ~ lawful possession; ~ lawfulness of detention; ~
lawfulness of a claim; ~ lawful nature of a transaction; ~ lawful character of demands; ~
to restore law and order; ~ to violate a law; ~ to acknowledge the lawfulness; ~ to
comply with a law; ~ offence against law/illegality; ~ due course of law.
/
lawful; legal; juridical; legitimate; rightful; valid; ~oe lawful exercise of a right; ~oe legal
tender; ~oe legitimate use of force; ~ legitimate interests; ~ legal rights; ~ lawful
demands; ~ lawful marriage; ~ legal holder/owner; ~ lawful heir; ~ lawful predecessor.
legislator, lawmaker; lawgiver.

/
legislative; lawgiving; lawmaking; ~ constituent power; ~ lawmaking; legislature; ~ legislative
initiative; ~oe legislative proposal; ~oe legislative assembly; ~ legislative act; ~ law-making body.
/
legislation; laws; lawmaking; ~ bankruptcy laws; ~ consumer legislation; ~
conservation laws; ~ traffic law; ~ consumer protection legislation; ~
health law; ~ welfare laws; ~ administrative legislation;
~ antimonopoly legislation; ~ banking legislation; ~ currency legislation; ~ internal
legislation; ~ civil legislation; ~ current legislation; ~ housing legislation; ~ land
66
legislation; ~ licensing law; ~ international legislation; ~ domestic legislation; ~ tax

legislation; ~ patent legislation; ~ legal legislation; ~ environmental legislation;
~ procedural legislation; ~ social legislation; ~ customs laws; ~ commercial legislation; ~
labour legislation; ~ criminal legislation; ~ federal legislation; ~ economy legislation;
~ to promulgate legislation; ~ to annul/to revoke legislation; ~ to offer legislation; ~ to
adopt legislation; ~ acts of civil legislation; ~ violation of legislation; ~a fundamentals of
legislation; ~ provisions of legislation; ~ application of civil legislation.
legal provision; enactment. bill; draft law; proposed statute; legislative draft; draft of legislation; ~ budget
bill; ~ finance bill; ~ to bring in/to initiate a bill; ~ to veto a bill; ~ to debate a bill;
~ to shelve/to table a bill; ~ to reject a bill; ~ to reconsider a bill; ~ to adopt/to
approve/to pass a bill; ~ to defeat a bill; ~ to draft/to elaborate a bill; ~ to consider a bill;
~ to enact a bill.
closing; closure; ~ closure/withdrawal of a letter of credit; ~ closing of a bank account; ~

withdrawal of credit; ~ closing of an enterprise.
/
closed; ~ closed joint-stock company; ~ closed auction; ~ closed conditional auction/closed
competition.
( ) mortgage; pledge; ( ) pawn; ( ) bond; () bail; ()

deposit; () guarantee; warrant; ~ pledge without transfer of
pledged property to the pledgee; ~, pledge originating out of a contract; ~,
pledge originating on the basis of a law; ~ pledge of buildings and structures; ~ pledge
of a land plot; ~ pledge of property; ~ bill guarantee; ~ pledge of things in a pawnshop; ~
pledge of movable property; ~ pledge of immovable property/mortgage of real estate; ~
floating charge; ~ pledge of structures; ~
pledge with transfer of pledged property to the pledgee; ~ pledge of securities; ~ registered
mortgage; ~ hypothecation/hypothecary pledge; ~ chattel mortgage; ~
bonded; ~ subsequent pledge; ~ firm pledge; ~ to deposit a bail; ~ to take
goods in pledge; ~a to take out of a pledge; ~ to be in pledge; ~ to let out on bail;
~ to pledge; ~a to accept as a pledge; ~a holder of a pledge, owner of a mortgage;
~e contract of pledge; ~ loan against a pledge; , ~ a levy of
execution against pledged property; ~a valuation of a pledge; ~ right of the owner to
give property in pledge; ~a object of a pledge; ~a termination of a pledge; ~
acceptance of movable property by way of a pledge; ~a sum of a deposit; ~ assignment of rights
under a contract of pledge; , ~a loss of the object of pledge; ~ in pledge; ~ on the
security.
67
/
pledge; ~ mortgage certificate/certificate of pledge; ~ shares-for-the-loan auction/loans-for-shares deal; ~
pledge ticket.
mortgager, mortgagor, pledger, pawner; depositor; person providing a bail.

/
encumbrancer; mortgagee, pledgee, holder of a pledge; pawnee; ~ subsequent pledgee; ~ preceding
pledgee.
/
pledged; mortgaged; ~ pledged property.
hostage; ~ to take hostages; ~ to free hostages.

/
replacement; substitution; change; ~ replacement of a debt with a loan bond; ~
substitution of property with other property; ~ warranty replacement; ~ substitution of the object of pledge;
~ commutation of the death penalty to life; ~ replacement of goods;
~ to be liable to replacement.
to change; to replace, to substitute, to supersede; ~ to commute a sentence.

/
deputy; assistant; vice; substitute; ~ deputy director general; ~ deputy head of a delegation;
~ deputy manager; ~ vice-manager; ~ to select an assistant; ~ to
name an assistant in an agreement.
freeze; freezing; ~ wage freeze; ~ freeze on loans; ~ freezing of prices, freeze.
marriage.
intent; intention; premeditation; ~ criminal intent.
to deliberate; to design; to contrive; to premeditate; ~ to contrive a crime.
understatement; ~ underdeclaration of income; ~ understatement of capital; ~

understatement of customs value.
1. () to occupy; 2. ( ) to borrow; ~ to hold a post.
1. () work, business, employment; 2. () profession, occupation, trade.
68
employment; ~ industrial employment; ~ employment security; ~ part employment;

~ total employment; ~ full employment; ~ seasonal employment; ~ actual employment; ~
part-time employment; ~ to secure employment.
stock; store; reserve; resources; ~ cash balance; ~ reserves of minerals; ~ currency

reserve; ~ emergency stock; ~ remnant stock; ~ to rebuild the stock; ~ to
exhaust stocks; ~ to renew stocks; ~ to estimate stocks; ~ to clear the stock; ~
to draw on stocks.
/A
note; report; brief; ~ , defendant's brief; ~ ,
appeal brief/court brief; ~, reply brief; ~ contract note; ~
report; ~ memorandum/pro memoria; ~ office memorandum.
/
record; register; entry; registration; () posting; statement; ~ marriage statement; ~ divorce
statement; ~ birth statement; ~ death statement; ~ civil registration; ~
entry on the termination of activity of a company; ~ record of the
evidence; ~ entry; ~ business entry; ~ record of a judgement;
~ registration entry; ~ to cancel an entry; ~ to keep a record; ~ making an entry; ~ register of
entries.
reservation, wild life reserve.
to make an inquiry; to request; to inquire; ~ to request information.
ban; prohibition; inhibition; veto; embargo; interdiction; () injunction; ~ prohibition of import/embargo on import; ~
prohibition of export/embargo on export; ~ prohibition of trade; ~ prohibition against tortures; ~
temporary embargo; ~ government ban; ~ injunction/injunctive relief; ~ to put under a ban;
~ to be under a ban; ~ to lift a ban; ~a imposition of a ban. / prohibitive;
prohibitory; ~ prohibitive duty.
/
forbidden; ~ forbidden area.
to ban; to prohibit; to forbid; to veto; to interdict; ~ interdict by law; ~ to suppress the publication.
ban, prohibition; inhibition; interdiction; ~ prohibition of import/embargo on import; ~ limitation of gift; ~

prohibition of activity; ~ banning nuclear tests; ~ injunction.
/
1. forbidden; banned; prohibited; 2. () unlawful; illicit; illegal; ~o forbidden publication.
69
inquiry; request; query; ~ inquiry for delivery; ~ credit inquiry; ~ status

inquiry; ~ deputy's inquiry; ~ official inquiry; ~ written questionnaire; ~
preliminary query; ~ to make an inquiry; ~ to forward an inquiry; ~ to answer an inquiry; ~
response to a query; ~y a at the request of judges.
to intimidate; to terrorize.
to earn; ~ to earn one's living.
gains; earnings; pay; ~ annual earnings; ~ monthly earnings; ~ gross earnings; ~ incidental
earnings; ~ average earnings.
/
earnings; pay; () wages; () salary; ~ labour wage in one's work capacity; ~
take-home income; ~ paid wages; ~ guaranteed wages; ~ annual wages;
~ monthly wages/salary; ~ weekly wages; ~ back pay; ~ indexed wages; ~
minimum wage; ~ gross payroll; ~ hourly earnings; ~ real earnings; ~ piece-work earnings;
~ average monthly wages; ~ base pay; ~ fixed wages/salary; ~ statutory
wages; ~ to pay wages; ~y to increase/to raise wages; ~y to cut/to lower wages;
~ power of attorney for the receipt of wages; ~ wage freeze; ~ wage indexation;
~y wage tax.
to register; to record.
/
ambush; ~y to lay an ambush.
( ) attestation, certification; authorization, verification; ~ notarial attestation.

/
certified; attested; authenticated; ~ certified copy; ~ authenticated signature.
to attest; to authenticate; to certify; to notarize; ~ to attest notarially/to notarize.

/
session; sitting; meeting, conference; ~ court session/court in session; ~ emergency/extraordinary meeting;
~ closing session; ~ closed meeting; ~ proceedings in open court/public hearing;
~ inauguration meeting; ~ to close a meeting; ~ to adjourn the court; ~ to open
a meeting; ~ record of judicial proceedings.
assessor; lay judge.
to be in session; to sit; ~ to sit as a judge; ~ to sit in judgement.

70
to hear; ~ o to hear a case; ~ to hear witnesses.

/
insured; ~oe insured property.
to insure.
/
expense; expenditure; costs; charges; ~ capital costs; ~ operating costs; ~ all charges
including.
seizure; occupation; ~ seizure of power; ~ forcible seizure of foreign territories.
to seize; to occupy; ( ) to capture.
setting off; set-off; discounting; settlement; ~ setting off the amount of the earnest; ~ set-off of claims; ~
set-off of claims for indemnification of damages; ~ to perform discounting;
~y to present in set-off monetary claims; ~ to make a set-off; ~a by means of set-off.
crediting; ~ crediting monetary means to the bank account.

/
defence; protection; safeguard; security; ~ copyright protection; ~ protection of depositors; ~
protection of the market against imports; ~ defence of state interests; ~
protection of civil rights; ~ protection of business reputation; ~ protection of human
life and health; ~ protection of lawful interests; ~ defence of property interests; ~
protection of intellectual property; ~ consumer protection; ~
capital investment protection; ~ protection of the foundations of the constitutional
system; ~ protection of home industries; ~ consumer protection; ~
protection of property; ~ defence of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of a
country; ~ protection of honour and dignity; ~ diplomatic protection; ~ good faith
defence; ~ international protection of human rights; ~ legal protection; ~ social
protection; ~ judicial protection; ~ legal defence; ~ to take under one's protection;
~ to lead for the defence in the court; ~ to advocate/to stand in defence; ~ to seek protection;
~ to maintain the defence in the court; ~ to serve one's own counsel;
~ to prepare the defence; ~ to support the defence; ~ to remedy;
~ to raise the defence; ~ agencies of social defence of the population; ~e
refusal of protection of a right; ~y right to defence; ~ witness for the defence; ~ relief at law.
defender; protector, advocate; counsel for the defence; ~ consumer rights campaigner; ~ defender
of the accused; ~ public defender; ~a to serve one's own counsel.
71
to defend; to protect; to advocate; ~ to protect democratic liberties; ~ to protect

the rights and freedoms of citizens.
to defend oneself; to protect oneself; ~ to defend a case.
defended; protected; ~ actionable/enforceable.

/
applicant; declarant; claimant; bidder, tenderer; ~ applicant of an invention; ~ applicant of a trademark;
~ single applicant; ~ joint applicants; ~ applicant's attorney.
/
application, request; claim; bid, tender; order; ~ request for credit; ~ loan application; ~
application for a grant; ~ application for the registration of a company; ~
application for participation in tenders; ~ application on file; ~ competitive tender; ~
application for a patent; ~y to make an application; ~y to fill in an application; ~y to receive an application;
~y to receive an application; ~y to consider an application; ~ application form; ~
drawing up of an application; ~ submission of an application.
/
1. () application; 2. () statement; 3. () declaration; ~ written declaration; ~ press
release; ~ notice of appeal; ~ resignation; ~ notice of of losses; ~ notification of a claim; ~
insurance claim; ~o petition for dissolution; ~ declaration of intent; ~o
plea of nullity; ~o declaration of insolvency; ~ petition for bankruptcy; ~o
rollover announcement; ~ application for review of a case; ~ declaration of damage; ~
application for a job; ~ respondent's plea; ~ statement of claim; ~ motion of a party to a
dispute; ~ submitting claims by creditors; ~ statement of claim; ~ written application; ~ verbal
statement; ~ to issue a public statement; ~ to make a declaration/a statement; ~ to apply an application;
~ on the basis of a statement; ~ on the application of the parties.
to state, to assert, to proclaim, to claim; ( ) to plead; to declare, to announce; ~ to report to the police; ~
to protest insanity; ~ to plead not guilty; ~ to say in dissent; ~ to
challenge a judge; ~ to lay a claim; ~ to declare a protest.
/
rank; ~ academic rank; ~ to deprive of one's rank; ~ to award a rank.
/
building, construction; premises; ~ administrative building; ~ leased building; ~ apartment
house; ~ non-residential building; ~ building encumbered with rent; ~ lease of a building;
~ mortgage of a building.
landowner.
landownership.
72
/
land; ~ to lease land; ~ to draw land into business turnover; ~ to put
land in pledge; ~ to buy land; ~ to sell land; ~ to lease land.
atrocity; evil deed; misdeed; ~ to commit an atrocity.

/
malicious; ~ malicious agreement.
/
malign; malicious; ~oe fraudulent bankruptcy.
evil mind; malicious intent.
ill-minded person.
/
ill-intentioned; malicious; ~oe malicious damage.
abuse; misuse; misapplication; () embezzlement; malfeasance; ~ abuse of alcohol; ~ abuse of authority,

abuse of power;~ abuse of confidence, ~ abuse of credit; ~ monopoly abuse; ~
abuse of authority; ~ abuse of office/malfeasance in office; ~ judicial abuse;
~ financial irregularities.
to abuse, to misuse; ~ to misuse alcohol; ~ to abuse authority; ~ to abuse confidence; ~

to abuse one's office.
mark; sign; token; () brand name; ~ guarantee mark; ~ quality mark; ~ bank notes;
~ unregistered mark; ~ trademark/brand name of a product; ~ trademark/brand name;
~ mark of a firm/trademark; ~ax trademark law; ~ protection of trademarks;
~a registration of a trademark.
sister-in-law.
area; zone; region; ~ security zone; ~ zone of free enterprise; ~

free trade area; ~ zone of economic preferences; ~ nuclear-free zone;
~ duty-free area; ~ currency zone; ~ demilitarized zone; ~ exclusive
zone/restricted area; ~ prohibited zone; ~ special economic zone; ~ offshore zone;
~ frontier zone; ~ fishing zone; ~ unbonded area; ~ free
economic zone; ~ customs area; ~ economic area.
maturity.
73
1. ( ) son-in-law; 2. ( ) brother-in-law.
game; speculation; gambling; jobbing; ~ stock-exchange speculation; ~ speculation for a rise/bull speculation; ~
speculation for a fall/bear speculation; ~ gamble.
to play; ~ to speculate on the stock-exchange; ~ to bull/to operate for a rise; ~ to bear/to

operate for a decline.
1. ( ) gambler; 2. ( ) speculator; stock-exchange operator; ~ bull/speculator for a rise; ~

bear/speculator for a decline.
identification; ~ visual identification.
dependant.
/
dependence; ~ to be dependent/to live in dependence.
/
elector, voter; constituent; ~ electoral support; ~ electoral register; ~ to enter in the voting
list; ~ to compile an electoral register.
/
elective; electoral; ~ electoral campaign; ~ election commission; ~ electoral system; ~oe
electoral right; ~ ballot; ~ electoral law; ~ the electorate/electoral district; ~ polling station; ~
electoral qualification; , ~oe universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret
ballot; ~oe limited suffrage; ~ to disfranchise; ~ to enfranchise;
~ disfranchisement; ~ enfranchisement.
to vote; to choose; to elect; ~ to elect on a widely representative basis; ~

to elect by secret ballot; ~ right to vote and to be elected.
/
election; ~ election of governing bodies; ~ to be eligible for election.
to notify; to advise.
/
advice; notification; notice; ~ bank's advice; ~ notification of acceptance; ~ notice of appeal; ~
notice of an auction; ~ notification of performance of an obligation; ~ notice
of application to the court; ~ advice of shipment; ~ notice of revocation of acceptance; ~
74
notice of revocation of an offer; ~ notification of refusal to accept; ~ advice of dispatch;

~ () notice of delivery; ~ () notice of grant; ~ letter of dismissory;
~ notification of non-payment of a cheque; ~ notification of change in the place of
residence; ~ notification of payment; ~ notification of delivery; ~ notice of prepayment; ~
notice of claim; ~ () arrival notice; ~ notice of suspension of payment; ~
() notice of filing; ~ summons; ~ advice of collection; ~
formal notice; ~ written notification; ~ service of process; ~ to serve a notice; ~ to
receive a notification; ~ to send a notification; ~ service of a notice.
apology; excuse; ~ public apology; ~ to offer apologies.
to excuse oneself (for); to apologize.
1. withdrawal; extract; 2. () gaining; deriving; ~ gaining profits.

AT
to misinterpret; to distort; to wrest; ~ to distort the facts.
1. perversion; 2. () distortion; misinterpretation; ~ sexual perversion.
perverse; perverted.
( ) banishment; expulsion; () deportation; () exile.
to manufacture; to produce.
producer, manufacturer; maker; ~ large manufacturer.
1. () to issue; to publish; 2. () to promulgate; ~ to issue a law.
1. () publication; publishing; 2. edition; 3. () issue; promulgation; ~ illegal matter;

~ revised and corrected edition; ~ periodical; ~ printed matter.
mockery; scoffing; insult.
to mock; to scoff.
product, manufacture, article; item; ~ rejected product; ~ defective product; ~ substandard

product; ~ proprietary article.
75
/
expenses, costs, charges; disbursement; expenditures; ~, costs caused by work stoppage; ~
additional expenditures; ~ estimated costs; ~ standard costs; ~ marginal costs;
~ production costs; ~ judicial costs/legal expenses; ~ current costs; ~ costs of
transportation; ~ finance charges/finance burden; ~ to recover costs; ~ to recoup costs; ~ to
bear costs; ~ to award costs; ~ to reduce costs; ~ compensation for costs.
/
surplus, excess; ~ surplus of currency; ~ overweight; ~ cash surplus; ~ surplus of
goods; ~ to accumulate surpluses.
precis; synopsis; statement; ~ statement of facts; ~ statement of the cause of action.

/
betrayal; treason; ~ high treason; ~ breach of faith; ~ to charge with high
treason; ~ on impeachment for high treason.
/
change, alteration, modification; amending; transformation; ~ change in the exchange rate; ~
social change; ~ amendment of a contract; ~ change of the legislation; ~ change of a
measure of restraint; ~ change of residence; ~ procedure for amendment of a contract; ~
to introduce alterations/amendments; ~ to amend and supplement the law; ~ to be subject
to change.
betrayer; traitor.
1. () to change; to alter; to modify; ( ) to amend; 2. () to betray.
invention; fabrication.
to fabricate; to invent.
rape; violence.
to rape.
wear; wear and tear; depreciation; ~ natural wear; ~ service wear.
1. () to expose; to uncover; 2. () to accuse, to blame.
exposure.
76
inventor; ~ individual inventor; ~ joint inventor; ~ domestic inventor. to

devise; to invent.
invention.
isolation ward; solitary confinement cell; ~ investigatory isolation ward; ~ penal isolation ward.
use, consumption; utilization.
maim; mayhem.
to maim; to mayhem; to mutilate.
defect; flaw.
1. () confiscation, impoundment; seizure; 2. ( ) redemption, retirement, withdrawal; 3. ( )

exemption; 4. () exception; deletion; ~ withdrawal of bank notes; ~ withdrawal of a deposit; ~
withdrawal from circulation; ~ seizure of
insured property by order of a state agency; ~ taking of a land plot; ~ exemption from
legislation; ~ withdrawal from use; ~ confiscation of property; ~ withdrawal of capital; ~
seizure of contraband; ~ withdrawal/revocation of a licence; ~ exclusion of
illegally obtained evidence; ~ withdrawal of profits; ~ confiscation of property; ~ confiscation of the
goods; ~ withdrawal of funds; ~ unlawful taking; ~ compulsory taking; ~ unlawful
taking.
to confiscate; to seize; to impound; ( ) to exempt; ~ to recall/to withdraw money from circulation; ~

to suppress a document; ~ to exempt from jurisdiction; ~ to confiscate property; ~
to exclude illegally obtained evidence.
mentally defective.
estate; tenement; holding; ~ life estate; ~ estate in a fee

simple; ~ estate in a fee tail.
immigrant.
/
immigration; ~ immigration quota; ~ immigration law.
/
immigration; ~ to restrict immigration; ~ illegal immigration.
77
immunity; exemption; ~ immunity of assets; ~ immunity of the state and its property; ~
administrative immunity; ~ exemption from punishment; ~
exemption from criminal liability; ~ immunity from jurisdiction; ~ legal exemption;
~ immunity from suit; ~ diplomatic immunity; ~ consular immunity; ~ personal
immunity; ~ immunity from taxes; ~ parliamentary immunity; ~ fiscal immunity;
~ to misuse immunity; ~ to enjoy immunity; ~a to renounce immunity; ~
to grant immunity; ~a withdrawal of immunity; ~ right to immunity.
impeachment; ~ presidential impeachment; ~ parliamentary impeachment.

import.
to import.
/
property; ~ property responsibility; ~ property status; ~e property relations; ~
property rights; ~ property disputes; ~ property interest; ~ property lease; ~ property damage;
~ insurance of property interests; ~ taking into consideration the property status.
/
assets; property; tenement; ~ property of a joint-stock company; ~ debtor's property; ~,
property attached to an organization; ~, confiscated debtor's property; ~,
property acquired during marriage; ~, tail female; ~,
tail male; ~, trust property; ~,
property in share ownership; ~, property in joint ownership; ~, disputed
property; ~ bankrupt's estate; ~, servient tenement; ~,
succession; ~ property of spouses; ~ corporate property; ~ leased property;
~ property under arrest; ~ bankrupt's property; ~ vacant succession; ~ state
property; ~ movable property/movables; ~ property lodged with a bank; ~ pledged
property; ~ insured property; ~ state property; ~ contraband property; ~,
property taken to the state; ~ personal property; ~ municipal property; ~ immovable
property/real assets; ~ common property; ~ contested property; ~ stolen property;
~ to levy execution; ~ to withhold property; ~ to administer property; ~
deed of settlement; ~ arrest of property; ~a burden of maintaining property; ~a purchase
of property by the state; ~a loss of property; ~ trust management of property; ~
confiscation of property; ~ execution upon property; ~ burdening of property with a
pledge; ~ inventory of property; ~ alienation of property; ~ transfer of
property into trust management; ~ damage to property; ~ use of property;
~ privatization of state property; ~ acquirer of property; ~ acquisition of property;
~ appropriation of property; ~ sale of property; ~ division of property; ~ size of
property; ~ disposition of property; ~ lease of property; ~
78
uncompensated use of property; ~ pledge of property; ~ renting of property; ~ value of

property; ~ loss of property.
/
name; ~ false name; ~ full name; ~ to act on behalf of; ~ to

act in one's own name; - ~ to address (to); ~ to give a name; ~ change of name;
~ under the name; ~ on behalf of/in the name of.
dissent; dissidence.
dissenter; dissident.
cripple; disabled person; invalid; ~ war cripple; ~ disabled worker.
disability.
/
inventory, stocktaking; ~ inventory of state property; ~ land inventory; ~ inventory
of property; ~ complete inventory; ~ rules for inventory.
to invest.
/
investments, capital outlay, capital expenditures; ~ residential investment; ~ investment in
equipment; ~ fixed investment; ~ industrial investment; ~ agricultural
investment; ~ economic investment; ~ budgetary investment; ~ state investment;
~ long-range investments; ~ foreign investments; ~ short-term investment; ~ direct
investment; ~ private investments.
investor; ~ foreign investor; ~ large investor; ~ to attract investors.

/
indexation, index-linking; ~ income indexation; ~ backward indexation of wages; ~
indexation of wages; ~ tax indexation; ~ indexation of pensions; ~ price indexation.
endorsement; ~ endorsement to the bearer; ~ accommodation endorsement; ~ blank

endorsement; ~ endorsement of a bill; ~ special endorsement; ~ endorsement for collection;
~ limited endorsement; ~ order endorsement; ~ endorsement in full; ~ conditional
endorsement; ~a invalidity of an endorsement.
endorser.
transferee.
79
to endorse; ~ to endorse a bill.

/
initiative; ~ initiation of laws; ~ peaceful initiative; ~ to initiate a law;
~y to initiate; ~e on one's own initiative.
collection, encashment; ~ bill collection; ~ collection of debts; ~ collection of insurance premiums.
to collect, to encash.
/
innovation; ~ implement innovations.
collection of payments; encashment; ~ collection charges; ~ to pay for collection; ~ to

send documents for collection; ~ to present for collection.
to incriminate; ~ to incriminate a crime.

/
alien; foreigner; ~, alien visitor; ~, legal alien; ~,
illegal alien; ~ alien born; ~ denizen/naturalized
alien; ~ to naturalize an alien.
/
alien; foreign; ~ foreign currency.
insinuation.
/E
inspection; ~ government inspection; ~ lawful inspection; ~ financial inspection; ~
to carry out an inspection; ~ object of inspection; ~ order of inspection; ~ terms of inspection.
inspector; ~ traffic policeman; ~ chief inspector; ~ assessor; ~ health officer;

~ insurance inspector; ~ customs examiner.
/
1. () inspection; 2. () inspectorate, inspection board; ~ state inspection; ~ tax inspectorate;
~ sanitary inspection; ~ customs inspection; ~ trade inspection; ~ financial inspection;
~ to set up an independent inspectorate; ~ inspection report.
/
instance; authority; ~ court of appeal; ~ court of last resort; ~ first instance; ~ final
instance; ~ degree of jurisdiction; ~ to refer a case to a higher authority; ~
higher court; ~ lower court; ~ court of the first instance; ~ court of the last resort;
~ at the highest level; ~ at a lower level.
80
institute; institution; ~ institution of bankruptcy; - ~ legal institution; - ~

pecuniary institution; ~ legal institution; ~ law institute.
/
description, directive; order; instructions, regulations, directions; ~ operating instructions; ~
internal instructions; ~ standing instruction; ~ duty regulations; ~ office circular; ~
customs regulations; ~ to direct; ~ to act in accordance with instructions; ~ to follow instructions.
integration; ~ regional integration; ~ economic integration.

/
intellectual; ~ intellectual activity; ~ intellectual property; ~ intellectual labour.
intervention; ~ currency intervention; ~ armed intervention; ~ market intervention.
interest; ~ interests of a legal person; ~ departmental interests; ~ mutual interest;

~ public interests; ~ property interests; ~ commercial interests; ~
selfish interest; ~ social interests; ~ interests protected by a law; ~ insurable interest;
~ economic interests; - ~ to express smb's interests; - ~ to affect smb's
interests; - ~ to defend smb's interests; - ~ to accord with smb's interests; ~ to betray smb's interests; - ~ to represent smb's interests; - ~ to run
counter to smb's interests; - ~ to consider smb's interests; - ~ to infringe upon smb's interests;
~ defence of interests; ~ax for private gain.
interned.
to intern.
to interpellate.
interpellation.
interpolation.
intoxication.
/
inflation; ~ paper money inflation; ~, demand inflation; ~ uncontrolled
inflation; ~ credit inflation; ~ runaway inflation; ~ creeping inflation; ~ hidden/latent
inflation; ~ chronic inflation; ~ to contain inflation.
81
/
information; ~ internal information; ~ credit information; ~
information on the state of funds on the account; ~ information on the goods; ~,
information constituting a service or commercial secret; ~ business information; o ~
additional information; ~ reliable information; ~ secret information; ~ confidential
information; ~ false information; ~ unreliable information; ~ information relevant to the
case; ~ official information; ~ useful information; ~ classified information; ~ technical
information; ~ valuable information; ~ legal information; ~e to exchange information; ~
to obtain information; ~ to provide information; ~ distortion of information; ~
collection and dissemination of information.
to inform.
incident.
/
mortgage; hypothecation; ~ mortgage of a building; ~ mortgage of a land plot; ~ mortgage of
an enterprise; ~e contract of mortgage; ~e statute on mortgage; ~y to establish
mortgage on property.
claim, action, lawsuit, suit; civil complaint; plea; ~ libel action; ~ action for assault and battery; ~
action in tort; ~ action in contract; ~ insurance claim; ~
suit for satisfaction of claims; ~ payment claim; ~ suit for the
establishment of a servitude; ~ debt claim; ~ lawsuit for the return of property; ~
claim for damages; ~ claim for prohibition of actions; ~
action against violation of legislation; ~ default claim; ~
action for annulment; ~ action for declaration of rights; ~ suit on the
declaration a transaction invalid; ~ claim on a bill; ~ property suit; ~ counter-claim; ~ civil
action; ~ claim of ownership; ~ legal action; ~a to contest a claim; ~ to
establish a claim; ~y to defend a suit; ~e to deny a case; ~a to give up an action/a claim/a suit;
~ ( ) to hold an action; ~ to counterclaim; ~ ~y to sue and to
be sued; ~ to lose a suit; ~ to accept a claim; ~a plea in bar; ~y
prescription for a suit; ~e refusal of a suit, rejection of a petition; ~y under legal proceedings.
to distort; to misrepresent; to wrench.

A
to except; to exclude; ( ) to delete; ( ) to expel; ~ to strike off the list; ~ to expel
from the university.
/
exemption, exclusion; deletion, elimination; ~ deprivation of citizenship; ~ exclusion from an
organisation; ~ without exception; ~ as an exception.
82
/
exceptional; exclusive; - ~ exclusive sales agreement;~ exclusive licence; ~
exclusive jurisdiction; ~oe exclusive possession; ~oe exclusive right; ~oe exclusive
ownership.
/
actionable; ~ limitation of action/period of limitation; ~oe bill/complaint; ~oe civil obligation; ~oe
adversary proceedings.
/
execution, fulfilment, performance, implementation; discharge; satisfaction; administration; ~ administration of a budget; ~
execution of a contract; ~ execution of an order; ~ observance of laws; ~ execution of a contract;~
fulfilment of obligations; ~ performance of an obligation in parts; ~ execution of a plan; ~
execution of an order; ~ performance on commercial paper and securities; ~ execution of a
decision; ~ fulfilment in good faith of one's obligations under international law; ~
fulfilment of official obligations; ~ execution of a judicial decision; ~ fulfilment of
instructions; ~ early performance; ~ proper execution; ~ improper execution; ~ part
performance; ~ to return to one's duties; ~ to carry out/to execute;
~ to execute a law; ~ to execute a court order; ~ to execute a
judgement; ~ to enter upon one's duties; ~ delay in performance; ~
impossibility of execution of an obligation; ~ exemption from performance of obligations;
~ refusal to perform an obligation; ~ postponement of performance of an obligation;
~ termination of obligations; ~ in the fulfilment of; ~ in discharge of
duties.
performer, executor; ~ testamentary executor; ~ direct performer; ~ officer of justice/lawenforcement officer.

/
executive; ~ executive authority; ~ endorsement of execution/execution notation; ~ execution of
judgement/court enforcement action; ~ executive committee; ~ writ of execution; ~ executive board.
to perform; to carry out; to execute; to fulfil; to implement; to enforce; to administer; ~ to perform a contract; ~ to
execute an order; ~ to enforce a court order; ~ to carry out one's duties.
/
application; use, utilization; ~ use for self-serving reasons;~ use of business reputation; ~
application of funds; ~ use of a land plot; ~
use of foreign currency for settling accounts; ~ use for other than specified purpose; ~
use for the specified purpose; ~ jobbery; ~ lawful use; ~ personal application;
~ improper use; ~ wrongful use; ~ criminal use; ~ joint use; ~ special
purpose application; ~ partial use; ~ exclusive right to the use.
83
-/
correctional labour; ~oe correctional labour institution; ~oe correctional labour legislation; ~
correctional labour code.
/
disciplinary; correctional; corrective; ~ penitentiary system; ~oe correctional institution.
/
correction; adjustment; rectification; amendment; improvement; ~ correction of a defect; ~ correction of
shortcomings; ~ rectification of mistakes; ~ to introduce amendments.
to amend; to correct; to rectify; to amend; to improve; ~ to rectify a mistake.

/
order, repair, soundness; ~ soundness of property; ~ to be in good repair.
/
test; testing; trial; () probation; ~ certification tests; ~ state testing;
~ performance tests; ~ to place on probation; ~ to carry out tests; ~ ( ) to
pass the probation.
probationary; ~ probation period.

/
examination, study; investigation, research; ~ market investigation; ~ comprehensive research;
~ sampling; ~ laboratory research; ~ scientific research; ~ fundamental
research; ~ to carry out investigations; ~ conduct of research.
/
plaintiff, claimant; complainant; suitor; demandant; ~ civil claimant; ~ to be a plaintiff in court;
~ to sue; ~ to represent the plaintiff.
/
( ) expiry, expiration; lapse (of time); termination; ~ expiry of a guarantee period; ~
expiration of the term of validity of a licence; ~ lapse of time; ~ expiration of a contract; ~
expiration of the period of limitation; ~ expiration of the term of office.
/
truth; ~y to distort the truth; ~y to establish the truth.
source; ~ source of income; ~ source of accumulation; ~ source of increased danger; ~

source of financing; ~ illegitimate source.
annihilation; extermination; destruction.
to annihilate; to exterminate; to destroy.
demand; vindication; rclaim; evocation; ~ vindication of property from the unlawful possession; ~
bill enforcement.
84
to demand; to reclaim; to evoke.
torture.
to disappear; to vanish.
/
calculation, assessment, estimation; ~ calculation of a guarantee period; ~ calculation of a tax; ~
calculation of interest; ~ assessment of a claim; ~ procedure for tax calculation.
result; ~ results of negotiations; ~ to summarize; ~e as a result.
study; office; () the Cabinet; ~ Cabinet of Ministers; ~ Shadow Cabinet.
cadastre, register; ~ land cadastre.

