Technicaltraining.

Productinformation.
F10ChassisDynamics

BMWService

Generalinformation
Symbolsused
Thefollowingsymbol/signisusedinthisdocumenttofacilitatebettercomprehensionandtodrawattentiontoparticularlyimportantinformation:

Containsimportantsafetyguidanceandinformationthatisnecessaryforpropersystemfunctioning
andwhichitisimperativetofollow.
Informationstatusandnational-marketversions
TheBMWGroupproducesvehiclestomeettheveryhigheststandardsofsafetyandquality.Changes
intermsofenvironmentalprotection,customerbenefitsanddesignmakeitnecessarytodevelopsystemsandcomponentsonacontinuousbasis.Consequently,thismayresultindifferencesbetween
thecontentofthisdocumentandthevehiclesavailableinthetrainingcourse.
Asageneralprinciple,thisdocumentdescribesleft-handdrivevehiclesintheEuropeanversion.Some
controlsorcomponentsarearrangeddifferentlyinright-handdrivevehiclesthanthoseshownonthe
graphicsinthisdocument.Furtherdiscrepanciesmayarisefrommarketspecificorcountry-specific
equipmentspecifications.
Additionalsourcesofinformation
Furtherinformationontheindividualtopicscanbefoundinthefollowing:

intheOwner'sHandbook

intheintegratedservicetechnicalapplication

Contact:conceptinfo@bmw.de
2009BMWAG,Munich,Germany
ReprintsofthispublicationoritspartsrequirethewrittenapprovalofBMWAG,Munich
TheinformationinthedocumentispartoftheBMWGrouptechnicaltrainingcourseandisintended
foritstrainersandparticipants.RefertothelatestrelevantBMWGroupinformationsystemsforany
changes/supplementstothetechnicaldata.
Informationstatus:December2009
VH-23/InternationalTechnicalTraining

F10ChassisDynamics
Contents
1.

Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1.
Drivingdynamicsandcomfort.......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.
BusSystemDiagram....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

2.

Models............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.
Comparison..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

3.

ChassisandSuspension................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.
Frontaxle............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.1.
Technicaldata............................................................................................................................................................................ 8
3.1.2.
NotesforService.................................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.2.
Rear axle............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.2.1.
Technicaldata........................................................................................................................................................................11
3.2.2.
NotesforService............................................................................................................................................................. 11
3.3.
Wheels................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 12
3.4.
Suspension/damping................................................................................................................................................................................... 12

4.

Brakes............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14
4.1.
Servicebrake............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14
4.2.
ElectromechanicalparkingbrakeEMF........................................................................................................................... 15
4.2.1.
Systemoverview............................................................................................................................................................... 16
4.2.2.
Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................18
4.2.3.
Systemstructure.............................................................................................................................................................. 19
4.2.4.
Systemfunction................................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.

Steering...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
5.1.
Basicsteering.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
5.1.1.
Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................34
5.1.2.
Systemoverview............................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.2.
IntegralActiveSteering........................................................................................................................................................................... 36
5.2.1.
Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................37
5.2.2.
Activesteering...................................................................................................................................................................... 38
5.2.3.
Rearsuspensionslipanglecontrol..................................................................................................... 49

6.

DynamicDrivingSystems........................................................................................................................................................................................50
6.1.
Force-transferdirections....................................................................................................................................................................... 50
6.2.
DynamicStabilityControl .................................................................................................................................................................. 50
6.3.
ElectronicDamperControl(EDC/VDC)..........................................................................................................................52
6.4.
DynamicDrive(ARS)................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
6.5.
HandlingSettingSwitch........................................................................................................................................................................ 57
6.5.1.
DynamicDrivingPrograms............................................................................................................................... 59

F10ChassisDynamics
1.Introduction
1.1.Drivingdynamicsandcomfort

F10Chassisandsuspension

Index

Explanation

Suspension/dampers

ElectromechanicalPowerSteering(EPS)

IntegralVrearaxle

ElectromechanicalParkingBrake(EMF)

Wheels

DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)

Brakes

Double-wishbonefrontaxle

ARSenginedrivenhydraulicpump

10

ARSsystemfluidreservoir

ThechassisandsuspensionoftheF10arebasedonthatoftheF01,whichsetnewstandardsin
termsofdrivingdynamicsandcomfort.ThechassisandsuspensionhavebeenadaptedtotheF10requirementsresultinginexceptionaldrivingdynamicswithacontinuedveryhighlevelofcomfort.

F10ChassisDynamics
1.Introduction
ThefamiliartechnologicalinnovationsfromtheF01likeIntegralActiveSteering,IntegratedChassis
ManagementICM,DynamicDriveandElectronicDamperControlEDCarealsoinstalledintheF10.

F10ChassisDynamics
1.Introduction
1.2.BusSystemDiagram

F10Bussystemdiagram

F10ChassisDynamics
1.Introduction

Index

Explanation

Wakeablecontrolunits

Controlunitsauthorizedtowakeupthevehicle

Startupnodecontrolunits,forstartingupandsynchronizingtheFlexRaybus
system

ACC-SEN

ActiveCruiseControlSensor

ACSM

AdvancedCrashSafetyModule

AL

Activesteering

AMPH

AmplifierHigh(highfidelityamplifier)

AMPT

AmplifierTop(tophighfidelityamplifier)

BSD

Bit-serialdatainterface

BCU

BatteryChargeUnit(chargingunitforauxiliarybattery)

CAS

CarAccessSystem

CIC

CarInformationComputer

CICBasic

CarInformationComputerBasic

CID

CentralInformationDisplay

Combox

Comboxmultimediawithtelematics

CON

Controller

DCAN

DiagnosisonControllerAreaNetwork

DME

DigitalMotorElectronics

DSC

DynamicStabilityControl

DVD

DVDchanger

EDCSHL

ElectronicDamperControl,rearleftsatelliteunit

EDCSHR

ElectronicDamperControl,rearrightsatelliteunit

EDCSVL

ElectronicDamperControl,frontleftsatelliteunit

EDCSVR

ElectronicDamperControl,frontrightsatelliteunit

EGS

Electronictransmissioncontrol

EKPS

Electronicfuelpumpcontrol

EMF

Electromechanicalparkingbrake

EPS

ElectronicPowerSteering

Ethernet

Cableddatanetworktechnologyforlocaldatanetworks

FD

Reardisplay

FD2

Reardisplay2

FlexRay

Fast,presetandfault-tolerantbussystemforuseinautomotiveapplications

FRM

Footwellmodule

FZD

Rooffunctioncenter

F10ChassisDynamics
1.Introduction
Index

Explanation

GWS

Gearselectorswitch

HKL

Luggagecompartmentlidlift

HSR

Rearsuspensionslipanglecontrol

HUD

HeadUpDisplay

ICM

IntegratedChassisManagement

IHKA

Integratedautomaticheating/airconditioning

JBE

Junctionboxelectronics

KAFAS

Camera-baseddriverassistancesystem

K-Bus

Bodybus

K-CAN

Bodycontrollerareanetwork

KCAN2

Bodycontrollerareanetwork2(500kBit/s)

