4/25/2016

GSMArchitecture

GSMArchitecture
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AGSMnetworkcomprisesofmanyfunctionalunits.Thesefunctionsandinterfaces
areexplainedinthischapter.TheGSMnetworkcanbebroadlydividedinto:
TheMobileStation(MS)
TheBaseStationSubsystem(BSS)
TheNetworkSwitchingSubsystem(NSS)
TheOperationSupportSubsystem(OSS)
GivenbelowisasimplepictorialviewoftheGSMarchitecture.

The additional components of the GSM architecture comprise of databases and

messagingsystemsfunctions:
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HomeLocationRegister(HLR)
VisitorLocationRegister(VLR)
EquipmentIdentityRegister(EIR)
AuthenticationCenter(AuC)
SMSServingCenter(SMSSC)
GatewayMSC(GMSC)
ChargebackCenter(CBC)
TranscoderandAdaptationUnit(TRAU)

ThefollowingdiagramshowstheGSMnetworkalongwiththeaddedelements:

TheMSandtheBSScommunicateacrosstheUminterface.Itisalsoknownasthe
air interface or the radio link. The BSS communicates with the Network Service
Switching(NSS)centeracrosstheAinterface.

GSMnetworkareas
InaGSMnetwork,thefollowingareasaredefined:
Cell:CellisthebasicserviceareaoneBTScoversonecell.Eachcellis
given a Cell Global Identity (CGI), a number that uniquely identifies the
cell.
Location Area : A group of cells form a Location Area (LA). This is the
area that is paged when a subscriber gets an incoming call. Each LA is
assignedaLocationAreaIdentity(LAI).EachLAisservedbyoneormore
BSCs.
MSC/VLR Service Area : The area covered by one MSC is called the
MSC/VLRservicearea.
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PLMN:TheareacoveredbyonenetworkoperatoriscalledthePublicLand
MobileNetwork(PLMN).APLMNcancontainoneormoreMSCs.

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