/
personnel, staff; cadres; ~ highly-qualified personnel; ~ scientific personnel; ~
managerial personnel; ~ personnel department; ~ training of personnel; ~ staff turnover.
/
treasury; ~ state treasury; ~ federal treasury; ~ at the expense of the treasury.
treasurer.
exchequer; treasury; treasurer's office; ~ federal treasury.
to execute.
/
execution; ~ capital punishment/death penalty; ~ to abolish a death penalty; ~
to condemn to death.
casus; fortuitous event.
calculation; costing; ~ calculation of costs; ~ pricing, price calculation.
chamber; () cell; ward; ~ detention cell; ~ ( ) chamber of

summary procedure; ~ check-room/storage locker.
85
channel; ~ sales channels; ~ supply channels; ~ official channels.
candidate, nominee; ~ candidate for governor; ~ candidate for the presidency; ~

independent candidate; ~ to nominate a candidate; ~ to register candidates; ~ nomination
of candidates; ~ right to challenge a candidate.
/
candidature, candidacy; candidate, nominee; ~ candidate for the position of
chairman of the Constitutional Court; ~ candidacy for the position of a judge; ~ proposed candidacy;
~y to put up a candidate; ~y to nominate oneself for election; ~y to reject a
candidate; ~y to support candidacy.
/
chancery; chancellery; ~ diplomatic chancery; ~ registry of the
International Court of Justice; ~ office of the clerk.
capital, assets; equity; funds; stock; ~ share capital; ~ banking capital; ~ monetary capital;
~ borrowed capital; ~ legal capital; ~ frozen capital; ~ reserve capital; ~
invested capital; ~ foreign capital; ~ liquid capital; ~ idle capital; ~ monopoly capital;
~ accumulated capital; ~ available capital; ~ start-up capital; ~ revolving capital;
~ fixed (capital) assets; ~ share capital; ~ original capital; ~ outside funds;
~ industrial capital; ~ real assets; ~ usury capital; ~ aggregate capital;
~ speculative capital; ~ loan capital; ~ commodity capital; ~ trading capital; ~
registered capital; ~ fictitious capital; ~ private capital; ~ to withdraw capital; ~ to invest
capital; ~ to accumulate capital; ~a concentration of capital; ~a inflow of capital; ~a amount
of capital.
capitalization; ~ debt capitalization; ~ capitalization of payments; ~ capitalization of earnings; ~

market capitalization.
investment, outlay; ~ public investment; ~ foreign investments; ~ tax-free

investment; ~ remunerative investment; ~ direct investment; ~ overall investment; ~ to
attract investment.
/
capitulation; surrender; ~ unconditional capitulation; ~ instrument of surrender.
punishment; penalty; retribution.
quarantine; ~ to raise a quarantine.

/
penal; punitive; ~ retaliation tariff.
86
to punish, to retribute.
isolation ward; lock-up.
cash office, cash department; ( ) cash; ~ savings bank.

/
cassation, cassational; ~ appeal; ~ cassational protest/prosecutor's appeal; ~ cassation court/court of cassation.
/
appeal, cassation; ~ to dismiss an appeal; ~ to enter an appeal; ~ to consider an appeal;
~ to allow a cassation; ~ dismissal of an appeal; ~ submission of an appeal.
to appeal; to annul; to cancel; to revoke; ~ to annul a judgement.

/
catastrophe; crash; wreck; ~y to meet with a fatal accident.
/
qualification; ~ high qualification; ~ to improve one's skills.
H
qualified; skilled.
lodger; tenant.
receipt; ticket; ~ baggage ticket; ~ goods receipt; ~ warehouse receipt.
quorum; ~ to reach a quorum; ~ to constitute a quorum; ~a lack of a quorum.

/A
quota; ~ immigration quota; ~ import quota; ~ export quota; ~y to fix/to set a
quota.
calumny; defamation.
to calumniate; to defame.
calumniator.
calumniatory; calumnious; defamatory.
client; customer.
cover note; ~ to give a cover note.

87
code; ~ code of labour laws/labour code; ~ code of administrative violations;

~ civil code; ~ code of civil procedure; ~ code of discipline/disciplinary
code; ~ customs code; - ~ code of criminal procedure; ~ criminal code.
codification.
codicil.
collegial; collegiate; ~ collegiate court.
jury, military jury ~;

board; collegium; college; ~ the Bar; ~ court chamber/judicial assembly.
collective; ~ labour collective.

/
collective; ~ collective security; ~ collective agreement.
/
conflict; ~ conflict rule; ~ conflict of laws.
conflict; collision; ~ conflict of interests; ~ conflict of laws; ~ conflict of claims; ~

trademark conflict; ~ jurisdictional conflict.
colony; ~ colony with a general regime; ~ colony with a special regime; ~ colony with
a strict regime; - ~ correctional labour colony.
commandant's; ~ curfew; ~ to introduce a curfew.
commission agent; broker.

/
commission; ~oe commission fee/commission remuneration; ~ commission delegated task/commission
authorization; ~ commission.
/ I
() commission, committee; ~ labour protection commission; ~ human rights commission; ~
disarmament commission; ~ commission of inquiry; ~ labour disputes
commission; ~ arbitration commission; ~ certifying commission; ~ banker's commission;
~ stock exchange arbitration commission; ~ budget commission; ~ interim commission;
~ state commission; ~ legislative commission; ~ purchasing commission; ~
competition commission; ~ consultative commission; ~ control commission; ~ conflict of
interests committee; ~ liquidation commission; ~ credentials committee; ~ international
88
commission; ~ intergovernmental commission; ~ supervisory committee; ~

parliamentary committee; ~ preparatory commission; ~ mediation committee; ~
permanent commission; ~ government commission; ~ auditing committee; ~ drafting
committee; ~ investigating committee; ~ mixed commission; ~ conciliation commission;
~ counting commission; ~ commission of experts; ~ to be included in a commission;
~ to sit on a commission; ~ to appoint a commission; ~ to establish a commission.
/ II
() commission; fee; ~ brokerage; ~ to take on commission; ~ to charge a commission;
~ contract of commission agency/commission agreement.
commission principal, consignor.
committee, commission; ~ peace committee; ~ budget committee; ~ human rights

committee; ~ credentials committee; ~ administrative committee; ~
antimonopoly committee; ~ arbitration committee; ~ budget committee; ~ state committee;
~ strike committee; ~ land committee; ~ executive committee; ~ advisory
committee; ~ coordinating committee; ~ tax commission; ~ joint committee;
~ organizing committee; ~ parliamentary committee; ~ preparatory committee;
~ government committee; ~ standing committee; ~ trade-union committee;
~ selection committee; ~ financial committee; ~ committee on legal questions;
~ to be included in a committee; ~ to dissolve a committee; ~ to set up a committee.
/
commercial; ~ franchise/commercial concession; ~ commercial organization; ~ commercial
subconcession/commercial subfranchise; ~ commercial secret; ~ commercial act; ~ commercial credit; ~
commercial intermediary; ~ commercial representative; ~ commercial representation.
commercial traveller; travelling agent.

/
communal; municipal; public. / company, firm, business; ~ inland carrier; ~
air carrier; ~ freight carrier; ~ cargo carrier; ~ railway
company; ~ purchasing company; ~- vendor company; ~ limited liability
company; ~ joint liability company; ~- parent company; ~ air carrier;
~ motor carrier; ~ joint-stock company; ~ leased company; - ~ leasing
company; ~ associated company; ~ public company; ~ subsidiary company;
~ investment company; ~ foreign company; ~ leasing company; ~ parent
company; ~ multinational company; ~ monopoly company; ~
nationalized company; ~ illegal company; ~ unregistered company; ~ privatized
company; ~ insurance company; ~ building company; ~ transport company; ~ forwarding company; ~ bogus company; ~ holding company; ~ private company;
~ to register company; ~ to found/to establish a company; ~ set up a company.
89
associate; partner.
/
compensation, reimbursement, indemnification; refund; recompense; ~ compensation for unused leave; ~
compensation for expenditures; ~ compensation for material and moral
damages; ~ damages; ~ monetary compensation; ~ legal compensation; ~ to pay
compensation; ~ to determine the form and amount of compensation; ~ amount of compensation.
to compensate; to indemnify; to reimburse; to recompense.

/
competence; authority, jurisdiction; ~ competence of arbitration; ~ appellate jurisdiction;
~ original jurisdiction; ~ competence of executive bodies; ~
competence of the general shareholders' meeting; ~ competence of the governing bodies; ~
parliamentary power; ~ competence of the company's board of directors; ~ competence of
court/court jurisdiction; ~ competence of the founding meeting; ~ domestic
jurisdiction of a state; ~ exclusive competence; ~ to come within the competence/jurisdiction;
~ to challenge the competence; ~ limits of competence; ~ with competence; ~ within the limits of
one's competence.
competent; authoritative.
complex; ~ package of services; ~ agro-industrial complex; - ~ military-industrial

complex; ~ property complex.
to compromise.
compromise; ~a to arrive at a compromise.
convention; ~ double taxation convention; ~ Council of Europe

Convention on Money Laundering; ~ European Convention on Human Rights; ~ customs
convention/convention on tariffs.
conversion; ~ conversion of public loans; ~ conversion of debts; ~ industrial

conversion. conversion; ~ currency conversion; ~ forced conversion.
to convoy.
convoy; guard.
ngress; ~ international congress.

90
condominium.
constructive; implied; ~ implied contract.
concordat.
competitor; rival; ~ major competitor; ~ unfair competitor; ~ potential/would-be competitor;

~ to undercut competitors.
competitive; ~ competitive list.

/
competitiveness, competitive capacity, competitive ability; competitive power; ~ competitiveness in the world market;
~ level of competitiveness.
/
competitive; ~ competitive trade.
/
competition; rivalry; ~ active competition; ~ fair competition; ~ severe competition;
~ unfair competition; ~ cut-throat competition; ~ animated competition; ~ open
competition; ~ keen competition; ~ market competition; ~ free competition; ~ latent competition;
~ commercial competition; ~ price competition; ~ to enter a competition; ~ to sustain a
competition; ~ restriction of competition.
to compete.
competition, contest; tender; ~ competition for the placement of an order; ~ construction

tender; ~ investment tender; ~ commercial tender; ~ privatization competition;
~ public competition; ~ to win a competition; ~ to select by competition; ~ to cancel a
competition; ~ to place an order by competition; ~a competition commission; ~ organizer
of a competition; ~ refusal to hold a tender; ~ winner of a competition; ~ conduct
(holding) of a competition; ~ conditions of the conduct of a competition; ~ on the results of a
competition.
/
( ) bankrupt's; ~ bankrupt's assets/bankrupt's estate; ~ bankruptcy proceedings; ~
bankruptcy administration/commission in bankruptcy; ~ bankruptcy claims administrator.
bill of lading; ~ bearer bill of lading; ~ inward bill of lading; ~

outward bill of lading; ~ blank endorsed bill of lading; ~ claused bill of lading; ~ option
bill of lading; ~ board bill of lading; ~ insured bill of lading; ~ straight bill of lading; ~ ocean
bill of lading; ~ negotiable bill of lading; ~ order bill of lading; ~ through bill of lading; ~ ship's
91
bill of lading; ~ waybill/consignment note; ~ charter bill of lading; ~ to issue a bill of lading;
~ to negotiate a bill of lading; ~ holder of a bill of lading.
consignor.
consignee.
consignation; consignment.
consolidation; ~ consolidation of debts; ~ consolidation of loans.
consortium; syndicate; ~ consortium of banks; ~ international consortium; ~ finance syndicate.
constitutionality; ~ constitutional basis of acts; ~ constitutionality of a law; ~ to examine the

constitutionality of a law.
/
constitutional; ~ constitutional procedure; ~ constitutional form of government; ~oe
constitutional law; ~ constitutional guarantees; ~ constitutional authority; ~ constitutional rights;
~ constitutional freedoms; ~ constitutional court; ~ Chairman of the Constitutional Court.
/
constitution; ~ Constitution of the Russian Federation; ~ to act within the framework of
the constitution; ~ to abrogate/to annul the constitution; ~ to adopt the constitution;
~ to suspend the constitution; ~ to contradict the constitution; ~ to observe the constitution;
~ according to the constitution.
consul; ~ consul-general; ~ career consul.

/
consular; ~ consular bag; ~ consular convention; ~ consular service; ~ consular
jurisdiction; ~ consular privileges; ~ consular fees; ~ consular immunity; ~ consular corps; ~
consular court; ~oe consular law; ~oe consular mission; ~oe consular certificate; ~oe
consular office.
/
consulate; ~ consulate general; ~ to open a consulate; ~ to establish a consulate.
consultant, adviser; ~ -c marriage counselor; ~ taxation consultant; ~

management consultant; ~ - engineering consultant; ~
business consultant; ~ financial consultant; ~ legal adviser consultant;
~ investment consultant.
/
consultative, advisory; ~e consultative services; ~ consultative; ~oe to provide advisory opinion.
92
/
1. ( ) advice; 2. (, ) consultation, advising; 3. () consultation office; ~
comprehensive advice; ~ qualified advice; ~ legal consultation; ~ to give advice;
~ to consult the law; ~ to hold consultations.
to advise; ~ to advise on legal matters.
to consult; ~ to consult a lawyer.
contingent, quota; ~ foreign exchange quota; ~ quota of imports; ~ quota of exports.
quantitative restriction; quantitative regulation; ~ quantitative regulation of imports; ~ quantitative regulation of

exports.
/
contraband; smuggling; ~ absolute contraband; ~ contraband of war; ~ to run contraband;
~ to confiscate contraband.
smuggler.
counterparty, contracting party; contractor; counteragent.
contract, agreement; ~ - sale-and-purchase contract; ~

contract for the performance of contractual work for state needs; ~ contract for services; ~
hire-purchase agreement; ~ contract for supply; ~ construction contract; ~
marriage contract; ~ foreign trade contract; ~ foreign economic contract; ~ profitable
contract; ~ executed contract; ~ state contract; ~ long-term contract; ~
short-term contract; ~ international contract; ~ void contract; ~ illegal contract;
~ voidable contract; ~ open contract; ~ construction contract; ~ government
contract; ~ framework contract; ~ futures contract; ~ trade agreement; ~ forward contract;
~ futures contract; ~ to annul/to cancel a contract; ~ to execute/to perform a contract;
~ to conclude a contract; ~ to violate a contract; ~ to revise a contract; ~ to sign a
contract.
/
contracting; ~ contracting agreement.
rebuttal evidence.
/
contribution; ~ to lay under contribution.
controller; inspector.
93
to control; to check.
/
control, check; inspection; ~ credit control; ~ control over the observation of
laws; ~ control over the implementation of a decision; ~ output control; ~
budget management; ~ control of disarmament; ~ spending control; ~
control over the adherence to the schedule; ~ control over the
adherence to times of completion; ~ control over construction; ~ - control
over financial and economic activities; ~ control over the course of work; ~ price control; ~
quality control; ~ administrative control; ~ budgetary control; ~ exchange control;
~ visa inspection; ~ outside control; ~ internal control; ~ intradepartmental
control; ~ random inspection; ~ government control; ~ effective control; ~ credit
control; ~ international control; ~ tax control; ~ immediate control; ~
monitoring; ~ public control; ~ on-line monitoring; ~ passport control; ~
universal control; ~ border control; ~ complete control; ~ government control;
~ manufacturing supervision; ~ sanitary control; ~ systematic control; ~ strict
control; ~ judicial review; ~ customs control; ~ technical control; ~ financial control;
~ to take under control; - ~ to get out of control; ~ to seize control over; ~ to
execute control; ~ inspection methods; ~ organs of control; ~ strengthening of supervision.
control; controlling; ~ controlling block of shares.

/
confidentiality; ~ confidentiality of information; ~ to guarantee confidentiality; ~ protection of
confidentiality.
H/
confidential; private; ~ confidential meeting; ~ confidential negotiations.
/
confiscation, expropriation; forfeiture; ( ) seizure; sequestration; ~ forfeiture of shares; ~
confiscation by administrative order; ~ confiscation of property/seizure of property; ~ seizure of
contraband; ~ seizure of goods; ~ to conduct confiscation; ~ seizure note.
to confiscate; to seize, to expropriate.
conflict; dispute; ~ conflict of interests; ~ armed conflict; ~ border conflict; ~

industrial dispute; ~ labour conflict; ~ ethnic conflict; ~ to lead to a conflict; ~ to settle a
conflict; ~a sharpening of a conflict; ~a escalation of a conflict.
confrontation.
concentration; ~ concentration of capital; ~ concentration of financial resources.

94
/
concession; ~ concession agreement; ~ obligations of the parties under a concession
agreement.
/
conjuncture; conditions; ~ market conditions/state of the market; ~ credit conditions; ~ international
situation; ~ general economic situation; ~ economic conditions; ~ to influence
the market; ~ marketing research.
cooperative; ~ garage cooperative; ~ vacation-home cooperative; - ~ housing-construction

cooperative; ~ consumer cooperative; ~ production cooperative; ~ to enter in a
cooperative; ~a to leave a cooperative.
cooperation; ~ consumer cooperation; ~ production cooperation.
copyhold estate.
copyhold tenant.
/
copy, duplicate; estreat; ~ true copy; ~ authenticated/certified copy; ~ notarized copy;
~ identical copy/replica; ~ to make a copy; ~ to certify a copy.
cordon; ~ sanitary cordon.
corridor; ~ currency corridor; () ~ green customs channel; ~ price limits.
breadwinner.
corporation; ~ stock corporation; ~ public corporation; ~ closed corporation; ~

international corporation; ~ multinational corporation; ~ non-profit corporation; ~
industrial corporation; ~ commercial corporation; ~ transnational corporation; ~
transportation corporation; ~ finance corporation.
/
corruption, corrupt practices; ~ official corruption; ~ anti-corrupt practices law.
/
mercenary; ~ to act for mercenary motives.
/
self-interest; avarice; ~ homicide for mercenary motives.
/
implicit; indirect; circumstantial; ~oe circumstantial evidence; ~ indirect tax.
95
quotation, quote; ~ quotation of shares; ~ price quotation; ~ exchange quotation; ~ marketing quotation.
theft; stealing; ( ) burglary; larceny; ~ personal larceny; ~ large-scale theft; ~

pickery/pilferage.
credit, loan; ~ unsecured credit; ~ sovereign credit; ~ credit on

landed property; ~ credit on mortgage of securities; ~ credit on mortgage; ~
acceptance credit; ~ bank credit; ~ irrevocable credit; ~ broker's credit; ~ budgetary
credit; ~ commercial paper credit; ~ government credit; ~ documentary credit;
~ long-term credit; ~ housing credit; ~ frozen credit; ~ mortgage credit, credit on
mortgage; ~ exhausted credit; ~ commercial credit; ~ current account credit;
~ short-term credit; ~ lombard credit; ~ preferential credit; ~ tax credit;
~ secured credit; ~ revocable credit; ~ open credit; ~ revolving credit; ~
tied credit; ~ medium-term credit; ~ stabilization credit; ~ technical credit; ~
goods credit; ~ financial credit; ~ directed credit; ~ export credit; ~ to raise a credit;
~e to refuse a credit; ~ to open a credit with a bank; ~ to buy on credit; ~ to obtain a credit;
~ to give a credit; ~ to sell on account; ~a on account of a credit.
/
credit; ~ credit application; ~ credit card; ~ credit organization; ~ credit control;
~ lending institution; ~ debt financing.
crediting, lending; ~ crediting of small private business; ~ preferential crediting.
creditor; lender; debtee; ~ bankrupt's creditor; ~, bill creditor; ~,

bond creditor; ~, creditor by endorsement; ~
mortgagee; ~ mortgagee/mortgage creditor; ~ submortgagee; ~
creditor on obligations; ~ preferential creditor; ~ general
creditor; ~ principal creditor; ~ creditor in bankruptcy; ~ joint creditor; ~
obligations to creditors; ~ settlements with creditors; ~ claims of creditors.
creditability; credit capacity.
solvent; sound.
crisis, depression; ~ crisis of confidence; ~ balance of payment crisis; ~ crisis of

overproduction; ~ bank crisis; ~ budgetary crisis; - ~ monetary and financial crisis;
~ deep crisis; ~ monetary crisis; ~ protracted crisis; ~ international crisis;
~ global financial crisis; ~ general crisis; ~ acute crisis; ~ food crisis; ~
96
industrial crisis; ~ crisis in raw materials; ~ fuel crisis; ~ financial crisis; ~ cyclical crisis;
~ economic crisis; ~ energy crisis.
criminalization; ~ criminalization of the economy.
criminalist.
criminalistics.
/
criminalistics; ~a criminalistics examination.
criminal.
/
blood; ~oe blood relation/consanguinity.
incest.
-
purchase and sale; contract of sale; sale; ~ sale of currency; ~ sale of immovable
property;~ sale of securities; - contract of purchase and sale.
bill of sale, deed of conveyance.
rate; price quotation; ~ share price; ~ rate of exchange; ~ gilt prices; ~

exchange rate; ~ pegged exchange rate; ~ rate of exchange; ~ official
exchange rate.
legalization; certification; ~ legalization of fraudulent gains; ~ legalization of a bank;

~ consular legalization.
devisee; legatary; legatee.
legislature; legislative body; ~ one-chamber legislature; ~ two-chamber legislature.
legalization; legitimation; legitimization.
legitimism.
97
false witness; perjurer.
perjurious.
/
false evidence; perjury; ~y subornation of perjury.
to perjure.
liberalization; ~ liberalization of trade; ~ price liberalization; ~ financial liberalization.
leasing; ~ leasing of movable property; ~ plant leasing; ~ financial leasing.
lessor.
lessee, leaseholder.
liquidator; receiver, referee; ~ receiver in bankruptcy; ~,

liquidator of the estate; ~ liquidator of a legal person; ~ official receiver in bankruptcy.
/
liquidation; ~ liquidation commission; ~ liquidation balance.
/
abolition; abrogation; annulment; cancellation; elimination; liquidation; nullification; repudiation; ~ elimination of an accident; ~
liquidation of a joint-stock company; ~ liquidation of an association; ~
liquidation by judicial procedure; ~ settlement of a debt; ~ liquidating arrears of wages; ~
liquidation of a company; ~ liquidation of a cooperative; ~ liquidation of a
limited liability company; ~ liquidation of an enterprise; ~ dissolution of a partnership; ~ liquidation of
a firm; ~ to go into liquidation; ~ procedure for liquidation.
to abolish; to eliminate; to liquidate; ~ to settle debts; ~ to settle an account.
liquidity; ~ liquidity of assets; ~ liquidity of shares; ~ bond liquidity; ~ liquidity of assets.
limit; ~ limit of capital investment; ~ line of credit; ~ limit of expenses; ~ price limit;
~ currency limit; ~ to exceed the limit; ~ to set a limit.
to limit,
list; writ; ~ mortgage bond; ~ writ of execution; ~ check list; ~ pay sheet;
~ packing list.
98
licensor; grantor of a license.
licensee, grantee of a license; ~ potential licensee.
licensing; ~ licensing of business activity; ~ import licensing; ~ - know-how licensing; ~ licensing

of a patent; ~ licensing of a trademark; ~ contractual licensing; ~ package licensing;
~ cross-licensing; ~ industrial licensing.
to license.
/
licence, permit; ~ import licence; ~ licence to engage in the respective activity; ~
operating licence; ~ - know-how licence; ~ licence for performing insurance;
~ licence under a patent; ~ selling licence; ~ manufacturing licence; ~
selling licence ~ trademark licence; ~ export licence; ~ bank licence; ~ currency
licence; ~ general licence; ~ valid licence; ~ contractual licence; ~ exclusive
licence; ~ package licence; ~ general licence; ~ limited licence; ~ package licence;
~ single licence; ~ free licence; ~ customs licence; ~ to suspend a licence; ~ to
grant a licence; ~ holder of a licence; ~ application for a licence; ~ termination of a
licence; ~ validity of a licence.
/
person, individual; official; party, participant; ~ person without citizenship/stateless person; ~
person of no definite occupation; ~, bribetaker; exactor; ~, loan debtor; ~
recognizee; ~, surrenderee; ~,
encumbrancer; ~, sojourner; ~, occupant; ~,
conspirator; ~, vouchee; ~, expellee; ~,
counsel for the defence; ~, prosecutor; ~, person who
has given a surety; ~, evader; ~, attorney-in-fact; ~,
eloigner; ~, court-committed inmate; ~,
drug trafficker; ~, subpurchaser; ~, person engaged in
prostitution; ~, person worthy of trust; ~, claimant/plaintiff; ~,
cheat; ~, malfeasant in office; ~, authorized person;
~, person who has violated a right; ~, adjudged bankrupt; ~,
outlaw; ~, wanted person; ~, relinquisher; ~,
ancestor; ~, money-launderer; ~, person working under a labour
contract; ~, malfeasant; ~, dependent; ~,
tax evader; ~ authorized person; ~ official/office holder; ~ interested
person; ~ registered person; ~ insured person; ~ disabled person;
~ unauthorized person; ~ official; ~ third person; ~ authorized person;
~ authorized person; ~ natural person; ~ private person; ~ legal person;
99
~ to act in one's individual capacity; ~a to act in one's private capacity;

~ to incorporate; ~e in the person of.
/
individual; person; () identity; ~ identity of the accused; ~ identity of the defendant;
~ inviolability of the person; ~ personal description; ~ personal identity;
~ mistaken identity; ~ legal identity; ~ shady character; ~ identification card;
~ establishment of smb's identity; ~ to establish the identity.
personal; private; individual; ~ personal life of citizens; ~ personal inviolability; ~

bodyguard; ~ private correspondence; ~ personal property; ~oe dossier/personal records; ~oe
personal insurance; ~ personnel/staff.
to deprive; ~ to dispossess of property; ~ to deprive of citizenship; ~ to deprive of electoral

rights; ~ to disinherit; ~ to deprive of a right; ~ to deprive of liberty.
deprivation; ~ deprivation of possession; ~ deprivation/forfeit of civil rights; ~ deprivation of

citizenship; ~ disqualification from driving; ~ disfranchisement; ~ disinheritance; ~
deprivation of rights; ~ expropriation; ~ denial of privileges; ~ deprivation of liberty.
lobby; ~ agrarian lobby; ~ banking lobby; ~ corporate lobby; ~ industrial lobby.
lobbying.
lobbyist.
logo, logotype; ~ company's type.

/
erroneous; false; ~ false oath; ~ false accusation; ~oe false evidence; ~ false
denunciation.
falsehood; lie.
lockout.
pawnshop, lombard; ~e pledge of things in a pawnshop; ~e storage in a pawnshop.
fidelity; loyalty.
100
/
benefit, privilege; () concession; () allowance; () preference; ~ fringe benefits;
~ contract benefits; ~ fringe benefits; ~ tax privileges; ~ customs privileges; ~
trade concessions; ~ to enjoy benefits; ~ to grant privileges; ~ to establish benefits.
/
preferential, favourable; privileged; ~ soft loan; ~ preferential tax treatment; ~ grace period; ~
preferential tariff; ~oe concessional financing; ~ favourable/preferential terms.
master; ~a Master's degree.
1. () magistrate; 2. () municipality.
magistrature.
broker, dealer; ~ stockbroker/market operator; ~ insurance broker; ~ ship broker; ~

merchandise broker.
juvenile; young; ~ juvenile delinquent.
low-paid, poorly-paid.
mandate; credentials; warrant; ~ mandate of a deputy; ~ electoral mandate; ~ to issue a

mandate; ~ to receive a mandate; ~ to present a mandate.
mandatary.
/
mandatory; ~ credentials committee.
manipulation; ~ currency manipulation; ~ manipulation of/tampering with financial accounts.
to manipulate; to tamper; ~ to manipulate public opinion.
marketing; ~ industrial marketing; ~ export marketing.
marking; ~ cargo marking; ~ price marking; ~ improper marking.
marauder; plunderer; pillager.

101
marauding, pillage, looting; plunder.
to maraud, to pillage, to loot; to plunder.
material; facts; matter; data; ~ appeal documents; ~ restricted matter;

~, mterials sent to the court; ~, - defamatory material; ~
case materials; ~ consumed material; ~ material on hand; ~ printed matter;
~ payment for materials; ~a a deposition.
mafia.
/
manipulation, machination; scheme; swindle; fraud; ~ speculation in shares; ~ currency frauds; ~
land fraud; ~ manipulation on the stock exchange; ~ tax fraud; ~ criminal dealing;
~ shady scheme; ~ financial fraud.
stepmother.
/
medical; ~ medical aid; ~oe medical report; ~oe medical certificate.
/
international; ~ international security; ~ international jurisdiction; ~ international trusteeship;
~ c international jurisdiction; ~oe international treaty obligation; ~oe
international contract law; ~oe international law; ~oe international agreement; ~ international arbitration; ~
international treaty; ~ rules of international law.
memorandum; ~ memorandum under a seal; ~ memorandum of intent; ~ memorandum of

understanding; ~ official memorandum.
/
barter; ~ contract of barter/barter agreement.
manager.
management; ~ bank management; ~ financial management.
minority; ~ dissenting minority.

/
measure, step; arrangements; sanction; ~ security measure; ~ disciplinary measures; ~ retaliatory
measure; ~ punitive measure; ~ measure of restraint; ~ measures of public
influence; ~ measures to combat terrorism; ~ administrative measures;
~ antiinflationary measures; ~ urgent measures; ~ educational measure;
102
~ temporary measure; ~ coercive measure; ~ effective measures; ~

disciplinary measures; ~ legal measures; ~ remedial action; ~ urgent measures;
~ security measures; ~ preventive measures; ~ illegal measures; ~ fire
safety measures; ~ emergency measures; ~ to resort to drastic measures; ~ to take
measures.
/
local; ~ local government; ~ local self-government; ~ local taxes; ~
local administration.
MECT/O
place, point; ( ) site; ( ) venue; ~ place of arbitration; ~ meeting place; ~
place of state residence; ~ place of residence; ~ place of a contract; ~
place of manufacture; ~ place of performance of an obligation; ~ place of
destination; ~ location; ~ accident scene; ~ public facility; ~
recreation centre; ~ place of payment; ~ place of delivery; ~ residence; ~
place of preliminary confinement; ~ place of origin; ~ place of work; ~ venue of proceedings;
~ place of registration; ~ place of birth/birthplace; ~ hearing locale; ~
crime scene; ~ place of making of a cheque; ~ place of storage; ~ temporary
residence; ~ case; ~ domicile; ~ former residence; ~ ()
vacancy; ~ judgement seat; ~ to deliver to destination; ~ to change one's
place of residence; ~y at the place of residence; ~y at the place of work.
residence, locality.
location, seat, site; ~ location of a company.
location; seat; ~ seat of government.

/
revenge; vengeance; ~ out of revenge; ~ blood feud/vendetta.
month; ~ calendar month; ~ month under report; ~ current month.
method, way, system, procedure; ~ method of reimbursement; ~ sample method; ~

taxation method; ~ method of payment; ~ arbitral procedure.
mechanism; ~ state regulation machinery; ~ legal mechanism.
migrant.
/
alms; ~ to beg alms; ~ to gather alms.
103
ministry, office; department; ~ Ministry for Foreign Economic Relations; ~ Ministry of

Internal Affairs; ~ Foreign Ministry/Ministry of Foreign Affairs; ~ Ministry of Social Protection;
~ Ministry of Finance; ~ Ministry of Economics; ~ Department of Justice.
minister, secretary; ~ minister without portfolio; ~ Minister for Internal Affairs; ~ Foreign
Minister/Minister for Foreign Affairs; ~ Minister of Finance; ~ Minister of Economics; ~ Minister of Justice;
~ Minister Plenipotentiary.
I
() peace; ~ universal peace; ~ stable peace; ~ just peace; ~ to stand for
peace; ~e to live in peace; ~ to conclude peace; ~ to defend peace; ~ to commit breach of the
peace; ~ to uphold peace; ~ to maintain peace; ~ to declare peace; ~ to safeguard
peace; ~ in defence of peace; ~ restoration of peace; ~ attainment of peace; ~
breach of the peace; ~ preservation of peace; ~ advocate of peace.
II
() world; the universe.
/
peaceful; pacific; ~ peace initiative; ~ peace conference; ~ peaceful policy; ~oe
civilian/peaceful population; ~oe pacific settlement of disputes; ~oe peaceful coexistence; ~
peace talks; ~ peaceful means; ~ peace treaty.
/
universal; world; ~ world war; ~ amicable transaction; ~oe world domination; ~oe
world public opinion; ~oe amicable agreement; ~ world court; ~ justice of the peace.
misdemeanour; ~ common law misdemeanour; ~ misdemeanour by statute; ~

misdemeanour in office.
mission; ~ diplomatic mission.
junior.
E
opinion; view; ~ judicial opinion; ~ , extrajudicial opinion; ~ ,
concurring opinion; ~ public opinion; ~ () dissenting opinion/opinion in
dissent.
/:
~ mock transaction/fictitious transaction; ~ to declare a mock transaction invalid.
polygamy; polygamous marriage.

H/
multinational; ~ multinational corporation.
104
/
multilateral; ~ multilateral agreement.
mobilization; ~ mobilization of internal resources; ~ mobilization of reserves; ~

mobilization of funds.
modernization; ~ modernization of production.

/:
~ tacit consent.
monitoring; ~ monitoring of tax revenues; ~ monitoring of business solvency; ~

monitoring of economic situation.
monogamy.
monopolist.
/
monopoly; ~ sales monopoly; ~ monopoly in manufacture; ~ alcohol
monopoly; ~ banking monopoly; ~ state monopoly; ~ natural monopoly; ~
artificial monopoly; ~ oil monopoly; ~ commercial monopoly; ~ insurance monopoly; ~
financial monopoly.
/:
~ sole right.
moral; ~ moral damage.
moratorium; ~ moratorium on debt; ~ moratorium on non-production

expenses; ~ to impose a moratorium; ~ to declare a moratorium; ~ to lift a moratorium.
motive; ~ impulsive cause; ~ ulterior motive.
motivation; ~ statement of motivation.
cheat; double-dealer; rogue; swindler.
to double-deal; to rogue; to swindle.
fraud, swindle, cheat; ~ commercial fraud; ~ bank fraud; ~ computer fraud; ~ tax
fraud.
105
to avenge; to revenge oneself.
sodomy.
municipality; city council; municipal council.

/
municipal; ~ municipal ownership; ~ municipal formation; ~ municipal
unitary enterprise.
MP
mayor; ~ mayoral election.
insurrection; revolt, rebellion; ~ armed rebellion; ~ to suppress a revolt; ~ to make a revolt.
/
observer; ~ military observer; ~ permanent observer; ~ to send as an observer.
() to supervise; to spy; ~ to supervise the observation of armistice conditions.
observation; supervision, surveillance; control; monitoring; ~ field supervision; ~ discreet surveillance; ~ to

keep under observation; ~ to maintain surveillance; ~ to bug.
/
award, reward, decoration; ~ money award; ~ well-deserved reward; ~ government reward;
~e to write smb up for an award.
increase, rise, bonus; ~ danger money; ~ night shift bonus; ~ overtime

premium; ~ bonus to the pension; ~ gratuity; ~ official allowance; ~
premium bonus; ~ trade allowance.
to provide; to authorize; to endue; ~ to endue with authority; ~ to authorize with a right; ~ to

entitle.
reliability; credibility; () safety, security; ~ reliability of data; ~ reliability of testimony; ~

credibility of evidence.
supervisor; warder.
106
control, inspection, oversight; superintendence; supervision, surveillance, monitoring; ~ supervision of activity; ~

supervision of adherence to laws; ~ designer's inspection; ~ administrative
supervision; ~ banking supervision; ~ state supervision; ~ public prosecutor's supervision;
~ sanitary inspection; ~ judicial supervision; ~ to be under supervision; ~ to
exercise supervision; ~ to place under supervision; ~a supervisory authority; ~a in the exercise of
supervisory powers.
/
supervisory; ~ supervisory agency; ~ supervisory jurisdiction; ~ review services.
/
appropriate, proper, due, regular; competent; ~ proper agency; ~ proper precaution; ~
appropriate measures; ~ properly; ~ in good and due form.
inscription, superscription; ~ endorsement without recourse; ~ commemorative inscription;

~ special endorsement; ~ executive endorsement; ~ endorsement; ~
authenticating inscription; ~ to endorse.
outrage; desecration.
to outrage.
() lease, renting; rent, renting, tenancy; ( ) employment; ~ renting; ~ hiring of labour;

~ hiring at will; to work by hire; to hire out/let on hire.
/
gain, profit; ~ easy money; ~ for personal gain.
to gain profit.
pressure; ~ administrative pressure; ~ financial pressure; ~ to put pressure.
to appoint; to nominate; ~ to appoint an arbitrator; ~ to appoint a hearing; ~ to set a time limit.