KOMBI

Instrumentcluster

LIN-Bus

LocalInterconnectNetworkbus

Local-CAN

LocalControllerAreaNetwork

MOST

MediaOrientedSystemTransport

MOSTport

MediaOrientedSystemTransportport

NVE

NightVisionelectronics

PDC

ParkDistanceControl

PMA

ParkingManeuveringAssistantControlUnit

PTCAN

PowertrainCAN

PTCAN2

Powertraincontrollerareanetwork2

OBD

Diagnosissocket

RSE

Rearseatentertainmentsystem

SDARS

Satellitetuner

SMBF

Frontpassengerseatmodule

SMFA

Seatmodule,driver

SWW

BlindSpotDetection

SZL

Steeringcolumnswitchcluster

TPMS

TirePressureMonitoringSystem

TRSVC

Controlunitforreversingcameraandsideview

VDM

VerticalDynamicsManagement

VSW

Videoswitch

ZGM

CentralGatewayModule

F10ChassisDynamics
2.Models
2.1.Comparison
Thefollowingtableprovidesanoverviewofthetechnicaldataofthechassisandsuspensionsofthe
E60andF07comparedtotheF10.
Description

E60BMW535i

F07BMW535i
GranTurismo

Wheelbase

2888mm

3070mm

2968mm

Trackwidth,front

1558mm

1611mm

1600mm

Trackwidth,rear

1581mm

1654mm

1627mm

Basicwheeltires

225/50R1794W

245/50R18
100WASRSC

245/45R1896VRSC

Basicwheelrims

7.5Jx17IS20

8Jx18LM30

8Jx18LM30

Frontaxle

Two-jointspring
strutfrontaxle

Double-wishbonefrontaxle

Double-wishbone
frontaxle

Suspension/damping,
front

Steelspring/conventionalorEDC

Steelspring/conventionalorEDC

Mechanicalor
hydraulic(DynamicDrive)

Mechanicalor
hydraulic(DynamicDrive)

Brakedisc324mm

Brakedisc348mm

Steering

Hydraulicsteering
oractivesteering

HydraulicorIntegral
ActiveSteeringIAL

Electromechanical
powersteering

Rearaxle

IntegralIVrear
suspension.

IntegralVrearaxle

IntegralVrearaxle

Steelspringor
airspring/conventionalorEDC

Airspring/conventionalorEDC

Mechanicalor
hydraulic(DynamicDrive)

Mechanicalor
hydraulic(DynamicDrive)

Brake,rear

Brakedisc320mm

Brakedisc345mm

Brakedisc345mm

Parkingbrake

Drumbrakewithparkingbrakeleverand
automaticcableadjustment

DrumbrakewithEMF
(electromechanicalparkingbrake)

DiscbrakewithEMF
(electromechanical
parkingbrake)

Stabilizerbar,front
Brake,front

Suspension/damping,
rear
Stabilizerbar,rear

F10BMW535i

Steelspring/conventionalorEDC
Mechanicalorhydraulic(Dynamic
Drive)
Brakedisc348mm

Steelspring/conventionalorEDC
Mechanicalorhydraulic(Dynamic
Drive)

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension
3.1.Frontaxle

F10Frontaxle

Index

Explanation

Springstrut

Topwishbone

Swivelbearing

Stabilizerlink

Bottomwishbone

Wheelhub

Trackrod

Tensionstrutwithhydraulicmount

Frontaxlesubframe

10

Anti-rollbarwithhydraulicswivelmotor(DynamicDrive)

11

Steeringgear
7

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension
Thedouble-wishbonefrontaxleintroducedwiththeE70/E71isusedinarefinedversionintheF01/
F02,F07andF10.Theaxleisequippedfortheuseofanall-wheeldrive.EDCorconventionalshock
absorberscanbeinstalled.
Forservice,thesteeringgearcanbeloweredalltheway.

3.1.1.Technicaldata
Description

F10

Casterangle

70'

Camber
Totaltoe-in

-012'30'
10'12'

Toeangledifference

12'

Steeringaxisinclination

957'

RimoffsetIS

30mmfor17"and18"
33mmfor19"

Kingpinoffset

2.77mmfor17"and18"
5.77mmfor19"

Trackwidth

1600mmfor17"and18"
1594mmfor19"

Maximumwheelsteeringlockangle,outer

330'

Maximumwheelsteeringlockangle,inner

4214'

3.1.2.NotesforService
Thefollowingtablesshowwhenawheelalignmentatthefrontaxleisnecessary.
Afterreplacingthefollowingcomponents:

Wheelalignmentrequired

Frontaxlesubframe

YES

Steeringgear

YES

Bottomwishbone

YES

Rubbermountforlowertransversecontrolarm

YES

Tensionstrut

NO

Rubbermountfortensionstrut

NO

Topwishbone

NO

Rubbermountforuppertransversecontrolarm

NO

Trackrod

YES

Swivelbearing

YES

Wheelbearing

NO

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension
Afterreplacingthefollowingcomponents:

Wheelalignmentrequired

Springstrut

NO

Coilspring

NO

Mount

NO

Undoingorlooseningthefollowingconnections:

Wheelalignmentrequired

Frontaxlesubframetobody(lowering)

NO

Steeringgearunittofrontaxlesubframe

YES

Lowertransversecontrolarmtofrontaxlesubframe

YES

Lowertransversecontrolarmtoswivelbearing

NO

Tensionstruttofrontaxlesubframe

NO

Tensionstruttoswivelbearing

NO

Uppertransversecontrolarmtobody

NO

Uppertransversecontrolarmtoswivelbearing

NO

Trackrodtosteeringgear

NO

Trackrodheadtotrackrod

YES

Trackrodheadtoswivelbearing

NO

Springstruttolowertransversecontrolarm

NO

Strutmounttobody

NO

Lowersteeringshafttosteeringgear

NO

Steeringcolumntolowersteeringshaft

NO

3.2.Rearaxle
TheintegralVrearaxleinstalledintheF10isaninnovativefurtherdevelopmentoftheIntegralIVrear
axlefromtheE60/65.Theoptimizedlightweightconstructionrearaxlemadeofaluminiumhasbeen
specificallyadaptedtothenewrequirementsformorepowerandtorque.Itintegratestherequired
chassiscontrolsystemssuchasIntegralActiveSteeringforgreaterdrivingdynamicsandcomfort.
Fortheexactoperatingprincipleoftheintegralactivesteering,refertotheinformationbulletinentitled
"TransversedynamicsystemsF01/F02".

