ZondGM2D

.
ZONDGM2D
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(Profile) ________________________________________________ 36
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Cell summarization ________________________________________________________ 50
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3D __________________________________ 56
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1
Zond geophysical software

Saint-Petersburg 2001-2013
____________________________________________________________________ 67
________________________________________________________________ 70
(Print preview) __________________________ 72
ZONDGM2D
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ZONDGM2D
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IBM PC-
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ZONDGM2D
Windows 98 . :
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ZONDGM2D - .
.
: www.zond-geo.ru.

( Zond). ,
.

SenseLock. SenseLock (
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Registration file. ,
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ZONDGM2D
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.
.
, ZONDMG2D,
*.GM. .
:
, ( TAB
SPACE)
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5000.

Excel. File Import from

text/excel. (),
.
, .

. Import from text/excel.

c
(Type) (Units).
:
ProfPos
X/Lattitude /
Y/Longitude /
Z
Grav
Mag
line
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.
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GM.
10

:
prpos
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
z
GRAV ( )
MAG ( )
:
prpos LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
GRAV
479
-3.49.38.31598
-40.49.47.04385
156.645
977996.7625
478
-3.50.14.23385
-40.49.34.86847
176.749
977993.118
477
-3.50.41.81796
-40.49.12.96376
158.598
977996.16
476
-3.50.56.86075
-40.48.43.78614
153.596
977995.8746
475
-3.51.29.57703
-40.48.33.59533
163.494
977992.9616
474
-3.51.34.51079
-40.47.58.78146
150.784
977994.8251
473
-3.51.57.72425
-40.47.37.80829
173.923
977989.1426
472
-3.52.13.61573
-40.47.09.33508
151.016
977993.4726
471
-3.52.13.05078
-40.46.50.40375
164.658
977990.0839
470
-3.52.27.34988
-40.46.39.50728
170.948
977988.923
469
-3.52.44.12399
-40.46.27.26992
154.136
977992.3446
468
-3.52.54.85479
-40.46.09.14952
161.646
977990.9782
467
-3.53.10.34938
-40.45.59.98908
162.519
977990.9039
466
-3.53.27.27992
-40.46.01.57194
168.091
977990.0246
465
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-40.46.02.08070
172.989
977989.2686
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977988.88

ZONDGM2D ().
. txt
11

, .
:
( ),
. .
:
0.5
118.3035394 0
126.9002384 0
1.5
123.4170888 0
116.1519574 0
2.5
117.240884
111.9424174 0
3.5
142.0405875 0
125.3686538 0
4.5
521.0730567 0
735.5232592 0
5.5
707.7315998 0
706.3561614 0
6.5
725.9945623 0
722.433627
7.5
717.0991126 0
716.9836552 0
8.5
725.5024012 0
722.3551713 0
9.5
731.5717173 0
10
723.5097884 0
10.5
726.8844987 0
11
725.962034
11.5
743.2485878 0
12
726.4061156 0
12.5
734.399887
13
727.9166309 0
13.5
116.1921851 0
14
517.9613065 0
0
12

14.5
125.3706264 0
15
111.2952478 0
15.5
131.911879
16
107.9217309 0
16.5
114.9327361 0
17
134.0939196 0
17.5
138.4457143 0
18
129.1165104 0
:
( )
. .
. .
23 , ,
.
13

.
0 1 0 13 1
4 1 0 13 1
4 1 0 19 2
11 1 0 19 2
11 1 0 27 3
16 1 0 27 3
( *.crt) ,
. CRT
.
2280.txt
2280
- ( )
18 2 2 1 0 1 0 0
18 .
2 - ( , 1 - 20).
2 - 0 - 3.
0 - ( );
1 - ( )
;
2 - ;
3
,
;
1 - 0 - 2.
0,1 ;
1,2 - ;
14

0 - (
, ) 0 n-1, n
.
1 - .
0 - 0, 1.
0 .
3246.txt
3246
102 2 2 1 0 1 0 0

Import/Export/Borehole data.

.
Import/Export/Import model/data
ZOND .

.
15

,
, .
Save/Load selection
.
16

,
(Blocks section), Selection
Save selection.
:
. ,
.
Load selection
. ,
.
Extract 1d log / Load 1d log.