/
appointment, nomination; fixing; setting; ~ nomination of an arbitrator; ~ setting a date for a trial; ~
appointment of a diplomatic representative; ~ appointment of a trustee; ~
appointing official persons; ~ infliction of a penalty; ~ to seek a sanction;
~ to use according to designation.
name, designation; ~ name of a maker; ~ description (name) of an article; ~ improper designation;

~ () brand name.
107
lessor, renter.
/
punishment, penalty; () sentence; ~, summary punishment; ~,
disproportionate punishment; ~, punishment fixed by law; ~
discretional punishment; ~, punishment stipulated by law; ~,
extrajudicial punishment; ~, judicial punishment; ~, custodial
punishment; ~ additional punishment; ~ forfeiture penalty; ~ mixed punishment;
~ wrongful punishment; ~ conditional punishment; ~ to award a penalty; ~
to make a penalty conditional; ~ to admeasure the penalty; ~ to do one's time; ~ to
abolish punishment; ~ to suffer punishment; ~ to go unpunished; ~ punitive measure; ~ abolition of
punishment; ~ mitigation of punishment; ~ as punishment.
to penalize, to punish; ~ to punish with a fine.
note, bill, invoice; consignment; bill of lading waybill; ~ air waybill/air bill of lading; ~ motor waybill;
~ bill of lading/consignment note; ~ railway bill of lading; ~ bill of lading/consignment note.
to impose; to inflict; ~ to discipline; ~ to inflict a penalty; ~ to impose a fine.

/
availability; ~ availability of money; ~ availability of funds; ~ availability of goods; ~ to have in stock;
~ in case of fault.
cash; money in cash; ready money; quick cash; ~ currency holdings; ~ cash in a bank; ~ cash/cash
assets; ~ spare cash; ~ to convert into cash; ~ to inspect cash holdings.
tax; duty; charge; levy; ~, Federal budget tax; ~ social security

tax; ~ imputed income tax; ~ donor's tax; ~ value-added tax; ~
real estate tax; ~ earnings tax; ~ land tax; ~ personal property tax;
~ inheritance tax; ~ real estate tax; ~ windfall-profits tax; ~
sales tax; ~ profits tax, tax on profits; ~ sales tax; ~ property tax; ~ tax on
individuals; ~ excise tax; ~ double tax; ~ surcharge; ~ highway-user tax; ~
single tax; ~ land tax, tax on land; ~ property tax; ~ indirect tax; ~ local tax;
~ income tax; ~ tax on land, land tax; ~ property tax; ~ direct tax;
~ regional tax; ~ social security tax; ~ federal tax; ~ special tax; ~ to collect a tax;
~ to impose a tax; ~ to be liable to a tax; ~ to cut down a tax; ~ liable to a
tax; ~ imposition of a tax; ~a bonification; ~a tax evasion; ~ before
taxes.
108
/
fiscal; tax; ~a tax roll; ~ tax haven; ~ tax declaration; ~ tax inspectorate; ~
tax loophole; ~ tax police; ~oe tax burden; ~oe taxation; ~oe fiscal law; ~oe
fiscal regulation; ~ tax privileges; ~ capital allowance; ~ revenue inspector; ~
taxable period.
/
taxation, tax assessment; ~ taxation of income; ~ profits taxation; ~ double taxation;
~ differential taxation; ~ confiscatory taxation; ~ indirect taxation; ~ concessional taxation;
~ multiple taxation; ~ progressive taxation; ~ direct taxation; ~ federal
income taxation; ~ overtaxation; ~ to avoid taxation; ~ to exempt from taxation;
~ exempt from a tax; ~ liable to a tax.
taxpayer; ~ mala fide taxpayer; ~ rights and liabilities of taxpayers.
() imposition; infliction; ~ seizure of property/attachment; ~ imposition of

a disciplinary penalty; ~ imposition of a penalty/of punishment; ~ imposition of an obligation; ~ sealing;
~ imposition of a penalty/of a fine.
intention, intent; design; () aim, purpose; ~ fraudulent intent; ~ intent to appropriate; ~

testamentary intent; ~ contractual intent; ~ aggressive intent;
~ probable intention; ~ real intention; ~ wrong intent; ~ legitimate intent; ~ deliberate
intent; ~ first intent; ~ wrongful intent; ~ obvious intent; ~
aforethought/with premeditated design.
deliberately; intentionally; purposely.
infliction; ~ infliction of a bodily injury; ~ infliction of damage.
1. () employer, hirer; 2. (, ) lessee; hirer; renter; tenant.
1. ( ) to employ; to hire; 2. ( ) to rent; to tenant; 3. ( ) to charter; to freight.
to inflict; ~ to cause harm; ~ to insult; ~ to damage.
to attack; to assail; to assault.

/
attack; assailing; assault; ~ sudden (surprise) assault (attack); ~ armed attack; ~ assault in concert;
~ holdup; ~ to commit an assault; ~ assailed; attacked.
/
direction, line, course; () tendency, trend; ~ () business priority.
109
(, ) to direct; to refer; ~ to refer a case to the court; ~ ( ) to direct an appeal (to the court).
/
tension; ~ international tension; ~ relaxation of international tension;
~ escalation of international tension.
to give directions; ~ to charge the jury.
drug trafficking, drug business.
drug dealer; drug trafficker.
drug addict; drug fiend.
drug abuse, drug habit.
narcomafia.
drug; narcotic; ~ illegal drug; ~ authorized drug; ~ hard drug; ~ drug

pushing/sale.
/
people's; popular; national; ~oe national economy.
handcuffs; manacles; ~ to manacle.
( , ) to break, to make default, to violate, to infringe; ~ to break a contract; ~ to break a law; ~

to infringe the rules of international law; ~ to break one's obligation; ~ to
violate human rights; ~ to infringe/to violate a nation's sovereignty; ~ to violate
intentionally/wilfully.
/
() breach; violation; infringement; dereliction; () offence; ~ infringement of copyright;
~ excise violation; ~ currency offence; ~ trespass; ~ breach
of military duty; ~ breach of warranty; ~ violation of a border; ~ infringement of
current legislation; ~ monetary disorder; ~ breach of confidence; ~ breach of a
contract/contractual default; ~ dereliction of duty; ~ violation of a law; ~ violation of legislation; ~
violation of a constitution; ~ breach of international law; ~
infringement of tax legislation; ~ breach of a commitment; ~ infringement of a patent; ~
traffic infringement/violation of traffic safety rules; ~ violation of human rights; ~ violation of privacy;
~ breach of justice; ~ breach of order; ~ family disturbance; ~
misconduct in office; ~ violation of an agreement; ~ violation of delivery time; ~
110
infringement/violation of a nation's sovereignty; ~ violation of a secrecy of correspondence;

~ violation of insurance confidence; ~ violation of the customs law; ~
infringement of a trademark; ~ breach of requirements for quality of goods; ~
breach of labour discipline; ~ administrative offence; ~ committed violation; ~ tax violation;
~ intended violation; ~ repeated violations; ~ premeditated infringement; ~
intended infringement; ~ severable breach/partial infringement; ~ financial fraud.
violator, infringer, breaker, disturber; infractor; offender; ~ violator of a copyright; ~ trespasser; ~

frontier intruder; ~ violator of discipline; ~ law-breaker/transgressor of laws; ~ infringer of a patent; ~
traffic offender; ~ oath-breaker; ~ breaker of labour discipline; ~
breaker of the peace.
/
force; violence; () coercion; duress; ~ personal violence; ~ violence against a person;
~ legal violence; ~ illegal violence; ~ lawful violence; ~ direct violence; ~ to
resort to force; ~ to apply physical violence; ~ to commit an act of violence/ () to
outrage; ~ act of violence; , ~ transaction made under the influence of violence.
rapist.
t rape; to outrage.
violently; by force; forcibly.

/
forcible; violent; ~oe forcible possession.
heritage; legacy.
heir; () successor, assign, assignee; () descendant; ~ (no ) legatary/legatee; ~

(no ) devisee; ~ collateral heir; ~ conventional heir; ~ heir at
law/legal heir; ~ lawful heir; ~ lineal heir; ~ legitimate heir; ~
presumptive heir; ~ heir apparent/heir of the blood.
/
inheritance, heirloom; succession; descent; ~ several inheritance; ~ collateral descent; ~
testamentary succession; ~ legal succession; ~ o immediate descent; ~ natural succession; ~
intestate succession; ~ ( ) coparceny; ~ order of succession; ~
heirship; ~ by way of legal succession.
to inherit; to succeed; ~ o to inherit by a will; ~ to inherit by descent.
legator; testator.
111
/
hereditary; heritable; ~oe inheritance law/law of succession.
/
heritage, inheritance, heirloom; ~, residue; ~ vacant succession;
~a to disinherit; ~y to bequeath a legacy; ~y to inherit; ~ to administer upon a will;
~y hereditably.
( ) to become due.
/
() maturity; ( . .) attachment; ~ occurrence of the time for performance of
obligations; ~ occurrence of the insured event; ~ before maturity; ~ at maturity;
~ at maturity.
naturalization.
naturalized.
to naturalize.
extra charge; markup; ~ markup; ~ insurance margin; ~ trade margin; ~ transportation

margin.
/
nationalization; ~ nationalization of an industry.
to nationalize.
nationality.
/
national; ~ nationalities policy; ~ nationality; ~oe national wealth; ~oe national
minority; ~ national waters; ~ national interests; ~ national sovereignty.
nation.
/
beginning, start, commencement, inception; ~ inception of insurance; ~ax on a
voluntary basis; ~ax on a parity basis.
chief; head; boss; superior.

/
charge; () calculation, computation; ~ charge of a penalty on an amount; ~ calculation of interest;
~ tax accruals.
112
to charge; () to calculate, to compute.

/
carelessness, fault, inadvertence; neglect, negligence; recklessness; ~, actionable negligence; ~
contributory negligence; ~ imputed negligence; ~ neglect of official duty; ~ criminal negligence;
~ to commit gross negligence; ~ to be liable in tort for
negligence; - ~ tort of negligence.
ignorance; lack of knowledge.
1. ( ) daughter-in-law; 2. ( ) sister-in-law.
outstanding, uncollected.
innocence, guiltlessness; ~ to prove one's innocence; - ~ to adjudge not guilty.

/
guiltless; innocent; ~ innocent party; ~ innocent in law; ~ innocent in fact; - ~
to adjudge not guilty.
insanity; lunacy; madness; unsoundness of mind; ~ temporary insanity; ~ evidenced insanity; ~

alleged insanity; ~ to determine insanity.
insane; lunatic; mad.

/
non-interference; non-intervention; ~a principle of non-interference in the internal affairs
of other states.
default; ~ credit default.
uncompensability; irreparableness.
uncompensable; irreparable; ~ to cause an irreparable damage.
/
uncompensated; unredressed.
() impossibility; ~ absolute impossibility of performance; ~

impossibility of performance of the contract in fact; ~ legal impossibility of performance.
unclaimed, uncalled; unreclaimed.
non-payment; ~ arrears of wages; ~ non-payment of interest.

HEB/
unpaid; outstanding; undischarged; () unextinguished; unsettled.
113
non-compliance, failure to perform, non-fulfilment, non-execution, default; ~ non-execution of a contract; ~ nonperformance of an order; ~ non-compliance with the lawful order of the court; ~ failure to perform
obligations/failure in duties; ~ non-compliance with an obligation; ~ non-fulfilment of a decision; ~
non-fulfilment of an agreement.
unguaranteed; unsecured; unwarranted.

/
negotiation; ~ to effect negotiation/to negotiate.
inhumanity.
inhumane.
undated.
/
immovables; real estate; immovable property, realty; tenement; ~, fee simple; ~ vacant
possession; ~ state property; ~ devise; ~ pledged assets; ~ tenure;
~ letter of hypothecation; ~ transfer of the right of ownership to immovable property; ~
transfer of immovable property; ~ right of ownership to immovable property.
disability, legal incapacity; ~ mental disability; ~ civil incapacity.

/
legally incapable, disqualified, incompetent, disable; ~ to be incompetent to contract; ~ to
disable/to incapacitate; - ~ declaration of smb to be incompetent; ~
judgement of a court declaring a citizen to be incompetent.
(, , ) invalidity; nullity; ~ invalidity of an agreement; ~ invalidity of a credit

agreement; ~ invalidity of an obligation; ~ invalidity of a trademark.
/
( ) invalid, ineffective, void, null; ~ void marriage; ~ void contract; ~ invalid; ~
to invalidate/to nullify; ~ to declare null and void.
bad quality, unsoundness.

H/
dishonest; unfair; unscrupulous.
/
distrust; mistrust; ~ vote of no confidence.
114
/
arrears; ~ tax arrears; ~ arrears of compulsory payments; ~ to collect arrears;
~ to pay off arrears.
defaulter.
failure of evidence; ~ failure of a title; ~ not proved.
unproved; unproven.
short shipment.
/
short delivery; incomplete delivery; underdelivery; ~ shortage in the supply of goods; ~y penalty for the
shortage of goods.
impermissibility, inadmissibility; () illegality; ~ cause-of-action estoppel.
() impermissible; ( ) inadmissible; () illegal, illicit; ~ inadmissible

evidence; ~oe impermissible punishment.
oversight.
/
1. (, ) deficiency; lack; deficit; shortage; 2. (, ) fault; defect; () infirmity; ~,
defects discovered during the guarantee period; ~ inherent defect; ~ design
(structural) defect; ~ defect that cannot be eliminated; ~, discovered defect; ~ hidden/latent
defect; ~ obvious defect; ~ correction of defects; ~ correction of defects.
insufficiency; scarcity; shortage; deficiency; () inadequacy; ~ shortage of evidence; ~

insufficiency of property.
/
shortage; deficiency; ~ shortage of cargo; ~ shortage of property; ~ shortage of goods; ~ declared
shortage; ~e statement of shortage; ~ to make up for shortage.
unreliable; unauthentic; uncertain.
uncertified; unverified; unattested.
non-completion; ~ non-completion of work.
undevised.
115
/
independence; ~ independence of judges; ~ to declare independence.
/
independent; ~ independent policy.
illegally; illegitimately; lawlessly; wrongfully; ~ illegally obtained property.
illegality, unlawfulness, illegitimacy.

/
illegal; illicit; unlawful; ~ illegal strike; ~ legal malpractice; ~ illegal trade; ~oe
unlawful invasion of privacy; ~oe illegal action; ~oe unlawful detention; ~oe
unlawful assembly; ~oe unlawful custody; ~oe illicit cohabitation; ~oe unlawful
dismissal; ~ illegal currency exchange; ~ drug-trafficking; ~ by illegal means.
H
unpatented.
unregistered; unrecorded.
unattested; uncertified; unverified; unwitnessed.
uninsured.
unchartered.
ignorance; ~ voluntary ignorance; ~ innocent ignorance; ~ to plead ignorance of law.
unendorsed.
unincorporated.
/
() default, non-fulfilment, non-execution; non-performance; non-observance; ~ failure to implement a budget; ~
default; ~ failure to perform of a contract; ~ failure to observe a law; ~ nonfulfilment of an obligation; ~ default on one's commitments; ~ wilful default; ~
on default.
( . .) unexecuted; unperformed.
() non-use.
incorrigible.
116
fault, failure; ~ failure in duties.
uncalled; unclaimed; unreclaimed.
neutrality; ~ armed neutrality; ~ to maintain neutrality.
neutral.
H
unqualified; unskilled.
/
non-commercial; ~ non-commercial organization.
incompetence.
incompetent; unqualified.
inconvertibility.
/
inconvertible, non-convertible, soft; ~ inconvertible/soft currency.
substandard, non-standard.
unconstitutionality.
/
unconstitutional; ~ to hold unconstitutional.
uncontrollable.
insolvency.
insolvent, not creditworthy.
unlegalized, uncertified.
illegal.
unmarketable products; non-liquid assets.

/
non-material; ~ intangible thing/thing incorporeal; ~ non-material values.
117
unreliability; ~ unreliability of evidence.
unreliable; untrustworthy.
/
improper; inappropriate; ~ee improper execution.
unpunishability.
unpunishable.
accidentally; unintentionally; inadvertently.
accidental; unintentional; inadvertent.
unheritable.
unnaturalized.
unprovided; unsecured.
unpromulgated.
non-negotiable.
groundlessness; unsoundness.
/
groundless; unsound; untenable; ~oe groundless accusation.
() unencumbered; free and clear; uncharged.

/
necessity, need, want; requirement; ~ exigency of war; ~ commercial necessity; ~ objective
necessity; ~ economic necessity; ~ for reasons of necessity; ~ in case of need.
/
indispensable; necessary; ~oe indispensable evidence.
non-obligatory; optional.
/
unlimited; unrestricted; ~ unlimited liability.
118
:
~ repeated crime.
non-payment; failure to pay.
active; unextinguished; outstanding; undischarged; unpaid; unredeemed; unsettled; ~ unpaid goods; ~ unpaid cheque.
unidentified.
/
conclusive; incontrovertible; irrefutable; ~oe conclusive evidence.
() unprotested.
/
incontestable, undisputed, indisputable, unchallengeable; irrefutable; ~oe conclusive evidence.
/
() negligence, carelessness; imprudence; ~ gross carelessness/reckless act; ~ criminal/culpable
negligence; ~ by negligence.
/
() negligent; careless; imprudent; incautious; ~oe careless driving.
uncondemned; unconvicted.
imminence; inevitability; ~ inevitability of the punishment.

/
pressing; urgent; ~ first aid.
( ..) unrevoked.
inalienability.
/
inalienable; ~e inalienable rights and freedoms of man.
/
inalienable; inherent; ~oe inalienable/inherent right.
informal, unofficial.
non-patentable; unpatentable.
non-payment; default; failure to pay; default in payment; ~ default on budgetary payments; ~a reason for nonpayment; ~a in default of payment.
119
insolvency, bankruptcy; inability to pay; ~ insolvency of partners.

/
insolvent; bankrupt; unsound; ~ to declare bankrupt.
defaulter; ~ tax-evader/tax defaulter.
disobedience; insubordination; ~ civil disobedience.
non-payment; ~ failure to redeem bonds.
() unextinguished; undischarged; unpaid; unredeemed; unsettled.
incorruptibility.
incorrupt; incorruptible.
/
immunity from jurisdiction; ~ challenge of jurisdiction.
immune from the jurisdiction.
insubordination; () contumacy.
failure to cover; ~ failure to cover financial obligations.
deficiency; ~ deficiency of intellect/imbecility.
defective; imbecile.
() irreparable.
non-delivery, failure to deliver.
faulty; incorrect; wrong; mistaken.
illegally; unlawfully; wrongfully; ~ misappropriated.
illegality, wrongfulness, unlawfulness; ~ illegality of actions.
120
/
illegal, unlawful, wrongful; ~oe misappropriation; ~oe wrongful dismissal; ~ judicial
misconduct.
incompetence; ineligibility; ~ civil incapacity.

/
incompetent, without legal authority, ineligible; unauthorized; ~oe unauthorized use.
disability, incapacity, incompetence; ~ civil incapacity.

/
disabled, incapable, incompetent; ~ temporarily incompetent; ~ to disable/to incapacitate.
/
illegal; unjust; ~oe miscarriage of justice.
/
uncontemplated; unforeseen; ~ extraordinary expenses.
failure to provide; ~ failure to provide documentation.

/
unavoidable; ~ unavoidable circumstances.
failure to submit; ~ failure to submit income tax return.
unintended; unintentional; unpurposed.

H
() unprovided.
failure to present, non-presentment; ~ non-claim.

/
insurmountable; irresistible; ~ force majeure/act of God.
H
( . .) unfranchised; unprivileged.
unsuitability; ( ) incapacity.
/
() immunity; () inviolability; () integrity; ~ inviolability of residence; ~
inviolability of property; ~ personal privacy; ~ inviolability of the person; ~ immunity of
office; ~ inviolability of ownership; ~ inviolability of private life; ~ diplomatic immunity;
~ personal inviolability; ~ parliamentary immunity; ~ territorial integrity;
~ deprivation of parliamentary immunity; ~ to enjoy parliamentary immunity.
121
non-application; non-use.
/
non-alignment; ~ policy of non-alignment.
/
non-aligned; ~ non-aligned countries.
indecency; obscenity.
/
indecent; obscene; ~ obscene language; ~oe indecent conduct.
inequality.
unequal; inequitable.
unequal.
non-disclosure.
/
undetected; undisclosed; ~ undetected crime.
uninvestigated.
indissoluble.
unratified; ~ unratified treaty.
unregulated.
unprofitability.
unprofitable, unremunerative.
inviolability; ~ inviolability of borders.
unauthorized, unapproved.
imbalance, unbalance; ~ imbalance in external payments; ~ economic disequilibrium.
irremovability from office; ~ irremovability of judges.

122
irremovable.
non-observance, non-observing; non-compliance with; non-conformity; omission to observe; () infringement, violation; ~

non-compliance with a statute; ~ non-compliance with obligations; ~ infringement of rules; ~ nonobservance of the date; ~ failure to observe the requirements; ~ non-observance of conditions of the
contract; ~ non-observance of formalities.
incompatibility; incongruity; inconsistency.
incompatible, incongruous, inconsistent; ~ incompatible with the norms of international law.
disagreement, non-consent; ~ to indicate one's disagreement.
non-coordination, non-compliance.
inadequacy; non-conformity; incompatibility, inconsistency; ~ non-fillfilment of specific requirements; ~

non-conformity to the contract.
disparity.
/
inconsistency; untenability; insolvency, failure, bankruptcy; ~ insolvency of a debtor; ~ insolvency of a
legal person; ~ bankruptcy; ~ bankruptcy petition; ~ bankruptcy law; ~
adjudication in bankruptcy. /
insolvent, bankrupt; ~ insolvent; ~ to file a bill of bankruptcy; ~ to declare bankrupt.
unfair; unjust; ~ unjust sentence.

H
unprovoked.
instability; ~ economic instability.

/
drunkcn; ~ drunken driving.
/
disability, incapacity to work, invalidity; ~, a pensionable disability; ~ temporary inability to work;
~ permanent incapacity; ~ partial invalidity; ~ disability pension; ~ disability
insurance.
disabled; invalid.
123
disrespect; ~ contempt of court.
unlegalized; illegitimate.
non-payment; default of payment; failure to pay; ~ default on debts; ~ non-payment of taxes; ~ default in
paying a fine.
/
unsettled; unregulated; ~e unregulated differences.
/
() forfeit; penalty, fine; ( ) damages; ~ penalty for nonperformance of an obligation; ~ penalty for late delivery; ~ heavy penalty; ~ contractual
penalty; ~ statutory penalty; ~ fiscal penalty; ~ penal damages; ~y to pay a fine;
~y to inflict a penalty; ~ recovery of a contractual sanction; ~ payment of a penalty;
~ amount of a penalty; ~e award about a penalty; ~ agreement on a penalty.
instability; ~ instability of the legislative base; ~ economic instability.
shortage, deficit, insufficiency; ~ cash shortage; ~ labour shortage; ~ fuel shortage; ~

energy shortage.
/
absence; ( ) non-attendance; ~ absence from court; ~ default at a trial;
~ judgement by default.
inferior; lower.
() invalidity; ~ invalidity of a contract.

/
() null and void, void; ~ void transaction; ~ to declare void.
/
revival; () novation; ~ revival of an agreement; ~ to novate.
HOPM/A
norm, standard; rule; ~ civil standards; ~ norms of civil law; ~
rules of international law; ~, regulation enforceable in court; - ~
administrative rule; ~ operative rule; ~ disciplinary standards; ~ legislative rule;
~ prohibitive rule; ~ imperative norm; ~ conflict rule; ~ legal norms;
~ rules of court; ~ to lay down legal rules; operation
of norms of civil law; violation of norms.
normalization, standardization.
124
norm, normative, standard; ~ to lay down standards.
normative, standard; ~ normative act.
rationing; regulation.
note; ~ diplomatic note.
notarially; ~ attested and certified by a notary/authenticated by a notary; ~ to attest notarially.

/
notarial; ~ notarially certified copy; ~ notarial office; ~oe notarial attestation/notarization;
~ notarial authentication; ~ authentication of a signature by a notary; ~ notarial
charges; ~ notarial act.
state notary's office; notariate.
notary; notary public; ~ conveyancer; ~ public notary/notary public; ~

private notary; ~a notarial seal; ~ to confirm by a notary/to notarize.
morality; virtue.
needs, demands; for state and municipal needs.
to become bankrupt, to go out of business; to become insolvent; to go bust.
collapse; ~ price collapse.
false weighing.
/
accusation; charge; inculpation; ( ) the prosecution; ~ drug-trafficking charge; ~
charge of a criminal negligence; ~ countercharge; ~ false charge; ~ unfounded charge;
~ well-grounded charge; ~ formal charge; ~ to arraign an accusation; ~ to
countercharge; ~ to search a charge; ~ to drop a charge; ~ to deny a charge; ~
to appear for the prosecution; ~ to bring an accusation; ~ to probe a charge; ~ to
125
concoct a charge; ~ to state a charge; ~ dropped charge; ~ witness for the prosecution; ~ on
a charge.
/
prosecutor; counsel for the prosecution; ~ public prosecutor; ~ private prosecutor; ~
accusatory pleading.
accusational; accusatory; prosecuting; prosecutive; ~ indictment; ~ to find/to return indictment; ~ judgement

of conviction/verdict of guilty.
accused, charged, defendant; ~ judicially charged; ~ charged on inquisition; ~

charged on indictment.
to accuse of, to charge with, to prosecute; ~ to accuse of a criminal negligence; ~

to accuse of a criminal omission; ~ to accuse judicially; ~ to accuse of neglect.
to be accused of; to be charged with; to be prosecuted.

/
1. () supply, provision, procurement; 2. () support, backing; 3. () pledge, security; ~
ensuring of the state's security; ~ security in the form of bills; ~ security for a debt; ~ backing of a loan; ~
guaranteed employment; ~ provisional remedy; ~ securing of execution of treaties; ~
security for a credit; ~ security for payment; ~ ensuring of the right to defence; ~ security for a loan;
~ currency security; ~ cash cover; ~ collateral security; - ~ material
support; ~ software; ~ real security; ~ social security/social welfare; ~ insurance cover;
~ judicial security; ~ hardware; ~ financial security; ~ to lend on security;
~ to exercise security; ~ to provide security; ~ to serve as security; ~
without security or warrant; ~ as security; ~ on security.
to assure; to guarantee; to secure; ~ to secure compliance with a commitment; ~ to provide with

a defender.
depreciation; () devaluation; ~ depreciation of currency.

/
appeal; ~ administrative appeal; ~, statutory appeal;
~ without the right of appeal; ~ appealable; ~ procedure for appealing; ~ right of appeal.
to appeal; ~ to appeal against a judge's decision.

/
raid; round up; ~y to carry out a raid; ~y to be rounded up.
() to assess; to impose; ~ to impose a duty; ~ to impose a fine.

126
possession.
possessor, owner, holder; ~ possessor of a property right; ~ holder of a right; ~ title

holder.
to have in possession; to possess.
bond holder.
/
bond; debenture; ~ debenture bond; ~ irredeemable bond; ~
internal bond; ~ bearer bond; ~, debenture bond; ~ interestfree bond; ~ government bond; ~ long-term; ~ registered bond; ~
outstanding bond; ~ collateral bond; ~ negative bond; ~ government bond;
~ interest-bearing bond; ~ to issue bonds; ~ to retire bonds; ~ to redeem bonds.
/
() taxation, assessment, imposition, levy; ~ taxation of income; ~ imposition of taxes; ~ imposition
of a duty; ~ indirect taxation; ~ multiple taxation; ~ liable to a tax; ~
graduated taxation; ~ proportional taxation; ~ imposition of customs duties.
deceit, deception; () fraud; cheat; ~ consumer fraud; ~ contract fraud;

~ malicious fraud; ~ fraud in law; ~ fraud in fact; ~ to commit a fraud;
~e to catch in a deception; ~ fraudulent intent; ~ under the influence of fraud;
~ by deceit.
/
fraudulent; ~ by fraud/fraudulently.
to deceive; to defraud.
exchange; barter; () conversion; swap; ~ exchange of shares; ~ exchange of currency; ~

exchange of delegations; ~ e exchange of diplomatic missions; ~ renewal of
documents; ~ conversion of bonds into stocks; ~ exchange of patents; ~
exchange of instruments of ratification; ~ pleadings; ~ exchange of goods; ~ barter;
~ by way of exchange.
conversion into cash.
disclosure.
promulgate.
127
impoverishment.
enrichment; ~ illegal enrichment; ~ unjust enrichment; ~ for one's own enrichment.
defence; ~ justifiable defence.
turnover; circulation; ~ stock turnover; ~ capital turnover; ~ gross turnover; ~ foreign trade
turnover; ~ circulation of money; ~ payment transactions; ~ market turnover; ~ shadow
turnover; ~ turnover of commodities; ~ trade turnover; ~a without recourse; ~ with recourse.
/
reverse; () negotiable; () current, circulating, floating, revolving; working; ~ current/working assets; ~
current/working capital.
transfer-ability; ~ transfer-ability of objects of civil rights.

/
equipment, facilities; machinery; outfit; ~ emergency equipment; ~ automated equipment;
~ idle equipment; ~ operative equipment; ~ defective equipment; ~ stand-by
equipment; ~ worn-out equipment; ~ short-shipped equipment; ~ incomplete equipment;
~ outdated equipment; ~ leasing of equipment; ~ delivery of equipment; ~ purchase of
equipment; ~ wear of equipment; ~ improper quality of equipment; ~ short delivery of
equipment.
to equip, to fit out.
reason; foundation; substantiation; argument; basis; () justification; ~ foundation of an appeal; ~

argument in support of opposition ;~ foundation of evidence; ~ justification of a claim; ~
substantiation of a claim; ~ judgement rationale; ~ legal justification; - ~ feasibility
study; ~ legal reasoning.
validity, sufficiency; reasonableness, soundness; () justification; () relevance; ~ justification

of a claim for damages; ~ validity of a conclusion; ~ justification of a complaint; ~ justification of a claim; ~
constitutional propriety; ~ validity of a claim; ~ indirect relevance; ~ direct
relevance; ~ ostensible relevance; ~ causal relevance; ~ sufficiency in law.
/
just, justified, valid, reasonable; sound; sufficient; founded; ~ justified appeal; ~ valid claim; ~oe
valid claim; ~ sound argument; ~ founded in fact; ~ lawfully sufficient; ~ to hold
good in law.
to convert, to turn; ~ to levy execution; ~ to appropriate.

128
to ask; to apply; ~ to go to the law; ~ to ill-treat.

/
address; appeal; application; ~ execution upon property; ~ judicial recourse; ~ humane
treatment; ~ currency; ~ ill-treatment; ~ to recall from circulation; ~
to be subjected to cruel treatment; ~ non-leviable.
/
() charge; ~ real obligation; ~ to exonerate.
() to charge, to encumber; ~ to grant a mortgage; ~ to encumber assets; ~ to grant a

charge over rights.
examination; () inspection, survey; () investigation, inquiry; ~ credit investigation;

~ status survey; ~ test survey; ~ medical examination; ~ to do a survey.
to examine; () to inspect; () to investigate, to inquire; ~ to examine a patient.

/
service; servicing; ~ external debt servicing; ~ banking service; ~ free health
care; ~ warranty service; ~ municipal services; ~ medical service; ~ technical
servicing; ~ transport service; ~ charter service; ~ services industry.
to serve; to service; ~ to service a car.

/
circumstance; condition; ~a circumstances of the case; ~ circumstances of a case under a claim; ~a
acts of God/force majeure; ~a unforeseen circumstances; ~a aggravating circumstances;
~a mitigating circumstances; ~ attendant circumstances; ~ factual circumstances;
~a extraordinary circumstances; ~a to find out the circumstances; ~a to p lead
justification; ~a to consider attenuating circumstances; coincidence of circumstances;
~ under the circumstances of the case; ~ due to circumstances not depending on smb;
by force of circumstances.
filibustering; obstruction.
() cheat; ~ cheat of consumers.
() to cheat.
() evasion, circumvention; ~ evasion of law.
() to evade, to circumvent, to bypass.