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension

F10IntegralVrearaxle

Index

Explanation

Thruststrut

Springstrut

Topwishbone

Integrallink

Wheelcarrier

Wheelbearing

A-arm(swingingarm)

10

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension
Index

Explanation

Trackrod

Rubbermountforrearaxle

10

Rearsuspensionsubframe

11

HSRactuator

3.2.1.Technicaldata
Tires

Wheelrims

Totaltoe-in

Camber

Trackwidth

RimoffsetIS

225/55R17

8Jx17

14'12'

-150'25'

1627mm

30mm

245/45R18

8Jx18

14'12'

-150'25'

1627mm

30mm

275/40R18

9Jx18

14'12'

-150'25'

1599mm

44mm

275/35R19

9Jx19

14'12'

-150'25'

1599mm

44mm

3.2.2.NotesforService
Thefollowingtablesshowwhenawheelalignmentattherearaxleisnecessary.
Afterreplacingthefollowingcomponents:

Wheelalignmentrequired

Rearsuspensionsubframe

YES

Rubbermountforrearaxle

NO

Swingingarm

YES

Integrallink

YES

Balljointinswingingarm

YES

Controlarm

YES

Wishbone

YES

Wheelcarrier

YES

Wheelbearing

NO

Springstrut

NO

Mount

NO

Undoingorlooseningthefollowingconnections:

Wheelalignmentrequired

Rearaxlesupportonbody

NO

Frontcompressionstrutonbody

NO

Rearcompressionstrutonbody

NO

Frontswingingarmonrearaxlesupport

YES
11

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension
Undoingorlooseningthefollowingconnections:

Wheelalignmentrequired

Rearswingingarmonrearaxlesupport

YES

Swingingarmonintegrallink/wheelcarrier

YES

Integrallinkonwheelcarrier

NO

Controlarmonrearaxlesupport

YES

Controlarmonwheelcarrier

NO

Wishboneonrearaxlesupport

YES

Wishboneonwheelcarrier

YES

Springstrutonwheelcarrier/swingingarm

NO

3.3.Wheels
TheF10comesstandardequippedwithrun-flattiresinallthemodels.
Thefollowingtableslisttheavailabletiresizes.
528i

535i

Fronttire

225/55R1797W

245/45R1896VRDC

245/45R1896YRSC

Reartire

225/55R1797W

245/45R1896VRDC

245/45R1896YRSC

Frontrim

8Jx17LMIS30

8Jx18LMIS30

8Jx18LMIS30

Rearrim

8Jx17LMIS30

8Jx18LMIS30

8Jx18LMIS30

275/40R18

275/35R19

Optionaltireavailable
withsportpackage

550i

275/35R19

Note:TheTirePressureMonitoringSystem(TPMS),whichwasintroducedin2005,continues
tobeusedontheF10

3.4.Suspension/damping
TheF10isequippedasstandardwithconventionalshockabsorbersandcoilspringsonthefrontand
rearaxle.EDC/VDCisoptionaland,dependingonthemodel,isalsoavailablecombinedwithARSin
theoptionalequipmentAdaptiveDrive(option2VA).
ElectronicDampingControl,ActiveRollStabilization,andAdaptiveDriveareavailableonlyincombinationwiththeZDHDynamicHandlingPackageonthe535iand550i.EDCisofferedindependentlyas
anoptiononthe528i.
TheEDCisthesameVerticalDynamicControl(VDC)introducedwiththeE70/E71andlaterinstalled
onF0xmodels.

12

F10ChassisDynamics
3.ChassisandSuspension
TheEDC/VDCisasub-functionoftheVerticalDynamicsManagement(VDM).Theservomotorsand
sensorsontheshockabsorbers,referredtoassatellites,areconnectedtotheVDMcontrolunitvia
FlexRay.Thedrivedynamiccontrolswitchinthecenterconsolemakesitpossibletoselectthedampingcharacteristics,whicharestoredintheVDMcontrolunit.
Note:TheEDC/VDCsystemisdescribedintheF01/F02"VerticalDynamicsSystems"training
materialavailableonTISandICP.

13

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes

F10Brakes

Index

Explanation

Brakefluidexpansiontank

Brakebooster

Brakepedal

Electromechanicalparkingbrakeactuator

Brakedisc

DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)

Brakecaliper

4.1.Servicebrake
TheF10hasahydraulicdual-circuitbrakesystemwitha"front/rearsplit".Lightweightbrakediscswith
rivetedaluminiumhubsareinstalledonallmodels.Conventionalaluminiumfloatingbrakecalipersare
usedonthefrontaxle.Spheroidalgraphite(SGiron)castironfloatingbrakecaliperswithintegrated
EMFactuators(fortheelectromechanicalparkingbrake)areusedontherearaxle.
AsonallBMWvehiclesthebrakepadwearmonitoringfortheConditionBasedServicedisplayis
used.
Thebrakediscsareventilatedatboththefrontandrearaxle.
Thefollowingtableslistthebrakedimensionsofthevariousengineversions.

14

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Frontaxle

528i

535i

Brakerotordiameter

348mm

348mm

374mm

Brakerotorthickness

30mm

30mm
36mm

36mm

Brakepistondiameter

60mm

60mm

60mm

Lightweight
construction

Lightweight
construction

528i

535i

Brakerotordiameter

330mm

330mm

345mm

Brakerotorthickness

20mm

20mm

24mm

Brakepistondiameter

44mm

44mm

44mm

Lightweight
construction

Lightweight
construction

Type
Rearaxle

Type

550i

Lightweightconstruction
550i

Lightweightconstruction

4.2.ElectromechanicalparkingbrakeEMF
TheF10usesanelectromechanicalparkingbrakeEMFintegratedintotherearbrakecalipers.
ThesystemissimilartotheEMFsystemintroducedintheE89Z4.
TheuseoftheEMFoffersthefollowingadvantages:

Operationviaanergonomicbuttoninthecenterconsole

ReliableengagingandreleasingoftheEMFunderallconditions

Automaticprotectionofthehydraulicholdingfunctions(SeeF10AutomaticHoldFunction
andActiveCruiseControlACC)

Adynamicemergencybrakingfunctionisensuredevenwithalowcoefficientoffrictionviathe
(ABS)controlsystems

Thediscontinuationoftheparkingbrakeleverinthecenterconsolecreatesspacefornew
equipmentfeatures.

15

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
4.2.1.Systemoverview

F10Systemoverviewforelectromechanicalparkingbrake

16

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Index

Explanation

DSCunit

Brakecaliper,frontleft

Brakecaliper,frontright

Brakecaliper,rearright

Brakecaliper,rearleft

Parkingbrakebutton

Wheelspeedsensor,frontleft(notusedfortheEMF)

Wheelspeedsensor,frontright(notusedfortheEMF)

Wheel-speedsensor,rearright

Wheelspeedsensor,rearleft

EMFactuator,rearleft

EMFactuator,rearright

EMF

Electromechanicalparkingbrake

DSC

DynamicStabilityControl

JBE

Junctionboxelectronics

KOMBI

Instrumentcluster

PTCAN

PowertrainCAN

17

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
4.2.2.Systemwiringdiagram

F10SystemwiringdiagramforEMF

18

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Index

Explanation

DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)

CentralGatewayModule(ZGM)

Footwellmodule(FRM)

Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)

CarAccessSystem(CAS)

Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)

Parkingbrakebutton

Frontdistributionbox

Rearpowerdistributionbox

EMFcontrolunit

10

EMFactuator,rearleft

11

EMFactuator,rearright

12

Wheelspeedsensor,rearleft

13

Wheel-speedsensor,rearright

PT-CAN

PowertrainControllerAreaNetwork

DFA_EMF

RedundanthardwiredspeedsignalfromDSCtoEMF

Note:TheDFA_EMFisahardwiredsignalfromDSCtoEMFwhichcarriesawheelspeedinformation.
Forsafetyreasons,itisveryimportant,thattheEMFNOTbeactivatedaslongasthevehicleismoving.ThereforetheEMFusestwoinputsignalstoconfirmvehiclespeed:Bus-SignalandtheDFA_EMF
hardwiredsignal.