X .
X.
, ,
.
(
) Import/export/ Background
image. , , ,
, .
half-space transparency.
*.sec .
*.sec :
1- ;
2-
X1 Y1 X2 Y2.
sect.emf
0 0 152.4 53.3
Blocks section ,
. ,
.
17

Smooth section ,
.
Output settings Vertical scale (

), Horizontal scale ( ),
Print resolution ( DPI) Font
size.
18

BMP (Model)
Automatic.
.
ZONDGM2D ( *.GMP). ,
,
. , ,
.
,
. ,
, (Calculated)
, (Model, WorkSheet)
*.BMP.
.
Zond project data

Zond
project
with .
calculated data
Worksheet
BMP.
Model

BMP.
Grid file
-.
Section file
*.sec

. ( - ):
.
.

19

()
.

.
.
.
( ).
.

:
File/Create syntetic survey

().
File/Open file
File/Import from text/excel

Excel ()
File/ Add to project
File/Save file
File/Edit data
Notepad.
File/Recent
File/
File/English
File/Reg file
File/Register
File/Exit
Options/Mesh constructor
Options/Lines observation
settings
20

Options/Set survey lines
()
Options/Program setup
().
Options/Data editor
()
Options/Show modeler tools
()
Options/Geological editor
()
Options/Create/Edit
/ ()
borehole data
Options/Remove
borehole
data
Options/3D section plot
.
()
Options/Graphics map
()
Options/Print preview
().
Options/Model/Block
section
Options/Model/Smooth
section
Options/Model/Contour
section
Options/Model/Smooth
contours
Options/Model/X=Z scale
Options/Model/Extend
bottom
Options/Model/Gravity and
magnetic sections
Options/Advanced/Cells
summarization
). ()
Options/Advanced/Set
()
boundaries
Options/Advanced/Inverse
21

norms/Norming factor 1
Options/Advanced/Inverse
norms/Sharpness 0.01
Options/Advanced/Real
topo coordinates
Options/Advanced/Extende
d nodes
Options/Advanced/Infiniti
borders
Options/Import/Export/Bore
hole data
. ()
Options/Import/Export
/Import model/data
. ^
/Remove data
/Save selection
/Load selection
/Extract 1d log
.
/Load 1d log
Options/Import/Export/Back SectionCor (*.sec).

ground image
Options/Import/Export/Outp
ut setting
Options/Import/Export/Imp
ort topography
Options/Import/Export/Exp
Excel
ort to Excel
22

Options/Import/Export/Exp
AutoCad (*.DXF)
ort model to DXF

Options/Import/Export/Dra
Surfer
w model in Surfer
Operations/Line operations
Operations/Subtract
total
field
Operations/Subtract median
value
user ,
Operations/Subtract
value
Operations/Denoise data
Operations/ Subtract med in (

)
window
Operations/Return
to
original data
Operations/Areal operations
Operations/Subtract
total
field
Operations/Subtract median
value
Operations/Subtract
user ,
value
Operations/Return
to
original data
^ : ,
. .
Zond 2D,
, , .
, .
23


/ .
Delete
Insert
.
F
magic wand
.
/ /
Space
Enter
Euler Objects
.

,
:
.
.
.
*.GM,
. ,
,
.
: Magnetic survey Gravity survey,
.
24

Magnetic survey:
Total field, nT (To), .
Inclination, deg ,
(I). .
Declination, deg ,
(D). .
Profile azimuth, deg , .
.
Magnetometer elev, m , ,
.
Data type . T , GrZ

Gradient base, m
Gravity survey:
Gravimeter elev, m , ,
.
25

Data type . Gz
, Grz .
Gradient base, m

(Cx, Cz) :
,
2005 .
.
26

nodes
.
Minimum .
Maximum - .
Nodes number In points,
,
.
Regular mesh
( In points).
Z nodes
( ).
StartH .
.
Factor .
1 2.
Nodes number .

,
.
27

Inversion .
Inversion ,
.
,
.

.
Smoothness constrained
.
( ) .
28

A W WA C C m A W
T
.
.
, .
Occam
[Constable,
1987].
A W
T
WA C T C m AT W T f C T Cm

Smoothness factor. ,
.
Marquardt
(Ridge regression) [Marquardt, 1963].
,
.
29

A W
T
WA I m AT W T f
, .

Marquardt, (
), Smoothness constrained
Occam.
Focused
[Portniaguine,
2000].
, ,
.
A W
T
WA C T RC m AT W T f C T RCm

Threshhold.
,
( , ).
( ) Ri
30

e ri :
Ri
e2
e 2 ri
Blocks
.
.
,
Marquardt:
A W
T
WA I m AT W T f

( Focused),
Cell summarization.
, .
.
Smoothing factor
( ).
,
: 0.5 - 2;
: 0.005 - 0.01.