129
/
universally received; generally accepted; ~ generally accepted norms of international law.
-
injurious to the public; socially dangerous.
-
socially useful; ~ socially useful labour.
/
public, social; communal; ~ public safety; ~ communal property; ~oe public benefit; ~oe
public evil; ~oe public place; ~oe public opinion; ~oe public conduct; ~oe social position; ~
public peace; ~ social system; ~x on a voluntary basis.
/
society, institution; company; ~ company for mutual insurance; ~ unlimited
company; ~ limited company; ~ joint-stock company; ~ closed
company; ~ insurance company; ~ to wind up a company; ~ to found/to establish a company;
~ liquidation of a company; ~ founding of a joint-stock company; ~ reorganization of a
company.
common; general; ~ common ownership; ~ general meeting of shareholders.
community; unanimity; ~ joint cause of action; ~ estate in the entirety.
association, corporation, union; ~ combining property share contributions; ~ merger; ~

corporate consolidation; ~ voluntary association; ~ integration; ~
industrial association; ~ self-supporting enterprise; ~ business association.
to unite; to unify; to merge.
to unite; to associate; to merge.
object; target; ~ object of lease; ~ state and public property; ~

objects of civil rights; ~ object of trusteeship; ~ object of pledge; ~
object of intellectual property; ~ - object of purchase and sale; ~
object of taxation; ~ object of law; ~ target of a crime; ~ object of a transaction.
/
objective; fair; impartial.
volume; amount; size; () scope; ~ volume of business; ~ volume of gross output; ~

volume of foreign trade; ~ volume of air carriage; ~ volume of money supply; ~
amount of indebtedness; ~ amount of loans; ~ volume of purchases; ~ volume of credit; ~
scope of a licence; ~ scope of responsibility; ~ scope of damage; ~ limits of
130
authority; ~ scope of a concept; ~ scope of a right; ~ extent of legal aid; ~ scope of a

claim; ~ size of a transaction; ~ insurance cover; ~ volume of trade; ~ amount of
finance.
announcement; declaration; () notice; () advertisement; ( ) adjudication; ~

announcement of an award; ~ adjudication of disappearance; ~ outlawing; ~
declaration of war; ~ adjudication of incapacity; ~ adjudication of bankruptcy; ~o
declaring bankruptcy; ~ declaration of dividends; ~ declaration of intention; ~
declaration of insolvency; ~ call for redemption; ~
invitation for subscription; ~ declaration of invalidity; ~ invitation for bids, invitation to tender;
~ declaration of the poll; ~ declaration of the value of cargo; ~
announcement of a judgement; ~ declaration of death.
to proclaim; to declare; to announce; ( ) to adjudge; to adjudicate; () to advertise; ~

to declare invalidity of an award; ~ to adjudicate missing; ~ to
outlaw; ~ to declare a meeting closed; ~ to declare a meeting open; ~ to
declare invalid; ~ to adjudge bankrupt; ~ to declare expired; ~
to declare satisfaction of a petition; ~ to declare a state of emergency.
/
explanation; interpretation; ~ presentation of a case; ~ pleadings.
usage; ~ commercial usage/usage of trade.
search; ~, search based on a voluntary consent; ~ lawful search; ~

unlawful search; ~ to conduct a search; ~ search warrant/warrant of search.
to search.
O/
() custom, habit; ( ) practice, convention; usage; ~ customs of trade;
~ banking practice; ~ international custom; ~ local custom; ~ national usage;
~ parliamentary law; ~ custom of a port; ~ trade custom; ~ to break local
customs; ~ to observe customs; ~ to respect local customs.
/
usual; customary; ordinary; ~ conventional arms.
/
duty, obligation, liability; () responsibility; ~ duties of an arbitrator; ~ duties of the parties;
~ civil law duty; ~ contractual duty; ~ official duties; ~ property duties;
~ official duties; ~ to assume a duty; ~ to carry out one's duties; ~ to place under a
duty; ~ to be in default; ~ to dispense from a duty; ~ to
131
abandon one's duty); ~ to enter upon one's duties; ~ fulfilment of obligations;

~ failure to perform a duty.
/
bound; obliged; ~ to be bound by law/to be legally bound.
/
compulsory; binding; obligatory; ~ statutory share; ~ compulsory jurisdiction; ~ compulsory appearance;
~oe compulsory insurance; ~ compulsory insurance of civil liability;
~ binding provisions of the contract; ~ legally binding.
/
obligation, liability, commitment; ~a, commitments arising from contracts; ~a
commitments under international law; ~a commitments of the parties under a contract; ~ liability
of indemnity; ~ deed of covenant; ~ secondary obligation; ~ alternative
obligation; ~a mutual obligations; ~ counter obligation; ~ bond of indemnity;
~a contractual obligations; ~ certificate of indebtedness; ~ long-term obligation; ~
acknowledgement of debt; ~a property obligations; ~ short-term obligation; ~ tax liability;
~a outstanding liabilities; ~ obligation secured by a pledge; ~ deferred liability;
~ written obligation; ~ payment obligation; ~ legal obligation; ~ lawful commitment;
~ unlawful commitment; ~ joint liability; ~ joint and several obligation; ~ insurance
liability; ~ contingent liability; ~ financial obligation; ~ to take upon oneself a commitment;
~ to lay a commitment; ~ to carry out one's commitment; ~ to default one's commitment;
~a to release from a commitment; ~ to bind a commitment; ~y limitation of action for an obligation;
~a performance of an obligation; ~a breach of an obligation; ~a default;
~a liability for breach of an obligation; ~a payment of an obligation; ~a termination of an obligation.
to obligate; to oblige.
/
binding; ~ binding nature of international law.
overdraft; ~ bank overdraft.
to announce; to proclaim; to pronounce; ~ to pronounce a verdict; ~ to read out a judgement.
announcement; proclamation; pronouncement.
1. () to defame; to slander; 2. ( a) to specify; stipulate; 3. ( ) to make proviso.
defamation; slander.
/
clause, provision, reserve, reservation; proviso; qualification; stipulation; ~ average clause; ~
most-favoured-nation clause; ~ contracting-out clause; ~
132
escape clause; ~ secrecy clause; ~ lien clause; ~

reservation of title; ~ arbitration clause; ~ currency clause; ~ usual reservation;
~ reciprocal clause; ~ penalty clause; ~y to make a proviso; without a reservation; ~ subject to
reservations.
burglary; plundering; robbery; ~ safe burglary; ~ office burglary.
governmentalization; ~ governmentalization of economy.

/
restriction, limitation; ~ budget restraint; ~ limitation of rights; ~ legal incapacity; ~
restrictions of activities; ~ restrictions of the access to the market; ~ restraint of import; ~
liability limitation; ~ circumscription of a right; ~ profit constraint; ~ restraint of liberty; ~
speed limit; ~ restriction of trade; ~ jurisdictional restriction; ~ budget restriction;
~ exchange restrictions; ~ quantitative restrictions; ~ constitutional restraints; ~ legal
restraints; ~ specified restraints; ~ judicial restraints; ~ actual restraints; ~
legal restraints; c ~ liberalization of import; ~ liberalization of trade.
/
limited; restricted; restrained; ~ limited liability; ~oe qualified right.
to limit; to restrict; to restrain.

/
restrictive; ~ restrictive speed.
/
lonely; solitary; () single; ~ unmarried mother.
/
unilateral; ~ unilateral act; ~ unilateral transaction.
/
approval; ~ approval of an international treaty; ~ approval by the general
meeting of shareholders; ~ approval by the court; ~ to get approval.
to approve.
rendering; ~ rendering of assistance; ~ rendering of services; ~ giving financial support.
salary; ~, pensionable earnings; ~ official salary; ~ personal salary.
to calumniate; to defame; to malign; to slander.
district; region; ~ constituency/electoral district; ~ circuit.
133
/:
~ environment; ~ to cause harm to the environment.
district; county; ~ circuit court; ~ district judge.
recoupment; ~ recoupment of capital investments.
to pay off.
call money; money at call.

/
on call.
/
danger; menace; threat; () hazard; ~ danger of damage; ~ traffic risk; ~ increased danger;
~ potential danger; ~ to be out of danger; ~ to avert danger; ~ to endanger; ~
community danger; ~ source of increased danger.
/
dangerous; hazardous; risky; ~oe dangerous driving.
/
custody, custodianship; guardianship, trusteeship; tutorage; tutorship; ward; ~ tutorship by nature; ~
guardianship; ~ trusteeship over minors; ~ tutorship by a will; ~
provisional custody; ~ joint trusteeship; ~y to place in ward; ~ to be in smb's custody;
~y to place the territory under the trusteeship; ~ termination of guardianship; ~
termination of guardianship; ~ removal of guardianship; ~ establishment of guardianship.
guardian; custodian; tutor; caretaker; ( ) trustee; ~ custodian by will; ~ testamentary

guardian; ~ guardian by appointment of the court; ~ guardian by nature; ~ tutor-at-law; ~
appointing a guardian; ~ releasing a guardian from performance of obligations.
tutorial; ~ board of trustees.
guardianship; custodianship; custody; trusteeship; ward.
operational; operative; ~ operative management/administration.

/
operation; () transaction; ~ banking facilities; ~ barter operation; ~ exchange business;
~ currency transactions; ~ foreign trade transactions; ~ collections operations; ~
mortgaging; ~ commercial transactions; ~ agency operation; ~ clearing transactions;
~ rescue operations; ~ financial facilities; ~ futures transactions; ~
performance of an operation; ~ making of an operation.
134
sealing.
to place under a seal; to seal up.

/
description; ~ technical manual; ~ to answer a description; ~ by description.
inventory; distraint, distrainment, distress; ~ inventory of attached property; ~ to draw up an inventory.

/
payment, pay; ( ) redemption; () reimbursement; () remuneration; ~ payment for
shares; ~ payment in foreign currency; ~ prompt payment; ~ repayment of a debt; ~
payment of costs; ~ payment of a commission; ~ utilities payments; ~ overtime
pay; ~ payment for labour; ~ payment by a letter of credit; ~ guaranteed payment; ~ full
payment; ~ progress payment; ~ advance payment, prepayment; ~ bonus payment;
~ timely payment; ~ payment by the piece; ~ partial pay; ~y to withhold payment;
~ to be due; ~y to suspend payment; ~ refusal of payment; ~ procedure for
payment for work; ~ form of payment; ~ payable in cash; ~ payable on delivery.
to pay; to remunerate.
false step; oversight; () negligence.
to identify.
/
identification; ~ personal identification; ~ false identity; ~ legal identity; ~ mistaken identity;
~ to present for identification.
/
opposition.
adversary; opponent.
justification; absolution; rehabilitation; vindication.
excusable; excusatory; exculpatory; ~ acquittal; judgement of acquittal.
to justify; to acquit; to absolve; to palliate; ~ to acquit the innocent.
determination; () evaluation, assessment; () decision, ruling; ~ determination of a guilt; ~ statutory

definition; ~ cumulative punishment; ~ o judgement of
dismissal; ~ determination of responsibility; ~ income tax assessment; ~
135
determination of compensation; ~ determination of benefits; ~ loss assessment; ~

judicial determination; ~ bail determination; ~ determination of damage; ~ intermediate judgement;
~ to issue a judicial determination; ~ to come within the definition.
to define; to designate; () to determine; () to specify; ~ to determine a penalty; ~ to

determine a penalty; ~ to assess damages.
to confute; to disprove; () to retort; ~ to disprove the defence; ~ to disprove the

prosecution; ~ to disprove the evidence; ~ to overcome a presumption.
/
refutation, contradiction; disproof; ~ official contradiction; ~ procedure for refutation; ~ to issue a
denial.
inquiry; poll; interrogation; questioning; ~ field interview; ~ interrogation of witnesses;

~ interrogatories.
publication; ~ publication of a law; ~ publication of periodic reports.
option; ~ option of exchange; ~ double option.
experience; ~ collective experience; ~ commercial experience; ~ accumulated experience;

~ practical experience; ~ previous experience; ~ production experience;
~ administrative experience; ~ to use experience; ~ to accumulate experience;
~ to share the experience; ~ to gain experience.
/
drunkenness; intoxication; ~ advanced state of intoxication; ~ voluntary drunkenness; ~
involuntary drunkenness; ~ in a state of alcoholic intoxication.
body, agency, organ; authority; ~ body of legislative power; ~ body of executive power;
~ body of local self-government; ~ supervisory body; ~ agency of
guardianship and tutelage; ~ tribunal; ~ social insurance agency; ~ law-enforcement
agency; ~ bodies of state power; ~ administrative body; ~
antimonopoly agency; ~ court of appeal; ~ budget authority; ~ highest body; ~
highest judicial body; ~ state agency; ~ executive body; ~ collegial body;
~ competent body; ~ advisory body; ~ control body; ~ coordinating
body; ~ licensing body; ~ municipal bodies; ~ supervisory body; ~
taxation bodies; ~ governmental body; ~ law-enforcement body; ~
investigating authority; ~ judicial body; ~ federal body; ~ financial body; ~ fiscal
body; ~ economic body.
136
organizer, sponsor.
/
agency; organization; ~ unincorporated organization; ~ auditing organization; ~
state-financed organization; ~ foreign trade organization; ~ higher authority; ~ lead agency;
~ commercial organization; ~ credit institution; ~ international organization; ~
municipal body; ~ non-commercial organization; ~ non-governmental organization;
~ subordinate agency; ~ public organization; ~ agency; ~ construction organization;
~ sales organization; ~ transport organization; ~ sponsoring agency; ~ selfsustained organization.
/
organized; ~ organized crime.
to organize.
order, warrant; ~ warrant of arrest; ~ warrant of seizure; ~ warrant of search; ~ bearer

warrant; ~ valid order/warrant; ~ invalid order/warrant; a ~ irregular order/warrant;
~a issue of a warrant; ~ to serve a warrant.
instrument; tool; ~ criminal instrument.

/E
arms; weapons; ~ a mass-destruction weapons; a ~ bacteriological weapon; ~
firearm; ~ cold weapon; ~ nuclear weapon; a a ~ to charge with
unlawful possession of a firearm; a ~ arms supply; ~ trade in arms.
informant; informer; a ~ secret informer.
cognizance; knowledge; a ~ judicial cognizance.
examination; inspection; ~ to examine.
to release, to relieve, to acquit; to discharge; to dismiss; ~ a to discharge from duty; ~

a to redeem property; ~ aa to discharge from office; ~ to exonerate from
an accusation; ~ o to uncharge; ~ aa to acquit/to discharge from a commitment; ~ a to
exonerate from a surety; ~ a to exempt from taxes.
exemption, release, dismissal, discharge; ~ discharge of officials; ~ debt relief; ~ exemption from
taxes; ~ release from obligations; ~ discharge from responsibility; ~ exemption from
payment; ~ exemption from customs duties; ~ relief from a fine; ~ early
discharge; - ~ parole; ~ conditional discharge.
137
desecration; ~ desecration of the graves.
to desecrate.
offensive.
insult; affront; ~ assault and battery; ~ defamation; ~ affront; ~ great insult; ~ slander;
to insult; to offend; to affront.
inspection, examination; ~ examination of material evidence; ~ damage survey; ~

inspection of premises;~ inspection of the insured property; ~ sampling inspection;
~ external inspection; ~ preventive inspection; ~ customs inspection; ~
to make an examination of the goods.
OCHOB/A
basis, foundation; ~ fundamental principles of legislation; ~ basis of a contract; ~ bases of
the legal order; ~ basis of an agreement; ~ contractual basis; ~ long-term basis; ~
legal foundation; ~ economic basis; ~y to lay the foundation; ~e to be the basis;
~e on a mutually advantageous basis; ~e on a contractual basis; ~e on a reciprocal
basis; ~e on a commission basis.
/
foundation; establishment; () ground; cause; reason; ~ reasoning of a judgement; ~
cause for an appeal; ~ cause for a complaint; ~ cause for disqualification; ~ basis of
refusal; ~ cause for an action; ~ cause for nullity; ~ cause for a
divorce; ~ basis for liquidation of a company; ~ sufficient ground; ~ statutory ground;
~ legal ground; ~ legal ground; ~ to act with the authority of law; ~
on the basis of a power of attorney; ~ on the basis of a law; ~ on the basis of a judgement.
/O
basic; fundamental; underlying; primary; principal; ~ operative part of a treaty; ~ principal contract; ~
principal debtor; ~ basic suit; ~ fundamental law; ~ fundamental rights and duties
of citizens; ~ fundamental freedoms; ~ fixed assets; ~ fundamental conditions of delivery.
/
particular; peculiar; special; ~oe special opinion; ~oe special proceeding.
conscience; consciousness.
dispute; challenge; ~ dispute of a contract; ~ dispute of a patent.
to dispute; to challenge; ~ to challenge legally; ~ to challenge a claim; ~ to contest a patent right; ~

to contest a right; ~ to impeach a transaction.
138
challengeability, challenge; voidability; ~ challenge of identification; ~ ,

invalidity of a transaction concluded under the influence of an error.
challengeable; voidable.
OCTAT/OK
remainder; balance; ~ outstanding debt; ~ residue of the term ; ~ to return the remainder.
to adjudicate; to accuse; to charge; to condemn; to convict; ~ to convict the wrong man.
() conviction; condemnation; ~ reconviction; ~ suspended sentence/probation.
convict; convicted criminal; ~, convict at large; ~ convicted of drug possession.
execution; fulfilment; implementation; exercise; ( ) enforcement; ~ exercise of civil rights; ~

c exercise of discipline; ~ fulfilment of a contract; ~ exercise of control; ~ administration of
justice; ~ execution of entrepreneurial activity.
to execute; to fulfil; to implement; to realize; to exercise; ~ to exercise appellate jurisdiction; ~ to

exercise one's right; ~ to exercise justice.
to serve; ~ to serve a sentence.
to reject; to repulse; to refuse; ~ to repudiate a charge.
answer, reply; response; ~ replication; ~ answer to a request; ~ official reply;

~e to be responsible; ~ to give an answer; ~ to receive an answer; ~y to call to account.
/
responsibility; liability; accountability; ~ contractual liability; ~ statutory liability; ~
liability of a guarantor to a beneficiary; ~ liability of a trustee; ~
responsibility of officials; ~ , liability for harm caused by a means of transport; ~
liability for actions; ~ liability of a pledger; ~ liability of a pledgee; ~ liability of
infringement; ~ liability for violation of obligations for carriage; ~
liability for violation of times of execution of work; ~
liability for violation of requirements of the law on environmental protection; ~ liability
for non-performance of a monetary obligation; ~ responsibility for inadequate execution of
an obligation; ~ liability for failure to protect property; ~ responsibility for damage; ~
liability for overdue payment of rent; ~ liability for damages; ~ liability for damage; ~
liabilities to creditors; ~ third party liability; ~ liability for debts; ~
amenability in respect of a suit; ~ liability for obligations; ~ liability for
139
the obligations of a joint-stock company; ~ liability for the obligations of a legal person; ~
liability for carriage; ~ liability of a surety; ~ liability for transactions; ~ successor
liability; ~ liability of the parties; ~ management responsibility; ~ secondary liability;
~ outright liability; ~ civil iability; - ~ civil liability; ~ pecuniary liability;
~ disciplinary responsibility; ~ property liability; ~ personal responsibility; ~
material accountability; ~ limited liability; ~ personal responsibility; ~ increased responsibility;
~ professional responsibility; ~ joint responsibility; ~ joint and several liability;
~ subsidiary liability; ~ financial liability; ~ legal liability; ~ to take upon oneself responsibility;
~ to entail a liability; ~ to lay responsibility; e ~ to bear no responsibility; ~ to bear
responsibility; ~ to be liable in damages; ~ to be liable on a contract; ~ to exempt
from a liability; ~ to shift responsibility; ~ to call to account; ~ to evade responsibility;
~ exemption from a liability; ~ within personal responsibility; ~ distribution of liability;
~ distributing liability in proportion to contributions; ~ degree and
character of responsibility; ~ insurance of the risk of liability for obligations; ~
increase in liability; ~ conditions of subsidiary liability; ~ with limited liability.
defendant; ~ defendant in court; ~ appellee; ~ defendant in a law suit; ~ statement of the

defence; ~ acquitted defendant; ~ to be a defendant in court; ~a to
obligate the defendant to terminate activity; ~a to obligate the defendant to suspend activity.
to answer; to reply; to be in charge; to be liable/responsible; ~ to comply with law.
diversion; ~ diversion of circulating assets; ~ diversion of natural economic

resources.
challenge; objection; ~ challenge to an arbitrator; ~ peremptory challenge; ~ objection to a

juror; ~ principle challenge; ~ challenge of a witness; ~ challenge to a judge; ~
challenge for cause; ~ to file an objection; ~ to resolve a challenge; ~ to sustain a
challenge.
excuse; pretext.
to ship; to dispatch.
/
shipment; ~ shipment under a contract; ~ shipment of a consignment of goods; ~ shipment of
goods; ~ delayed shipment; ~ immediate shipment; ~ overdue shipment; ~ express
shipment; ~ partial shipment; ~ to cancel shipment; ~ to suspend shipment; ~
delay in shipment; ~ port of shipment; ~ completion of shipping documents; ~e instructions on
shipment.
140
( . .) return; ( ) payoff.
department; division; office; bureau; ~ delivery department; ~ registry office; ~

criminal department; ~ economic crimes department; ~ sales
department; ~ supply department.
1. () division; section; department; () branch; 2. () separation; secession; ~ branch bank; ~ branch;

branch office.
() revocation; recall; ( ) countermand; () judgement; opinion; ~ recall of a letter of

credit; ~ revocation of an acceptance; ~ withdrawal of a bill; ~ recall of a deputy; ~ withdrawal
of a power of attorney; ~ recall of a document; ~ withdrawal of an application; ~ withdrawal of an action; ~
recall of a licence; ~ revocation of an offer; ~ withdrawal of authority; ~ recall of a judge; ~
revocation of a cheque; ~y to be subject to recall.
to recall; to revoke; to withdraw; ~ to recall a diplomatic representative; ~ to revoke

authority; ~ to recall a judge.
() rejection; declining; refusal; () withdrawal; (, ) denial; dismissal; abandonment, waiver;

() denunciation; ~ dismissal of a licence; ~ refusal of a patent; ~
refusal to pay out monetary funds; ~ refusal of state registration; ~ dismissal of a claim;
~ refusal of payment of a cheque; ~ dismissal of review; ~ refusal of
payment; ~ refusal of a loan; ~ refusal of registration; ~ dismissal
of appeal; ~ refusal to satisfy the claims; ~ refusal to compensate; ~
renunciation of fulfilment of an obligation; ~ refusal to give evidence; ~
repudiation of a contract; ~ waiver of immunity; ~ withdrawal of a suit; ~ renunciation of
succession by an heir; ~ conscientious objection; ~ denial of a liability; ~ ~
renunciation of a legal title; ~ non-acceptance; ~ relinquishment of property;
~ voluntary abandonment; ~ testamentary refusal; ~ motivated refusal;
~ unfounded refusal; ~ justified refusal; unilateral refusal; ~
statutory disclaimer; ~e to declare one's refusal; ~a grounds for refusal; ~a cause for rejection;
~e decision to dismiss an action.
to refuse; to reject; to withdraw; to deny; ( ..) to abandon; to disclaim; waive; () to denounce; ~

to withdraw from a contract; ~ to waive immunity; ~ to renounce succession as an heir; ~
to deny iability; ~ to deny a liability; ~ to waive one's right of appeal; ~
to waive a jury trial; ~ to abandon a case.
141
1. to defer; to adjourn; to delay; to postpone; to suspend; 2. () to save; to reserve; ~ to adjourn the court; ~
e to defer payments.
() refusal, rejection; denial; dismissal; non-acceptance; ( ) deviation, diversion; divergence; ( )

digression; ~ dismissal of an appeal; ~ rejection of a bill; ~ dismissal of a claim; ~ rejection of
a cassation; ~ rejection of an offer; ~ rejection of a claim; ~ refusal of a petition.
to dismiss; to refuse; to deny; to reject; ~ to dismiss an appeal; ~ to refuse an application; ~ to dismiss a claim; ~
to vote down an amendment; ~ to dismiss a claim.
1. to open; to start; 2. () to disclose; to reveal; 3. (, . .) to establish; to set up.
1. opening; beginning; commencement; 2. (, ) establishment; setting up; starting;~ opening of a letter of

credit; ~ opening of an auction; ~ opening of a bank account; ~ commencement of inheritance;
~ opening of a business; ~ opening of a representative office; ~ opening session; ~
opening of court proceedings; ~ opening of an account; ~ opening of tenders.
/
open; overt; ~oe open joint-stock company; ~oe open court; ~oe
public trial.
cancellation, annulment, revocation; abolition, abrogation; waiver; ~ withdrawal of an attachment; ~

abolition of currency restrictions; ~ cancellation of a penalty; ~ revocation of a power of attorney;
~ revocation of a will; ~ cancellation of an order; ~ abolition of a law; ~ suspension of privileges; ~
abolition of a tax; ~ cancellation of an order; ~ abolition of privileges; ~ cancellation of a
sanction; ~ reversal of a judgement; ~ lifting of trade barriers.
to cancel; to abolish; to annul; to revoke; to withdraw; ~ to set aside an award; ~ to revoke a

power of attorney; ~ to revoke a will; ~ to reverse a judgement.
OTMETK/A
notation; () mark; ~ notation on refusal of payment; ~ note of registration; ~ to make a
notation.
/
laundering; ~ laundering of money.
to launder; ~ to launder money.

/
attitude; treatment; relation; relationship; ~ administrative relations; ~ mutually beneficial
relations; ~ bilateral relations; ~ business relations; ~ fiduciary relations; ~
contractual relations; ~ property relations; ~ competitive relationship; ~
142
international relations; ~ tax relations; ~ legal relations; ~ blood relations; - ~

commodity monetary relations; ~ trade relations; ~ labour relations; ~ financial relations;
- ~ to enter into relations; ~ to maintain relations; ~ to develop relations; ~ to break
off relations; ~ to regulate relations; ~x to be in contractual relations; ~ as for/with regard
to/in relation to.
sender; (a) shipper, consigner; ( ) remitter.

/
sending, dispatch; forwarding; shipment; shipping; ~ air freight shipment; ~ containerized
shipment; ~ shipment by sea; ~ shipment on consignment; ~ dispatch by railway; ~
mailing; ~ prompt shipment; ~y to ship/to dispatch.
1. departure; 2. () exercise, performance; administration; ~ administration of arbitration; ~

exercise of duties; ~ administration of justice; ~ legal obstruction.
to dispatch; to send; to ship; () to administer; ~ to perform religious rites.
leave; holiday; vacation; ~ leave without pay; ~ leave for pregnancy and
childbirth; ~ administrative leave; ~ maternity leave; ~ unused leave;
~ paid leave; ~ annual leave; ~ to take a leave; ~ to grant a leave.
holiday pay.
intoxication; poisoning; ~ alcoholic intoxication; ~ acute poisoning.
to poison.
denial; negation; ~ general denial.
to deny; to negate.
monitoring, tracking; ~ - auditor trail.
() to postpone, to defer; () to prolong, to extend. /

postponement, delay; deferral; deferment; ~ deferral of payment; ~ postponement of performance of
an obligation; ~ suspension of execution; ~ respite of a penalty; ~ tax
deferral; ~ tax deferral ; ~ deferment of payment of arrears; ~
delay of the sale of pledged property; ~ further delay; ~ rejournment; ~
to obtain a stay of execution; ~y to grant a deferred payment;
~e to grant a stay of execution.
143
/
resignation; dismissal; discharge; ~e to offer one's resignation; ~y to accept smb's resignation.
( ) dismissal, discharge, removal; () suspension; ~ legal removal.

OTCTPAH
( ) to dismiss, to discharge; to remove from office; () to suspend.
1. ( -) recession; abandonment; 2. () deviation; departure; ~ recession from a contract; ~

departure from instructions; ~ deviation from the terms of a contract.
/,
compensation; cancellation penalty; smart money; ~ amount of smart money; ~ as a cancellation penalty/as smart
money.
/
1. absence; 2. () deficit; lack, want; non-availability; shortage; ~ absence of a crime in the act;
~ lack of funds; ~ unenforceability; ~ absence of breaches of a
contract; ~ lack of authority; ~ in the absence; ~ in the absence of instructions.
to send; to dispatch; to forward.
dispatch; forwarding; shipment.
outflow; ~ outflow of currency; ~ flow of capital abroad.
waste; ~ domestic waste; ~ harmful waste; ~ industrial waste; ~ radioactive waste;

~ toxic waste.
patricide.
patricide.
paternity; ~ to affiliate.
account, report; record; statement; ~ report on the activity; ~ audit report; ~ balance sheet;
~ accounting report; ~ annual report; ~ quarterly report; ~ interim report;
~ consolidated report; ~ verbatim record; ~ financial statement; ~ to give an
account.
/
accounts; reporting; ~ financial statements; ~ annual financial reporting; ~ tax reporting;
~ periodic reporting; ~ fraudulent financial reporting; ~ financial reporting.
144
stepfather.
/
allocation, assignment; allotment; ~ payments to the budget; ~ transfer to the fund of an enterprise; ~
provision for taxation.
to account; to report.
alienability.
alienable; ( ) negotiable.
alienator; assignor.
to alienate; to estrange; to expropriate.

/
() alienation; disposition; estrangement; transfer; () condemnation; confiscation, expropriation; ~
foreclosure; ~ strict foreclosure; ~ alienation of a land plot; ~
alienation of property; ~ alienation of immovable property; ~ alienation for compensation;
~ illicit alienation; ~ compulsory p urchase/condemnation/confiscation; ~ deed of conveyance; ,
~ alienee; ~ alienation clause.
aggravation; ~ aggravation of a guilt.
offerer; offeror.
/
offer, offering; tender; ~ public offer; ~y to address an offer; ~ to accept an offer; ~ to
reject an offer; ~ to revoke an offer; ~ to make an offer; ~ offeree; ~ acceptance of an offer;
~ irrevocability of an offer; ~ lapse of an offer; ~ revocation of an offer; ~ terms
and conditions of an offer.
/
formal; official; ~oe official statement; ~oe formal notice; ~ official exchange rate; ~
official visit; ~ official representative.
execution, issuance; drawing up; () registration; ~ execution; ~ making up of an order; ~

execution of an application; ~ formalization of a collection operation; ~ notarization; ~
written execution; ~ customs clearance.
to execute; to registrate.
145
/
protection, security; safeguard; safeguarding; () guard; guarding; ~ protection of life and health; ~
health protection; ~ protection of property; ~ protection of interests; ~
protection of confidentiality of information; ~ protection of motherhood; ~ protection of
personal and property rights; ~ maintenance of a public order; ~ protection of the
environment; ~ protection of rights; ~ consumer protection; ~ protection of nature; ~
custody of property; ~ protection of labour.
security; guard.
to guard; to protect; to safeguard.

/
appraisal, evaluation, rating, valuation; ~ valuation of assets, asset pricing; ~ evaluation of a contribution; ~
assessment of cargo; ~ evaluation of evidence; ~ appraisal of property; ~ evaluation of
patentability; ~ evaluation of solvency; ~ evaluation of experts' findings; ~ accounting
valuation; ~ monetary evaluation; ~ overestimation; ~ cadastral evaluation; ~
impartial assessment; ~ official estimate; ~ wrong estimate; ~ preliminary estimate;
~ insurance valuation; ~ to evaluate/to assess; ~ to make a valuation; ~ appraisal report.
appraiser; ~ evaluator of immovable property; ~ general appraiser.
eyewitness.
apparent; obvious; evident.

/
priority; order of priority; sequence, ranking; ~ priority of debts; ~ order of payments; ~
ranking of claims; ~ order of satisfaction of claims; ~ in order of priority.
/:
~ confrontation; ~ to confront.
to be at fault; to make an error.

/
error, mistake; blunder; () inaccuracy; () fault; ~ accounting error; ~,
culpable error; ~ error of law; ~ error in rem; ~ error in calculation; ~ error in a
judgement; ~ error in a fact; ~, reversible error; ~ permissible error;
~ corrigible fault; ~ medical blunder; ~ irretrievable mistake; ~ error of law;
~ error of a law; ~ substantial error; ~ actual error; ~ formal error; ~
ignorance of law; ~ to make an error; ~ to admit; ~ to consider a judicial error;
~ to correct an error.
146
mistaken; erroneous; faulty.
(~)
/
share, stake, interest; ~ interest in shares; ~ initial share; ~ transfer of a share;
~ right to receive a share; ~ to pleadge interest in shares.
packet, parcel, () block; ~ controlling block of shares; ~ financial package;

~ to have a controlling interest.
covenant; pact; ~ non-aggression pact.
( ) house; chamber; () house; chamber; office; ~ banker's clearing house;

~ ward; () ~ higher chamber; ~ lower chamber; ~ chamber of commerce; chamber of commerce and industry.
executioner; hangman.
initialling; ~ initialling of a contract.
to initial.
bet; wager; ~ to lay a bet; to wager.
parity, par, par value; ~ to upset parity; ~ to maintain parity.
parliament; ~ bicameral parliament; ~ unicameral parliament; ~ federal parliament;

~a meeting (session) of parliament; ~a member of parliament; ~ to dissolve parliament; ~ to
convene parliament.
parliamentarian.
/
parliamentary; ~ parliamentary commission; ~ parliamentary immunity; ~ interpellation; ~oe
parliamentary majority.
1. () party; 2. () batch; consignment; parcel; installment; lot; ( ) shipment;

~ seized consignment; ~ ruling party.
147
partner; associate; companion; (no ) cotrustee; ~ c limited

partner; ~ business partner; ~ equal partners; ~ trading partner.
partnership; ~ limited partnership; ~ trading partnership.
passport; () certificate; ~ foreign passport; ~ expired passport; ~ service passport;

~ technical certificate; ~a passport number; ~ to issue a passport.
stepchild; stepson.
patent; ~ letter of denization; ~ patent on an invention; ~ cancelled patent;

~ granted patent; ~ valid patent; ~ foreign patent; ~ invalid patent; ~
incontestable patent; ~ home patent; ~ contestable patent; ~ void patent; ~ax patent
law; ~ patent protection; ~ patent application; ~ invalidity of a patent.
patentee; patent holder.
cartridge; () boss; ~ service cartridge.
patronage; ~ under patronage.
patrol; patrolling; ~ to patrol.
to be on patrol; to patrol.
patrol; ~ police patrol.

/
patrolling; ~ patrol car.
penitentiary.
pensioner.
pension; ~ pension fund.

/
pension; ~ long service pension; ~ disability pension; ~ old age pension; ~
individual pension; ~ power of attorney for the receipt of a pension; ~ to retire;
~ to index pensions; ~ to pension off.
148
/
fine, penalty; ~ to charge a fine; ~ to write off a fine.
1. () remittance; 2. ( ) transfer; ~ transfer of funds

by forged cheques; ~ transfer of a debt to another person; ~ transfer of rights; ~
transfer of rights and obligations; ~ transfer of the rights of the creditor to another person; ~
banker's transfer; ~ postal money transfer; ~ cable transfer; ~ in terms of dollars.
() to transfer; () to convert.
transferable; ~ transferable bill of exchange; ~ transferable cheque.
remitter.
payee; remittee.
/
carriage; transportation; conveyance; haul; shipment; shipping; ~ carriage by road; ~ cargo carriage; ~
passenger transportation; ~ air transportation; ~ carriage of goods by rail; ~
containerized shipping; ~ international carriage; ~ carriage of goods by sea; ~ mixed carriage;
~ carriage by land; ~ traffic in transit; ~ terms of carriage; ~ transportation services;
~ to pay carriage; ~ to handle transportation; ~ to pay for carriage of cargo.
carrier; ~ contractual carrier; ~ air carrier; ~ sea carrier; ~ overland carrier;

~ common carrier; ~ actual carrier; ~ private carrier.
reequipment, retooling.
revolution; upheaval; ~ coup d'etat.
re-elections; ~ to hold re-elections.