4.2.3.Systemstructure
TheEMFcontrolunitreceivesthedriver'scommandtoengagetheparkingbrakethroughtheparkingbrakebutton.Thevehicleconditionisqueried/detectedviatheelectricalsystemconnectionand
thebussystems.Thecontrolunitdecideswhetherallconditionsforengagingtheparkingbrakearein
place.Ifthisisthecase,thetwoEMFactuatorsontherearbrakecalipersareactivated.

19

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes

F10EMFfunctionalprinciple

Index

Explanation

Instrumentcluster

Flowofinformation

Parkingbrakebutton

EMFcontrolunit

EMFactuator

4.2.4.Systemfunction
Theself-lockingfacilityinthespindlemaintainsthetensionforceevenwhende-energized,andthevehicleisheldsecurelyinplace.Aftertherequiredforceisreached,thedetectedstatusisindicatedbya
redindicatorlightintheinstrumentpanelandanadditionalredLEDintheparkingbrakebutton.

20

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes

F10StructureofEMFactuator

Index

Explanation

Push-fitconnection

Electricmotor

Drivebelt

Planetarygearing

Casing

Connectiontospindle

TheEMFactuatorisfastenedtothebrakecaliperandactsdirectlyonthebrakepiston.
Anelectricmotor(2)andadrivebelt(3)transmittheforcetoatwo-stageplanetarygeartrain(4).The
spindleshowninthefollowinggraphicisdrivenviatheconnectiontothespindle(6).

21

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes

F10Spindleandspindlenutinthebrakepiston

Index

Explanation

Groove

Spindlenutwithanti-twistlock

Brakepiston

Spindle

Spindleendstop

Connectiontotheplanetarygeartrain

F10Current-forcecurveEMF

Index

Explanation

Currentcurve

Forcecurve

EngagingtheEMF

EngagedEMF

DisengagingtheEMF

22

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes

F10OverviewofEMFactuatorwithbrakecaliper

Index

Explanation

Push-fitconnection

Electricmotor

Drivebelt

Planetarygearing

Casing

Brakepiston

Spindlewithspindlenut

Rollerbearing

23

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes

F10Parkingbrakeengagedwithnewbrakepads

Index

Explanation

Drivebelt

Planetarygearing

Brakepiston

Dustboot

Sealingring

Wormnut

Electricmotor

Spindle

Rollerbearing

10

Sealingring

11

Casing

Thedrivercantriggertheprocessofengagingthevehicle'sparkingbrakebypullingtheparkingbrake
button.Theoperatingdirectionisthesameastheoperatingdirectionofthepreviouslyusedmechanicalparkingbrakelever.ThesignalfromtheparkingbrakebuttonisreadinbytheEMFcontrolunit.The
EMFcontrolunitactivatestheEMFactuatorsontherearbrakecalipersindividually.
Engagingispossibleineverylogicalterminalstatus.Engagingatterminal0ismadepossiblebyintegratingterminal30intotheEMFcontrolunit.Ifthedriveroperatestheparkingbrakebuttonatterminal0,theEMFcontrolunitiswokenup.TheEMFcontrolunitinturnwakesuptheothercontrolunits
onthevehicle.OnlythencantheEMFcontrolunitreceivetheimportantinformationrelatingtovehicle
standstill.Inaddition,thechangedstatusoftheparkingbrakecanbedisplayedafterthesystemhas
beenwokenup.
24

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Thestatus"parkingbrakeengaged"isindicatedbyaredindicatorlightintheinstrumentpanelandan
additionalredLEDintheparkingbrakebutton.Oncetheparkingbrakeison,pullingtheparkingbrake
buttonagainhasnoeffect.

F10Indicatorlight,parkingbrakeengageddisplay

Rollingmonitorwithparkingbrakeengaged
Therollingmonitorfunctionisintendedtopreventthevehiclefromrollingwiththeparkingbrakeengaged.Rollingmonitorisengagedwheneverastatechangeoftheparkingbrakefrom"disengaged"to
"engaged"takesplaceandendsfollowingadefinedtimeafterthisstatechange.
AsignalfromtheDSCisusedastheinputvariableforroll-awaydetection.Assoonasthissignalindicatesthatthevehiclehasstartedtorollaway,aretensioningoftheEMFactuatorsiscarriedoutimmediately.Todoso,theEMFactuatorsaresuppliedwithfullcurrentfor100mstoincreasethetension
force.Afterwards,thesystemwaitsfor400ms.Ifthevehiclerollsagain,theretensioningprocessisrepeated(amaximumofthreetimes).Ifrollingofthevehicleisstilldetectedafterthethirdretensioning,
thefunctionendswithanentryinthefaultmemory.
Temperaturemonitoring
Thetemperaturemonitoringensurescompensationfortheforcereductionthattakeseffectfrom
whenhotbrakediscscooloff.Thetemperaturemonitoringisactivatedifthetemperatureexceedsa
certainvalueduringthestatechangeoftheparkingbrakefrom"released"to"engaged".
ThetemperatureofthebrakediscsiscalculatedindividuallyforeachwheelbytheDSCcontrolunit
andtransmittedtotheEMFcontrolunit.Duringthestatechange,thehigherofthetwobrakedisctemperaturesisusedforthetemperaturemonitoring.Thecorrespondingtemperaturerangesarestoredin
acharacteristicmapalongwiththecorrespondingretensioningtimes.
Dependingonthetemperatureduringthestatechange,thecorrespondingretensioningtimesfrom
thecharacteristicmapareactivated.Whenthefirstretensioningtimeisreached,thefirstretensioning
takesplace.Afterthesecondretensioningtimeexpires,anotherretensioningtakesplace;yetanothertakesplaceafterthethirdtimeexpires.Inthecharacteristicmap,thevalue0canalsobestoredfor
oneormorespecificretensioningtimes.Therespectiveretensioningoperationsarethenomitted.The
functionendswhenthelastretensioningoperationiscompleted.
Disengagingtheparkingbrake
Todisengagetheparkingbrake,theparkingbrakebuttonispushed.However,fortheparkingbrake
toactuallyreleased,terminal15mustalsobeONandatleastoneofthefollowingconditionsmustbe
met:

Thebrakepedalmustbedepressed

Theautomatictransmissionparkinglockmustbeengaged

Theclutchpedalactuated(vehicleswithmanualtransmissiononly).

