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Multi-Carrier Strategy Training

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HSDPA

Introduction
Key feature
Strategy and Pros vs Cons
Evaluation
Cases

Introduction

Background:
Remark: Multi-carrier strategy also include multi-band situation, such as
U900+U2100.
With the steady growth of radio services especially the data services,
operators need to expand the capacity of the live network and add
more carriers are one of the choices. Currently multi-band and multicarrier networking has become a main scenario for lots of operators live
networks.
According to the analysis of the operators requirements we classify them
into two categories and they are Prefer system capacity and Prefer
voice quality.
Deploying different strategies will meet different operators requirements in
different scenarios

Strategy content

Campin
g
Policy

Neighboring
Cell Manage

Access
Policy

SPG
Setting

Load
Balance
Policy

1501
1221
911
621
274

Algorithm
Switch

Mobility
Policy

Status
Transition

Multi-Carrier Strategy
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389

HSPA+

Access policy feature DRD - Directed Retry Decision

RAB Setup procedure

RAN12

Combine UE and cell Technology

priority

DRD feature For

access
procedure

DRD: Directed Retry

Decision

If Technology Priority and

Cell priority are same

In RAN11.0 and earlier versions, DRD is implemented based on blind handover (that is, the cell signal quality
meets certain threshold, but not to measure the target cell).

In RAN12.0, the original DRD algorithm implementation is kept, and measurement-based DRD algorithm is
added (that is, to measure signals of the target cell).
=> Improve the performance and successful of DRD access procedure, increase the delay
Measurement-based DRD or DRD of blind handover is based on parameters configuration and
currently measurement-based DRD is closed by default.
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Load balance policy feature LDR

When the usage of cell resource exceeds the basic congestion triggering threshold, the cell enters the basic congestion
state. In this case, Load Reshuffling (LDR) is required to reduce the cell load and increase the access success rate.

The RNC adopts the following behaviors until the congestion be removed:
Inter-frequency load handover
BE rate reduction
CS/PS inter-RAT handover
AMR rate reduction
QoS Renegotiation for

Uncontrollable Real-Time Services

code reshuffling

Resourc
e

UL/DL

LDR actions intended for different

resources
Remarks

UL
Power
DL

If the downlink powerbased admission

uses the ENU algorithm, the basic
congestion can also be caused by the

UL
Iub

ENU. In this situation, LDR actions do not

DL

involve AMR rate reduction or MBMS

power reduction, as indicated by the

Code

symbol * in the table.

DL
UL

Credit
DL

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LDR in connected
mode
LDR Actions

Channel

DCH
HSUPA
DCH
HSDPA
DC-HSDPA
DCH
HSUPA
DCH
HSDPA

DCH
HSDPA
DCH
HSUPA
DCH
HSDPA

Inte
rFre
que
ncy
Loa
d
Han
dov
er

BE
Rat
e
Red
ucti
on

Int
erRAT
Han
dov
er
in
CS
Do
mai
n

Int
erRAT
Han
dov
er
in
PS
Do
mai
n

AMR
Rate
Reduc
tion

QoS
Rene
gotiat
ion
for
Uncon
trolla
ble
RealTime
Servic
es

Code
Reshu
ffling

UE Restriction( Refer to 3GPP 25.133)

More frequency => Many frequency was introduced in
the network => but there UE restrictions according to
3GPP

UE can only measure 2 inter-frequency only for both

idle mode and connected mode in 3G
UE can only measure 3 inter-frequency 3G frequency
in GSM

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Strategy - Preferred Camping

SHO
HHO
DRD (f1 => f2) and LDR (F1 <=> F2)

Blind HO

F2

Camping
Coverage HO

F1
R99+HSP
A

HSPA+R99

HSPA+R99

Load
R99+HSP Balancing R99+HSP
A

R99+HSP
A

1.Idle Users camp on F1 carrier

2.Through setting SPG, R99 directly establish on F1
3.Through setting SPG, H services establish on F2 preferentially
4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers
5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2
6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2
7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed

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Strategy - Random Camping

SHO
Every users can access to every carriers randomly depending on signal
quality
F2
R99+HSP
A

F1
R99+HSP
A

R99+HSP
A

Blind HO
Camping

R99+HSPA

R99+HSP
A

HHO

R99+HSP
A

1.Idle User randomly camp on F1 or F2 carrier

2.R99 directly establish on each carrier that the user camp on
3.HSPA services DRD based on HSPA user number balanced
4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers
5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2
6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2
7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed

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Strategy - Pros vs Cons

Pros
Pros

Cons
Cons

High
High system
system capacity,
capacity, high
high carrier
carrier
efficiency
efficiency
Less
Less DRD
DRD for
for HSPA,
HSPA, the
the HSPA
HSPA RAB
RAB setup
setup
success
ratio
will
be
guaranteed
as
success ratio will be guaranteed as much
much
as
possible
as possible

Random
Campin
g

AMR
AMR and
and HSPA
HSPA services
services are
are on
on the
the
same
carriers,
the
AMR
KPI
may
same carriers, the AMR KPI may be
be
deteriorated
deteriorated

As
As all
all carriers
carriers are
are used
used for
for HSPA,
HSPA, HSPA
HSPA
experience
may
be
better
experience may be better

AMR
AMR and
and HSPA
HSPA are
are separate
separate on
on
Preferred
different
different carriers,
carriers, the
the AMR
AMR experience
experience Camping
will
will be
be guaranteed
guaranteed as
as much
much as
as
possible
possible

Resources
Resources on
on different
different carriers
carriers may
may
not
be
used
equally
not be used equally
Due
Due to
to HSPA
HSPA carriers
carriers high
high load
load as
as
well
well as
as the
the DRD,
DRD, the
the HSPA
HSPA setup
setup
success
success ratio
ratio may
may be
be deteriorated
deteriorated

The
The AMR
AMR carrier
carrier load
load will
will be
be
relatively
relatively low
low and
and the
the drive
drive test
test for
for
high
high signal
signal quality
quality and
and coverage
coverage will
will
be
guaranteed
as
much
be
guaranteed as much

as
possible
AMR are basic service for WCDMA. Some operators pay special attention on AMR in order to
as possible
satisfy these requirement (Prefer voice quality), HW suggests to use Preferred Camping
Strategy.
As the rapid growing of data service, system capacity become much more important than
ever before, in order to help operator to improve HSPA experience (Prefer system capacity) ,
HW suggests to use Random Camping Strategy

Conclusion
Conclusion

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HSDPA Strategy Evaluation How to use tool

Network audit tool Omstar Start UMTS_NetworkAudit

Choose items as below to analyze network strategy and corresponding
KPIs

Refer to the following document to see how to use UMTS_NetworkAudit

- UMTS Network Evaluation Tool User Guide -

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Evaluation OMSTAR Result to analysis

According to the NodeB number,

provide Top10 Strategy and as well

as its pros and cons

Provide each NodeBs strategy

Provide KPI for each carrier

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Case 1 Strategy analysis using tool example(1)

Conclusion:
94.2% NodeB deploy Random Camping Strategy
5.8% NodeB deploy Preferred Camping Strategy
Why are there so many different strategy?
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Are they right?

Case 1 Strategy analysis using tool example(2)

Remark: all the above KPIs are calculated by each cell

Conclusion:
F1/F2/F3/F4s traffic are almost equal and this is reasonable for
Random Camping Strategy
F5s deployed in suburb and its traffic is lower than other carrier
Why are there so many different strategy? Are they right?
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Case 2 Strategy Adjust Example

1. In order to improve coverage and signal quality (voice quality) , operator x
adjust its network strategy from random camping to preferred camping
2. As expected its drive signal quality improves 1.7% (EcNo>-12dB), AMR call
drop rate reduces 0.05% but PS RAB setup success ratio deteriorates 0.46%
and PS DL throughput reduces 7%

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Case 3 Strategy Configuration Example

