NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY

IN REPRODUCTION
Dr. Nusratuddin A, SpOG
DIVISI FERTILITAS
ENDOCRINOLOGI REPRODUKSI

NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY IN
REPRODUCTION
CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION:
Endocrine system
: hormone
Nervous sytem : neurotransmitter
Neuroendocrinology
neuroendokrin
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CHEMICAL NATURE OF HORMONE

AMINE

Epinefrin, Norepinefrin, T3, dan T4

PROTEIN

AND POLIPEPTIDE
FSH, LH, HCG, TSH, ACTH, Prolactin

STEROID

Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone,

cortisol
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REPRODUCTION

GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT

FUNCTION OF
HORMONES
ENERGY
PRODUCTION,
STORAGE, AND
UTILAZATION
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MAINTENANCE
OF INTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT
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INTERACTION OF HORMONE
One

hormone Multiple actions

One

function Multiple hormones

Function of endocrine system depend on :

Hormone concentration
Receptor concentration
Affinity/interaction of hormone-receptor

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HORMONE SYNTHESIS , RELEASE, AND

TRANSPORT
Biosynthesis

occur in the cell level

Secretion

regulated by feed back

mechanism

Some

hormones need spesific

transport system
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ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
Endocrine disorders can be divided into
7 broad categories:
Subnormal

hormone production
Hormone overproduction
Production of abnormal hormone
Disorders of hormone receptors
Disorders of hormone transport & metabolism
Multiple hormoneabnormalities
Tumors that produce hormone
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BIOCHEMISTRY OF SEX STEROIDS

Cholesterol

is the parent compaund

Basic steroid structure is present in gonane
Consist of 4 interconnected rings (A,B,C,D)
17 carbon atoms
Individual steroids can be distinguishes by:
The number of carbon atoms
The functional and methyl groups
The type of bond between carbon atoms
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SEX STEROID HORMONES

Progesterone

: C21 sex steroid

Androgen

: C19 sex steroid

Estrogen

: C18 sex steroid

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ESTROGENS
NATURAL:

- ESTRON (E1)
- ESTRADIOL(E2)
- ESTRIOL (E3)
SYNTHETIC:
- ETHYNILESTRADIOL
- MESTRANOL
- CEE
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ESTROGEN PREPARATIONS
SYNTHETIC

ESTROGEN

CONYUGATED
ESTRADIOL

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EQUINE ESTROGEN

ACTIVE
COMPONENTS
IN THE
ESTROGEN
PREPARA
TIONS

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PROGESTERONE
PROGESTOGENS = PROGESTIN
EFFECT:
LUTEOMIMETIC
ANTI ESTROGEN

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PROGESTOGEN PREPARATIONS
PROGESTERONE
DERIVATES :

NORTESTOSTERONE
DERIVATES :

HYDROXYPROGESTERONE
MPA
DYDROGESTERONE
MEDROGESTERONE
CMA
CPA

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LEVONORGESTREL
DESOGESTREL
NORETHISTERONE
LYNESTRENOL

PROGESTOGENS
OTHER DERIVATES
DIENOGEST :
HIGH ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY
STRONG PROGESTATIONAL EFFECT
NO ANDROGENIC/ANTI ANDROGENIC EFFECT
DROSPIRENONE :
PROGESTATIONAL EFFECT
ANDROGENIC EFFECT
ANTIMINERALCORTICOID ACTIVITY
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Previous
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HO
RM
OF P ONA
ROG L EF
F EC
E ST
TIV
OG
E NE
E NS
SS