25

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Thispreventsthevehiclerollingif,forexample,anotheroccupantofthevehicle(otherthanthedriver)
pressesintheparkingbrakebutton.
Oncetheparkingbrakeisreleased,theredindicatorlampintheinstrumentpanelandtheredLEDin
theparkingbrakebuttongoout.
ActivatingtheEMFactuatorsetsthespindleinmotion.Thespindlerotationmovesthespindlenut
awayfromthebrakepistonbyasmalldefineddistance.
Dynamicemergencybraking
Thelawrequiresthatvehicleshavetwomeansofapplyingthebrakes(withthefirstbeingthebrake
pedal).IntheF10,thesecondistheparkingbrakebuttononthecenterconsole.Iftheparkingbrake
buttonispulledwhilethevehicleisinmotion,thedynamicemergencybrakingprocedureisappliedby
theDSCsystem.Thisfunctionisintendedforemergencysituationsinwhichthedriverisunabletoapplythebrakesbypressingthebrakepedal.Asasafetymeasure,otheroccupantsofthevehiclecanalsousethistobringthevehicletoastopif,forexample,thedriversuddenlylosesconsciousness.
Dynamicemergencybrakinghydraulicallyappliesbrakepressureatallfourbrakes.TheDSCfunctions
arefullyactiveandthebrakelightsareactivated.Thatrepresentsamajoradvantageovermanualparkingbrakes.
Thedynamicemergencybrakingtakesplaceonlywhiletheparkingbrakebuttonispulled.ThedecelerationsetbytheDSCisincreasedprogressively.Duringthedynamicemergencybraking,theEMFindicatorlightisactivatedintheinstrumentpanel.Inaddition,aCheckControlmessageandanaudible
warningsignalareissuedtomakethedriverawareofthecriticalsituation.
Ifthedriverusesthebrakepedalandpullstheparkingbrakebuttonatthesametimetoslowdown,the
DSCcontrolunitprioritizes.Thegreaterbrakingrequirementisputintoeffect.Ifdynamicemergencybrakingiscontinuedtothepointofstandstill,thevehiclecontinuestobeheldstationaryafterthe
parkingbrakebuttonisreleased.TheEMFindicatorlightontheinstrumentclusterremainsactive.The
drivercanthenreleasetheparkingbrakeonceagain(see"Releasingtheparkingbrake").
Parkingbrakefault
Intheeventofafaultoftheparkingbrake,theEMFindicatorlightisactivatedandlightsupinyellowin
theinstrumentpanel.ACheckControlmessageisoutput.

F10Indicatorlight,parkingbrakefaultdisplay

Emergencyrelease
Noemergencyreleaseoftheparkingbrakeisprovidedforthecustomer.
TheparkingbrakecanbeunlockedbyunscrewingtheEMFactuatorsandmanuallyturningbackthe
spindles.
Note:NospecialtoolsarerequiredtomanuallyreleasetheEMFatthecalipers.
26

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Changingthebrakepads
Tochangethebrakepads,theEMFactuatormustbeinthecompletelyopenpositionsothatthebrake
pistoncanbepushedback.TheEMFactuatorscanbeactivatedandmovedintothecompletelyopen
positionwiththeBMW(ISTA)diagnosticssystem.Thispositionisnecessarytochangethebrake
pads.Oncetheinstallationpositionisreached,theinstallationmodeissetautomatically.

F10Electromechanicalparkingbrakewithspindlenutinworkingpositionforexchangingthebrakelinings

Note:Forsafetyreasons,aslongastheEMFcontrolunitisininstallationmode,theparking
brakecannotbeactivated.Iftheparkingbrakebuttonisactuateddespitethis,theEMFindicatorlightflashesyellowintheinstrumentpanel.
Installationmodecanbecancelledintwoways:

Byrunningthe"Resetinstallationmode"servicefunctionusingISTA

Bydrivingthecar;aprogrammedminimumspeedhastobeexceeded.

Afterbeingchanged,thebrakepadsmustbebedded-in.Thisisnecessarytoensurethebrakepad
andbrakediscpairingassumesthespecifiedfrictionparameters.Onlythenwilltherequiredbraking
forcebereached.

Note:Theexactprocedureforbedding-intheservicebrakesisdescribedintheRepairInstructions.Theinstructionsmustbefollowedexactly.

27

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Braketeststanddetection
Basedonaplausibilitycheck(wheelspeedcomparison),theEMFcontrolunitdetectsthebraketest
standandswitchestobraketeststandmode.Detectiontakesapproximately6seconds.
Bypullingtheparkingbrakebuttonmultipletimesinsuccession,thefollowingtargetpositionsareapproached:

Brakepadsapplied

Force1forthebraketeststand

Force2forthebraketeststand

Targetforce.

Alternatively,theparkingbrakebuttoncanalsobepulledforalongertimeinbraketeststandmode.
Theindividualtargetpositionsarethencycledthrough,spaced3secondsapart.
WhenthebraketeststandmodeisactivatedandtheEMFactuatorsarereleased,theEMFindicator
lampflashesslowly.
WhenthebraketeststandmodeisactivatedandtheEMFactuatorsarepartiallyengaged,theEMFindicatorlampstartsflashingquickly.
WhenthebraketeststandmodeisactivatedandtheEMFactuatorsarecompletelyengaged,theEMF
indicatorlampisactivatedcontinuously.
Theparkingbrakecanbedisengagedonthebraketeststandwithoutthebrakepedalorclutchpedalbeingpressed.Thebraketeststandmodeisterminatedautomaticallywhenthevehicleleavesthe
braketeststand.Themodeisalsodeactivatedwhentheparkingbrakebuttonispressedorafaultis
present.
CheckControlmessages
Description

Checkcontrolmessage

CentralInformationDisplay

Parkingbrake
engaged

Installationmode

Braketeststand
detected-actuatorreleased

28

Parkingbrake
indicatorlight

CheckControlsymbol

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Description

Checkcontrolmessage

CentralInformationDisplay

Parkingbrake
overloaded

Parkingbrake
Parkingbrake
overloaded.To
park,securethe
vehicleagainst
rollingaway.

Retensioning
duetorollaway
monitoring-vehiclewithautomatictransmission

Parkingbrake
overloaded

Parkingbrake
Topark,ensure
thatselector
leverposition
Pisengaged.

Disengagingthe
parkingbrake

Disengagingthe
parkingbrake

Additionally
pressfootbrake

Additionally
pressfootbrake

Additionallyengageselector
leverpositionP

Additionally
engagetransmissionP

Parkingbrake
Toreleasethe
parkingbrake,
alsoengage
selectorlever
positionP.

Additionally
pressfootbrake
orclutch

Additionallypressfoot
brakeorclutch

Braketeststand
detected-actuatorinintermediateposition
Retensioning
duetorollaway
monitoring-vehiclewithmanual
transmission

Parkingbrake
buttonsensor
fault

Parkingbrake
indicatorlight

CheckControlsymbol

29

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Description

Redundancy
loss,speeds

Redundancy
loss,parking
brakebutton

Electromechanicalmode-vehiclewithmanual
transmission

30

Checkcontrolmessage

CentralInformationDisplay

Parking
brakefault

Parkingbrake
Parkingbrake
malfunctioning.
Pleaseaskyour
nearestBMW
ServiceCenter
tocheckthis.

Parkingbrake
malfunctioning

Parkingbrake
Parkingbrake
malfunctioning.
Pleaseaskyour
nearestBMW
Servicecenter
tocheckthis.

