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Science Standards:
3.2! Interaction and Change: Living and non-living things interact
with energy and forces.
3.2P.1! Describe how forces cause changes in an objects
position, motion, and speed.
3.3! Scientific Inquiry: Scientific inquiry is a process used to
explore the natural world using evidence from observations
and investigations.
3.3S.1! Plan a simple investigation based on a testable question,
match measuring tools to their uses, and collect and
record data from a scientific investigation.
3.3S.2! Use the data collected from a scientific investigation to
explain the results and draw conclusions.
3.3S.3! Explain why when a scientific investigation is repeated,
similar results are expected.
Learning Targets:
I can explain how changing the force on an object affects its motion.
Language Target:
I can use cause and effect words to analyze how an event occurred.
Language Vocabulary:
Cause and Effect connection words: led, result, effect, since, resulted in, led to
June 2012
Literature Connection:
Treasures (Unit 5, Week 3)
Key Vocabulary:
Force a push or pull
Motion - changing position
Distance the amount an object changes position
Gravity - force that pulls objects toward Earth
Friction - force that goes against the motion of an object
Newtons Third Law of Motion - for every action (force), there is an equal and
opposite reaction (force)
Materials:
balloons (sausage-type), straws, tape, fishing line (or string), ruler, tape measure
Teacher Background:
Forces are acting on objects at all time. When there are unbalanced forces acting on
a object, the object will move. This motion is affected by the magnitude of those
unbalanced forces. Some forces such as gravity tend to increase an objects motion.
Other forces such as friction tend to cause an objects motion to decrease. Motion
can be quantified by measuring the distance an object travels or the time it takes for
an object to move. Isaac Newton explained the motion of objects. In his 3rd Law of
Motion he explained that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
In the case of balloon-powered vehicles, the action is the air being pushed out by the
balloon. The reaction is the motion in the opposite direction. The bigger the action,
the bigger the reaction.
During initial student experiences, the individual parts of the inquiry cycle need to be
explicitly taught and modeled by the teacher. As students gain experience, teachers
will gradually release control and move to a model of more learner self-direction.
June 2012
2.
Tell students that they are going to do an investigation about what effect
changing the amount of action force will have on the reaction
motion. We will do this by changing the length of the balloon and
measuring the distance it travels. Tell students to write the
question in their Scientific Inquiry Work Sample template: How
does the length of a rocket balloon affect the distance it travels?
Ask them to write a hypothesis or prediction that describes what
they think will happen in this investigation by completing the
sentence frame: If the length of a rocket balloon increases, then
the distance it travels will
because
.
As a class, brainstorm some background that supports the
students predictions/hypotheses.
Designing an Investigation:
3.
Revisit the question, How does the length of the rocket balloon
affect the distance it travels? Ask students to think privately
about how they could test this question. Then have them share
their ideas with a partner or small group.
4.
June 2012
As a class, create a data table. Have students create this table in their Scientific
Inquiry Work Sample template. See the example below to guide your class.
Balloon
Rocket
Length (cm)
trial 2
trial 3
Average
6.
7.
When students are done collecting, discuss how best to graph the results.
Show how to set up the graph and have students do this in their template.
June 2012
Name ____________________________________
Teacher _________________________________
Date _____________________________________
Balloon Rockets
_________________________________________________
Forming a Question or Hypothesis (F)
Write a QUESTION that can be scientifically investigated. (TEACHER DIRECTED)
!
______________________________________________________________________________
Explain your hypothesis by writing BACKGROUND INFORMATION.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
NCSD K-5 Scientific Inquiry Tasks DRAFT!
June 2012
___________________________
__________________________
___________________________
___________________________
__________________________
___________________________
___________________________
__________________________
June 2012
diagram or picture
trial 2
trial 3
Average
Average Distance
June 2012
it traveled
cm.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
When the balloon rocket was
cm,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
it traveled
cm.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
State your CONCLUSION(S) and how it relates to your QUESTION.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
NCSD K-5 Scientific Inquiry Tasks DRAFT!
June 2012
increased
decreased
stayed the same
varied
NCSD K-5 Scientific Inquiry Tasks DRAFT!
June 2012
force
motion
distance
Newtons Third
Law of Motion
NCSD K-5 Scientific Inquiry Tasks DRAFT!
June 2012
gravity
friction
June 2012
June 2012