/
negotiations; talks; ~ high-level negotiations/summit talks; ~ disarmament negotiations; ~
negotiations on a wide range of issues; ~ bilateral negotiations; ~ diplomatic
negotiations; ~ backstage talks; ~ peace talks; ~ multilateral talks; ~ official
negotiations; ~ stage-by-stage negotiations; ~ preliminaries; ~ forthcoming negotiations;
~ lengthy talks; ~ trade negotiations; ~ completion of negotiations ; ~ outcome of
negotiations; ~ protocol of negotiations; ~ to carry on negotiations; ~ to enter into negotiations;
~ to complete negotiations; ~ to cancel negotiations.
149
AT
to pass; to hand over; (, ) to assign; to transfer; ~ to refer a case to the court; ~ to
delegate one's authority; ~ to assign property; transfer ownership.
/
transfer; passing; handing over; () assignment; conveyance; ~ transfer of assets; ~ transfer of shares (of
stocks); ~ transfer of possession; ~ transfer of property to a third party; ~
transfer of mortgage; ~ assignment of interest; ~ conveyance of title; ~ submission of a
dispute to arbitration; ~ transfer of technology; ~ gratuitous assignment; ~ not transferable.
/
assignment; transfer; , ~ power of attorney issued by way of transfer of powers; ~
procedure for transfer of a power of attorney; ~ by way of transfer of powers.
to transfer the trust; to delegate.
repawning; repledging; rehypothecation.
to repawn, to repledge.
to re-elect.
re-election; ~ re-eligibility.
/
movement; () transfer, transference; ~ capital transfer; ~ shift of the taxation burden;
~ limitations on the movement.
armistice; truce; ~ to conclude an armistice.
transfer rental; transfer of lease.
transfer, transference; postponement; ~ postponement of time.
restructuring; prolongation; ~ debt restructuring; ~ prolongation of a loan; ~ conveyance of

property.
revaluation; reassessment; ( ) overestimate; ~ revaluation of deposits; ~

reappraisal of the insured property.
/
correspondence; ~ business correspondence; ~ diplomatic correspondence; ~ private correspondence;
~ interdepartmental correspondence; ~ privacy of correspondence; ~y to conduct correspondence.
150
to resell.
sale; ~ factoring.
reapportionment; ~ redistribution of assets; ~ redistribution of income.
to reapportion.
overspending; overexpenditure; ~ overspending of the wages fund.
recalculation; () reappraisal; ~ to perform recalculation.
settler; emigrant; immigrant; migrant.
immigration; migration; resettlement.
to reconsider; to review; ~ to reconsider a case; ~ to reconsider a decision.
reconsideration; review; revision; ~ revision of an arbitral award; ~ ( ) reconsideration of a case; ~

revision of prohibitive duties; ~ debt rescheduling; ~
reconsideration of a judgement.
/
reassurance; reinsurance; ~ property reinsurance; ~ contract of reinsurance.
to reassure; to reinsure.
recalculation; () conversion; rate; ~ conversion of currency; ~e in terms of dollars.
transfer; remittance; forwarding; ~ remittance of money through a bank.
to assign; to cede.
/
() cession; assignment; transfer; ~ assignment clause; ~ assignment of a contract; ~ transfer
of liabilities; ~ assignment of a right; ~ absolute assignment.
taking inventory; () rediscount; ~ rediscount of a bill.
151
() devolution; transfer; ~ foreclosure; ~

transfer of ownership; ~ transfer of rights of a creditor to another person; ~
transfer of a risk of damage or loss.
list; ~ list of debts; ~ order list; ~ list of expenses; ~ list of assets; ~ tax book; ~
list of obligations; ~ list of services.
( ) transfer; remittance; ~ transfer of monetary funds; ~ transfer of payments;

~ cashless transfer of funds.
period; term; time; ~ payment period; ~ period allowed for appealing; ~ period of
guarantee; ~ contract period; ~ trial period.
perusal; opening and inspection of correspondence.
personnel; staff; ~ administrative personnel; ~ diplomatic personnel; ~ auxiliary

personnel; ~ operating personnel; ~ executive personnel.
/
petition; ~ to present a petition.
/
seal; ~ departmental stamp; ~ official stamp; ~ state seal; ~ seal of an office;
~ official seal; ~ forged seal; ~ placing of a seal; ~ under a seal.
pedestrian.
destrian.
picket.
picketing.
picketer.
pirate.
piracy; ~ air piracy.
letter; ~ letter of commitment; ~ business letter; ~ acknowledgement of debt; ~ registered

letter; ~ letter of deposit; ~ confidential letter; ~ official letter; ~ letter
152
of introduction; ~ cover letter; ~ letter of advice; ~ insured letter; ~ circular

letter; ~ to send a letter.
plagiarism; plagiary.
plagiarist; plagiary.
plan; programme; () schedule; ~ budget programme; ~ buy~ out plan; ~ state plan.
pay; payment; ~ charge for delivery; ~ tuition fee; ~ fare; ~ hire; ~

reduced charge; ~ payment according to the tariff; ~ lumpsum payment; ~ rent; ~ pay.
payment; settlement; ~ payment in advance; ~ payment on a clearing basis; ~ additional

payment; ~ to defer payment; ~ to obtain payment; ~y to present for payment; ~ to
default; ~ to make payment.
ability to pay; paying capacity; solvency; ~ capacity of a bank to meet its liabilities.
able to pay; solvent.

/
payment; ~ pay-roll; ~oe payment commitment; ~oe payment commission; ~oe means
of payment; ~ payment document; ~ payment transactions.
payer; ~ taxpayer.
to pay; ~ to pay on time; ~ to pay in cash; ~ to meet one's obligations; ~ to settle the
account; ~ to pay through a bank.
plebiscite; ~ to hold a plebiscite.
captivity; ~ captive.
/
seal; ~ customs seal; ~y to place a seal.
beating; ~ to take a beating.

/
behavior; conduct; ~, disorderly behaviour; ~ proper behaviour; ~
indecent behaviour; ~ unlawful behaviour.
agent; attorney, procurator, proxy, solicitor; ~ charge d'affaires; ~ attorney at law.

153
/
notice; notification; subpoena; summons; writ; ~ agenda; ~ subpoena/summons/writ; ~
interim agenda; ~ revised agenda; ~y to serve a notice; ~ to remove from the agenda.
duty; obligation; service.
to obey.
obedience.
damage; harm; impairment; injury; defect; failure; fault; ~ damage to the cargo; ~ actual bodily harm ;
~ grave bodily harm.
insurgent.
( ) promotion; rise, increase; ~ increase in earnings; ~ improvement of the standard of living; ~

increase in wages; ~ rise in the exchange rate; ~ tax increase; ~ to be promoted; to get a
promotion.
repayment; paying off, discharge, settlement, redemption; ~ repayment of a debt; ~ redemption of a loan; ~ credit
repayment; ~ settlement of liabilities.
frontier guard.
/
boundary; frontier; ~ frontier zone; ~ boundary regime.
/
loading; shipment; ~ early of time loading; ~ loading in containers; ~y to load; ~y
to terminate loading.
( . .) to file; to make; to present; ~ to file an appeal; ~ to file a request; ~ to file an application; ~

to file a claim.
suppression; repression.
to suppress; to repress.
/
( . .) presentation, filing; () supply, provision; ~ filing an appeal; ~ lodgement of a
complaint; ~ a filing of a claim; ~ submission of a cassation; ~ submission of a tax declaration; ~
submission of a proposal.
154
AT
to subject; to expose; to submit; ~ to impose a penalty; ~ to expose to danger.
to be subjected; to be exposed; to be submitted; ~ , to be subjected to a cruel and inhuman

treatment; ~ to be subjected to a penalty; ~ to be exposed to danger; ~
to be subjected to arbitrary interference with one's privacy or family; ~ to be subject to a fine.
jurisdiction; ~ jurisdiction over cases.
preparation; () training; ~ drafting of a bill; ~ report preparation; ~ preparation of

a draft contract; ~ legal and regulatory preparation.
citizen; subject; ~ natural-born citizen.
citizenship; nationality.
forgery; counterfeit; falsification; fake; ~ forgery of bank notes; ~ forgery of bills; ~ forgery of documents;
~ counterfeiting of smb's handwriting; ~ falsification of an account; ~ false marking; ~
forgery of securities; ~ forgery of a cheque; ~y to discover a forgery.
to counterfeit; to fake; to forge; ~ to fabricate a will; ~ to counterfeit a signature.
counterfeit; fabricated; false.
to back up; to support; to maintain; ~ to keep discipline; ~ to sustain a claim.

/
backing; support; aid; promotion; ~ support of small business; ~ support of small
enterprise; ~ budgetary support; ~ state backing; ~ credit backing; ~ material
support; ~ to give support; ~ to enjoy support.
bylaw; ~ executive order.
defendant.
bribery; graft; ( ) embracery; ~ bribery of officials;

~ judicial bribery.
to bribe; ( ) to embrace.
155
to be liable; to be subject; ~ to be repayable; ~ to be assessable; ~ to be dutiable;

~ to be subject to judicial control.
liable; subject; ~ administratively liable; ~ returnable; ~ liable to penalty; ~

- civilly liable; ~ litigious; ~ liable to a fine; ~
unappealable; ~ non-transferable.
original; script.
/
authenticity; genuineness; identity; ~ authenticity of a document; ~ genuineness of a signature; ~ authenticity
of a cheque; ~ to attest a signature; ceoe ~ legal identity.
authentic; genuine; original; ~ authentic document.
forgery; falsification; fake; sham; ~ to discover a counterfeit; ~ to commit a forgery.
false, forged, counterfeit, sham; ~ forged document.
subdemise; sublease; subrental; subtenancy; underlease; ~ to sublease/to underlet.
supposed criminal; suspect; suspected person.
to suspect; ~ to suspect of a crime.

E
suspicion; ~ reasonable suspicion.
() ward; () trust; ~ trust management of the property of a

ward.
accountability; ~ legal accountability.

/
accountable; ~ - to be accountable to.
to come, to fall; ~ to come within the purview/the operation of law; ~ to come within the
jurisdiction.
/
signature; signing; ~ signing of an act; ~ signing of a contract; ~ signing of a protocol; ~ signing
of an agreement; ~ to proceed to signature; ~ protocol of signature; ~ signing ceremony.
156
/
subscription; () bond; ( ) recognizance; ~ subscription to shares; ~ subscription to a
loan; ~ recognizance not to leave; ~ open subscription; ~ public offering; ~y to offer for
subscription.
subscriber; ~ subscriber for shares; ~ subscriber to a loan.
to sign; to undersign.
( -) to subscribe; ( ) to sign; to undersign; ( ) to countersign; ~ to subscribe

to the shares; ~ - to sign on behalf of smb.
/
signature; ~ authorized signature; ~ signature by proxy; ~ attested signature;
~ signature authenticated by a notary; ~ forged signature; ~ authentic
signature; ~ own signature; ~ authenticated signature; ~ facsimile signature;
~ to attest a signature; ~ to counterfeit a signature; ~ to countersign; ~ signed.
to assume; to imply; to presume; to suppose.

/
detail; particular; ~ bill of particulars.
() to discredit; to damage; ~ to damage smb's reputation.
contract; ~ team contract; ~ general contract; ~ government contract; ~

building agreement; ~ to contract; ~ to win a contract; ~a on contract terms.
contractor; contract holder, builder; ~ associate contractor; ~ general contractor; ~ independent

contractor; ~a to select a contractor; ~a act in the role of general contractor.
person under investigation.
eavesdropping; ( ) bugging; ~ legal eavesdropping; ~ illegal eavesdropping.
false; ~ false witness.
inciter; incendiary; instigator.
incitement; instigation; ~ subornation of perjury; ~ seduction from duty.
to incite; to induce; to instigate.

157
/
defendant; the accused; ~, prisoner on bail; ~ to appear for the
defendant; ~ to appear in the dock.
gnizance; judicial jurisdiction; () suability; ~ condition of being arbitrable; ~ -

matrimonial jurisdiction; ~ jurisdiction of the court of domicile; ~ administrative jurisdiction;
~ concurrent jurisdiction; ~ voluntary jurisdiction; ~ contractual jurisdiction; ~
jurisdiction in rem; ~ territorial jurisdiction.
subject to jurisdiction; amenable; cognizable; triable; ~ under the jurisdiction of the courts of general
jurisdiction; ~ amenable to a tribunal.
counting; calculation; estimation; ~ counting of votes; ~y by estimate.
falsified, juggled.
falsification; manipulation; garbling; ~ ballot-rigging.; abuse of figures ~ (,

.. ).
to affirm; to confirm; to sustain; ~ to confirm the price.
affirmation; confirmation; ~ confirmation of a guarantee; ~ acknowledgement of an order; ~ bank

confirmation; ~ documentary confirmation; ~ formal confirmation; ~ written confirmation.
obedience; submission; subordinancy; subordination.
subordination; ~ departmental affiliation.
subordinate; () subsidiary.
to obey; to submit; to be accountable; to be subject; to comply with; ~ to surrender to custody; ~ to comply

with the requirements.
( ) erasure, rubbing out.
fire; ~, incendiary fire.
donation; collection; endowment; gift; ~ gift to charity; ~ collection.

/
life; ~ lifetime rent; ~ lifetime support with maintenance; ~ life annuity.
158
permission.
to allow; to permit.
/
position; stand; ~ wait-and-see position; ~ civil stand; ~ key position; ~ official
position; ~ financial position.
infamy; disgrace; shame.
defame; disgrace; dishonour.
defamatory; discrediting.
to name; ~ to name in the contract.
catch; capture.
to capture; to catch.
/
evidence; testimony; witness; ( ) affidavit; ~ testimony of a victim; ~ evidence
for the defence; ~ evidence for the prosecution; ~ expert evidence; ~ to
bear evidence/to testify; ~ to hear evidence.
bailor.
bailee.
(a) settlement, discharge, reimbursement; cover; ~ covering of a deficit; ~ cover for a debt; ~
settlement of an account; ~ coverage of the short supply; ~ covering of expenditures; ~
insurance cover; ~ assets backing.
buyer; purchaser; shopper; customer; ~ foreign buyer; ~ large purchaser; ~ light buyer;
~ mala fide purchaser; ~ wholesale buyer; ~ solvent purchaser; ~ regular
customer; ~ potential buyer.
to buy; to purchase; ~ to buy on credit; ~ to buy on an installment plan; ~ to buy retail; ~ to buy
wholesale.
159
/
buying; purchase; ~ direct purchase; ~ buying on credit; ~ installment purchasing; ~
retail buying; ~ bargain; ~y purchase tax; ~ value of a purchase; ~ purchase sum.
to attempt; to encroach; ~ to attempt a suicide; ~ - to encroach on smb's rights.
attempt; encroachment; ~ attempted extortion; ~ attempt to commit a suicide.
polygamy.
policy; ~ life insurance policy; ~ general policy; ~ open cover; ~ named policy;
~ voyage policy; ~ mixed policy; ~ time policy; ~a cancellation of a policy;
~a giving of an insurance policy; ~a policy holder; ~a transfer of a policy;
~a term of a policy.
politician.
/
politics; policy; ~ antiinflationary policy; ~ antimonopoly policy; ~ budgetary policy;
~ foreign economic policy; ~ monetary policy; ~ discriminatory policy;
~ lending policy; ~ tax policy; ~ revenge-seeking policy; ~ reformist policy;
~ conciliating policy; ~ financial policy; ~ expansionist policy; ~y to pursue a policy.
political.
policeman; police officer.

/
police; ~ traffic police; ~ military police; ~ urban police; ~ railroad police;
~ criminal police; ~ private police; ~ police division; ~ police department. /
authority; power; terms of reference; procuration; warrant; proxy; ~ power of an arbitrator; ~,
authority conferred by law; ~ authority to issue a warrant; ~ authority to purchase;
~ administrative authority; ~ arbitrary authority; ~ constitutional authority; ~
apparent authority; ~ emergency powers; ~ ample (large, wide) powers; ~ division of
powers.
plenipotentiary; ~ plenipotentiary.
enjoying full rights.

/
sexual; ~e sexual perversion.
160
/
1. () conditions; 2. ( ) location; position; 3. () situation; ~ state of affairs; ~ provisions of a
treaty; ~ statutory provisions; ~ distress; ~ martial law; ~ official position;
~ statutory provision; ~ property position; ~ binding provision; ~ official standing;
~ legal position; ~ conjugal status; ~ official status; ~ social position; ~ financial position;
~ emergency state; ~ to improve the situation; ~ to aggravate the situation.
/
receiver; recipient; addressee; consignee; ~ welfare recipient; ~ consignee/receiver of
cargo; ~ recipient of funds; ~ credit recipient; ~ licensee;~ payee/remittee; ~ payee,
recipient of payment.
to get; to obtain; to receive; ~ to inherit; ~ to obtain a driver's licence; ~ to derive a profit.

/
receipt; acceptance; obtaining, acquisition; ~ acceptance of a bribe; ~ receipt of benefits; ~ receipt of cargo; ~
receipt of money;~ receipt of a contract; ~ receipt of payment; ~ profit-making; ~ to pay
on delivery; ~ to acknowledge receipt.
/
use; usage; utilization; enjoyment; possession; ~ use of monetary funds; ~
use of a land plot by right of lifetime inheritable possession; ~
use of land and other natural resources; ~ leasehold; ~ free use; ~ temporary
use; ~ exclusive use; ~ possession for life; ~ peaceful enjoyment of possessions;
~ restricted.
user; ~ registered user; ~ corporate user.
to use; to exercise; to enjoy.

/
clemency; mercy; pardon; remission; ~ to appeal for clemency.
to pardon; to remit.
assistant; ~ associate director; ~ commissioner's assistant; ~ assistant secretary; ~

presidential aide; ~ assistant judge.
/
aid; support; help; assistance; () relief; ~ disinterested aid; ~ mutual aid; ~ public
relief; ~ humanitarian aid; ~ medical aid; ~ legal aid; ~ food aid;
~ social aid; ~ ambulance and emergency medical service; ~ financial aid;
~ legal aid; ~ to apply for legal aid; ~ to give financial assistance.
to suffer; to undergo; ~ to suffer punishment; ~ to suffer damages.

161
to defame; to discredit.
attesting witness.
/
care; charge; custody; ~ parental custody.
/
custodian; guardian; trustee; tutor; ~ appointment of a trustee; ~
removal of a custodian from the performance of his duties.
/
guardianship; trusteeship; tutelage; tutorship; ward; ~a termination of trusteeship; ~a establishment of
trusteeship.
/
correction; amendment; ~ amendment to the budget law; ~ amendment to a contract;
~ constitutional amendment; ~ to introduce an amendment.
/
connivance; ~e with the connivance.
to connive.
defeat; ~ to suffer a defeat.

/E
censure; ~ expression of a censure.
pornographic.
pornography.
threshold; ~ low income poverty threshold.
vice; defect; flaw; ~ defect in a title; ~ () inherent defect.
to defame; to discredit.
viciousness; depravity; moral turpitude.
vicious; depraved; defective.
port; ~ port of discharge; ~ port of delivery; ~ port of registry; ~ free port.
162
outrage.
/
bail; pledge; ~ to bail; ~ bailable.
to charge; to order; to entrust; ~ - to consign a child to smb's care.
to stand security; to answer (for), to stand bail.

EH/
commission; mission; order; request; ~ banker's instructions; ~ collection order; ~ commission;
~ credit order; ~ payment order; ~ to execute an order; ~ to assign a mission.
/
bail; pledger; ~ guarantor of a bill; ~ security for a loan; ~ surety for an obligation; ~ cosurety.
-
underwriter.
/O
guarantee; pledge; voucher; warranty; bail; surety; ~ bank guarantee; ~ legal guarantee; ~ credit
guarantee; ~ personal guarantee; ~ written guarantee; ~ to act as security; ~a to exonerate
security.
damage; deterioration; spoilage; ~ damage to the goods; ~ spoilage of property.

/
order; () procedure; ~ public order; ~ to call to order; ~ to keep order;
~ law-enforcement officers; ~ legally.
message.
envoy; minister; ~ envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary.

/E
consequence; outcome; sequence; ~ probable consequences; ~ harmful consequences; ~ deleterious
consequences; ~ consequences in law; ~ financial implications; ~ legal consequences;
~ occurrence of consequences; ~ to entail legal consequences.
following; follow-up; subsequent; ~ subsequent pledge.
posthumous; post-mortem.
/
allowance; gratuity; benefit; grant; relief; ~ benefit in cash; ~ family allowance; ~
dependent's allowance; ~ education grant; ~ dole; ~ o maternity
163
allowance; ~ sick benefit; ~ disability benefit; ~ social service benefit;

~ mentary benefit; ~ allowance; ~ installation grant; ~ payment of a
severance allowance; ~ power of attorney for the receipt of an allowance; ~ to pay an
allowance; ~ to go on the dole; to be on grants; ~ to receive an allowance.
accessory; accomplice; abettor.
aiding and abetting; complicity.

/
ambassador; ~ ambassador at large; ~ ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary;
~ at the ambassadorial level.
/
ambassadorial; ~ ambassadorial law.
embassy.
agent, contact man; intermediary; mediator; broker; dealer; middleman.
t act as an intermediary; to intervene; to mediate.
intermediary; intermediate.
/O
agency; intermediation; mediation; ~e by the agency of.
/
supply; delivery; shipment; ~ delivery on credit; ~ delivery in settlement of a debt; ~
delivery on time; ~ state supplies; ~ delayed delivery; ~ incomplete delivery;
~ immediate delivery; ~ incomplete delivery; ~y to resume a delivery; ~y to delay a
delivery; ~y to secure a delivery; ~y to make a delivery; ~ against delivery.
to supply; to deliver; to ship.
provider; supplier.
resolution; decision; order; ~ to issue an order; ~ to execute an order.
to decide; to resolve.
sufferer; victim.
to suffer; ( ) to bear damages.

164
/
() incoming; entry; earnings; returns; ~ cash inflow; ~ revenue return; ~ receipt of orders; ~
inflow of applications ; ~ proceeds from loans; ~ return of duties; ~ currency earnings;
~ return of duties; ~ excess receipts; ~ total revenue.
O
encroachment; infringement; interference; offence; ~ offence to human dignity; ~
trespass to the person; ~ interference with smb's correspondence; ~ attack on smb's
honour and reputation.
to encroach; to entrench; to trespass; ~ - to encroach on smb's rights.
connivance.
to connive.
/
sufferer; injured; victim; ( ) defrauded; ~ injured party; ~ civil offence
victim; ~ accident victim; ~ victim of a fire; ~ disaster victim.
/
loss; waste; ~ loss of earnings; ~ loss of capital; ~ tax losses; ~ irrecoverable losses;
~ extraordinary losses; ~ to bear losses; ~ to prevent losses.
descendant; offspring; ~ direct descendant.
descendants; posterity; ~ line of ancestry.
consumer; user; ~ drug user; ~ large-scale consumer; ~ solvent consumer; ~ retail

consumer.
consumption; use; expenditure; ~ use of drugs; ~ electric power consumption.
to consume; to use.
/
requirement; demand; necessity; needs; want; ~ needs for money/cash requirements; ~ borrowing
requirements; ~ credit requirements; ~ personnel requirements; ~ labour requirement; ~
money requirement; ~ financial requirements; ~ emergency needs; ~
social needs; ~ to meet needs.
thief; () kidnapper.
t steal; () to kidnap.
165
stealing; theft; () kidnapping; ~ larceny; ~ common larceny; ~

statutory larceny.
handwriting; ~ handwriting identification.

/
tax; dues; duty; fee; toll; ~ excise; ~ antidumping duty; ~ arbitration fee; ~ import
duty; ~ export duty; ~ stamp duty; ~ government duty; ~ discriminating
duty; ~ prohibitive duty; ~ application fee; ~ retaliatory duty; ~
compensatory duty; ~ licence fee; ~ preferential duty; ~ notarial fee; ~
protective duty; ~ protective duty; ~ registration fee; ~ seasonal duty; ~
specific duty; ~ litigation fee; ~ customs duty; ~ transit duty; ~ to impose a duty;
~ to exempt from a duty; ~y to pay dues.
(~)
truth; verity.
/
rule; law; regulations; ~a rules of arbitration procedure; ~a auction rules; ~a rules of
the exchange; ~a accounting policies; ~a currency regulations; ~a provisional regulations;
~ working regulation; ~a uniform rules; ~a credit rules; ~a licence regulations;
~a tax regulations; ~a obligatory rules; ~ to comply with the rules; ~ to
defy the rules; ~ to lay down the rules of court procedure; ~ a subject
to the rules of.
accuracy; correctness, validity; soundness; ~ accuracy of tax calculations; ~ correctness of calculations.
ruler; ~ supreme ruler.

/
government; governmental; ~ civil service; ~ government bodies; ~ civil servant.
/
government; administration; ~ majority government; ~ minority government; ~ provisional
government; ~ democratic government; ~ duly elected government; ~ lawful
government; ~ transition government; ~ federal government; ~ to resign from the
cabinet; ~ to reshuffle the the government; ~ to overthrow the government; ~ to form
a new government.
board, administration, the management; ~ board of directors of a joint~ stock company; ~ bank
management; ~ board of directors.
166
/O
right; title; () law; ~ rights of a depositor; ~ right of possession; ~ right of
possession of immovable property; ~ right of redemption; ~ note issuing power; ~
issue of securities right; ~ voting right; ~ right of protection of one's citizens; ~
incorporeal right; ~ right of personal ownership; ~ personal right; ~
supervisory authority; ~ heirship/right of descent; ~ ,
right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness or disability; ~ right to appeal
against court decisions; ~ right to education; ~ right to rest and leisure; ~ right to
health protection; ~ () right to recovery; ~ right to legal
aid; ~ right to a counsel; ~ franchising right; ~ right
to recognition as a person before the law; ~ eminent domain; ~
right to equal pay for equal work; ~ right to freedom of residence; ~
right to a free choice of employment; ~ right to freedom of
peaceful assembly and association; ~ , right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; ~
right to freedom of belief; ~ right to social insurance; ~
right to a fair trial; ~ benefit of a counsel; ~ right to existence; ~
right to territorial integrity; ~ right to work; ~ right to privacy; ~
right to juridical equality; ~ right of an appeal; ~ right of a recall; ~ right of
substitution; ~ authority to sign; ~ share subscription right; ~ right of use;~
priority right, right of priority; ~ right of sale; ~ right of passage; ~ right of a protest; ~ right
of self-preservation; ~ right of free access; ~ right of assembly; ~ right of ownership; ~
right in action; ~ privilege of sanctuary; ~ lien; right of retention; ~ right of
membership; ~ corporate franchise; ~ right of jurisdiction; ~ copyright; ~ agency
right; ~ administrative law; ~ law of arbitral procedure; ~ banking law; ~
indubitable right; ~ right in rem/property right; ~ constitutional law; ~ civil right;
~ law of civil procedure; ~ judgement lien; ~ exclusive right; ~ codified
law; ~ law of conflict; ~ commercial law, commercial right; ~ conversion right;
~ constitutional right; ~ contractual law; ~ licence law; ~ personal right;
~ personal non-property right; ~ substantive right/substantive law; ~ international law;
~ monopoly right; ~ municipal right; ~ right of inheritance; ~ national law;
~ undivided interest; ~a non-property rights; ~ absolute power;
~ indubitable right; ~ inalienable right; ~ inalienable right; ~ security
right; ~ customary law; ~ law of contracts; ~ franchise; ~ disputed right; ~
patent law; ~ implicit right; ~ life interest; ~ priority right to purchase;
~ implicit right; ~ priority right, right of priority; ~ preferential right;
~ case law; ~ law of procedure; ~ public law; ~a equal rights; ~ market
law; - ~a socio-economic rights; ~ statutory law; ~ insurance law; ~ judicial
law; ~ law of customs; ~ commercial law; ~ law of employment; ~ criminal law; ~
private law; ~ to be vested with a right; ~ to avail oneself of a right; ~a
to restore one's rights; ~a to come into a legacy; ~a to defend one's rights; ~a to infringe
167
smb's rights; ~ to challenge a right; ~a to abandon a right; ~ to assign a right;

~ to entitle smb ; ~ to forfeit a right; ~a to encroach on smb's rights; ~a by right of.
jurist; lawyer.
jurisprudence; legal science.

/
legal; jural; juridical; juristic; ~ legal guarantee; ~ legal protection; ~ legal science; ~ legal
norm; ~ legal duty; ~ legal presumption; ~ ourse of law; ~ deterrent of law; ~
legal system; ~oe legal commitment; ~oe legal restraint; ~ legal act; ~ legal
document; ~ legislative framework; ~ legal controversy; ~ title.
rightfully; lawfully; legally.
lawfulness, rightfulness; () legitimacy.

/
legal; legitimate; justifiable; justified; lawful; ~oe lawful act; ~oe lawful commitment; ~oe lawful
demand.
/
authority; competence; power; warrant; ~ right to vote; ~ authority conferred by office; ~
legislative authority; ~ powers for the management of property; ~ administrative
powers; ~ real authority; ~ current powers; ~ delegated powers; ~
official powers; ~ constitutional authority; ~ competent authority; ~ formal power;
~ statutory authority; ~ apparent powers; ~ direct authority; ~
judicial powers; ~ to deprive of authority; ~ to authorize/to entitle.
competence; ~ competence of a witness.

/ authorized; competent; ~oe authorized use.
/
law violation; delict; delinquency; law-breaking; malefaction; malfeasance: misdeed; misdemeanour; offence; tort; wrong;
~ administrative offence; ~ civil violation; ~ malfeasance in office; ~ tax
violation; ~ to be liable in tort; ~ to commit a delict; ~ tort
action; ~ - tort of negligence.
infringer of the law; delinquent; law-breaker; malefactor; malfeasant; tortfeasor; transgressor; tresspasser; wrongdoer; offender.
holder of a right; franchiser; ~ secondary holder of a right; secondary franchiser.
legal foundation.
168
/
jural relation, legal relationship; ~ legal relations between the parties; ~ civil legal relations; ~
contractual relationship; ~ commercial legal relationship; ~ modification of legal relations; ~
termination of legal relations (relationship).
/
law-enforcement; law-enforcing; ~ law-enforcement authorities.
deprivation of rights; disability; disfranchisement; disqualification; incapacity; ~ criminal

incapacity.
/
law and order; legal order; rule of law; ~ violation of law and order; ~ bases of the legal order; ~
to ensure law and order; ~ to maintain law and order.
H
predecessor in a title; ~ legal predecessor.
successor; assignee; subsequent proprietor; transferee; ~ legal successor of a legal person;
~a obligations of a legal successor; ~a successor's liability; ~ to be the legal successor.
legal succession; succession in a title; ~ hereditary succession; ~ natural succession;

~ succession of choses in action.
/E
law enforcement; ~ flexible enforcement; ~ wrongful enforcement; ~ mandatory enforcement;
~ strict enforcement; ~ judicial enforcement; ~ enforcement proceedings; ~ domain of
law.
assertion of a right; claim; ~ civil demand; ~ false claim; ~ fraudulent claim; ~ fictitious
claim; ~ to file a claim.
feeling for law and order; juridical (legal) awareness (conscience); sense of justice.
/
ability to act; legal ability; capacity for rights; ~ administrative legal capacity; ~ civil legal capacity;
~ contractual capacity; ~ testamentary capacity; ~ legal capacity; ~ to
be marriageable; ~ to incapacitate.
competent; legally able.

/
legal personality; person before the law; ~ international personality; ~ separate personality;
~ recognition as a person before the law.
corporate; personable.
169
/
justice; judicial power; ~ preventive justice; ~ equal justice; ~ administered justice; ~
administration of justice; ~ to escape justice; ~ to go to the law; ~ to administer justice.
assignor.
privacy; ~ violation of privacy.

/
practice; practical experience; () procedure; ~ arbitration practice; ~ banking practice;
~ public practice; ~ business practice; ~ discriminatory practice; ~ fair
practices; ~ contractual practice; ~ legislative practice; ~ executive practice;
~ commercial practices; ~ licensing practices; ~ international practice; ~ tax
practice; ~ common practice; ~ restrictive practices; ~ practice of law; ~ judicial
practice; ~ practice of law; ~ to practise law.
preamble; ~ preamble to a treaty.
stay; ( ) tenure; tenure of office; ~ sojourn; ~ de-facto tenure; ~

de-jure tenure.
/
preventive; ~oe preventive custody.
to exceed; to be in excess; to surpass; ~ to exceed the limits of self-defence; ~ to

exceed the speed-limit.
excess; exceeding; () surplus; ~ excess of authority; ~ overdraft; ~ excess of powers; ~

exceeding the speed-limit; ~ judicial excess; ~ excess of jurisdiction.
to betray; to surrender; ~ to bring before the court.
(-) committal; ~ committal for trial.

/
preliminary; provisional; tentative; ~ preliminary agreement; ~ preliminary consultation; ~oe
preliminary conclusion; ~oe preliminary inquest; ~ preliminary negotiations.
bias; preconception; prejudice; prejudicial view.
biassed; preconceived; prejudged; prejudiced.
170
limit; limitation; ceiling; ~ deficit margin; ~ debt limit; ~ lending limit; ~,

limit established by a statute; ~a exceeding the limit; ~ to go beyond competence.
P
to propose; to suggest; to make an offer.
excuse; pretence; pretext; ~ on the ground.
proposal; proposition; suggestion; offer; tender; ~ offer without obligation; ~, legally

enforceable offer; ~ counter-offer; ~ profitable proposition; ~ valid offer; ~ business
proposition; ~ excessive supply; ~ competitive offer; ~ initial offering; ~
preliminary proposal; ~ to annul an offer; ~ to revoke an offer; ~ to adopt a proposal.
object; article; subject; ~ import articles; ~ export articles; ~ subject of a contract; ~ subject/object of
mortgage; ~ subject in contest; ~ subject/object of a contract; ~ object of taxation; ~
subject/object of delivery; ~ object of legal protection; ~ subject in a dispute; ~ subject of litigation.
aforethought; premeditatio.
deliberately; intentionally; wilfully.
deliberate; intentional; premeditated.
ancestor; forefather; predecessor.

/
granting; furnishing; extending; accommodation; ~ banking facilities; ~ furnishing a guarantee; ~
granting of credit; ~ vesting with authority; ~ rendering of aid; ~ entitlement; ~
granting of a privilege; ~ provision of employment; ~ c granting of a discount; ~ provision of a loan; ~
provision of financing; ~ provision of financial services.
to give; to grant; ~ to grant a loan; ~ to grant a licence; ~ to give a respite; ~ to entitle; ~ to

allow a discount.
/
precaution; ~ ordinary precaution; ~ mandatory precaution; ~ reasonable
precaution.
to avert; to prevent; ~ to avert the threat of war.
averting; prevention; ~ prevention of an accident; ~ prevention of bankruptcy; ~ preventing harm; ~

prevention of damage to property.
171
/
precept, direction, prescription, command; dictate; instruction; order; prescription; regulation; rule; ~ administrative
order; ~ prescription of law; ~ sanctions; ~ regulations; ~ prescription of law;
~ writ; ~ to comply with instructions.
to direct;to command; to dictate; to order.

/
supposition; speculation; implication; presumption; guess; ~ on the assumption.
precondition; premise; prerequisite.
enterpriser; entrepreneur; businessman; ~ private entrepreneur; ~ small undertaker; ~ free

enterpriser.
/
entrepreneurial; ~ entrepreneurial activity/business activities; ~ entrepreneurial risk.
business; enterprise; entrepreneurship; ~ legitimate enterprise; ~ individual enterprise; ~

commercial business; ~ small enterprise; ~ criminal enterprise; ~ free enterprise; ~ joint
enterprise.
/
establishment; business; enterprise; undertaking; () plant; works; factory; ~ joint-stock company; ~
public enterprise; ~ joint venture; ~ lease of an enterprise; ~ management buy-out;
~ pledge of an enterprise; ~ mortgage of an enterprise as a property complex.
chairman; president; ~ president of the court.

B
to be chairman.
to appear; to present oneself; ~ to appear in the court/to go on trial.

/
agent; representative; delegate; spokesman; envoy; ~ public officer; ~ customer's representative; ~
general representative; ~ authorized representative; ~ commercial representative; ~ official
representative; ~ authorized representative; ~ permanent representative; ~ trade representative;
~ authorized representative; ~ legal representative; ~ to appoint a representative;
~ to recall a representative.
B/
mission; agency; ~a head of a mission; ~ diplomatic mission; ~ consulate.
/
() adduction; presentation; production; submission; (o . .) rendering; delivery; surrender; ~
presentation of a statement for signature; ~ submission of a budget; ~ production of evidence; ~
172
presentation of documents; ~ presentation for payment; ~ submission for consideration; ~

presentation of a report; ~ to inherit by the right of representation; ~ to make a representation; ~
on the proposal of the court.
to present; to exhibit; to produce; to show; to submit; (o . .) to deliver; to surrender; ~ to tender in payment;

~ to present an argument; ~ to exhibit evidence; ~ to submit for consideration; ~ -
to represent smb's interests.
/
prejudice; bias; preconception; ~ without prejudice.
biassed; prejudged; prejudiced.
premeditation; aforethought; intent; intention.

/
aforethought; deliberate; intentional; premeditated; wilful; ~ malicious injury to property.
to intend deliberately; to premeditate.

P
to give notice; to notify; to warn.
/
() notice; notification; () caution; admonition; warning; () averting; prevention;
~ two-time warning; ~ well-grounded warning; ~ obligatory timely warning;
~ formal notice; ~ written warning; ~ advance notice; ~ timely warning;
~ to give a warning; ~ without further notice; ~ without notification.
to contemplate; to foresee; ( . .) to make provisions; to stipulate; ~ to provide for by law.
( ..) provided; stipulated.