Parkingbrake
malfunctioning

Parkingbrake
Noemergency
brakingfunction.
Whenvehicleis
atastandstill,
parkingbrake
canbeengaged
andreleasedvia
button.Askyour
nearestBMW
ServiceCenter
tocheckthis.

Parkingbrake
indicatorlight

CheckControlsymbol

F10ChassisDynamics
4.Brakes
Description

Electromechanicalmode-vehiclewithautomatictransmission

immobilization
-vehiclewith
manualtransmission

immobilizationvehiclewithautomatictransmission

Checkcontrolmessage

CentralInformationDisplay

Parkingbrake
malfunctioning

Noemergency
brakingfunction.
Whenvehicleis
atastandstill,
parkingbrake
canbeengaged
andreleasedvia
button.Askyour
nearestBMW
ServiceCenter
tocheckthis.

Parkingbrake
defective

Parkingbrake
Parkingbrake
defective.To
park,securethe
vehicleagainst
rollingaway.
AskyournearestBMWServicecenter
tocheckthis.

Parkingbrake
defective

Parkingbrake
Parkingbrake
defective.To
park,engageselectorleverpositionP.Askyour
nearestBMW
ServiceCenter
tocheckthis.

Parkingbrake
indicatorlight

CheckControlsymbol

31

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Avehicle'ssteeringplaysacentralroleinthechassisandsuspension.ThetechnologicalinnovationsintroducedbyBMWlikeactivesteeringandrearaxleslipanglecontrol,arealsousedintheF10.
Futhermore,thesteeringisnowimplementedcompletelyelectricallywiththeuseofEPS(Electronic
PowerSteering)onallrearwheeldriveF10vehicles.TheF10xDrivemodelsstillusehydraulicpower
steering.
ThissystemisamodifiedandenhancedversionoftheE89Z4EPS.

F10Steeringcomponents

Index

Explanation

Activesteeringlock

HSRactuator

Steeringwheel

Steeringcolumn

Activesteeringservomotorwithmotorpositionanglesensor

Electromechanicalpowersteering

ItisimportanttonotethataswithF10allcurrentF12/F13xDrivemodelsstillusehydraulic
powersteering.

32

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
5.1.Basicsteering
TheF10isthefirstBMWmid-rangevehicletobeequippedwithelectromechanicalpowersteering
(EPS).TheoperatingprincipleandstructureoftheEPSintheF10isidenticaltothatintheE89andis
explainedtheE89CompleteVehicletrainingmaterialunder"Electricpowersteeringwithaxialparallel
arrangement(EPSw/APA)".

33

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
5.1.1.Systemwiringdiagram

F10Systemwiringdiagramforbasicsteering

34

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Index

Explanation

EPS

DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)

Junctionboxelectronicswithfrontpowerdistributionbox

IntegratedChassisManagement(ICM)

Intelligentbatterysensor(IBS)

Battery

Batterypowerdistributionbox

Steeringcolumnswitchcluster(SZL)

Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)

10

CentralGatewayModule(ZGM)

5.1.2.Systemoverview
TheEPSenablesaveragefuelconsumptiontobereducedbyapprox.0.3l/100km(0.317
quart/62miles)comparedtoaconventionalhydraulicsteeringsystem.Thiscontributestoareduction
ofCO2emissions.

F10EPS

35

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Index

Explanation

Speedreducer

Steering-torquesensor

Trackrod

EPScontrolunit

Electricmotorwithmotorpositionsensor

TheEPSsteeringreplacestheconventionalhydraulicsteeringsystem.EPSisalwaysequippedwith
theServotronicfunction.Usingthedrivedynamiccontrolswitch,twodifferentadjustmentscanbe
achieved:"Normal"and"Sporty".
TheEPSislesssensitivetodisturbancevariablessuchasbumpsandsteeringwheelvibration.Italso
contributestothedrivingsafetyoftheF10withanactiverolldamping.
BecausethereisnooilintheEPS,itismoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanconventionalhydraulic
steeringsystems.
TheEPShasActivereturntocenter,thisdeliversoptimumdrivability.TheEPSalsomakesitpossible
fortheparkingassistancetobeimplementedforthefirsttimeinaBMWvehicle.
Formoreinformationaboutparkingassistance,refertothe"F10DriverAssistanceSystems"section
inthistrainingmaterial.

5.2.IntegralActiveSteering
AswiththeF01andF07,theoptionalequipmentIntegralActiveSteeringintheF10ismadeupoftwo
components:therearaxleslipanglecontrolHSRandtheactivesteeringALonthefrontaxle.TheEPS
ontheF10hasbeenespeciallyadaptedandmodifiedtoworkwiththeactivesteeringonthefrontaxle.
ThecomponentsofIntegralActiveSteering,activesteeringandrearaxleslipanglecontrol,cannotbe
orderedseparately,butonlyastheIntegralActiveSteeringpackage(option2VH).

36

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
5.2.1.Systemwiringdiagram

F10SystemwiringdiagramforIntegratedActiveSteering

37

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Index

Explanation

ActiveSteeringlock

ActiveSteeringelectricservomotor

ActiveSteeringmotorangularpositionsensor

DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)

DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)

CentralGatewayModule(ZGM)

ControlunitforActiveSteering

CarAccessSystem(CAS)

Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)

10

Steeringcolumnswitchcluster(SZL)

11

Brakelightswitch(BLS)

12

Frontpowerdistributionbox

13

IntegratedChassisManagement(ICM)

14

Rearrightpowerdistributionbox

15

Batterypowerdistributionbox

16

Controlunitforrearaxleslipanglecontrol(HSR)

17

HSRactuator

18

Hall-effectsensor

19

Track-rodpositionsensor

5.2.2.Activesteering
Withtheoptionalequipmentintegralactivesteering,thesteeringgearisexpandedbyaddingaplanetarygearboxwithoverridefunction,whichimplementsaspeed-dependentsteeringgearratiothatwas
alreadyintroducedwiththeE60.

38

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F10EPSwithactivesteering

Index

Explanation

Speedreducer

Activesteeringlock

Steering-torquesensor

Activesteeringservomotorwithmotorpositionanglesensor

Trackrod

EPScontrolunit

Electricmotorwithmotorpositionsensor

IntheF10,electromechanicalpowersteeringiscombinedforthefirsttimewiththeactivesteering
planetarygearboxwithoverridefunction(alreadyfamiliarfromtheF01).Asaresult,thesteeringisimplementedcompletelyelectrically.
Duetothehigherweightofsomeenginesandthehighersteeringforcesassociatedwiththegreater
frontaxleload,thepowerofatypical12Vsteeringsystemisnolongersufficient.Forthisreason,a
24VEPSsystemisinstalledintheF10,withtheN63engineandinconjunctionwiththeoptionalIntegralActiveSteeringequipment.
Thefollowingtableexplainswhena24VEPSisinstalled.

39

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Engine

EPSvoltagesupply(onlyincombination
withoption2VH)

528i

12V

535i

12V

550i

24V

EPSwith12V
Becauseactivesteeringdemandshigherforcesfromtheelectromechanicalsteering,tocomplywith
thehighercurrentdraw,whenactivesteeringisusedinavehiclewith12VEPS,thevoltageissupplied
byaseparatepositivebatteryconnectionpoint.

