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M408

Probability
Worksheet 8

Name_______________________________

A Venn Diagram is made up of two or more circles. It is often used in probability to show
relationships between events.
Rectangle S represents a sample space of possible outcomes.
Circles A and B each represent specific unique events in the sample space S.
If it is possible for two events A and B to both happen at the same time, then their circles will
intersect on a Venn Diagram.
I. Shade the region of the picture corresponding to each listed event.
1.) A

2.) B

S
A

A B

3.)

4.)

A B

S
A

The complement of an event A refers to all outcomes that are NOT included in A.
The notation for complement is A c . The probability of A c = 1 P(A).
Shade the region corresponding to each listed event.
5.) A c

Bc

S
A

7.)

6.)

( A B)c

8.)

( A B)c

S
A

Let S represent rolling a 6-sided die. A and B represent different events. Draw Venn
diagrams for each pair of events below.
9.)

A = number less than 3


B = an even number

10.)

A = a 2
B = an even number

11.)

A = a 2
B = a 3

12.)

A = a # greater than or equal to 1


B = a # less than or equal to 6

13.) In which problem (#9 12) are the events mutually exclusive?

II. 80 students were asked if they take Math and History classes. The Venn diagram shows
the number of students who took each class. Suppose one student is chosen at random, and
answer the questions below.
Students in Math

Students in History
23

14

26

17
13.) P(student takes Math) =

14.) P(student takes History) =

15.) P(student takes Math AND History) =

16.) P(student takes Math OR History) =

17.) What does the 17 represent in the diagram above?

18.) Are the events taking Math class and taking History class independent? Hint: use the
formula P ( A B ) =P (A ) P( B) for independent events to decide.

III. Students records indicate that the probability of passing photography is 0.75, the
probability of failing economics is 0.65, and the probability of passing at least one of the
two courses is 0.85. Regions A, B, C, and D make up the entire sample space of students
taking both classes.

Passing Photography

Passing Economics

19.) Which regions (A,B,C, or D) represent passing both classes?

20.) Which regions represent failing both classes?

21.) Which regions represent passing exactly one class?

22.) P(passing economics) =

23.) P(passing both courses) =

24.) P(failing both courses) =

25.) P(passing exactly one course) =

IV. 100 women who recently gave birth were given a survey with 3 yes/no questions, and
the following information was recorded.
The mother
Is over 35 years of age
Just had her first child
Has a career
Is over 35 and just had first child
Has a career and just had first child
Is over 35 and has a career
Is over 35, has a career, and just had first child

Number of Respondents
27
21
42
17
9
16
7

Use the Venn Diagram to organize the information.

If a mother from this group is randomly selected, find the probabilities below.
26.) P(replied yes to exactly 2 of the 3 questions above)

27.) P(replied yes to at least 2 of the 3 questions above)

28.) P(replied yes to at least one of the 3 questions above)

29.) P(replied yes to none of the 3 questions above)

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