Occam Focused.
smoothing factor:
0.01 1. 4.5 %, 6 %.
31

Depth smoothing
Stop criteria .
Iterations ,
.
RMS error ,
.
Reduction ,
%)
.
Focusing parameters
Threshold
(
).
(0.1-10).
( ).
.

Threshold: 0.1 10.
32

Robust weighting scheme

, .

.
Use reference model , .

. Occam
Focused.
,
. ,
.
( )
( ) ( ).
33

Options
.
Model
Min susceptibility, Max susceptibility
.
(n*10-5).
Min density, Max density
. /3.
Smoothness
ratio
. -
<1, - >1. ,
, 0.2 1.

Smoothness ratio: 1 0.3.
34

Topo coefficient (0-5).

0 . 1 -
, .
:
max( Topo) Topox
z * x, z Topox z 1
Tcoeff
max( z )
Topo , z - .
Cell grouping .
,
.
,
. ,
.
: (Layer)
; (ID) ; (Width)
( ),
, .
.
Width
, -
.
35

ID
, -
.
: ,
, , ,
, , ,
.
(Profile)
. 47
,
.
36

,
. .

().
( +SHIFT ).
ALT.
.

. ,
.
,
.
, ,
.

. ,

, .
.
.
Options/Model/Block-section (.29),
Options/Model/Smooth-section (.29),
Options/Model/Contour-section (.29).
37

. 29. :
Block-section (), Smooth-section (), Contour-section ().
Display model mesh
Display
, .
objects ,
border
Display color bar
,
.
Setup
().
Zoom&Scroll
Print preview
Setup
Set minimum
Set maximum
Set incremental factor

38

.
Automatic
Log scale
Set cursor value
Colors as histogram
Set maximum
Redivide

( ).
Thick mesh
Thin mesh
.
Redivide
.
Thick mesh

(
).
Thin mesh
.

:
Display cell setup
Cell to cursor value
Edit mode
Selection\Free
selection
.
form
. .
39

Selection\Rectangular
selection
. .
Selection\Elleptical
selection
. .
Selection\Magic wand

.
.
.
Selection\Remove
selection
Mesh
options\add .
column /row
Mesh options\remove .
column /row
Mesh
options\resize .
column /row
Clear model
Clear parameters
, Show modeler tools Options.

:

. .
.
.

. .
.

40

. .
.

.
.
.

:
.
Zoom&Scroll .
, ,
. ,
, .
SHIFT
. SHIFT
.
.
CTRL
.

.
.

Options
41

Box margins (pixels)

Left margin ( ) .
Right margin ( ) .
Top margin ( ) .
Bottom margin ( ) .
Object difference -
, .
Selection admissibility -
, ,
( Magic Wand).
Parameter alteration
( ), Edit,
Shift.
Font .
Colors
42

Color bar
Palette ()
Others
Body border ,
Parameter alteration .
Grid .
Selection - .
Fixed - .

.
Value .
Fixed .
Min value, Max value .
Apply to selected ,
.
, .

. ,
43

,
.
. 31. .
,
: , (,
), . ,
,
: File/Create syntetic survey (. 32).
Lines minimum, m
44

Lines maximum, m
Points number
Gravity Magnetic
.

block-section. . .

.
( )

,
, ,
Zond project with calculated data, , .
, Import
model/data ( ),
, - Zond model with calculated.
.
,
. ,
,
.
.
, ,
, ,
.

.
:
Parameters inversion ( /
)
45

Z nodes inversion
X nodes inversion
ZX nodes inversion
PZX inversion ( / )
.

Modeling (..), :
Show background
Remove background
Get value from background
Remove polygons
Display ColorScale
Colors from ColorScale
Exit from modeling mode
46

.
. (
) .
(.. -
) .

.
.
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.
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.
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47

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(.. - )
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.
48

.
.
.
.
. ,
- ,
.
.
.
,
.

,
.
.
Color . ,
.
Pen .
, .
Brush .
, .
Gradient .
,
.
49

.
.
.
, .
None .
Density .
Susceptibility
.
Density & Susceptibility
.
User text
. .
, .

Cell summarization
Cell summarization ( )
. Blocks.
.
.
50

Blocks,
(Contrast factor),
.
Start layers ,
.
Smooth,
(Smooth factor),
. End layers ,
.
51

Geological editor
, .
, .
,
.
, .
,

CAD.