Requirement: Prefer System Capacity
Recommend Strategy: Random Camping

F4

HSPA+R99

Dual carrier Group

SHO
HHO
Blind HO

F3

HSPA+R99

HSPA+R99

F2

HSPA+R99

HSPA+R99

HSPA+R99

HSPA+R99

HSPA+R99

F1

F4 : Non homogeneous
carrier

HSPA+R99

Camping Policy

Camp on F1 and F2 randomly

Access and Load Balance Policy
All carriers support HSPA and R99
Non H service are directly established in the cell
where the UE camp on
H service are established on F1/F2/F3/F4 through
load balance
LDR policy set as default
HSPA+
Use F3 and F4 as DC dual carriers

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Mobility Policy

Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all

carriers(ADD UINTRAFREQNCELL)
Configure one way handover based on coverage from F4 to
F3/F2 and from F3 to F2 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL)
Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2;
F1,F2-->F3; F1, F2-->F4 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL :
BlindHOFlag=TRUE)
Configure GSM as neighboring cell for all cells, only configure
F1 and F2 as neighboring cell for GSM.

Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(1)

Requirement: 1. U900 absorb weak coverage traffic 2. Prefer system capacity
DL3038

U900

U900

U900

DL10737

U2100 F1

U2100 F1

U2100 F1

DL10713

U2100 F2

U2100 F2

U2100 F2

DL10688

U2100 F3

DL10663

U2100 F4

Network Coverage:
1. F1/F2/G900 full coverage
2. U900,F3,F4 hotspot coverage

G900

G900

G900

G1800

G1800

G1800

Suggestion: Random Camping Strategy and dedicated U900 strategy

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Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(2)

Key Switches for idle / connection mode cell reselection, RAB DRD, Inter-frequency
handover, Load reshuffling:

Parameter
SIB11Ind

Value

MML Command

True/False

ADD UINTERFREQNCELL

True/False

ADD UINTERFREQNCELL

0/1/2/3

ADD UINTERFREQNCELL

BlindHoFlag

True/False

ADD UINTERFREQNCELL

DrdOrLdrFlag

True/False

ADD UINTERFREQNCELL

UE in idle
mode

SIB12Ind
UE in Con
mode

HOCovPrio
Type of Inter-freq HO

DR_RAB_SING_D
RD_SWITCH
DR_RAB_COMB_D
RD_SWITCH

ON/OFF
ON/OFF

SET
UCORRMALGOSWITCH
SET
UCORRMALGOSWITCH

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Parameter Description
"FALSE" indicates that neighboring information are not
included in the SIB11.
"TRUE" indicates that neighboring information are included in
the SIB11.
"FALSE" indicates that neighboring information are
not included in the SIB12.
"TRUE" indicates that neighboring information are
included in the SIB12
"0" indicates that the coverage-based interfrequency handover is not supported. (based on
load) Eg. for Blind HO
"1" indicates that the cell is assigned with the highest
priority for the handover.
"3" indicates that the cell is assigned with the lowest
priority for the handover.
FALSE indicates that the cell is not considered as a
candidate cell for blind handover.(HO based measurement)
TRUE indicates that the cell can be considered as a
candidate cell for blind handover
"TRUE" indicates that the cell can be considered as the
measurement object in the DRD measurement algorithm or
LDR measurement algorithm. The value "FALSE" indicates
that the cell is invalid.
DRD switch for single RAB
DRD switch for combine RAB

Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(3)

UEs will camp on U2100 F1/F2, G900 and G1800 in idle mode (i.e. Access Layers).

U900 set as limited access layer UEs can reselect to U900 when coverage of U2100
F1/F2 is poor. Idle UEs on U900 will reselect to F1/F2 when within U2100 coverage area.

U900 layer will be considered as the coverage layer for both CS and PS only one way
for UE to go to this layer (from all U2100 layers) during Connected Mode is due to
coverage (i.e. Inter-Frequency HO).

Coverage-based Inter-RAT from U2100 layers to G900 is for CS services only.