40

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F10SystemwiringdiagramEPSwith12Vandactivesteering

41

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Index

Explanation

EPS

Positivebatteryconnectionpoint

Capacitorbox

DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)

Junctionboxelectronicswithfrontpowerdistributionbox

IntegratedChassisManagement

Intelligentbatterysensor(IBS)

Battery

safetybatteryterminal(SBK)

10

Steeringcolumnswitchcluster

11

Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)

12

CentralGatewayModule(ZGM)

EPSwith24V
ThehigherweightofV8andDieselenginesresultinahigherfrontaxleload.Thisinturncausesthe
powerrequiredforthesteeringservotoincrease.Inconjunctionwiththeactivesteering,anevenhigherexertionofforceisapplied,andthereforeevenhighercurrentisrequiredforthesteeringservo.
ThesehighcurrentmadeitnecessarytoincreasethevoltagesupplyoftheEPSto24V.
Thisrequiresanauxiliarybattery,aseparatorandachargingunitfortheauxiliarybattery.ThesecomponentsareinstalledintheluggagecompartmentoftheF10550i(V8).

F10550i24VEPScomponents

42

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Index

Explanation

Battery

Separator

Auxiliarybattery

Batterychargingunitforauxiliarybattery(BCU)

Thefollowingsystemwiringdiagramshowstheintegrationofthenewcomponentsintothevehicle
electricalsystem.

43

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F10SystemwiringdiagramEPSwith24Vandactivesteering

44

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering
Index

Explanation

EPS

DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)

Junctionboxelectronicswithfrontpowerdistributionbox

IntegratedChassisManagement(ICM)

Separator

Batterychargingunitforauxiliarybattery(BCU)

Rearrightpowerdistributionbox

Auxiliarybattery

Intelligentbatterysensor(IBS)

10

Battery

11

Batterypowerdistributionbox

12

Steeringcolumnswitchcluster(SZL)

13

Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)

14

CentralGatewayModule(ZGM)

TheBCU(chargingunit)takesoverthemonitoringofthestateofchargeandthechargingoftheauxiliarybatterywitha150WDC/DCconverter.Itmonitorsacable(isolation)sheathingofthe24Vlineand
itswitchestherelayintheseparatorwithwhichtheauxiliarybatteryisintegratedintothecircuit.The
EPSissuppliedwith24Vonlyafterthisrelayhasbeenswitchedon.Intheeventofafault,theEPScan
alsobeoperatedwith12V.Ifthereisnofault,therelayintheseparatorisswitchedasofterminal15.
The24Vlineisroutedonthevehiclefloorandissurroundedbyacablesheathwhichismonitoredby
thechargingunit(BCU).
Thefollowingsystemwiringdiagramdetailsthevariousswitchsituationsandthechargingoftheauxiliarybattery.

45

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F1024VoperationoftheEPS

Index

Explanation

Batterypowerdistributionbox

Battery

IntelligentbatterysensorIBS.

Separator(here:24Voperation)

Chargingunitforauxiliarybattery(BatteryChargeUnitBCU)

Rearrightpowerdistributionbox

Auxiliarybattery

In24Voperationmode,thebatteryandtheauxiliarybatteryareconnectedinseriesbytherelayinthe
separator.Asaresult,theEPSisoperatedwith24V.

46

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F1012Voperationintheeventofafault

Index

Explanation

Batterypowerdistributionbox

Battery

Intelligentbatterysensor(IBS)

Separator(here:12Voperation)

Chargingunitforauxiliarybattery(BatteryChargeUnitBCU)

Rearrightpowerdistributionbox

Auxiliarybattery

Intheeventofafaultorbeforeterminal15,therelayisopenandtheseparatorisinthe12Vposition.
Theauxiliarybatteryisnolongerconnectedinseriesandisnolongerinthecircuit.

47

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F10Chargingoftheauxiliarybatteryin24Voperation

Index

Explanation

Batterypowerdistributionbox

Battery

IntelligentbatterysensorIBS.

Separator(here:24Voperation)

Chargingunitforauxiliarybattery(BatteryChargeUnitBCU)

Rearrightpowerdistributionbox

Auxiliarybattery

Theauxiliarybatterycanbechargedin24Voperationusingthebatterychargingunitfortheauxiliary
battery.Todoso,thechargingunittakestheenergyitusesforchargingtheauxiliarybatteryfromthe
vehicleelectricalsystemviatherearrightpowerdistributionbox.

48

F10ChassisDynamics
5.Steering

F1024Vcomponentsandlinerouting

Index

Explanation

Batterychargingunitforauxiliarybattery(BCU)

Separatorandauxiliarybattery

Battery

EPSwithactivesteering

5.2.3.Rearsuspensionslipanglecontrol
Therearaxleisequippedwithintegralactivesteering,thusincreasingthecomfortanddrivingdynamics.Toreviewtheoperatingprincipleoftheintegralactivesteering,refertotheF01/F02Chassisand
SuspensionandLateralDynamicsSystemtrainingmaterialavailableonTISandICP.Thecomponents
ofIntegralActiveSteeringincludefrontactivesteeringandrearaxleslipanglecontrol.TheIntegralActiveSteeringpackage(option2VH)cannotbeorderedseparatelyontheF10,butonlyasispartofthe
(ZDH)DynamicHandlingPackage.
The(ZDH)DynamicHandlingPackagealsoincludes:ElectronicDampingControl,ActiveRollStabilizationandAdaptiveDrive.

49

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
6.1.Force-transferdirections
Thedrivingstabilitycontrolsystemscanbedistinguishedbytheirbasicforce-transferdirections.Drivingstabilitycontrolsystemscanactbothinandaroundanaxisofthevehicle-fixedcoordinatesystem
X,YandZ.

Forcetransfer
direction
DSC

Longitudinal

Pitch

VDM

Yaw

Vertical

Roll

Integral
Active
Steering
DCC

Transverse

ARS

6.2.DynamicStabilityControl
DynamicStabilityControlisstandardinallBMWvehicles.
TheDSCpreventsspinningofthedrivewheelswhenstartingupandwhenaccelerating.
TheDSCalsoidentifiesunstabledrivingconditions,suchasoversteerorundersteer.TheDSChelps
tokeepthevehicleonasafecoursebyapplyingbrakeinterventionsontheindividualwheels(within
thephysicallimits)andbyreducingtheengineoutputinordertocontrolwheelspinandmaintaintraction.

Italwaysremainstheresponsibilityofthedrivertoadapthisorherdrivingstyle.
EvenwiththeDSC,thelawsofphysicsstillapply.
AlwaysDriveSafely
TheDSCsystemcontrolunitisattachedtoahydraulicvalveblockanditincludesmanyindividual
functionsthatarelistedinthefollowingtable.

