Natalie Hayes

Assignment #2
11-17-14

1. Meet Layla
______________________________________________

Layla is a 5 year- old female Kindergartener in Mrs. Barretts

class. Layla often speaks out loud without raising her hand. Her
comments are distracting and off topic. Layla will speak out loud in
class and when her peers do not listen, she cries. The lack of attention
to the inappropriate call outs from her peers is frustrating, which leads
to the crying behavior. Crying because of the lack of attention is a
behavior that needs to be modified. Fortunately, Layla understands the
difference between good choices and bad choices. Layla is capable of
having self-control in multiple settings, which is encouraging for her
teachers. Layla will be placed on a token economy to improve her
inappropriate behavior. The token economy will been in place during
whole lass instruction, individual work, and group work.

2. Operational
Definition___________________________________
Layla is exhibiting a behavior named calling out. During whole group
instruction, individual work and group work, Layla exhibits the calling
out behavior. This behavior may be defined as, speaking without

raising a hand, a voice above talking pitch, and off topic. To improve
the situation of calling out the token economy chart will be set in place
to increase students expected behavior. The student is expected to
raise hand that is still and quietly raised in the air. The student will wait
until verbally called on to answer a question or say a response. The
response will be said . at a conversational pitch. The expected behavior
will be named, raising your hand.

3. Token
Economy______________________________________
___
The token that will be used to reinforce positive behaviors will be a
modified deck of playing cards with the name Layla written on the
back of each card. For every time Layla exhibits positive behavior she
will pull a card from a deck on thirty cards.

This is an example of Laylas Reinforcer.

4.Incentives___________________________________
____________
Layla will be presented with a menu of options that will reinforce
positive behavior. The menu will include options like, sitting with a
stuffed animal for the day, sitting in the teachers chair, and taking off
shoes for 5 minutes during independent work. Layla will be able to
choose her reinforcement when she has two cards with matching

numbers. These incentives will be effective Layla because she often

asks to sit in the teachers chair and loves penguin stuffed animals.
These options are specific to Laylas likes. The option of taking off her
shoes for five minutes is a back up reinforcer. This is a option that may
be changed for a different option that promotes better behavior for
Layla.

5. When does Layla receive a token?

_____________________
Layla will be given many opportunities to earn tokens for good
behavior. The positive behavior that must be exhibited includes, raising
a still and quiet hand, waited to be called on by the teacher, and using
a conversational pitch when saying an answer or comment. For every
time Layla exhibits this behavior, the teacher will tally on a sticky note.
For each tally the teacher has for good behavior, Layla will draw one
card from a modified deck. Every set of matching cards will be a
positive reinforcer from the teacher.

6. Cashing in the
cards_____________________________________
Layla will cash in her cards only when she has a pair. Layla may draw
a card randomly and she will match a set of cards when it is drawn. For
example, Layla will draw an ace during independent work for exhibiting
positive behavior. Later in the day Layla exhibits positive behavior and
draws three more cards, a four, a ten and an ace. Layla will then match
the two aces and make a pair. Every pair, Layla will have a back up
reinforcer. Some reinforcers include, sitting with a stuffed animal for
the day, sitting in the teachers chair, and taking off shoes for 5
minutes during independent work.

7. Teaching the token

economy____________________________
When teaching the token economy, there are multiple steps to review
with your student. Some include, defining expected behavior, defining
the card reinforcer, when she can redeem the reinforcer, and what she
can be reinforced with. Layla will be responsible for putting her cards
into a magnetic pouch on the board. Layla is responsible in telling the
teacher when she has a match and what she wants to be reinforced
with.

8. Monitoring the
Effectiveness_____________________________
The teacher can monitor before the intervention by having a tally each
day for the amount of times Layla speaks out. For example, the
teacher would tally each time Layla speaks out loud without raising her
hand and when comments are distracting and off topic. The teacher
would save the number amount of tallies in each day for week. The
teacher could start the intervention and continue to tally each time
Layla is exhibiting expected raising hand behavior. They would save
the amount of tallies in each day for a week, which would also tell
them the amount of tokens Layla has received.

A example of a teachers tallies for Laylas positive and negative

behavior.

9. Modifying the
Program__________________________________
A teacher may gather the data and try to determine whether the token
economy system has been effective. The teacher can tell if the token
economy chart is not effective if Layla has three consistent days of
three or less reinforcers. This will tell the teacher that Layla is not
exhibiting positive behavior therefore is not doing the expected
behavior. If this occurs, change the back up reinforce to something that

motivates Layla.