/
precaution; foresight; prudence; ~ proper precaution; ~ reasonable prudence.
predecessor; forerunner.
to precede.
precedent; antecedent.
/
bearer; holder; ~ bearer of a bill; ~ plaintiff, claimant; ~ bearer of a bond; ~ bearer of a
security; ~ bearer of a cheque; ~ payable to a bearer; ~ to a bearer.
173
/
presentation; production; submission; delivery; surrender; ~ presentation of a bill; ~ presentation of evidence; ~
presentation of documents; ~ lodging a claim; ~ presentation for payment; ~ accusation; ~
assertion of a claim; ~ presentation of a claim; ~ submission of an invoice; ~ payment on demand;
~ period for presentation; ~ to pay on presentation.
to present; to adduce; to exhibit; to submit; to deliver; to surrender; to tender; ~ to file an action; ~ to present for
payment; ~ to raise an accusation; ~ to produce a warrant; ~ to challenge; ~ to claim a right; ~
to place a demand.
successor; assignee; successor in a title; transferee; ~ successor in interest.
president; ~ accession to the presidency.

/
assumption; implication; inference; presumption; supposition; ~ presumption of guilt; ~ presumption of
capacity; ~ presumption of innocence; ~ presumption of patentability; ~
presumption at common law; ~ presumption in equity; ~ presumption by statute;
~ irrefutable presumption; ~ great presumption; ~ rebuttable presumption; ~
disputable presumption; ~ legal presumption; ~ to destroy a presumption; ~ to raise a presumption.
(, ) to assume; to deem; to imply; to infer; to presume; to suppose.

/
assumed; assumptive; constructive; implicit; implied; inferred; presumed; presumptive; suppositional; ~oe implicit right; ~
implied authority.
/
preferential; ~oe preferential/priority right; ~ senior lien; ~ priorities and preferences.
() advantage; benefit; superiority; () privilege; advantage; preference; ~ competitive advantage;

~ tax advantage; ~ fraudulent preference; ~ basic advantage; ~ financial benefit;
~ fiscal advantage; ~ economic advantage; ~ to gain an advantage.
price-list; ~ advertising price-list.
to cease; to end; to stop; to terminate; ~ to terminate a contract; ~ ( ) to dismiss a case; ~ to

break off negotiations; ~ to stop payments; ~ to terminate one's powers.
stopping, cessation; dismissal; stoppage; termination; ~ termination of an agency agreement; ~ termination

of tenancy; ~ dissolution of marriage; ~ termination of tenancy; ~ discharge of a contract; ~ (
) dismissal of a case; ~ termination of commitments; ~ suspension of payment; ~ cessation of
174
delivery; ~ suspension of rights; ~ abatement of a suit; ~ termination of financing; ~

termination of storage; ~ termination of a legal person.
to adulterate.
/
adultery; fornication; ~ to adulterate.
/
premium; award; bonus; prize; ~ to pay a premium; ~ cash bonus; ~ lump-sum bonus;
~ incentive bonus; ~ insurance premium; ~ export bonus; ~ to give a bonus;
~ to get a premium.
debate; discussion; ~ judicial pleadings.
to overcome; to surmount; ~ to overcome differences.

/
obstacle; bar; barrier; ~ to create barriers; ~ overcoming of barriers; ~ bars to marriage.
to bar; to hamper; to hinder; ~ to obstruct justice; ~ to hold up legislation.
prerogative; ~ legislative prerogative.
to repress; to suppress; to check; to contain; to prevent.

/
stopping, suppression, constraint, restraint; ~ as a measure of restriction; ~ selection of a measure of
restriction; ~ to cancel a measure of restriction; ~ to apply a measure of restriction;
~ grounds for selecting a measure of restriction; ~ procedure for appealing a measure of
restriction; ~ application of a measure of restriction.
/
persecution; ( ) prosecution; ~ to bring an action; ~ to discontinue legal
proceedings.
/
crime; misdeed; offence; tort; felony; ~ state crime; ~ malfeasance in office; ~ crime
against property; ~ major offence; ~ crime of dishonesty; ~ minor offence;
~ intended crime; ~ financial crime; ~ economic crime; ~ economic crime; ~
to prevent a crime; ~ to terminate a crime; ~ to detect a crime; ~ to investigate a crime;
~ to turn to crime; ~ to deter from a crime; ~ pretended crime; ~ cumulative
crime; ~ body of a crime; ~ criminal complicity; ~ gravity of a crime.
175
criminal; felon; offender; delinquent, malefactor, malfeasant; ~ state criminal; ~ dangerous criminal;
~ experienced criminal; ~ dangerous special criminal; ~ career criminal; ~a
extradition agreement.
criminally; ~ to mislead criminally; ~ criminally inclined.

/
crime; criminality; delinquency; ~ white collar crime; ~ fight against organized crime;
~ level of crime.
/
criminal; felonious; ~ criminal activity; ~ criminal (culpable) negligence; ~
to involve in criminal activity.
E/
claim; complaint; ~ claim under a contract; ~ monetary/money/pecuniary claim; ~ legal claim;
~ unlawful claim; ~ unjustified claim; ~ unsettled claim; ~ justified
claim; ~ official claim; ~ legal claim; ~ lawful claim; ~ stale claim;
~ settled claim; ~ to lodge a claim; ~ to enter a claim; ~ to establish a claim; ~ to
contest a claim; ~ to sustain a claim; ~ to allow a claim.
preferential.
/
preference; ~ trade preferences.
surplus; ~ external surplus.
case, precedent; ~ judicial precedent; ~ to constitute a precedent; ~ to refer to a precedent.
prejudicial; prejudicing.
/
prejudice; ~ to prejudice.
to have recourse; to resort.

PPEH/
coastal; littoral; ~e coastal waters.
P/
profit; gain; earnings, income; return; margin; ~ aftertax profit; ~ taxable profit;
~ incidental profit; ~ retained earnings; ~ to derive a profit; ~ to bring a profit;
~ to sell at a profit; ~ to distribute a profit; ~ source of a profit.
176
/
privatization; renationalization; ~ privatization of state and municipal property; ~
privatization at undercharge; ~ cheque privatization; ~ to privatize.
/
privilege; prerogative; benefit; ~ tax privileges; ~ privileges of parliament; ~ franchise;
~ judicial privilege; ~ customs privileges; ~ tariff advantages; ~ trade privilege;
~ fiscal privilege; ~ to abridge a privilege; ~ to renounce a privilege; ~ to
waive a privilege; ~ to grant a privilege.
to attract; to draw; to involve; ~ to bring an action/to take to court.
attraction; drawing; utilization; engagement; involvement; ~ utilization of budgetary funds; ~

utilization of deposits of natural persons; ~ attraction of temporary free capital; ~
obtaining monetary funds; ~ debt financing ;~ attraction of foreign investments; ~
attraction of capital; ~ calling to account; ~ bringing to criminal responsibility.
to adjudge; to adjudicate; to sentence.
() judgement; sentence; () verdict; ~ lawful sentence; ~ judgement of guilty;

~ judgement of not guilty; ~ biassed sentence; ~ fair judgement; ~ conditional sentence;
~ to pass sentence, to award a judgement; ~a to assure the enforcement of a judgement;
~ to recall a judgement; ~ to carry out a judgement.
marriage portion.
to follow; to abide; to adhere; ~ to follow the provisions of a contract.
1. ( ..) admission; 2. () reception; 3. () device; manner; method; ~ reception of a

deposit; ~ underwriting; ~ accepting members; ~ private reception; ~ official
reception.
AT
to acknowledge; to recognize; ( ) to adjudicate; () to consider; to regard; ~ to declare bankrupt; ~ to
adjudge guilty; ~ to find not guilty; ~ to declare insolvent; ~ to confess an error; ~
to accord the right of ownership; ~ to allow a claim.
to avow oneself; to confess.

/
acknowledgement; recognition; () confession allowance; ( ) adjudication; ~ declaring bankrupt; ~
acknowledgement of a debt; ~ declaration as invalid; ~ adjudication in bankruptcy; ~
admission of responsibility; ~ recognition of a right; ~ admission of a claim; ~
177
declaration of a transaction as invalid; ~ declaration by a court; ~ validation; ~ to

exact a confession; ~ to avow oneself.
() appeal; call; ( ) conscription; call-up; ~a draft dodger.
( ) to appeal; to call on; ( ) to call up; to draft; to conscript.
conscript; draftee.
order; () warrant; writ; ~ banker's order; ~, valid warrant; ~,

void warrant; ~ warrant of distress; ~ writ of execution; ~
writ of execution against property; ~ warrant of arrest; ~
warrant in bankruptcy; ~ confiscation order; ~ writ of
attachment; ~ order of the court; ~ receiving order; ~ writ of
assistance; ~ winding-up order; ~ to serve a warrant; ~ to execute an order;
~ to issue an order; ~ to disregard an order; ~ to cancel an order; ~ to follow an order;
~ by order.
to command; to direct; to order.
decency.
( ) schedule; appendix, addendum, affixation; ~ addendum/supplement to a contract; ~ with

attachment of documents.
() primacy; supremacy; ~ supremacy of law.
application; exercise; () enforcement; employment; utilization; use; ~ exercise of power; ~

application in practice; ~ procedural enforcement; ~ traffic law enforcement;
~ use of trade customs; ~ practical application; ~ enforcement.
to apply; to employ; to enforce.

/
conciliation; reconciliation; ~ conciliation of the parties; ~ conciliation of spouses; ~
to seek national reconciliation; ~ to effect a conciliation.
/
compromising; conciliatory; reconciliatory; ~ conciliation; conciliation procedure.
to conciliate; to reconcile.
178
to belong.
/
accessories; implements; ~ transfer of property for lease with all its accessories.
belonging.
1. ( . .) to admit; 2. ( ) to employ; to engage; 3. () to assume; 4. () to adopt; to

pass; ~ to initiate proceedings; ~ to take evidence; ~ to accept succession; ~
to assume a commitment; ~ to take charge; ~ to accept the terms.
/
compulsory; mandatory; forced; ~oe enforcement; ~oe compulsory medical treatment; ~ enforcement
measures; ~oe expropriation; ~ compulsory process; ~ forced labour.
to coerce; to force;; to compel; to enforce.

/
compulsion, constraint, coercion, duress; ( ) enforcement; ~ law enforcement; ~ physical coercion;
~ economic compulsion; ~ to do under duress; ~ to enforce legally; a ~ coercive
measure.
principle; concept; tenet; ~ principle of reciprocity; ~ principle of collective leadership; ~ control

principle; ~ principle of material incentives; ~ principle of most
favoured nation treatment; ~ principles of taxation; ~ principles of law; ~ principle of equality; ~
principle of separation of powers; ~ generally recognized principles; ~
underlying principle; ~a to adhere to a principle; ~ statement of principles; ~ application of a
principle.
principal.
1. () acceptance; reception; 2. () approval; 3. () assumption; () acceptance, adoption;

() enactment; 4. () taking-over; ( ) admission; ( ) employment; engagement; ~
taking administrative measures (steps); ~ initiation of proceedings; ~
acceptance of documents; ~ acknowledgement of a debt; ~ acceptance of an order; ~ enactment of a law; ~
assumption of a commitment; ~ assumption of a risk; ~ acceptance of a dispute for
consideration; ~ acceptance of goods at the warehouse; ~ acceptance of conditions.
acquirer; buyer; grantee; purchaser; transferee; ~ acquirer of property; ~ bona fide purchaser;
~ mala fide purchaser.
to acquire; to obtain; ~ to acquire a title; ~ to acquire property.

179
acquisition; obtaining, procuration; () purchase; () procurement; ( ) takeover; ~ purchase of shares; ~

acquisition of citizenship; ; ~ acquisition of property; ~ ~ buyout; ~
acquisition of fixed assets; ~ acquisition of a right; ~ acquisition of a title; ~ acquisition
of property; ~ acquisition of legal personality.
to associate, to attach; to include; to join; ~ to attach documents to the case.
attaching; introduction; ~ attaching of documents to the case.
priority; preference; precedence; seniority; ~ precedence of law; ~ priority of a claim; ~ national

priorities; ~ to have priority; ~ to establish a priority.
to halt; to stop; () to interrupt; () to check; to contain; to hold up; ( ) to suspend; ~

to suspend a judgement; ~ to suspend the exercise of rights and privileges; ~ to suspend
powers; ~ to suspend the proceedingis; ~ to interrupt a prescription.
delay, stopping; () suspension; ~ suspension of contractual obligations; ~

suspension of execution; ~ suspension of a liability; ~ suspension of payments; ~
suspension of deliveries; ~ stay of an action; ~ stay of proceedings.
halt; stop; stoppage; stay; () suspension; ~ suppression of civic rights; ~

suspension of a statute; ~ suspension of a statute; ~ suspension of a judgement; stay of
execution; ~ suspension of a commitment; ~ cesser of action; ~ suspension of the
proceedingis; ~ suspension of the statute of limitations; ~ suspension of financial
aid.
() distortion.
1. to appropriate; to convert; 2. () to award; () to misappropriate; to embezzle.
1. appropriation; conversion; () embezzlement; misappropriation; 2. () award; ~ embezzlement of money;

~ appropriation of property; ~ fraudulent conversion.
() care; attendance; ~ to leave unattended.

/
( ) accession; ( ) joining; affiliation; () merger; ~ instrument of accession; ~
accession to a treaty; ~ reorganization of a legal person in the form of accession.
to join; to align; to affiliate; ( ) to accede.

180
/
bias; partiality; ~ without bias.
/
biassed; prejudiced; partial; ~oe bias; ~ biassed sentence.
1. ( ) judgement, adjudication; 2. () award; ~ award of compensation.

/
attendance; ~ judgement seat.
to attend; to be present.
/
oath; ~ judicial oath; ~ civic oath; ~ oath of office; official oath; ~ false oath;
~ solemn oath; ~ affidavit; ~ sworn evidence; ~y to take an oath;
~ to declare on oath; ~ to dispense with an oath; ~e to administer an oath.
to adjure; to swear; ~ to pledge allegiance.

/
assizer; juror; juryman; ~x the jury; ~x jury list; ~x the jury; ~ to charge the jury;
~ to array; ~ with the participation of jurors.
pretence; simulation.
to pretend; to simulate.
den; ~ gambling den.

/
claim; demand; assertion, challenge; ~ income claim; ~ inheritance claim; ~ claim of
ownership; ~ claim of a title; ~ claim to priority; ~ claim of interest;
~ counter-claim; ~ statutory claim; ~ false claim; ~ illegitimate claim; ~ legal claim;
~ lawful claim; ~ to contest a claim; ~ to give up a claim; ~ to allow a claim.
participation; complicity; implication; involvement; privity.
involved; participating; privy.

/
cause; ground; reason; ~ reason for complaint; ~ reason for delay; ~ cause of infringement; ~
reason for rejection; ~ valid reason; ~ financial reason; ~ without a good cause.
causing; infliction; tort; trespass; ~ causing harm in a state of necessary defence; ~

causing of harm to life or health; ~ causing damage to property/property tort; ~
181
personal injury; ~ infliction of damage (loss); ~ guilty infliction; ~ innocent infliction; ~

accidental injury; ~ liability for infliction of harm.
to cause; to occasion; to inflict; to injure; ~ to damage/to cause damage; ~ to inflict by omission; ~ e to

inflict innocently; ~ to inflict involuntarily; ~ to cause damages.
sample; specimen; trial; test.

P/
probation; ~ revocation of probation.
/
problem, question; ~ employment problem; ~ debt servicing problem; ~ global
problem; ~ pressing problem; ~ unforeseen problem; ~ unsolved problem;
~ financial problem; ~ economic problem; ~ problem of energy; ~y to investigate a
problem; ~y to resolve a problem.
conducting; execution; implementation; realization; () adoption; ~ arbitration process; ~

auditing; ~ holding of an auction; ~ administration of laws; ~ taking inventory; ~
conduct of a campaign; ~ conduct of a competition; ~ conduct of negotiations; ~ auditing; ~
holding a tender; ~ carrying out of an expert examination.
/
() control; check; checkout; examination; inspection; verification; survey; () examination; test; testing; trial;
() audit; () review; ~ audit of an organization; ~ examination of documents; ~
checking on performance; ~ verification of the working order of property; ~
verification of credit standing; ~ auditing; ~ selective inspection; ~ general examination;
~ control check; ~ tax audit; ~ official check; ~ periodic check; ~
routine check; ~ operational check; ~ current check; ~y to carry out a check.
BE
to control; to check; to examine; to inspect; to verify; ~ to verify powers.
() to realize; to carry out; to implement; () to hold; to conduct; ~ to hold an election; ~ to

conduct a meeting; ~ to hold negotiations.
to declare; to proclaim; to promulgate; ~ to declare independence.
declaration; proclamation; promulgation.
provocative.
provocation.
182
to provoke.
/
program; plan; ~ antiinflationary program; ~ budget program; ~ public program;
~ long-term program; ~ investment program; ~ comprehensive program;
~ government program; ~ production program; ~ industrial program;
~ federal program; ~ financial program; ~ target program; ~ execution of a program;
~ completion of a program.
absenteeism; unjustified absence from work; truancy; ~ enforced truancy. absentee; shirker; slacker;
truant.
to sell; to realize; ( ) to vend; () to dispose; ~ to sell on credit; ~ to retail; ~ to

sell wholesale; ~ to sell by sample; ~ to sell by description; ~ to sell by auction; ~ to
sell at a discount.
seller; vendor; salesman.

/
sale; selling; vendition; marketing, realization, distribution; ~ sale of shares; ~ direct selling; ~ sale on
credit; ~ instalment sale; ~ retail sale; ~ sale of pledged property; ~ sale
for cash; ~ sale of buildings and structures; ~ sale of a land plot; ~ sale of land; ~
execution sale; ~ sale of property at a public
auction; ~ sale of immovable property; ~ sale of federal property; ~
wholesale; ~ sale by lot; ~ sale at reduced prices; ~ sale by auction; ~ discount
sale; ~ sale from a warehouse; ~ sale of securities; ~ sale by auction; ~ sale
through agents; ~y to offer for sale; ~y to hold a judicial sale.
corruptibility; corruption.
/
corrupt; corruptible.
to extend; to prolong; ~ to extend a visa; ~ to extend the validity of a treaty; ~ to extend the time
of payment.
extension; prolongation; renewal; ~ extension of a letter of credit; ~ extension of a visa; ~

extension of a guarantee period; ~ renewal of a concession; ~ extension of a credit; ~ extensionof the term; ~
extension of the time of holding in custody.
duration; () continuity; continuance; ~ duration of a working day; ~ length of service; ~

duration of lease.
183
/
product, production; ~ defective products; ~ high-quality products; ~ imported products;
~ competitive products; ~ illegal output; ~ substandard products; ~ shadow
production; ~ commercial products; ~ exported products; ~ producer of products/manufacturer of
goods; ~ right of ownership of products.
design; project; draft; plan; ~ draft budget; ~ draft of a contract; ~ draft law; ~ draft
constitution; ~ draft resolution; ~ draft decision; ~ draft of an agreement; ~
investment project; ~ capital-intensive project; ~ non-profit project; ~ sound project;
~ final draft.
residence; dwelling; habitation.
t dwell; to inhabit; to reside.

/
defeated; ~ defeated party.
to lose; ~ to lose a case.
manufacturer; producer; maker; ~ foreign manufacturer; ~ large manufacturer; ~ domestic

producer.
to manufacture; to make; to produce.

/O
manufacture; manufacturing; production; procedure; proceedings; ( ) industry; ~ making a search; ~
proceedings in appeal; ~ government contractual work; ~ bankruptcy
proceedings; ~ law infringement proceedings; ~ arbitration proceedings; ~ action
proceedings; ~ proceedings in bankruptcy; ~ large-scale production; ~ industrial production;
~ seasonal production; ~ joint production; ~ commodity production; ~ wasteful production;
~ export production; ~ power-intensive production; ~ initiation of proceedings;
~a termination of the proceedings; ~ to resume the proceedings; ~ to complete the
proceedings; ~ to carry out the proceedings; ~ to terminate the proceedings; ~ to take
over a case.
arbitrariness, arbitrary rule, abuse of power.

/
arbitrary; unwarranted; ~oe arbitrary detention.
line; lineage; origin; ancestry; descent; parentage; ~ social background.
184
/
event; incident; ( ) accident; - ~ road traffic accident; ~ street collision.
hire, rent, rental; ~ to pay a hire.
attorney; prosecuting attorney; public prosecutor; public procurator; ~ public prosecutor; ~a with the
sanction of a public prosecutor.
/
delay; procrastination.
industry; ~ local industry; ~ domestic industry.

/
missing; ~ to be missing.
registration of domicile.
() pass; permit.
prorogation.
to prorogue.
applicant; petitioner.
to ask; to request; to beg.

/
out of date; overdue; in arrears; past due; ~e overdue payments.
to exceed the time limit; () to be in default.
exceeding the time limit; delay, expiration of the time; () arrears; ~ delay in payment of funds; ~
delay of wages; ~ delay in payment of rent;~ delay in performance; ~
delay in credit repayment; ~ delay in delivery.
prostitute; whore.
rstitution.
( ) dead time; idleness; downtime; () demurrage; ~ production hold-up; ~ work stoppage; ~

idle time of equipment; ~ waiting time; ~ (, ) demurrage.
185
misdeed; fault; misconduct; offence; ~ administrative infraction; ~ breach of discipline;

~ dereliction; official misconduct; ~ to commit a misconduct.
/
request; appeal; application; petition; ~ request for postponement of payment; ~ application
for revision of a judgement; ~ official request; ~ to comply with request; ~ to make a request.
protest; objection; deprecation; ~ protest of a bill; ~ prosecutor's appeal; ~ formal protest;

~a declaration of a protest; ~ making of a protest by a notary; ~ to enter a protest;
~ to reject a protest.
to protest; to object.
enemy; opponent; adversary.
counteraction, opposition, resistance; ~ to meet with opposition.
to counteract; to oppose; to resist.
illegally; illegitimately; illicitly; lawlessly; unlawfully; wrongfully.
illegality; illegitimacy.
/
illegal; illegitimate; illicit; unlawful; ~oe malpractice; ~oe illegal intent; ~ illegal means.
illegally; illicitly; lawlessly; unlawfully.

/
illegal; illicit; unlawful; ~oe trespass on the premises; ~oe unlawful engagement; ~
unlawful means.
/
conflict; contradiction; () collision; ~ antinomy; ~ conflict of testimony; ~
conflict of law; ~ to collide.
to conflict, to contradict; ~ to contradict the constitution.
protocol; minutes; report; record; ~ protocol of intent; ~ protocol on the results of the auction; ~o
protocol on cooperation; ~ protocol on goods turnover; ~ protocol of negotiations; ~
protocol of disagreements with the draft of the contract; ~ record of proceedings
of the court; ~ arbitration protocol; ~ final protocol; ~a excerpt from the minutes;
~a drawing up of a protocol; ~a signing of a protocol; ~ to draw up the minutes; ~ to enter in
the minutes; ~a to abide by a protocol; ~y to accede to a protocol.
186
to place on record; to record.

/
professional; ~ professional secrecy.
profession; career; occupation.

/
prophylactic; ~ preventive measure.
/
practice, procedure; proceedings; process; ~ bankruptcy procedure; ~ forfeiture proceedings; ~
liquidation proceedings; ~ appellate procedure; ~ procedure of payment; ~ procedure of
repayment; ~ law enforcement procedure; ~ administrative procedure; ~ procedure
of arbitration; ~ budget procedure; ~ legal procedure; ~ legislative proceedings; ~ tax
procedure; ~ conciliation procedure; ~ procedure of authorization; ~ conciliation
procedure; ~ judicial procedure; ~ customs procedure; ~ to dispense with the usual
procedure; ~ to abide by the rules of procedure; ~ to cut the red tape.
/
procedural; ~ rules of procedure; procedural rules.
percent; percentage; rate, ratio; ( ) interest; ~ interest on credit; ~

default interest; ~ interest on arrears; ~ interest on the amount of a bank deposit; ~
interest on the amount of the loan; ~ interest on the amount of funds; ~ interest
under a contract of loan; ~ interest on debts; ~ interest on loans; ~ mortgage interest; ~
interest on credit; ~ , interest on the credit issued against a letter of
hypothecation ; ~ loan charge; ~ bank interest; ~ bank rate; ~ imputed interest;
~ high percentage; ~ borrowing rate; ~ percentage of commission; ~ concessionary interest
rate; ~ computed interest; ~ unclaimed interest; ~ unpaid interest/arrearage;
~ low percentage; ~ usurious interest; ~ loan interest; ~ statutory interest;
~ rate of discount; ~ fixed interest; ~ penalty rate; ~ to collect interest; ~
to pay interest; ~ to bear interest; ~ at even/interest-free.
process; procedure; litigation; proceedings; trial, suit; ~ appellate process; ~ arbitration proceedings;
~ budgeting; ~ civil procedure; ~ lawmaking process; ~ trial/legal proceedings;
~ civil litigation; ~ criminal trial; ~ to conduct legal proceedings;
~ to bring an action; ~ to gain one's cause; ~ to delay a trial;
~ to bring an action; ~e to be present at the trial; ~ to speed up
judicial proceedings.
187
/
procedural; ~ procedural guarantee; ~ procedural error; ~ adjective legislation/procedural
legislation; ~oe defect in process; ~oe adjective law; ~oe procedural legal succession; ~e
pleadings; ~e procedural rules.
application; petition; supplication; request; appeal; ~ insufficient petition; ~ appeal for pardon;
~ sufficient petition; ~ delayed petition; ~ to forward a petition.
to apologize; to forgive; to pardon; () to acquit.
forgiveness; apology; () pardon; remission; () acquittal; ~ forgiveness of a debt.
pseudonym.
/
psychiatric; psychiatrical; ~ lunatic asylum/mental hospital.
psychiatry; ~ forensic psychiatry.
psyche; psychology.
/
mental; psychical; ~ mental ability; ~ mental disability; ~
mental disability; o ~oo by reason of a mental disorder.
publication, release; ~ publication of a document; ~ notice in the press of liquidation of a

legal person; ~ official publication.
/
public; ~ public accountability; ~oe public appearance; ~oe public hearing; ~oe public
apology; ~oe public insult; ~oe public law; ~oe public wrong; ~oe public
prosecution; ~ public auction/public tenders; ~ public contract; ~ public competition.
bullet.
() clause; item; paragraph; point; article, provision; ( ) count; ~ clause of an agreement; ~

clause of a contract; ~ arbitration clause; ~ count of the indictment; ~
payment clause; ~ penalty clause; ~ item on the agenda.
torture; ~ to be subjected to torture.
alcoholic; drunkard.
188
alcoholism; drunkenness; intemperance.
to drink hard; ~ to drink in public.
drunk; drunken; intoxicated.
/
job, labour; work; service; () employment; () activity; () operation; working; functioning; ~
contractual work; ~ work by hire; ~ work on a project; ~ professional job; ~
additional job; ~ administrative work; ~ piece work; ~ team work;
~ unhealthy work; ~ temporary work; ~ work done; ~ high-class work;
~ highly paid work; ~ defective work; ~ contract job; ~ additional work;
~ corrective work; ~ research work; ~ design work; ~ roundthe-clock work; ~ scientific work; - research work; ~ inferior work;
~ work in process; ~ substandard work; ~ unskilled work; ~
casual work; ~ continuous work; ~ low-paid work; ~ organization work; ~
paid work; ~ by-work; ~ day-to-day operation; ~ work by contract; ~ subsidiary work;
~ permanent work; ~ forced labour; ~ routine maintenance; ~ overtime
(work); ~ piecework; ~ seasonal work; ~y to carry out work; ~y to come to work;
~y to complete work; ~y to look for a job/to seek employment; ~y to employ; ~y
to suspend work; ~y to lose work; ~ to discharge.
to work; to perform; ( ) to be in operation; to function; to go; to operate; to run; ~ to work parttime; ~ to hold a contract; ~ to work full-time; ~ to work overtime; ~ to be on
piecework.
worker; workman; () employee; () executive; ( ) official; officer; ~

workers of budgetary organizations; ~ brain worker; ~ manual worker; ~
administrative officer; ~ bank employee; ~ casual worker; ~ skilled worker; ~
research worker; ~ senior official; ~ full-time worker; ~ seasonal worker; ~
technical worker; ~ part-time worker.
P
employer; hirer.
ability to work; capacity for work; efficiency.
189
/
1. worker; workman; labourer; 2. () working; labour; ~a working week; ~a labour force; ~ee
working hours; ~ee labour legislation; ~ working day; ~ casual worker; ~ foreign
worker; ~ regular worker; ~ skilled worker; ~ hired worker; ~
labourer; ~ low-paid worker; ~ time worker; ~ day labourer; ~ auxiliary
worker; ~ permanent worker; ~ pieceworker; ~ seasonal worker.
/
equality; ~ equality of pay; ~ equality of all nations and nationalities; ~
equality in tax treatment; ~ equality before the law; ~ equality before the court; ~
equality of nations large and small; ~ equality of the parties; ~ equality of participants in
civil intercourse; ~ real equality; ~ complete equality; ~ social equality; ~ juridical equality.
balance; equilibrium; ~ unstable equilibrium; ~ balance of power; ~ market equilibrium;

~ stable equilibrium; ~ economic balance; ~ to disturb the balance of forces.
equality; equal rights; ~ equality in economic relations; ~ equality of citizens; ~

equality of men and women; ~ equality of the parties; ~ complete equality; ~ equality of races.
/
equal (in rights); ~ equal treaty; ~ on the basis of equality.
PABH/
equal; ~oe equal suffrage.
radiation; ~ enhanced radiation.

/O
examination, investigation; () action at law; hearing of a case; judicial proceedings; lawsuit; trial; ~ examination of a case;
~ arbitration proceedings; ~ examination in camera; ~ public hearing; ~ retrial;
~ trial at common law; ~ trial at equity; ~
trial at statutory law; ~ to reopen the proceedings; ~ to postpone an examination of
a case; ~ to terminate the proceedings; ~ to suspend an action; ~ to examine a case.
release; ~ release of a blocked account.
() to release.
plunder; robbery; ~ armed robbery.

/
intelligence; secret service; ~ intelligence agent.
intelligence agent; secret service agent.
190
/
intelligence; ~ intelligence data.
/
development; advance; ~ furtherance of criminal enterprise; ~ uneven development;
~ even development; ~ balanced development; - ~ socio-economic
development; ~ to promote (further, facilitate) development; ~ to hold back development.
divorce; ~ case of a divorce.
debauchery; depravity; dissipation.
debaucher; libertine; profligate.
to indulge in debauchery.
libertine; profligate; wanton.
to debauch; to deprave;to corrupt.
corruption; perversion.
PA
to disclose; to divulge.
/
disclosure; divulgence; divulging; ~ disclosure of a state secret; ~ disclosure of a business
secret;~ breach of professional secrecy; ~ confidential.
denationalization, decentralization, privatization; ~ restoration of property to private ownership.
plunder, pillage.
delimitation; separation, partition; ~ delineation of powers.
to discharge; to unload; ~ to discharge a vessel.
discharge; unloading; ~ discharge of a vessel.
division.
191
/
division; separation; ( ) sharing; ~ separation of powers; ~ equality of votes; ~
cost sharing; ~ international division of labour; ~ legal succession in the
reorganization of a legal person.
to demerge, to break up.
irritation.
P/E
diversity; difference; distinction; ~ diversity of practice; ~ external distinctions; ~ internal
distinctions; ~ racial distinctions; - ~ socio-economic distinctions.
/
() separation (of spouses); ~ () separation order.
change; ~a vending machine for making change.
quantity; size, extent; () dimensions; ~ rental rate; ~ budget size; ~ amount of deposit; ~
amount of recovery; ~ size of investments; ~ amount of compensation; ~ amount of
remuneration; ~ payment amount; ~ dividend size; ~ level of income; ~ amount of
indebtedness; ~ amount of a loan; ~ rate of wages; ~ amount of the property; ~ extent of a
claim; ~ amount of capital investment; ~ amount of compensation; ~ amount of credit; ~
rate of taxes; ~ penalty rate; ~ degree of liability; ~ amount of smart money; ~
scale of pension; ~ extent of damage; ~ size of a benefit; ~ size of delivery; ~ extent of loss; ~
size of duty; ~ rate of interest on deposits; ~ amount of expenses; ~ rate of royalty; ~
size of a loan; ~ size of insurance premium; ~ size of the insured amount; ~ amount
of losses; ~ amount of charter capital; ~ volume of financing; ~ amount of a fine;
~ to estimate the damage; ~ to correspond to five
times the minimum monthly wage; ~ at the rate of.
arrangement; placing; ( ) allocation; allotment; ~ placing of a loan; ~ investment; ~ allocation

of capital.
/
difference; ( ) margin; ~ income difference; ~ wage differential; ~ difference in the cost;
~ tax difference; ~ to return the difference; ~y to compensate for the difference.
/
disagreement; discord; difference; dispute; variance; ~ disagreements on individual terms of the contract;
~ unregulated disagreements; ~ settlement of differences; ~
to bring the disagreements to the consideration of a court; ~ to to resolve/to settle the differences.
to disclose; to expose.
192
disclosure; exposure.
destruction; ruin; () bankruptcy; ~ bankruptcy of an enterprise.

/
disarmament; ~ general and complete disarmament.
drawing-up; planning; () development, mining; ~ drawing-up of legislative acts; ~

field development; ~ drawing-up of normative acts; ~ joint research and development.
() designer; ~ law designers; ~ designers of a bill.
to allow; to permit; (, ) to resolve; to settle.

/
() allowance; permission; consent; () authorization; licensing; sanction; ~ grant of lease; ~
import permit; ~ export permit; ~ loan authorization; ~ authorization for credit; ~
release for shipment; ~ exchange permit; ~ transit permit; ~ vesting
assent; ~ borrowing authorization; ~ building permit; ~ settlement of a dispute; ~
settlement of a dispute in arbitration; ~ leave of court; ~ customs permit; ~ credit
licence; ~ official permission; ~ written permit; ~ government authorization;
~ prior authorization; ~ to allow; to authorize/to grant a permission; ~ to seek a permission;
~ to withhold a permission; ~ to obtain a permission.
to demolish; to destroy; to ruin.
demolition; destruction; ruin.
disparity; () breaking off; rapture; severance; ~ breaking off of diplomatic relations; ~

severance of trade relations.
() to break off; to rapture; to sever.
explanation; interpretation; ~ to consult the law.
to explain; to clarify; to interpret.
to look; to search; to seek.
injury; wound.
193
wounded; wounded man.
to wound.
to repent.
penitence; penitential; repentance.
to detect;to disclose; ~ to detect a crime.
detection; disclosure.
/
receipt; voucher; ~ refusal to issue a receipt; ~y to issue a receipt; ~y to present a receipt;
~y to append a receipt; ~y against a receipt.
order; regulation; routine; ~ daily routine.
to manage; () to dispose.
/
direction; order; prescription; regulations; instruction; ( . .) disposal; disposition; ~
disposition of land and other natural resources; ~ disposal of property; ~ ,
disposition of state property; ~ , disposition of
property in shared ownership; ~ , disposition of municipal property; ~
, disposition of property in joint ownership; ~ payment instructions; ~
writ of arrest; ~ payment instructions; ~ administrative order; ~
interim order; ~ testamentary prescription; ~ order of transfer; ~ warrant; ~
- deed of settlement; - ~ to be at smb's disposal; ~ to place at disposal.
violence; () lynching; ~ legal lynching.
to deal; to make short shrift.