Calls end on U2100 F3/4 will be forced to re-select to U2100 F1/F2, U900 or G900
immediately.

F3 and F4 will be the Non-Access and HS-preferred layers UEs will only perform HSPA
RAB DRD from F1 to co-sector F2/3/4 cells and from F2 to co-sector F1/3/4 cells.

Combined 3G services will access at the current 3G cell, where the first service is being
served.
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LDR happens

1) between all U2100 layers (bi-directional blind Inter-Frequency HO)

2) from 3G to G900 and co-sector G1800 for CS services only (Inter-RAT - only as 4 th
action for DL LDR).
)

Measurement-Based LDR algorithm will be enabled from U900 to U2100 F1/2

(feature can only support 2 target frequencies according to 3GPP).

G900 / G1800 Layer :

Re-selections to the G1800 layer is only possible via the G900 layer.

Uni-directional traffic handovers are possible from G900 to G1800.

UEs on G1800 can move to G900 in connected mode due to coverage.

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Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(4)

IDLE MODE
U900
Access
Layer

U2100 F1

CONNECTED MODE
U900

U900

U900

U2100 F1

U2100 F1

U2100 F1

Access
Layer

U2100 F2

Capacity/N
on Access
Layer
Capacity/N
on Access
Layer

U2100 F2

U2100 F2

U2100 F3

U2100 F3

U2100 F1

CS LDR (to
G900)

Load balance layer

U2100 F4

U2100 F4

G900

Access
Layer

U2100 F2

U2100 F1

G900
Traffic -based (unidirectional)

G1800

Reselection (bidirectional)
Reselection (unidirectional)

CS Inter-RAT
and LDR (to
G900)

Coveragebased (unidirectional)

G1800

For LDR ,2 possibilities :

-Blind HO or
-Measurement based HO

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Blind IFHO LDR (co-sector, bi and unidirectional)

Coverage-based CS & PS IFHO/ CS ISHO (unidirectional)
HSPA RAB DRD (co-sector, bi and unidirectional)
Measurement based LDR

Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(5)

Parameter

U2100 F1

U2100 F2

U2100 F3

U2100 F4

U900

Cell Reselection
Qqualmin

-18dB

-18dB

-18dB

-18dB

-18dB

Qrxlevmin

-58(-115dBm)

-58(-115dBm)

-58(-115dBm)

-58(-115dBm)

-58(-115dBm)

Qhyst2

1(2dB)

1(2dB)

1(2dB)

1(2dB)

1(2dB)

IdleSintrasearch

5(10dB)

5(10dB)

5(10dB)

5(10dB)

5(10dB)

IdleSintersearch

4(8dB)

4(8dB)

127(Off)

127(Off)

127(Off)

Inter-freq Neighbors

SIB11Ind
(Idle
mode)

IdleQoffset2-inter(for
ncellswithSIB11True)

ToU900/F2-True
Toco-sectorF3/4
False

ToU900/F1-True
Toco-sectorF3/4-
False

0dB>U2100F2
3dB->U900

0dB>U2100F1
3dB->U900

ToU900/F1-True
ToU900/F2-True
ToF2andco-sectorF4- ToF1andco-sectorF3
False
False
-50dB->U2100F1
3dB>U900

-50dB->U2100F2
3dB>U900

Blindhandoverflag(for OnlyTrueforco-sector OnlyTrueforco-sector OnlyTrueforco-sector OnlyTrueforco-sector

LDRandDRD)
U2100cells
U2100cells
U2100cells
U2100cells
HOCOVPRIO

U900-2
co-sectorF2/3/4-0

U900-2
co-sectorF1/3/4-0

Exemple:
3G cell with EcNo = -9 et RSCP = -106dB
Squal = CPICH_EC/No qQualMin
Squal = -9 (-18) = 9 > Sintrasearch = 5

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U900andotherF1-2 U900andotherF2-2
co-sectorF1/2/4-0
co-sectorF1/2/30

ToF1/F2-True

-3dB->U2100F1/2
None
F1/F2-2

If Squal > Sintrasearch, the UE need not start the intra-frequencymeasurement.