50

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
Function

Subfunction

ABS

Description
AntilockBrakeSystem

EBV

Electronicbrakeforcedistribution

CBC

CorneringBrakeControl

DBC

DynamicBrakeControl

ASC

AutomaticStabilityControl
MMR

Enginetorquecontrol

MSR

Enginedragtorquecontrol

BMR

Braketorquecontrol

DSC

DynamicStabilityControl
GMR

Yawmomentcontrol

SDR

Thrustdifferentialcontrol

DTC

DynamicTractionControl

TheDSCcanbeoperatedinthreemodes:

Normaloperation

DynamicTractionControl(DTC)

DSCOFF

51

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
6.3.ElectronicDamperControl(EDC/VDC)

F10ComponentsoftheVDM

Index

Explanation

VDMcontrolunit

Drivedynamiccontrolswitch

ICMcontrolunit

EDCsatellite,frontleft

EDCcontrolvalveforrebound

EDCcontrolvalveforpressurestage

TheF10usesVerticalDynamicsManagement(VDM)withElectronicDamperControl(EDC).
BeginningwiththeF01/F02,theEDCisalsocalledVDC(VerticalDynamicControl)andisafunctionoftheVDM.
TheVDMwasintroducedwiththeE70/E71,enhancedfortheF01/F02andnowfurtherdevelopedfor
theF10.
WithVerticalDynamicsControl(VDC),independentelectronicdampercontrolforeachwheelispossible,whereasEDCisonlycapableoffronttorearadjustments.
Duringthisprocess,theservomotorsandthesensorsontheshockabsorbers,knownassatellites,are
connectedtotheVDMcontrolunitviaFlexRay.
TheVDCandtheDynamicDrive(ARSforthevehiclesBMW535i,BMW550i)areavailableonlyin
combinationasAdaptiveDrive(option2VA).EDCcanonlybeorderedindividuallyasoptionalequipment(option223)ontheBMW528i.
52

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
FormoreinformationregardingEDC/VDC,refertotheF01/F02"VerticalDynamicsSystems"training
materialavailableonTISandICP.

6.4.DynamicDrive(ARS)
TheActiveRollStabilization(ARS)wasintroducedforthefirsttimeintheE65/E66.Withthe
F10,thisisavailableindividuallyasDynamicHandling(optionalequipment229).AsisthealsocasewiththeEDC(VDC),theARSfunctioniscalculatedbytheVDMcontrolunit
DynamicHandlingPackage(ZDH)includesAdaptiveDrive(option2VA)EDC(223)andARS(229)and
isavailableasandoptionontheF10(intheBMW535iandBMW550ionly)
ARScanbringaboutanoticeablereductioninthelateraltiltofthebodythatoccursduringfastcorneringoravoidancemaneuvers.Duringthisprocess,theARSreducestherequiredsteeringangleandalsominimizestheunwantedinterferencecreatedbythewheelsontheaxle.
TheARSsignificantlyimprovestheself-steeringresponseofthevehiclewhilealsoenhancingtheload
changeresponse.
Controlcommandsaresenttothehydraulicswivelmotorsoftheanti-rollbarsbasedonthedataacquiredinordertocounteractthelateraltiltingforces.
Anenginedrivenhydraulicpumpisusedexclusivelyforprovidingthenecessaryoilpressuretooperate
thefrontandrear(ARS)anti-rollhydraulicswivelmotors.
ThesystemhasitsownhydraulicreservoirfilledwithBMWpowersteeringfluid.

53

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems

FormoreinformationonDynamicDrive(ARS),refertotheF01/F02"Verticaldynamicssystems"trainingmaterialavailableonTISandICP.

54

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems

F10SystemwiringdiagramforAdaptiveDrive

55

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
Index

Explanation

ElectronicDamperControlsatellite,frontleft

DynamicStabilityControl

Hydraulicfluidlevelsensor

Intakerestrictorvalve

ElectronicDamperControlsatellite,frontright

DigitalMotorElectronics/DigitalDieselElectronics

DynamicDrivevalveblock

Frontsuspensionpressuresensor/rearsuspensionpressuresensor

Shift-positionsensor

10

Fail-safevalve,directionvalveandlowpressurecontrolvalve

11

VerticalDynamicsManagement

12

Frontpowerdistributionbox

13

ElectronicDamperControlsatellite,rearright

14

ElectronicDamperControlsatellite,rearleft

15

IntegratedChassisManagement

16

Ride-heightsensor,rearleft

17

Ride-heightsensor,frontleft

18

Ride-heightsensor,frontright

19

Ride-heightsensor,rearright

20

Connectionfordrivingdynamicscontrolswitch

21

Steeringcolumnswitchcluster

22

Instrumentcluster

23

CentralGatewayModule

56

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
6.5.HandlingSettingSwitch

F10Centerconsole

Index

Explanation

Drivingdynamicscontrolswitch

Controller

57

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems

F10Drivingdynamicscontrolswitch

Index

Explanation

DrivingdynamicscontrolswitchforequipmentwithoutAdaptiveDrive

DrivingdynamicscontrolswitchforequipmentwithAdaptiveDrive

IntheF10(asinF01andF07)wecanalsocontrolalldriveandstabilitycontrolsystemsincombinationthroughthedrivingdynamicscontrolswitch.TheoperatingprincipleisidenticaltothatintheF01.
ForvehicleswithAdaptiveDrive(option2VA),fourdifferentmodesareavailableonthedrivingdynamicscontrolswitch.ForvehicleswithoutAdaptiveDrive(option2VA),the"Comfort"stageisomitted
andonlythreedifferentmodescanbeconfigured.Thedrivingdynamicscontrolswitchisthenlabelled
with"Normal"insteadofComfort.
Note:AdaptiveDrivecombinesEDC(ElectronicDamperControl)withARS(ActiveRollStabilization).
Sportmodecanbeadaptedusingthecontroller.

58

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems

F10Sportmodeadaptation

Youcandeterminewhetherthesportmodeistoapplytothechassisandsuspensiononly,tothedrive,
ortobothsimultaneously.

6.5.1.DynamicDrivingPrograms
ForvehicleswithoutAdaptiveDrive
Normal

Sport

Sport+

Acceleratorpedal
characteristic

Normal

Sports

Sports

Shiftprogram

Normal

Sports

Sports

Shiftspeed

Normal

Sports

Sports

Powersteeringassistance

Normal

Sports

Sports

IntegralActiveSteering

Normal

Sports

Sports

DynamicStability
Control

DSCon

DSCon

DTC

Drivesystems

Suspensioncontrol
systems

ForvehicleswithAdaptiveDrive
Comfort

Normal

Sport

Sport+

Acceleratorpedalcharacteristic

Normal

Normal

Sports

Sports

Shiftprogram

Normal

Normal

Sports

Sports

Drivesystems

59

F10ChassisDynamics
6.DynamicDrivingSystems
Comfort

Normal

Sport

Sport+

Normal

Normal

Sports

Sports

Powersteering
assistance

Normal

Normal

Sports

Sports

IntegralActive
Steering

Normal

Normal

Sports

Sports

DynamicStabilityControl

DSCon

DSCon

DSCon

DTC

Electronic
dampercontrol
(EDC)

Comfortable

Normal

Sports

Sports

DynamicDrive
(ARS)

Normal

Normal

Sports

Sports

Shiftspeed
Suspension
controlsystems

60

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