/
apportionment; allocation; allotment; distribution; ~ allotment of shares; ~ allotment of appropriations; ~
budgeting apportionment; ~ allocation of currency; ~ distribution of dividends; ~ cost
sharing; ~ cost sharing; ~ division of property; ~ investment allocation; ~ tax assessment; ~
distribution of the national income; ~ allocation of duties; ~ burden sharing; ~
payoff distribution; ~ distribution of powers; ~ allotment of court costs; ~ allocation
of loss; ~ disposition of funds; ~ payroll distribution.
194
to allocate; to allot; to distribute.
clearance; sale; ~ closing-down sale; ~ sell-out of state property; ~

tax sale; ~ judicial sale; ~ sale of marked-down goods; ~ seasonal
sale.
distribution; circulation; extension; ~ distribution of information.
() to dissolve; to disband.
debaucher; libertine.
debauched; dissolute; wanton.
detection; examination; inquiry; investigation; ( ) inquest; ~ case investigation; ~ impartial

inquiry; ~ prejudicial inquiry; ~ official inquiry; ~ parliamentary investigation;
~ government investigation; ~ preliminary inquiry; ~ biassed inquiry; ~
judicial inquiry; ~ to renew an inquiry; ~ to close an inquiry; ~ to begin an inquiry; ~ to
conduct an inquiry.
OA
to inquire; to investigate.
to consider; to examine; ~ to consider a case by a jury trial.

/
consideration; examination; investigation; ( ) trial; ~ civil investigation; ~ trial by a court; ~
consideration of a claim; ~ consideration of a claim; ~ consideration of a dispute; ~ arbitral proceedings;
~ reconsideration; ~ judicial examination; ~ to submit for consideration; ~
examination procedure; ~ hearing of a case.
/
payment by instalments; extension of time, instalment plan, deferred payment plan; ~ instalment payment; ~
instalment purchase; ~ instalment transaction; ~y to pay by instalments.
shooting.
to shoot.
O
derangement; disorder; ~ derangement/lunacy.
OK
intellect; mind; reason.
195
dispatch, distribution; ~ direct mail advertising.
customs clearance.
PACTOP
to abrogate; to cancel; to dissolve; ~ to dissolve a marriage; ~ to cancel a conrtact.
/
abrogation; cancellation; dissolution; termination, rescission; ~ dissolution of a marriage; ~ cancellation of a contract; ~
rescission of a contract of lease; ~ - rescission of a contract of purchase and sale; ~
rescission of a contractual agreement; ~ rescission of a contract of insurance; ~ cancellation of a
contract; ~ damages caused by the termination of a contract.
/
( . .) embezzlement; defalcation; peculation; () dissipation; squandering; waste; (
) misapplication; misappropriation; ~ misappropriation of funds; ~ wasting assets; ~y
(/) to embezzle.
embezzler; defalcator; defaulter; peculator.
to embezzle; to defalcate; to peculate; (, ) to misapply; to misappropriate; () to

dissipate; to squander; to waste.
consumption, use, expense; charges; costs; penditures; ~ per capita expenses; ~ budgetary
expenditures; ~ extra-budgetary expenditures; ~ military expenditures; ~ government
expenditures; ~ cash expenditures; ~ additional expenditures; ~ travelling allowance;
~ commission expenses; ~ overhead expenses; ~ unbudgeted expenditures;
~ unreasonable expenses; ~ urgent expenditures; ~ incidental expenses;
~ deed costs; ~ organizational expenses; ~ incidental expenses; ~
government expenditures; ~ hospitality costs; ~ production costs; ~ budgeted
expenses; ~ insurance costs; ~ legal costs; ~ current expenses; ~ transport
expenses; ~ financial expenses; ~ compensation for expenditures; ~ to defray the
expenses; ~ to indemnify for the expenses; ~ to bear the charges; ~ to cut down the expenses.
() consumption; () spending, expenditure, expense; ~ use of resources.
difference; divergence; discrepancy, imbalance, mismatch; () gap; () contradiction; ~ mismatch; ~

price discrepancy; ~ disparity in rates.
/
pricing; rating; estimation; valuation; ~ unit prices for work; ~ fee schedule; ~
tariffication; ~ to raise the tariff; ~ to regulate rates; ~ to fix prices.
196
payment; settlement; () clearing; ~ barter; ~ clearing settlement; ~ payment by bills;

~ mutual settlements; ~ external payments; ~ internal payments; ~ bilateral
payments; ~ cash payments; ~ interbank settlements; ~ international settlements;
~ cash settlement; ~ final payment; ~ to make payments.
/
ratification; ~ instrument of ratification.
/
ratification; ~ ratification of a treaty; ~ to be subject to ratification.
to ratify; ~ to ratify a treaty.
round; stage; ~ second round of negotiations; ~ another round of negotiations.
rehabilitation; ~ social rehabilitation.
to rehabilitate; to retrieve.
reactionary.
reaction.
realization; () sales, disposal, marketing; ~ realization of pledged property; ~ disposal of

assets; ~ disposal of property; ~ disposal of fixed assets; ~ exercise of a
pre-emptive right; ~ forced sale.
retribution; revenge; revanche.

/
inspection; audit; auditing; ~ certificate of audit.
auditor; () inspector; ~ external auditor; ~ internal auditor; ~ statutory auditor.

/
jealousy; ~ from jealousy.
record; register; ~ civil register; ~ land register.

/
record; recording; registration; registry; ~ registration of acts of civil status; ~
registration as an individual entrepreneur; ~ registration of an agreement; ~
registration of documents; ~ backdating of registration; ~ registration of a mortgage; ~ record of an
application; ~ registration of a peasant farm; ~ registration of a licence; ~
197
registration of the right of ownership to immovable property; ~ invalid registration; ~

improper registration; ~ compulsory registration; ~ official registration; ~ unregistrable;
~ registry; ~ note of registration.
to record; to register.
to register; ( ) to register one's marriage.
order; procedure; regulations; rules of procedure; ~ service regulations; ~ financial regulations; ~a

breach of order; ~ to fix a time-limit.
regress; retrogression; setback; ( ) recourse; ~a recourse on bill; ~a recourse loan;

~a recourse amount; ~a to have recourse; ~a to realize the recourse; ~ with a
recourse.
/
control; regulation; management; ( ) adjustment; ~ exchange adjustment; ~
traffic control; ~ price adjustment/control; ~ antimonopoly regulation; ~ banking regulation;
~ budgetary control; ~ government regulation; - ~ state legal regulation;
~ monetary control; ~ fiscal regulation; ~ legal regulation; ~ customs regulation;
~ financial control.
to control; to regulate; to govern.
list; register; registry; roll; record; schedule; () docket; ~ register of companies; ~

register of holders of registered bonds; ~ register of mortgage holders; ~
single state register; ~ register of property; ~ register of patents; ~ trade register.
regime; () regimen; routine; () schedule; ~ proprietary security regime; ~

regime of serving a sentence; ~ most-favoured nation regime; ~
authoritarian regime; ~ favourable treatment; ~ boundary regime; ~ legal order; ~
customs regulations; ~ trade regime; ~ totalitarian regime; ~ medium security.
reserve; provision; ~ bank reserve; ~ provision for losses; ~ exchange reserve;

~ untapped reserves; ~ legal reserve.
/
operative; substantive; ~ operative part.
/
resolution; ~ joint resolution; ~ draft resolution; ~ to adopt a resolution.
result; outcome; ~ election returns.

198
precis; resume; summary.
requisites; ~ requisite elements of documents; ~ payment details; ~ account details; ~ requisites of a

cheque.
requisition; confiscation; ~ requisition of property; ~ confiscation of property.
advertising; advertisement; ~ press advertising;~ media advertising; ~ fair

advertising; ~ fraudulent advertising; ~ commodity advertising.
/
claim; complaint; reclamation; ~ to lodge a claim.
/
recommendation; reference; ~ written recommendation; ~ to provide recommendation.
payee; remittee.
repairs; () maintenance; ~ emergency repairs; ~ guarantee repairs.
rent; annuity; ~ land rent; ~ clear rent; ~ rent owing; ~ life rent;
~ fixed rent; ~ pure rent; ~ contract of rent.
profitability; profitableness; return; ~ profitability of a deal.
cost-efficient; payable; profitable; profit-making.

/
reparation; ~ to fix the amount of reparations.
repatriate.
rtriation; ~ repatriation of capital; ~ repatriation of profits; ~ repatriation of funds.
to repatriate.
rejoinder; retort; ( ) replication.
repliant; replicant.
rprisals; requital; retaliation; ~ economic reprisal.
199
repressive.
to repress.
repression; ~ to subject to repressions.

/
reputation; record; repute; ~ business reputation; ~ commercial reputation; ~ bad reputation;
~ dubious reputation; ~ financial reputation; ~ good reputation; ~ of
good standing.
respondent.
rpublic; ~ democratic republic; ~ independent republic; ~ parliamentary republic;

~ federal republic.
/
re-establishment; restitution; restoration; ~ restitution of property rights; ~ property restitution;
~ to make a restitution.
/
retortion; ~ act of a retortion.
redraft; return draft.
retrocession.
/
refinancing, refunding; ~ debt refunding; ~ debt refunding; ~ credit refinancing.
to refinance, to refund.
/
reform; ~ banking reform; ~ monetary reform; ~ land reform; ~ municipal reform;
~ tax reform; ~ law reform; ~ market reform; ~ social reform; ~ fiscal reform;
~ economic reform; ~y to implement a reform.
recidivism; relapse.
to decide, to determine; () to settle, to resolve; ( ) to adjudicate; ~ to resolve a matter in smb's favour; ~

to decide against; ~ to decide for.
/
decision; () settlement; solution; () determination; adjudication; judgement; ~ decision of the
board of appeals; ~ decision of the arbitration commission; ~ judgement for the plaintiff; ~
200
judgement for the defendant; ~ to quash an award; ~ to award a

judgement; ~ to carry out an award; ~ to take a review against a judgement; ~ to recall
a decision; ~ to reconsider a decision; ~ to arrive at a decision; to decide;
~ to suspend a judgement.
risk; jeopardy; exposure; () hazard; peril; ~ failure risk; ~ risk of civil liability;
~ insured risk; ~ property risk; ~ investment risk; ~ inflation risk;
~ commercial risk; ~ credit risk; ~ uninsured risk; ~ to accept a risk;
~y to put at risk; ~ to cover a risk; ~ to avert a risk; ~a to keep a risk to a
minimum.
risky.
to risk; to venture; ( ) to gamble.

/
parent; ~ adoptive parents.
/
parental; ~ parental duties; ~oe parent custody.
relation; kinsman; relative; ~ collateral relation; ~ ancestor; ~ agnate;

~ immediate relative; ~ remote kinsman; ~ blood kin.
/ relationship; ancestry; kinship; relation; ~a collateral line; ~a ascending line;
~a descending line.
birth.
/
retail; retail trade; ~y to sell retail.
/
retail; ~ retail trade.
detection; retrieval; search; inquest; tracing; () inquiry; investigation; ~ search for stolen
property; ~ search for missing persons; ~ official retrieval.
moneylender; usurer; pawnbroker.
usurious; ~ usurious interest.
money-lending; usury.
rotation.
201
chief; boss; director; manager; executive; head; leader; ~ head of a department; ~ head of a ministry; ~
head of an enterprise; ~ economic executive.
to direct; to head; to manage; to be in charge; to conduct; to lead.
direction; guidance; leadership; management; administration; ~ administrative management; ~ senior

management; ~ collective leadership; ~ general management; ~ operational management;
~ practical guide; ~ current management; ~ economic management.
guarantee; guaranty; pledge; security; surety; warranty; ~ guarantee of the performance of a transaction;
~ to undertake a guarantee.
to guarantee; to warrant; to ensure; to vouch; to answer (for).
market; ~ share market; ~ foreign exchange market; ~ bill market; ~ merchandise market;
~ foreign market; ~ domestic market; ~ government market; ~ money market;
~ closed market; ~ mortgage market; ~ credit market; ~ interbank market;
~ international market; ~ local market; ~ world market; ~ national market;
~ illegal market; ~ unstable market; ~ wholesale market; ~ open market;
~ official market; ~ financial market; ~ black market.
racket; racketeering; ~a anti-racketeering; ~ to be engaged in racketeering.
racketeer.
sabotage; ~ to practise sabotage.
to sabotage.
sadism.
sadist.
balance; surplus; ~ bank balance; ~ balance of mutual settlements; ~ export

surplus; ~ active balance; ~ passive balance; ~ to strike the balance.
/
self-willed; wilful; ~ absence without leave.
202
/
self-defence; self-protection; ~ protection of rights; ~ personal self-defence; ~ in one's own
defence.
impostor; pretender.
self-control; ~ to lose one's self-control.
composure; self-control; self-possession. .
self-accusation; self-incrimination; self-inculpation.
self-deception.
/
self-defence; self-protection; ~ in one's own defence.
false confession; inculpation; self-incrimination.

AM
self-recoupment; self-repayment.
self-supporting; break-even.
self-exculpation; self-justification.
self-determination.
HE
self-sacrifice.
self-immolation.
self-consciousness; ~ national self-consciousness.

/E
self-preservation; ~ instinct of self-preservation.
independent.
gibbet law; mob law; lynching.
suicide; self-destruction; self-homicide; self-killing; self-murder; ~ to commit a suicide.
203
suicide; self-killer; self-murderer.

/
self-government; ~ local authority.
arbitrariness; usurpation of power.
sanctioning.
to approve; to authorize; to sanction.
sanction; () penalty; penal; ~ administrative sanction; ~ alternative penalty; ~

forced sanction; ~ contractual sanction; ~ punitive sanction; ~ mandatory sanction; ~
deterrent of law; ~ trade sanction; ~ penalty; ~ economic sanction.
/
redress; satisfaction; ~ to seek a redress.
( ) dues; duty; fee; tax; charge; collection; ~ collection of taxes; ~ fund-raising; ~ excise duty;
~ arbitration fee; ~ stamp duty; ~ commission; ~ consulage; ~ postage;
~ insurance charge; ~ customs dues.
to market; to sell; ~ to utter counterfeit money.

/
information; data; knowledge; ~ passing confidential information; ~ additional information;
~ secret information.
mother-in-law.
to overthrow; ( ) to dethrone.
overthrow; ( ) coup d'etat.

E
father-in-law.
testifier; witness; warrantor; ~ witness in attendance; ~, credible witness; ~ witness for the
defence; ~, unreliable witness; ~ witness for the prosecution; ~ sworn witness; ~
adverse witness; ~ false witness; ~ potential witness; ~ partial witness.
/
testimonial; ~ to bear evidence; to testify; to witness.
204
evidence; testimony; () certificate; warrant; ~ marriage certificate; ~ certificate of ownership; ~

birth certificate; ~ death certificate; ~ author's certificate; ~ interim certificate;
~ certificate of acknowledgement; ~ certificate of protection; ~ sanitary certificate; ~
certificate of insurance; ~ certificate of registry; ~ customs clearance; ~ to grant a certificate.
t affirm; to confirm; to certify; to testify.

/
freedom; liberty; ~ freedom of belief; ~ free will; ~ carte blanche; ~ freedom of contracts; ~
freedom of a person; ~ freedom of thought; ~ freedom of association; ~
freedom from all forms of slavery and servitude; ~ freedom of the press; ~ freedom of discussion; ~
freedom of speech and belief; ~ freedom of assembly;~ freedom of conscience; ~
civil liberties; ~ fundamental freedoms.
/
free; vacant; ~ free will; ~ free access; ~ free of all average; ~ free of debts; ~
exempt from a tax.
code; collection; compilation; ~ code of laws; ~ set of rules.
to pander; to procure.
pandering; pimping; procuration.
self-interest.
self-interested; self-seeking.
/O
() affinity; relationship by marriage; ~a degree of affinity.
brother-in-law; relative by marriage.
sister-in-law.
/
connection; bond; link; tie; ~ mutually advantageous ties; ~ extra-marital relations;
~ foreign economic relations; ~ business connections.
sacrilege; ~ to commit sacrilege.

/
sacred object; shrine; ~ to desecrate.
205
conspiracy; collusion; scheme; ~ conspiracy against justice.
to give in; to surrender.

/
transaction; bargain; deal; ~ cash deal; ~ - purchase and sale; ~ forward transaction;
~ barter deal; ~ exchange deal; ~ foreign trade contract; ~ reciprocal trade transaction;
~ good bargain; ~ clearing transaction; ~ business deal; ~ amicable compromise;
~ bogus affair; ~ void contract; ~ unilateral contract; ~ voidable contract;
~ illegal contract; ~ real bargain; ~ market transaction; ~ speculation;
~ commercial deal; ~ fictitious contract; ~ export deal; ~ juridical act.
H/
piecework; ~ payment by the piece; ~ piecework.
prime cost; self-cost; ~ cost per unit; ~ marginal cost.
safe; safe-deposit box.
sequester; sequestration; ~ to sequestrate.
secret; ~ know-how.
clerk; secretary; ~ clerk of the court.
in secret; secretly; () confidential; ~ top secret.
secretness.
/
confidential; secret; ~ to pass confidential information; ~ classified (secret) document.
/
family; marital; ~oe family status; ~oe family law.
nepotism.
family; ~ low-income family; ~ family of dependent children.
senator.
senatorial.
206
sensational.
sensation.
separatism.
separatist.
/
serate; ~ separate negotiations; ~ separate treaty.
easement; servitude; ~ continuous easement; ~ negative servitude; ~ appurtenant easement;

~ easement in gross; ~ easement of necessity; ~ affirmative easement; ~ private
servitude.
certificate; ~ quality certificate; ~ share certificate; - currency certificate; ~ weight certificate;

~ interim certificate; ~ registered certificate; ~ tax certificate; ~ official certificate;
~ to grant a certificate.
session; ~ assize court; ~ special session; ~ emergency session.
sister; ~ cousin; ~ stepsister.

/
force; strength; () power; ~ force of law; ~ armed forces; ~ probative force; ~
validity in law; ~ act of God/force majeure; ~ () retrospective effect of a law; ~ binding
force; ~ labour force; ~ legal effect; ~y to become effective; ~y to have the force of law;
~ to deprive of legal effect; ~y to emerge as law; ~y to legalize; ~y
by operation of law.
to simulate; to feign; to pretend.
simulation; () malingering.
orphan.
system; ~ legislative system; ~ international trusteeship system; ~ penal

system; ~ legal system; ~ judicial system.
situation.
207
bench; box; ~ prisoner's box.
scandal; ~ to make a row.
to brawl; to make a row.

/A
discount; abatement; allowance; reduction; ~ trade-in allowance; ~ commercial discount;
~ tax abatement; ~ tariff allowance; ~ trade discount; ~ discount from the price;
~y to abate; ~ to sell at a discount; ~y to claim a discount; ~ at a discount.
incitement, inducement; instigation; ~ interference with a witness.
disposition; inclination; tendency; ~ fraudulent propensity.
inclined; ~ aggressively inclined.
to incite, to incline; to induce.

/
speed; ~ actual speed; ~ permitted speed; ~ speed-limit; ~ excessive speed;
~ at a speed.
() to lie in hiding; () to flee; ~ to abscond.
to buy; to fence; to forestall.
( ) forestalling; ( ) cornering.
buyer-up; () fence dealer.
imbecility; feeble-mindedness; retarded mentality; ~ idiocy; ~ dotage.
imbecile; mentally deficient.
to follow; to watch; () to look (after), to take care.
interrogator; examining official; investigating officer; ~ case investigator; ~ investigator of cases of

particular importance; ~, investigator in charge; ~ government investigator.
208
/
investigating; investigative; investigatory; ~ commission of inquiry; ~ investigating authorities; ~
investigative isolation ward; ~ area of investigation; ~ investigative experiment.
consequence; () investigation; examination, inquest, inquiry; inquisition; ~ preliminary

examination; ~ judicial examination; ~ to be on remand.
to collate (with), to compare (with).
collation; comparison. word; ~ last plea.

/
employee; official; ~ tax officer; ~ customs officer; ~ bank clerk; ~
government official; ~ civil officer.
/
() department; service; () career; employment; ~ security service; ~ intelligence service; ~
supply service; ~ military service; ~ government service; ~ active service;
~ diplomatic service; ~ public utilities; ~ police service; ~
intelligence service; ~ staff service; ~ to call out for military service/to draft; ~
to discharge from military service.
/
official; ~ official secret; ~oe official position; ~ official functions.
/
event; incident; occurrence; (, ) chance; occasion; opportunity; ~ accident/mishap;
~ to insure against accidents; ~e in case of violation; ~e in case of need; ~ in
default of payment; ~, in cases provided for by law.
coincidence; chance.
accidental; casual; incidental; occasional.

/E
( ) hearing; trial; ~ hearing of a case in court; ~ hearing of cases in closed sessions;
~ open hearing of a case; ~ preliminary hearing of a case; ~ to set for a hearing; ~
to begin a hearing; ~ to conduct a hearing.
( ) to conduct a hearing.
/
deadly; lethal; ~ lethal dose; ~ to cause death by dangerous
driving.
death-rate; mortality; ~ accidental death-rate.
209
/
mortal; ~ capital punishment/death penalty.
/
deadly; lethal.
/
death; ~ accidental death; ~ violent death; ~ gift in view of
death; ~ death certificate.
() to commute; to mitigate; to reduce; ~ to commute a punishment.
() commutation; mitigation; ~ commutation of a punishment.
to remove; () to hire; to lease; to rent; () to relieve, ( ) to withdraw; ~ to remit a penalty;

~ to withdraw the money from an account; ~ to liberalize; ~ to take depositions; ~ to
discharge; ~ to clear smb of a criminal record.
photo; photograph; print.
leniency; tolerance.
lenient; tolerant. removal; () hire; lease; rent; ( ) discharge; dismissal; ( ) withdrawal; ()

expunging.
co-author; ~ joint inventor.

COABTOPCTB/O
-authorship; ~e in co-authorship.
co-lease; co-tenancy.
co-lessee; co-tenant.
to deprave; to seduce; () to debauch.
to follow; to observe; to adhere, to comply; ~ to keep terms.
adherence, compliance, observance; ~ adherence to contractual commitments; ~ due course of

law; ~ observance of traffic laws; ~ observance of legal norms; ~
subject to the following provisions.
meeting; gathering; rally; ( ) assembly; ~ legislative assembly; ~ constituent assembly.

210
owner; proprietor; ~ owner of property; ~ landowner; ~ trustee; ~

limited owner; ~ individual proprietor; ~ rightful owner (proprietor); ~ private owner.
/
ownership; property; ~ ownership of land; ~ leasehold; ~ rented property; ~ state
ownership; ~ trust; ~ ownership in common; ~ mortgaged property; ~ landed estate;
~ intellectual property; ~ personal ownership; ~ joint ownership; ~ communal property;
~ matrimonial property; ~ private ownership (property).
own; private.
AT
to accomplish; to execute; to implement; to perform; ~ to perform an act; ~ to make a contract; ~ to
commit a fraud; ~ to make a deal; ~ to commit a crime.
( ..) accomplishment; execution; implementation; performance; ~ execution of a will; ~

commission (perpetration) of a crime (of an offence).
/
full age; lawful age; ~ to be of full age; ~ on coming of age.
/
of full age.
/
conscience; ~ freedom of conscience.
advice; ( ) board; council; ~ board of directors; ~ council of ministers; ~ board of

guardians; ~ governing body; ~ state council.
adviser; counsellor; ~ counsellor of the embassy; ~ military adviser; ~ commercial counsellor;

~ economic adviser.
/
conference; meeting; ~ meeting in camera; ~ panel meeting.
/
advisory; consultative; deliberative; ~ in advisory capacity; ~ consultative body.
/
co-owner; co-proprietor.
co-proprietorship; joint ownership; co-tenancy; ~ tenancy in common.

B/O
combining jobs; ~y to combine jobs.
jointly; ~ jointly acquired property.

211
/
joint; ~ joint ownership; ~oe unity of possession; ~oe joint session; ~oe joint
statement; ~oe joint venture; ~oe joint residence.
/
aggregate; totality; ~ in the aggregate.
aggregate; total.
debaucher; seducer.
to debauch; () to deprave; to seduce.
seduction.
/
assent; consent; () agreement; () consensus; ~ marital consent; ~
consent to conclude a deal; ~ consent to pay damages; ~ consent to deliver goods; ~
consent of the parties; ~ mutual agreement; ~ tacit agreement; ~ mutual assent.
/
confirmed; conciliative; conciliatory; ~ commission of conciliation.
in accord; in concord; ( ) according (to).

/
agreeable (to), concordant (with); ~ if the parties agree thereto.
cordance; agreement; concordance; ~ co-ordination of action.

/
agreed; concerted; ~e concerted action.
compromise; conciliation; () collaboration.
to agree, to consent.
/
agreement; arrangement; () contract; () bargain; deal; ~ deed of arrangement; ~,
binding agreement; ~ arbitration agreement; ~ lease agreement; ~ trusteeship
agreement; ~ agreement on the establishment of diplomatic relations; ~
economic cooperation agreement; ~ indemnity agreement; ~
safeguards agreement; ~ credit agreement; ~ agreement of intent; ~ partnership agreement; ~
tariff agreement; ~ trade and payments agreement; ~ inheritance
agreement; ~ agency agreement; ~ arbitration agreement; ~ barter agreement;
~ concerted agreement; ~ foreign trade agreement; ~ agreement in force; ~ monetary
212
agreement; ~ short-term agreement; ~ licensing agreement; ~ interagency

agreement; ~ interstate agreement; ~ international agreement; ~
intergovernmental agreement; ~ amicable settlement; ~ multilateral agreement; ~ written
agreement; ~ payments agreement; ~ preliminary agreement; ~ working agreement; ~
commercial agreement; ~ labour agreement; ~ oral agreement; ~ legally binding agreement.
assistance; contribution; promotion; ~ to render assistance.
to assist; to promote; to render assistance (to).

/
1. content; 2. () payment; salary; wages; () allowance; 3. () maintenance; ~ detention;
~ interim custody; ~ continuous custody; ~ illegal custody;
~ () permanent alimony; ~ to settle an alimony.
to maintain; to support; ~ to maintain a family.
co-debtor; co-obligator; co-promisor.
joinder; joining; union; ~ joinder of claims.
to connect; to join; to link.
cohabitee.
cohabitation; extramarital relationship.
coapplicant.
to create; to make; () to establish; to found; to set up; ~ to set up a commission.
to avow oneself; to confess; ~ to confess to a crime.

/
consciousness; () awareness; realization; () acknowledgement; recognition; confession; ~
insensible/unconscious; ~ conscience of guilt; ~ sense of duty.
consciously; deliberately.
convocation.
to convene; to convoke; to summon; ~ to call a meeting.

213
applicant; candidate; competitor.
co-claimant; co-litigant; co-plaintiff.
to shorten; to cut down; to reduce.
co-creditor; co-promisee.
concealment; ~ concealment of documents; ~ concealment of evidence.

/
joint; ~ joint contract.
solicitor.
doubtful; questionable; dubious.
-heir; fellow heir; ~ joint heirs.
co-heiress.
co-accused; co-defendant.
to communicate , to inform, to notify; ~ to report any change of an address.

/
information; notification; message; (, ) communication; ~ press report; ~ false
information; ~ confidential communication.
association; community; union; ~ world community.
abettor; accessory; accomplice.
co-guardian.
/
accordance; compliance; conformity; correspondence; ~ according (to)/in accordance (with).
to accord (with), to comply (with), to correspond; ~ to accord with international obligations.

/
appropriate; consistent; ~ consistent with the law.
214
co-defendant; co-litigant; co-respondent.
rival; competitor.
to compete (with); to contend (with). rivalry; () competition.
co-accused; co-defendant.
-surety.
co-chairman.
/
opposition (to); resistance (to); ~ resistance to an authority; ~ to offer resistance (to);
~ to resist unlawfully.
to oppose; to resist.
composition; structure; ~ formal components (elements) of a crime.

/
ndition; state; () fortune; ~ condition of culpability; ~ belligerency; ~ state of affairs; ~ state
of health; ~ insanity; ~ drunkenness; ~ emergency condition; ~ mental condition;
~ to make a fortune; ~ to gather wealth; ~ to inherit a fortune; ~ acts of a
civil status.
( ) arguments of the parties.
adversarial character; contentiousness; ~ adversarial character of the judicial process.
to compete; to contend.
official; clerk; ~ security man; ~ secret-service agent; ~ bank clerk; ~ research

man; ~ staff man.
/O
collaboration; cooperation; ~ mutually advantageous cooperation; ~ all-round cooperation;
~ bilateral cooperation; ~ international cooperation; ~ multilateral cooperation; ~ to
cooperate (with); ~ to establish cooperation.
concussion; ~ brain concussion.
215
/
participation (in); complicity (in); implication (in); ~ accompliceship.
associate; collaborator; co-worker; ~ accomplice to a crime.

/
safe custody; safety; ~ perfectly safe.
to keep; to preserve.
/
social; ~oe social legislation; ~oe social security; ~oe social standing; ~oe social
insurance.
alliance; union; ~ defensive alliance.
ally.
/
allied.
/
allied; ~ treaty of alliance.
/
rescuing; life-saving; salvage; ~ salvage charges.
/
saver; salvor; ~ rescue team.
/
life-saving; rescue.
to rescue; to save.
rescue; salvation.
to gamble; to speculate (in); ( ) to play the market.
profiteer; speculator; ( ) black marketeer.
profiteering; speculation; ~ currency speculation.
( ) Speaker.
list; register; record; roll; ~ register of shareholders; ~ , trial docket; ~ electoral

roll; ~ record of service; ~ to enter in a list; ~ to draw up a list.
216
contest; dispute; () conflict; () litigation; ~ dispute over authorship; ~ dispute over the
jurisdiction of a case; ~ issue in law; ~ international dispute; ~ patent conflict; ~
litigation; ~ labour dispute; ~ to refer a dispute to arbitration; ~ to adjudicate a dispute;
~ to settle a litigation.
to argue (with); to contend (with).
debatable; disputable; contentious; controversial; ~ disputable issue; ~ fact in dispute.
method; way; mode; () means; ~ mode of carriage; ~ method of payment.

/
ability; capability; capacity; ~ purchasing power; ~ mental abilities; ~ capacity to pay a debt.
capable (of); () gifted; able.

/
fairness; justice; () impartiality; ~ principles of equity; ~ law of equity; ~ equity
court; ~ equity jurisdiction; ~ social justice.
/
fair; just; equitable; ~oe fair trial.
/
comparative; ~oe comparative law.
/A
environment; milieu; surrounding; ~ environmental protection; ~ social environment.
/
average; middle; ~ee secondary education; ~ average earnings; ~ to average.
/
1. way; means; medium; 2. () assets; funds; ~a mass media; ~ means of delivery; ~
public instrument; ~ means of payment; ~ remedy at law; ~
vehicle; ~a budgetary funds; ~a currency resources; - ~ civil relief; ~a cash
resources; ~ lawful tender; ~a fixed assets; ~ unlawful means; ~a means
of transportation; ~ relief.
term; time; period; ~ term of lease; ~ maturity; ~ duration of one's duties; ~ lapse
of actions; ~ duration; ~ duration of arrangement; ~ time of performance; ~
term for serving one's punishment; ~ term of payment; ~ maturity of a loan; ~
time of loading and discharge; ~ term of an appeal; ~ term of office; ~ time of
delivery; ~ time of prescription; ~ term of probation; ~ tenure of employment;
~ prison term; ~ period of probation; ~ unexpired term; ~ deadline;
~ statutory period.
217
falling-out; quarrel; ~ domestic quarrel.
to fall out (with), to quarrel (with).

/
loan; grant; ~ time loan; ~, uncovered loan; ~ loan against a guarantee; ~
loan on a collateral; ~ loan on a mortgage; ~ advance against goods; ~
loan at interest; ~ installment loan; ~ bank loan; ~ gratuitous loan;
~ gift loan; ~ loan for an indefinite term; ~ guaranteed loan; ~ public
loan; ~ money loan; ~ fixed loan; ~ real estate loan; ~ commercial loan;
~ loan at short notice; ~ concessional loan; ~ unlawful loan; ~ bad loan;
~ secured loan; ~ interest-bearing loan; ~ fixed loan; ~y to borrow money; ~y to
collect a loan; ~y to pay off a loan; ~y to contract a loan.
money lender.
borrower; receiver of a loan; bailee.
to lend; loan; ~ to lend on a collateral.
to banish; to deport; to expel.
to quote; to refer; to invoke; ~ to plead the Constitution.

/
1. citation; plea; quotation; reference; 2. () exile; banishment; deportation; ~ pleading a statute; ~
citation of an authority; ~ claim of a right; ~ plea of insanity; ~
unofficial citation.
T/
1. rate; 2. () headquarters; ~ discount rate; ~ tax rate; ~ rate of a duty; ~
high rate; ~ short-term rate of interest; ~ preferential rate; ~ tax rate; ~ low
rate; ~ official discount rate; ~ confrontation; ~ hourly rate; ~ fixed rate;
~y to quote a rate; ~y to raise a rate.
record of service; labour experience; length of service.
old age; senility.
gerontic; senile.
precedence; seniority.
218
status; ~ diplomatic status; ~ consultative status; ~ international status;

~ legal status; ~ social status; ~ legal status.
statute; statutory instrument.

/
statutory; ~oe statute law.
article; () clause; item; paragraph; section; ~ budget item; ~ contract clause; ~,

saving clause.
degree; extent; margin; ~ degree of guilt; ~ degree of kinship.
cost; value; ~ cargo value; ~ porterage; ~ cost of delivery; ~ cost of living; ~ cost
of transportation; ~ fare; ~ agreed cost; ~ hypothecation value; ~ market value; ~
exchange value; ~ denomination value; ~ sale value; ~ commercial value; ~ insurable
value; ~ value of a commodity; ~ net cost; ~ value-added tax.
collision; conflict; clash; ~ conflict of interests.
guard; watchman.
to guard; to watch.
/
side; party; ~ party to a dispute; ~, winning party; ~, party in default; ~,
non-breaching party; ~, defaulting party; ~ party to a contract; ~,
damaged party; ~, defeated party; ~, party to a contract; ~
party at fault; ~ contracting party; ~ interested party; ~ disinterested party;
~ party to a treaty; ~ damaged party; ~ adverse party; ~ conflicting parties.
/
guard; watch; ~ to hold in custody.
/
country, state; nation; ~ country of temporary residence; ~- debitor country; ~- debtor
country; ~ borrower country; ~- creditor country; ~ country of destination; ~ host country;
~ agricultural country; ~ world's leading industrial countries; ~ nonaligned country; ~ host country; ~ advanced country; ~ developing country;
~ economically independent country; ~ nuclear-weapon state; ~ to leave a country;
~ to deport from a country; ~ to bar entry into a country.
219
insurance; ( ) security; ~ aircraft insurance; ~ insurance of a cargo; ~ life insurance; ~

insurance of property; ~ credit insurance; ~ average insurance; ~ theft insurance; ~
accident insurance; ~ insurance against natural calamities; ~ insurance against
loss or damage; ~ passenger insurance; ~ disability insurance; ~ aerial insurance;
~ mutual insurance; ~ guaranty insurance; ~ insurance of property; ~ insurance of a
person; ~ marine insurance; ~ compulsory insurance; ~ perpetual insurance; ~ social
insurance; property insurance.
insured (person); insurant.
to insure; ~ to insure against accidents.