.
.
Geological editor ,
.
, .
. Geological Editor
Geological
editor
.
.
.
. (
) .
(.. -
) .
52

.
. ,

.
. (
), , ,
.. .
, .
.
( , )
. ()
(
) .
(.. -
) ,
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).
.

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( ).
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53

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.

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.
54

,
.
.
.

.
, .
.
.
.
.
;
.
. (.. -
)
.
.
.

,
.
.
55

Color . ,
.
Pen .
, .
Brush .
, .
Gradient .
,
:

Options Geological editor :

Automatic scaling
Model setup
Load borehole data
Remove borehole data
Output settings
Export to DXF DXF .
3D
56


Options/Set lines survey. Line settings (. 49),
.
. 49 Line settings
:
Map - ,
Topography
Gravity
Magnetic
. ,

.
.
.

.
, (
),
.
57

perc

.

.
,
. /
.
,
.
,
.
, .

, .
Active line index
.
Graphics map (..)
( ) .

. /
.
Shift ().
58

. Graphics maps
3D sections plot (Options/ 3D sections plot)
. 3D sections
viewer. :

3D
()
3D
.

.

. ,
.
59


3D section viewer :
Lines (. 51)
, , 3D
. : , ,
. 3D
(V visible). .
.
, Shift
.
.
. 51 3D section viewer, Lines.

3D view (. 52) 3D .
60

. 52 3D section viewer, 3D view

Options (. 53) .
Color scale . Palette
(). Color scale limits

, .
. 53 3D section viewer, Options

61

Axis scales .

( )
. ZONDGM2D
,
.

Options/Create/Edit borehole data. Add borehole data
(. 54).
. 54 Add borehole data.

:

62


( ).

( ) horizontal position,
Position from surface.
. .
. ,
: N , H
, Z , C .
.

. .
. ,
,
. Pattern Color Editor
C (. 55).
. Color
.
63

. 55
.
,
.
.

.
,
. ,
.
Save
default palette.
(
- Load default palette).
Set percent,
.
: *.crt
, ZONDGM2D *.txt
, .
.
,
Options/Import/Export/Borehole data.
, (. 56).
64

. 56 .
( Set boundaries)
Set boundaries Options/Advancied
.
, :
Enable/Disable editing
boundaries mode
Add new boundary
Delete boundary
Save boundaries to file
Load boundaries from file
,
.
,
. ,

.
65

, Occam.
1-2 ,
.

,
.
.
.
.
.
,
(. ).
. () ()
.

Palette (. 58).
( , ..) .

Ctrl. Delete.
,
,
66

. 58 .
. 59
.
SHIFT
. : options
default. ,
.
Scales
.
67

Auto , .
Minimum Maximum.
Visible / .
Inverted .
Increment change .
Logarithmic - .
LinLog
options.
Base .
LinLog options ,
.
.
Dec Shift
( )
. ()
, .
Min dec () ,
.
Rounded limits ,
.
Minimum Maximum .
Auto , -
Change.
Offset
.
Title .
Style:
Title .
Angle .
Size . 0
.
Visible / .
Text:
68

Font .
Outline .
Inter-char spacing
.
Gradient
.
Outline gradient , :
.
Shadow
.
Labels .
Style:
Visible / .
Multiline .
Round first .
Label on axis .
Alternate .
Size . 0
.
Angle .
Min separation % .
Text:
Font .
Outline .
Inter-char spacing
.
Gradient
.
.
Shadow
.
69

Ticks .
Axis .
Grid .
Ticks . Len
.
Inner .
Len .
Centered .
At labels only
.
Minor .
Grid .
Ticks .
Length .
Minor .
Len .
Count .
Position .
Position %
( ,
Units).
Start %
( ).
End %
( ).

.
SHIFT .
: options default.
, .
Format .
70

Border
.
Color .
Pattern .
Outline
.
Shadow
.
Point .
Visible / .
Style .
Width .
Height .
Inflate margins ,
.
Pattern .
Border .
Gradient .
Marks .
Style.
Visible / .
Draw every , ..
.
Angle .
Clipped , ,
.
Arrows
.
Border .
Pointer (
Point).
71

Length .
Distance
.
Arrow head .
None
Pointer. Line
. Solid .
Size , .
Format
.
Color .
Frame .
Pattern .
Bevel : , .
Size .
Size .
Transparent Transparency .
Text:
Font .
Outline .
Inter-char spacing
.
Gradient
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