1648: End of the 30 Years War (Period 1)

Political

Louis XIV: absolutism, War of the Spanish Succession,

England: Civil War (with Oliver Cromwell) and Glorious Revolution;
constitutional monarchy established in England (monarchs were William
and Mary)
New balance of power in Europe after Peace of Westphalia: Ended the
Thirty Years War. Before, the Habsburgs of Germany held the most
power, and after, the Bourbons of France were the center of power.

Economic

British had a continuing age of prosperity due to the Glorious Revolution

German economy destroyed from the French invasion during Thirty
Years War
In general, shift from large family based capital to banks and price
revolution

Religious

Establishment of the Peace of Westphalia: made Catholicism,

Lutheranism, and Calvinism acceptable in Europe
Agreements to no longer declare wars over religious conflicts
Science ideas oppressed by Catholic Church

Social

Famine and poverty in Germany due to poor conditions resulted from

Thirty Years War
Peasant rebellions in Russia
Newfound leniency for taboo religions such as Calvinism and Judaism
brought upon by the 30 Years War

Intellectual

Scientific Revolution: led to more rational thinking

Heliocentric conception of the universe
Reason was stressed in all aspects of life

Art

Baroque art
Lorenzo Bernini: Italian baroque sculptor and architect, sculpted
Neptune and Triton and Ecstasy of Saint Teresa , designed St. Peters
square
Palace of Versailles