/
insurance; ~ insurance premium; ~ insurance payment; ~oe insurance compensation; ~oe
insurance cover; ~oe insurance company; ~ insurance agent; ~ insurance policy; ~ insured risk.
firing; shooting.
to fire; to shoot.
/
severe; rigorous; stern; strict; ~ strict supervision; ~ high security.
solicitor.
subagent.
/
sublease; subletting; subtenancy; ~y subletting; ~y to sublease; ~y to sublease.
sublessee; subtenant.
sublessor.
subcontract; ~ to subcontract.
subcontractor.
sub-delivery.
subcontractor; subsupplier.
220
subrogation; ~ conventional subrogation.
subsidiary.
/
grant; subsidy; ~ to give a grant (to), to grant a subsidy (to); , ~ grantee; ~ training
grant.
substitute.
subfreighter.
person; subject; entity; ~ copyright proprietor; ~ civil offender; ~

party to a civil case; ~ property criminal; ~ entity of international law;
~ party to a commitment; ~ entity of law; ~ party to a legal relationship; ~
party to a legal process.
subjectiveness; subjectivity.
/
subjective; ~e subjective right; ~oe subjective judgement.
sovereignty; ~ state sovereignty; ~ to violate the sovereignty; ~ to defend sovereignty;

~ to recognize sovereignty.
BEPEHH/
sovereign; ~oe sovereign right.
court; court of justice; law-court; tribunal; ~ bench trial; ~ court of appeal; ~

industrial relations court; ~ justice's court; ~ court of inferior
jurisdiction; ~ common law court; ~ common bench; ~ court of the first
appearance; ~ divorce court; ~ court of common pleas; ~
juvenile court; ~ bankruptcy court; ~ court of
equity; ~ court of honour; ~ administrative court; ~ court of appellate jurisdiction;
~ arbitration court; ~ military tribunal; ~ civil court; ~ summary court;
~ land court; ~ correctional court; ~ cassational court; ~ constitutional
court; ~ magistrate's court; ~ independent court; ~ court of inferior jurisdiction; ~ circuit
court; ~ patent court; ~ court of conciliation; ~ domestic court; ~ transport court;
~ arbitration court; ~ federal court.
-/
forensic medical; ~ act of forensic medical examination.
221
/
judicial; juridical; legal; ~ judicial authority; ~ judicial office; ~ degree of jurisdiction; ~
judicial board; ~ forensic medicine; ~ judicial summons; ~ judicial reform; ~ lawsuit; ~oe
judiciary establishment; ~oe judicial proceedings; ~oe judicial session; ~oe court order; ~oe
court decision; ~oe judicial law; ~oe prosecution; ~oe judicial proceedings; ~oe
judicial separation; ~oe examination in court; ~oe examination in court; ~ court
judicial expenses; ~ judicial document; ~ injunction; ~ judicial immunity; ~ bailiff; ~
court supervision; ~ judicial circuit; ~ judicial body; ~ court agent; ~ judicial judgement; ~
injunction; ~ judicial process; ~ judicial distribution of property; ~ sequestration of property; ~
court fine; ~ judicial statute; ~ court expert.
/
judicatory; judicial; legal; ~ judicial assembly; ~oe officer of justice; ~oe judgement seat.
/
criminal record; precondemnation; previous conviction; record of conviction; ~ first conviction; ~ subsequent
conviction; ~ to have a previous conviction.
to judge; to try.
to have legal proceedings; to go to the law.
boat; craft; ship; vessel; ~ foreign-going ship; ~ foreign-going ship; ~,

ship registered under a flag of convenience; ~, national flag
ship; ~, shipwreck; ~, missing ship; ~ injured ship; ~ passing ship;
~ cargo boat; ~ chartered ship; ~ linear ship; ~ pilot ship; ~ tanker;
~ passenger ship; ~ liner; ~ fishing vessel; ~ rescue boat; ~ dry cargo
ship; ~ cargo boat; ~ merchant ship; ~ to hire a ship; ~ to load a ship; ~ to unload a
ship.
ship holder; shipowner.

/O
court procedure; the judicial system; ~ administrative court proceedings; ~ arbitral justice;
~ civil justice; ~ adversary justice; ~ constitutional court proceedings; ~ accusatorial justice;
~ written procedure; ~ criminal court proceedings; ~ oral procedure; ~ to embarrass a trial;
~ to carry out court proceedings.
judicature; legal system; the judiciary.

/
judge; justice; magistrate; ~ administrative law judge; ~ appellate court judge; ~
judge in court; ~ circuit judge; ~ trial judge; ~ justice of the case; ~
justice of common pleas; ~ chancellor; ~ justice of the peace; ~ circuit judge;
222
~ chief judge; ~ arbitrator; ~ federal judge; ~ justiceship;

~ appointment of a judge; ~ removal of a judge; ~ judge's powers.
judgement; opinion.
suicide.
/
amount; sum; ~ amount of compensation; ~ outstanding amount; ~ amount in controversy; ~
total value of an estate; ~ arrears; ~ amount of expenditures; ~ amount of damages;
~ sum of money; ~ deficient amount; ~ fractional amount; ~ outstanding amount;
~ outstanding amount; ~ amount of a judgement; ~ amount due; ~ fixed
sum.
/
summary; ~ summary conviction; ~ summary jurisdiction.
lunatic; mad.
lunacy; madness.
husband; spouse.
spouse; wife.
/
conjugal, marital, matrimonial; ~ breach of faith; ~ tenancy by the entirety; ~ to
adulterize.
conjugal state; matrimony; wedlock.
trafficker in prostitutes; pimp; ponce; procurator of women.
procuration of women; trafficking in prostitutes.

/
important; substantial; ~ important amendment.
/
fabricated; framed.
to fabricate; to fake; to forge.
account; bill; ~ advance account; ~ bank account; ~ blocked account; ~ deposit

account; ~ closed account; ~ frozen account; ~ correspondent account; ~ personal
223
account; ~ outstanding bill; ~ paid bill; ~ current account; ~ transferable account;

~ preliminary invoice; ~ savings account; ~ current account; ~ to accept an
invoice; ~ to withdraw money from an account; ~a to charge off; ~ to tamper
with accounts.
to consider; to deem; to regard.
crime detection; detection.
detective; investigative.
TH
secret; ~ privacy of correspondence; ~ state secret; ~ commercial secret; ~

official secrecy.
taxation.
customs officer.
/
customs; ~ customs declaration; ~ customs duty; ~ customs formalities; ~ customs
duties; ~ customs courts; ~ customs examination; ~ customs tariff.
custom-house; customs.
rate; tariff; ~ high rate; ~ freight rate; ~ preferential rate; ~ low rate.
bodyguard.
bidding; tender; ~a terms of a tender.

/
territorial; ~ territorial integrity; ~ territorial jurisdiction.
territory; ~ self-governing territory; ~ customs area.
terror; ~a act of terrorism.
to terrorize,
224
terrorism; ~ international terrorism.
terrorist.
terrorist; ~ act of terrorism.
father-in-law.
mother-in-law.
title; ~ title of ownership; ~ legal title; ~ to take a title; ~a title

holder; ~ defect of a title.
goods; commodity; merchandise; ~ durable goods; ~ inferior goods; ~

essential commodities; ~ consumer goods; ~ faulty goods; ~ goods
in short supply; ~ insured goods; ~ unmarketable goods; ~ consumer commodities;
~ stolen merchandise; ~ basic goods; ~ fast-moving commodities; ~ to pledge goods;
~ to deliver goods; ~ to sell goods; ~ to dispose of goods; ~ to insure goods.
society; association; () company; firm; ~ to enter into partnership; ~ limited partnership.
commodity expert; goods manager.
toxicologist.
toxicology.
/
construction; interpretation; ~ construction of statutes; ~ interpretation of a legal norm; ~
misconstruction; ~ limited interpretation; ~ broad interpretation; ~ judicial interpretation.
to construe; to interpret; ~ to interpret in the accused's favour; ~ to misconstrue; ~
to interpret narrowly; ~ to interpret broadly.
bargaining; bidding; tender; ~ closed tenders; ~ announced tenders; ~ open tenders;

~ to win a tender; ~ to hold a tender.
to deal; to trade.
dealer; merchandiser; merchant; () seller; tradesman; vendor; ~ dope-pusher; ~ dealer; ~

distributor; ~ retail dealer; ~ marketeer; market trader.
225
/
trade; traffic; commerce; ~ trafficking in stolen goods; ~ drug pushing; ~ barter; barter
trade; ~ free trade; ~ mutually advantageous trade; ~ export trade; ~ illegal
trade; ~ world commerce; ~ illegal trade; ~ wholesale trade; ~ retailing; retail trade.
-/
commercial and economic; ~oe commercial/trade and economic agreement.
/
trade; commercial; mercantile; ~ chamber of commerce; ~ trade policy; ~ deal; ~oe
trade legislation; ~ law of merchant; ~oe commercial legal relations; ~oe trade mission; ~oe
commercial agreement; ~oe merchant ship; ~ trade relations; ~ trade sanctions; ~
commercial agent; ~ commercial arbitration; ~ commercial attache; ~ commercial contract; ~
commercial broker; ~ trade representative; ~ mercantile marine.
/
trauma; injury; ~ off-the-job injury; ~ employment accident; ~y to receive an injury.
traumatism; injuries; ~ job-related injuries.
transit; ~ in transit.
tranquilizer.
transport; ~ air transport; ~ bus transport; ~ automobile transport; ~ water

transport; ~ air transport; ~ cargo transport; ~ railway transport; ~ passenger
transport.
carriage; transportation.
transfer.
road; route.
drawer of a bill of exchange; issuer; drawer of a cheque.
drawee.
/
bill of exchange; draft; ~ inland bill; ~ documentary bill; ~ term draft; ~y to
accept a draft; ~ to draw a bill.
/
demand; requirement; () claim; ~ claim for damages; ~, statutory requirement; ~
demand for a relief; ~ claim for a penalty; ~ contractual requirements; ~ bank's
226
requirement; ~ counterclaim; ~ monetary claim; ~ claim/lawsuit; ~ payment request;

~ lawful demand; ~ to advance a demand; ~ to comply with the requirements of the law;
~ to admit a claim; ~ to meet a demand.
/
arbitral; ~ arbitration court; ~oe arbitration; ~oe arbitral award; ~ to settle a
dispute by arbitration.
trilateral; tripartite.
tribunal; ~ international tribunal; ~ court martial.
labour; work; ~ hired labour; ~ unskilled labour; ~ compulsory labour.

/
labour; working; ~ labour discipline; ~ labour legal capacity; ~oe labour
legislation; ~e labour law; ~ employment contract; ~ labour conflict; ~ length of service.
/
ability to work; labour ability; ~ disability.
T/
able-bodied.
employment; job placement.
corpse.
/
prison; ~oe prison law.
/
jail; prison; penitentiary; ~ maximum security prison; ~ high security prison; ~y to
put to prison/to imprison; ~ jail delivery.
litigation; lawsuit; suit.
gravity; severity; ~ gravity of a crime.

/
heavy; ~oe grave bodily harm.
/
refuge; harbour; shelter; asylum; ~ diplomatic asylum; ~ political asylum; ~ to give harbour;
~a to seek a shelter; ~a to violate a sanctuary; ~a right of asylum.
227
to kill; to murder; to slaughter.

/O
homicide; killing; manslaughter; murder; assassination; ~ heat of passion homicide; ~ homicide
for revenge; ~ involuntary homicide; ~ assassination for political reasons; ~
() excusable homicide; ~ assassination; ~ massacre; ~
first-degree murder; ~ second-degree murder;
~ to commit a homicide; ~ attempted murder.
homicide; killer; assassin; ~ assassin/hired killer; ~ professional killer.

/
losses; () damages; ~ speculative damages; ~ temporary damages; ~ financial losses;
~ consequential damages; ~ multiple damages; ~ irrecoverable damages;
~ necessary damages; ~ marginal damages; ~ direct damages; ~ added damages;
~ to recover damages; ~ to repair damages; ~ to lay damages; ~ to bear damages; ~
to pay damages; ~ to assess damages; ~ to cover damages.
to respect; ~ to respect the norms of international law.
respect; ~ respect for law; ~ respect for territorial integrity and inviolability
of frontiers.
information; notice; notification; ~ notice of a claim; ~ notice of dishonour; ~ advice of

dispatch; ~ notice of a trial; ~ notice of intention; ~ notice of application;
~ acknowledgement of receipt; ~ notice of a general meeting; ~ formal
notice; ~ statutory notice.
to inform; to notify; ~ to notify of one's intention.

/E
injury; mutilation; maim; ~ maiming.
dismissal; layoff; removal; ~ discharge from the army; ~ discharge for inaptitude; ~
redundancy.
to dismiss; to lay off; to remove ; ~ to transfer to the reserve.
criminal; felon.
-/
criminally liable; ~oe criminally punishable act.
228
-
criminally responsible.
-/
of criminal procedure; ~oe law of criminal procedure; ~ code of criminal (penal) procedure.
/
criminal; penal; ~ criminal liability; ~ criminal jurisdiction; ~oe criminal act; ~oe criminal
law; ~oe prosecution; ~oe criminal offence/felony; ~oe criminal justice; ~
criminal/law; ~ criminal code; ~ criminal procedure.
hijacking; () auto theft/carjacking; () skyjacking.
hijacker; carjacker; skyjacker.
to menace; to threaten.
/
menace; threat; danger; jeopardy; ~ menace to international security; ~ menace of violence; ~
menace of an injury; ~ immediate menace; ~ potential menace; ~
justifiable menace; , ~ threatening letter; ~ removal of a threat.
removal; sending away; ~ recess of the jury.
to leave; to move off; to retire; to withdraw; ~ to retire for deliberations.
blow; stroke; ~ intentional infliction of blows; ~ to deliver a blow.
to deliver a blow; to hit; to strike.

/
1. () detention; 2. () deduction; 3. ( ) distraint; retention; ~ ()
lien; ~ retention of possession of property; ~ () detainer.
to detain; to retain; () to deduct, to withhold, ( ) to distrain.

/
satisfaction; recovery; redress; relief; ~ allowance of a claim; ~ money satisfaction; ~ legal redress;
~ adequate consideration; ~ to give satisfaction; ~ to satisfy a claim.
to satisfy; to meet; to redress; ~ to allow an appeal; ~ to allow a claim; ~ to meet the requirements.
/
1. () certificate; 2. () acknowledgement; authentication; certification; verification; ~ certificate of
identity; ~ certificate of registration; ~ driver's licence.
229
to attest; to authenticate; to certify; () to identify.
to adopt; to affiliate.
strangulation.
to choke; to strangle; to strangulate.
legalization; legitimation.
legitimized.
to legalize; to legitimatize.
inmate; prisoner.
usurper.
usurpation.
to usurp.
3
bonds; links; ties; ~ family bonds.
edict; decree; ordinance; ~ to issue a decree.

/
indication; () direction; directive; instruction.
( ) avoidance ; dodging; evasion; ~ tax avoidance.

O
( ) to avoid; to dodge; to evade; to elude; ~ to evade one's duty; ~
to dodge responsibility; ~ to elude a treaty.
concealer; harbourer.
concealment; harbouring; ~ adoption of stolen goods.

AT
to shelter; to conceal; to harbour; ~ to harbour a criminal.
230
/
evidence; evidence of a guilt; ~ sufficient evidence; ~ circumstantial evidence; ~
incontrovertible evidence; ~ direct evidence.
to prove smb guilty; ~ to catch in a deception.
ultimatum.
mind; intellect; ~e of sound mind and memory.
to decrease.
diminishing; decreasing; lessening; reduction; ~ tax relief; ~ mitigation of damages; ~

reduction in a claim.
deceased; decedent.
to die.
non-disclosure; reticence.
/
mental; ~ mental ability.
/
design; forethought; intent; malice; ~ intentional premeditated malice; ~ implied malice;
~ challenge-able malice.
designedly; intentionally; wilfully; ~ intentionally committed act.

/
aforethought; deliberate; intentional; wilful; ~ intentional fault; ~ wilful neglect; ~oe intentional
bankruptcy; ~oe intentional crime; ~e malicious damage.
to intend; ~ to intend fraudulently.
to become heir; to inherit; ~ to inherit by a will; ~ to inherit by a descent.

/
humiliating; degrading; ~ee degrading treatment.
humiliation; abasement; degradation; ~ abasement of human dignity.
unification.
231
to unify.
to annihilate; to destroy; to liquidate.

/
annihilation; destruction; elimination; ~ destruction of property; ~ intentional destruction of a
document.
/
payment; ~ discharge of a debt; ~ payment of costs; ~ to evade a tax.
to pay.
authorized agent; plenipotentiary.

/
authorized; entitled; ~ to be authorized.
to authorize; to empower; to entitle.
administration; management; ( ) board; department; ~ driving; ~

administration of state affairs; ~ administration of a bankrupt's estate; management of the property of a debtor;
~ trust.
to administer; to conduct; to govern; to manage; ~ to drive a car; ~ to administer state affairs;

~ to administer property.
manager; ~ business manager; ~ personnel manager.
authorized; empowered; ~ authorized by law.
to entitle; to authorize; to empower.
authorization; power.
annulment; cancellation; abolition.
to annul; to cancel; to abolish.
strengthening; consolidation.
to consolidate; to strengthen.
232
to simplify; to facilitate; ~ to simplify the formalities.
failure; neglect; omission.
adjustment; settlement; ~ judicial settlement; ~ settlement of disputes; ~

settlement of territorial claims; ~ international settlement; ~ peaceful settlement of differences;
~ political settlement.
to adjust; to regulate; to settle; ~ to settle a dispute.

/
level; rate; scale; ~ crime rate; ~ death rate; ~e meeting at the top level/summit
meeting.
/E
condition; ( . .) provision; clause; term; ~ contractual terms; ~ terms of surrender; ~
terms of employment; ~ conditions for release on bail; ~ terms of payment; ~ terms of
delivery; ~ terms of sale; ~ terms of trade; ~ labour conditions; ~ contractual terms;
~ easy terms; ~ unacceptable terms; ~ to settle the terms; ~ to violate the terms;
~ to revise the terms; ~ to accept the terms; ~ to observe the provisions; ~ to make
conditions; ~ on condition of reciprocity.
conditionally; provisionally; ~ to discharge conditionally.

/
conditional; provisional; ~oe conditional discharge; ~oe probation; ~ conditional sentence.
/
service; favour; ~ banking services; ~ public services; ~ health service; ~ paid
services; ~ intermediary services; ~ transportation services; ~ legal services.
/
discretion; ~ sentencing discretion; ~ discretion of the court; ~ to release on
discretion.
statutes; charter; constitution; covenant; regulations; ~ articles of association; ~ rules of a bank; ~

judicial statute; ~ rules of procedure; ~ army rules; ~ customs regulations.
to put up; to set up; () to establish; to institute; () to ascertain; ~ to enact; ~ to

ascertain guilt; ~ to establish business-like cooperation; ~ to establish diplomatic
relations; ~ to establish identity; ~ to provide for punishment; ~ to prescribe a rule; ~ to
determine patentability; ~ to prescribe the rules of procedure; ~ to ascertain the extent of
damage; ~ to establish the fact.
233
establishment; ascertainment; setting; ~ establishment of business- like cooperation; ~

establishment of diplomatic relations; ~ establishment of identity; ~ affiliation/establishment of paternity;
~ ascertainment of damage; ~ judicial identity.
/
verbal; oral; parol; ~ verbal arrangement; ~oe verbal agreement; ~ oral
evidence; ~ verbal contract.
elimination; eradication; removal; ~ elimination of contradictions.
to eliminate; to remove; ~ to settle differences.
to cede; to concede; to give way.

/
cession; compromise; concession; () surrender; transfer; ~ to make mutual concessions.
adoption; affiliation.
to adopt; to affiliate.
concealment; ~ fraudulent concealment.
to conceal; to disguise.
to confirm; to affirm; to assert; () to adopt; to approve; () to authorize; to sanction; ~ to probate a

will; ~ to affirm a decision.
confirmation; affirmation; assertion; (.) adoption; approval; () authorization; sanction; sanctioning; ~

approval of the budget; ~ probate of a will; ~ affirmation of a decision.
loss; forfeit; ~ loss of legal capacity; ~ loss of property; ~ forfeit of a right.
to lose; () to forfeit.
to participate; to take part; ~ to participate in the session of the court.

E
participation; taking part; ~ with the participation.
participant; partner; ~ party to a contract; ~ negotiator/participant in the negotiations; ~ privy;

~ bargainer/participant in a transaction.
234
part; area; section; () lot; ~ parcel of land; ~ electoral district; ~ personal plot of land.
destiny; fate; lot.
accounting; calculation; inventory; registration; ~ accountancy/accounting; book-keeping.
to discount; to consider; to note; ~ to discount a bill.
founder; promoter; ~ company promoter.

/
constituent; constitutive; ~oe constituent assembly; ~ articles of association.
to establish; to found; to institute; to set up; ~ to float a company.

/
establishment; founding; setting up; institution; ~ floating of a company; ~ administrative
agency; ~ institution; ~ penal institution; ~ credit agency; ~ international
institution; ~ government agency.
infringement; interference, limitation; restriction; ~ infringement of national interests.
to infringe; to interfere, to limit; to restrict; ~ to infringe the sovereignty of a state.
harm; injury; lesion; loss; ~, claimed damage; ~ actual damage; ~ damage to

property; ~ moral damage; ~ irreparable damage; ~ incidental damage;
~ actual damage; ~ to recover damage; ~ to make amends; ~ to damage; ~ to assess
damage; ~ to cover damage; ~ to ascertain the extent of the damage done;
~a compensation for damage.
vulnerability.
vulnerable.
fabrication; manufacture; falsification; simulation.
to fabricate; to manufacture; to falsify; to simulate; ~ to fabricate false evidence.

235
facsimile.
fact; matter; ~ fact of a crime; ~ incontestable fact; ~ ascertained fact;

~ matter of record; ~ unconfirmed fact; ~ contestable fact; ~ established
fact; ~ fabricated fact; ~ juridical fact; ~ to distort facts; ~ to juggle
with facts; ~ to suppress a fact.
actually; in fact.
/
factual; real; actual; ~ error in fact; ~oe factual possession.
() bill; invoice; ~ commercial invoice.

/
facultative; optional; ~ optional jurisdiction.
fabrication; falsification; fake; forgery; ~ forgery.
falsified; simulated; fabricated; framed-up.
to fabricate; to falsify; to frame up; to fake; to forge.
fake; forgery; counterfeit.
counterfeiter; coiner; forger of bank-notes.

/
counterfeit; fake; false; forged; ~ forged documents.
family.
fanaticism.
fanatic.
fanatic; fanatical.
federal; ~ federal judge.

/
federate; federated; federative; ~oe federative state.
236
federation.
/
felony; ~ to commit a felony.
fiduciary.
/
physical; ~ physical defect; ~ manual labour; ~oe physical oppression.
/
fake; fictitious; bogus; sham; ~ fictitious marriage.
/
financing; funding; ~ state financing.
to fund; to sponsor.
financier.
/
financial; ~ financial inspectorate; ~ financial operation; ~ financial support; ~oe
financial legislation; ~oe financial law.
firm; agency; company; ~ broker firm; ~ commercial firm; ~ law firm.
fiscal.
fund; resources; stock; ~ currency fund; ~ payroll fund; ~ investment fund;

~ charitable foundation; ~ currency fund; ~ trust fund; ~ investment
fund; ~ capital funds; ~ pension fund; ~ trustee fund; ~
insurance fund; ~ private fund; ~ to establish a fund; ~ withdrawal of funds.
form.
/
formality; technicality; ~ to comply with formalities.
/
formal; ~e adjective law.
to formulate; to state.
formulation; statement; ~ legal wording.
blank.
237
-
act of God; force majeure.
photocopy.
-
free into barge.
-
free on board a vessel.
-
free on car; free on wagon.
-
free on lorry.
-
free on truck.
-
free on board.
franchise; ~ unconditional franchise.
freight; freightage; ~ out-and-home freight; ~ outgoing freight; ~ freight prepaid;

~ air freight; ~ additional freight; ~ sea freight; ~ back freight; ~
prepaid freight; ~a to claim a freight; ~a amount of a freight.
/
freightment; freight; freightage; chartering; ~ contract of affreightment.
charterer; freighter.
to affreight; to charter; to freight.
carrier.
freehold; free tenure.
freeholder.
performance; functioning; operation.

/
function; ~ judicial functions; ~ penalty function; ~ to exercise one's functions.
238
negligence; neglect of a duty; carelessness; ~ neglect of an official duty.
reference; ~ reference from one's place of work.
charter.
hedge.
to hedge.
stealing; theft; larceny; ~ stealing of state property; ~ minor larceny.

/
petition; motion; application; plea; solicitation; ~, motion in court; ~
motion for rtiorari; ~ motion for a pretrial release; ~ motion for a
discharge; ~ - motion for a release from custody; ~ motion for a dismissal; ~
motion for a new trial; ~ appeal; ~ appeal for pardon; ~
plea of nullity; ~ petition for examining the case by a jury trial;
~ written motion; ~ verbal motion; ~ to enter a motion; ~e to defeat a motion; ~
to consider a motion; ~ to grant an application.
to apply; to petition; to plead.

-
holding company.
bachelor; single man.

X/E
custody; storage; ~ possession of stolen goods; ~ safe custody; ~ to take charge; ~ to deposit.
custodian; keeper; ~ bailee; ~ collector of a decedent's estate.
to store; to preserve; to keep in store.
rowdyism; ruffianism; ~ malicious hooliganism.
239
alienator; assignor; grantor; transferor.
integrity; ~ a territorial integrity of a state.

/
aim; goal; object; purpose; ~ object of an action; ~ criminal intent; ~ for charitable purposes;
~ with a mercenary motive.
/
price; cost; ~ amount of a claim; ~ discounted price; ~ auction price; ~ stock exchange price;
~ agreed price; ~ moderate price; ~ overcharge; ~ purchase price; ~
undercharge; ~ commercial price; ~ competitive price; ~ contract price; ~ world
prices; ~ face value; ~ starting price; ~ face value; ~ final price; ~
wholesale price; ~ approximate price; ~ lump sum; ~ purchase price; ~ retail price;
~ market price; ~ sliding price; ~ reduced price; ~ speculative price; ~ fair
price; ~ tariff price; ~ export price; ~y to overestimate a price; ~y to fix a price;
~ at the agreed price; ~e at a discount.
qualification; ~ age qualification; ~ electoral qualification; ~ property qualification.

/
censorship; censure; ~e to subject to censorship.
/
value; worth; ~ currency values; ~ declared value; ~ material values; ~ declared
value; ~ valuation.
/
expensive; ~ registered matter; ~ capital issues/securities; ~ government securities.
/
ceremony; rite; ~ official ceremony.
alienee; assignee; cessionary; grantee; transferee.

/
assignment; cession; transfer; ~, equitable assignment; ~
object of a cession.
circular letter.
240
-
charter-party.
partial.
ACTH/
private; ~ private property; ~oe special court ruling; ~oe private law; ~oe
private business; ~ private entrepreneur.
check; bill; () receipt; ~ flash cheque; ~ accepted cheque; ~ bank cheque;

~ cheque drawn to a named person; ~ unaccepted cheque; ~ invalid cheque; ~
dishonoured cheque; ~ cancelled cheque; ~ protested cheque; ~ order cheque;
~ bearer cheque; ~ overdue cheque; ~ sale receipt; ~ to draw a cheque;
~ to pay a cheque; ~ to present a cheque for payment.
drawer of a cheque.
officer; official; ~ high-ranking official; ~ civil servant; ~ assessor; ~ officer

of justice; ~ customs officer.
() member; ~ member of the commission; ~ director; ~ conspirator/member

of the conspiracy; ~ trade-union member; ~ associate justice; ~ associated member;
~ full member.
/
emergency; extraordinary; ~oe emergency laws; ~oe emergency state; ~ emergency
powers.
blackmail; () racket; ~a extortion by a blackmail.
to blackmail; to racketeer.
blackmailer; racketeer.
espionage; spying; ~ industrial espionage; ~ to be engaged in espionage.
241
( ) personnel; staff; ~ to reduce the staff.
civilian.
fine; penalty; ~ administrative fine; ~ penalty for a delay in the delivery of

goods; ~ exacted penalty; ~ pecuniary penalty; ~ penalty awarded by arbitration;
~ to exact a fine; ~ to fine; ~ to pay a fine; ~ to cover the amount of a fine;
~a action for a penalty; ~a forfeit; ~a penalty charging.
/
penal; vindicatory; ~ vindicatory sanction.
to fine; to penalize.
blackleg; strike-breaker.
blacklegging; strike-breaking.
evacuation.
/
exequatur; ~ to refuse to grant an exequatur; ~ to obtain an exequatur.
execution.
copy; specimen; ~ duplicate copy; ~ single copy; ~ authenticated copy.
expatriate.
expatriation.
to expatriate.
forwarder; shipping agent.
experiment; ~ investigative experiment.
242
examiner; expert; surveyor; ~ law expert; ~ expert by the defence; ~

commercial expert; ~ independent expert; ~ court expert; ~ expert's report.
/
expertise; expert appraisal; expert's report; ~ novelty examination; ~ fair appraisal; ~ selective
appraisal; ~ handwriting expertise; ~ fingerprint identification; ~ independent
examination; ~ patent examination; ~ preliminary examination; - ~ forensic medical
examination; ~y to carry out an examination; ~ expert evidence.
/
expert; ~ commission of experts; ~oe expert's report.
export; ~ export of goods; ~ export of services.
exporter.
to export.
/
export; ~ export duty.
expropriation.
exterritoriality.
/
extradition; ~ extradition treaty; ~ extradition law; ~ extraditable.
extremist.
excess.
emancipation.
to emancipate.
embargo; ~ to impose an embargo; ~ to lift an embargo.
emigrant; emigre; exile.
to emigrate.
emission.
243
emitter; issuer.
escalation; ~ escalation of a conflict.
judically; legally; ~ founded in law; ~ legally binding.

/
juridical; juristic; legal; ~ validity in law; ~ relevance in law; ~ legal advice; ~
invalidity; ~ legal obligation; ~ legal liability; ~ ignorance of law; ~
judicial aid; ~ juridical act; ~ legal force; validity; ~ legal wording; ~ legal
restraints; ~ legal relations; ~ legal effect; ~ legal events; ~ legal sense; ~ legal
status; ~ law term; ~oe legal act; ~oe incorporated person; ~oe legal ground; ~oe legal
position.
jurisdictional.
/
jurisdiction; competence; judicature; ~ common law jurisdiction; ~ original jurisdiction; ~
equity jurisdiction; ~ administrative jurisdiction; ~ appellate jurisdiction;
~ state jurisdiction; ~ civil jurisdiction; ~ legislative jurisdiction; ~ foreign
jurisdiction; ~ exclusive jurisdiction; ~ supervisory jurisdiction; ~ general jurisdiction;
~ protective jurisdiction; ~ court jurisdiction; ~ territorial jurisdiction.
jurisconsult; legal counsel.
jurisprudence.
jurist; lawyer; ~ qualified lawyer; ~a legal advice.

/
justice; judicature; ~ lay justice; ~ penal justice.
appearance; ~ giving oneself up; ~y to assure the appearance of a witness.

/
nuclear; ~e nuclear arms.
244
poisonous.
language; ~ diplomatic language; ~ official language; ~ working language; ~ native

language.
245

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Docendo discimus

2004-16 WWW.MIRIPRAVO.RU - , , lexmercatoria

paragraph; to begin a new paragraph.

to subscribe (to); to book.

guarantor of a bill; surety on a bill.

to advance, to pay an advance; to pay on account.

as an advance; by way of an advance.

carriage by air, air transportation.

transport by road, road transport; transport by truck, trucking.

author; ~ author of invention, inventor.

motor transport; motor-vehicle transport.

assets; holdings; deposits; ~ frozen/blocked assets; ~ liquid/quick assets; ~ current assets;

agent; broker; ~ lessor's agent; ~ general agent; ~ commercial agent; ~

agency, branch; local office; distributorship; ~ government agency; ~ estate agency; ~

agents; secret service.

agrement; ~ to give an agrement; ~a to refuse to give an agrement; ~ to receive an agrement.

adequate, sufficient, equal to.

administrator; ~ administrator ad litem.

address; ~ business/office address; ~ current/temporary address; ~ incorrect address;

addressee; () consignee; ( ) offeree.

adultery; , ~ adulterer; adulteress.

agio, exchange premium.

1. () certificate, statement; deed; instrument; note; record; 2. () act, action; ~ administrator's

-. deed of settlement; ~ certificate of audit; ~ judicial act; ~ acts of a

assets, holdings, resources; ~, trust assets; ~ rented assets;

acceptance; ~ acceptance of a bill; ~ acceptance of a draft/draft acceptance; ~ acceptance for honour;

acceptance; ~ acceptance credit.

acceptance; ~ acceptance for honour; ~ consumer acceptance; ~ .

excise, excise duty, indirect tax; ~ excisable; ~ excise.

shareholder, stock holder, stock-owner, holder of stocks; ~, majority shareholder;

joint-stock; corporate; ~ joint-stock company; corporation; ~ joint-stock bank.

alibi; ~ to alibi; ~ to have an alibi; ~ to establish alibi.

dipsomaniac; drunkard; ~ chronic alcoholic.

allonge; ~ to annul/ to cancel an allonge; ~ to sign an allonge; ~ term of guarantee

alliance; ~ to conclude an alliance.

to amnesty; to give an amnesty/a pardon.

amoral; immoral; ~ immoral deed.

to amortize, to depreciate; to charge off.

analysis; ~ data analysis; ~ income-expenditure analysis; ~ () cost analysis; ~

analogue; ~ international standards.

annuity; ~ life annuity; ~ terminable annuity.

(, ) to annul, to cancel; to abrogate; () to denounce; ( ) to invalidate; to

anti-social; ~ anti-social deed.

to appeal; ~ to appeal to a higher instance.

apparatus; () staff, personnel; ~ administrative managerial machinery; ~ state

arbitrator, arbiter; ~a disqualification of an arbitrator; ~a functions/duties of an arbitrator; ~a

arbitrage; arbitration; ~ appeal to arbitration; ~ international commercial arbitration;

argument; reason; ~ to refute arguments; ~ merit of the defence; ~ to present arguments.

( ) tenant; () leaseholder, lessee, leaver; ~ tenant at will; ~ long-lease

( ) to rent; () to lease, to take on lease; () to charter.

arrest; (, , ) arrest; (, ) attachment; () confiscation, seizure; ()

rrestee; arrested person.

to arrest; to seize, to confiscate; ( ) to attach; () to lay embargo.

to appropriate, to allocate, to assign.

association; ~ the Bar Association; ~ corporate association; ~ arbitration

attache; ~ military attache; ~ commercial attache.

certificate; ~ quality certificate.

auditor; ~a auditor's report.

auction; public sale; ~ international auction; ~ open auction; ~a regulations of an auction;

autopsy; post-mortem examination.

cheat; confidence trick; fraud; speculation.

cheat; double-dealer; speculator.

affect; passion; ~a in the heat of passion.

affidavit; ~ to make an affidavit.