If Squal Sintrasearch, the UE need to start the intra-frequency measurement.

Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(6)

Parameter

U2100 F1

U2100 F2

U2100 F3

U2100 F4

U900

Inter-freq Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)
CS2D

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

CS2F

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

H2D

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

H2F

-14dB/-107dBm

-14dB/-107dBm

-14dB/-107dBm

-14dB/-107dBm

-14dB/-107dBm

Inter-RAT Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)
CS2D

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

-16dB/-110dBm

CS2F

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

-14dB/-108dBm

H2D

-24dB/-115dBm

-24dB/-115dBm

-24dB/-115dBm

-24dB/-115dBm

-24dB/-115dBm

H2F

-21dB/-112dBm

-21dB/-112dBm

-21dB/-112dBm

-21dB/-112dBm

-21dB/-112dBm

Inter-FrequencyandInterSIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT

RATCoexistSwitch

INTERFREQ

COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_T

CoexistMeasThdChoice D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF HD_CHOICE_INTE
REQ
REQ
REQ
REQ
RFREQ

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Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(7)

Parameter

U2100 F1

U2100 F2

U2100 F3

U2100 F4

U900

DRD
ServiceSteering

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

LdbDRDSwitchDCH

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

OFF

LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA

ON

ON

OFF

OFF

OFF

LdbDRDchoice

UserNumber

UserNumber

UserNumber

UserNumber

UserNumber

H user balance Related

LdbDRDLoadRemainT
hdHSDPA

100(default)

100(default)

100(default)

100(default)

100(default)

MaxHsdpaUserNum

64(default)

64(default)

64(default)

64(default)

64(default)

LdbDRDOffsetHSDPA

1->TargetblindHOcellwillbeconsideredasaDRDcandidatewhenHS-DSCHloadofsourcecellisgreaterthanthe
loadofthetargetcellby1%ormore.

Measurement based LDR for U900 cell: TargetFreqThdRscp: -92 dBm,

TargetFreqThdEcN0: -12 dB

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Appendix

Multi-frequency relevant

Feature
Number
WRFD-020110

Feature Name
MultiFrequencyBandNetworking

features

WRFD-020160

EnhancedMultibandManagement

WRFD-02040001

IntraSystemDirectRetry

WRFD-02040002

InterSystemDirectRetry

WRFD-02040003

InterSystemRedirect

WRFD-02040004

TrafficSteeringandLoadSharingDuringRABSetup

WRFD-020302

InterFrequencyHardHandoverBasedonCoverage

WRFD-020103

InterFrequencyLoadBalance

WRFD-021200

HCS(HierarchicalCellStructure)

WRFD-020105

PotentialUserControl

WRFD-020402

MeasurementBasedDirectRetry

WRFD-020160

EnhancedMultibandManagement

Multi-carrier relevant

features

2G/3G inter-operation

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Feature
Number
WRFD-02040001
WRFD-02040002
WRFD-02040003
WRFD-02040004
WRFD-020302
WRFD-020103
WRFD-021200
WRFD-020105
WRFD-02040001
WRFD-02040002
WRFD-02040003
WRFD-020402
Feature Number
WRFD-020303
WRFD-020306
WRFD-020305
WRFD-020401

Feature Name
IntraSystemDirectRetry
InterSystemDirectRetry
InterSystemRedirect
TrafficSteeringandLoadSharingDuringRABSetup
InterFrequencyHardHandoverBasedonCoverage
InterFrequencyLoadBalance
HCS(HierarchicalCellStructure)
PotentialUserControl
IntraSystemDirectRetry
InterSystemDirectRetry
InterSystemRedirect
MeasurementBasedDirectRetry
Feature Name
Inter-RATHandoverBasedonCoverage
Inter-RATHandoverBasedonLoad
Inter-RATHandoverBasedonService
Inter-RATRedirectionBasedonDistance

Thank you
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