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ON THE PROTECTION
OF CIVILIANS
Introduction
he Government of Rwanda
organized
the
High-level
International Conference on
Contributing
Countries
Theme of the
Conference:
Protection of civilians through
Peacekeeping: From Mandate
Design to Implementation.
Objective of the
Conference:
conflict.
The
New York.
conference
was
held
to
While missions contingents express their frustration that they are scapegoated
by those who do not understand the operational realities on the ground, and the
complexities associated with protecting civilians; there exist a growing concern
for a common understanding of POC.
From Mandates Design to Implementation; bringing together the top 30 troop and
police contributing countries, the top ten financial contributing countries and other
stakeholders; and after deliberations on how to effectively implement the protection
of civilians mandates in peacekeeping operations, pledge the following:
1. To train all of our troops on the
deployment to missions.
contingent-commanders, as
by
investing
our
protect civilians.
with capital.
of
partnerships
with
regional
civilians.
12. To be vigilant in monitoring and
9. To demand clarity from the UN and
serve.
force is appropriate.
13. To take disciplinary action against
10. To seek to identify, as early as
possible,
civilians
potential
and
threats
proactively
to
take
action.
11.
To
seek
to
enhance
18. Noting
that
any
well-planned
mandates
peacekeeping
appropriate.
of
addresses
the
current
protection of civilians.
The
central
purpose
of
recommendations
strategic objectives.
of
the
High-
enhanced.
ended.
ways.
outside.
own problems.
What we can do as the international
Without security, it is impossible to
consensus-building
which
post-conflict
every
upon
sustainable
transition rests.
causes of conflict.
10
accelerates.
national
sovereignty.
Sovereignty,
Union
authorises
intervention
in
and legitimacy.
life.
12
his
opening
remarks,
the
13
adding
that
over
90 percent of UN Peacekeeping
mandates
now
focus
on
the
the
UN
protection of civilians.
Despite
this
however,
Momodou
the
sacrifices
Manneh
lauded
14
of
peacekeepers
that
further
Government
commended
the
of
for
Rwanda
strong
prevention
the Security
Statement by the UN
Assistant-Secretary General,
Dmitry Titov
The
Assistant-Secretary
General
15
resort
to
major
multinational
emphasizes
with
regional
close
cooperation
and
sub-regional
16
threats resulting in over 100 peacekeepers being killed in the line of duty every
year; and emphasized that the ultimate objective is to create a stronger, flexible,
agile, delivery-oriented peacekeeping that reflects the rapidly changing world,
the new threats and renewed international determination for collective action.
His
Excellency
Jos
Ramos-
Operations,
intensive
including
addressed.
In
their
consultations
18
protecting everyone.
the mission.
provided.
that
the
be set, he underlined.
International
Moderator:
Mr Chrisoffer Nilaus Trao,
Analyst, Danish Institute of
on Peace Operations
University
Center
Report of the High-Level International
Conference on the Protection of Civilians
20
In her presentation,
and violence.
in
terms
of
intelligence
POC
response
(successes
the
Secretariat
engages
and
adequate
The
session
also
discussed
dysfunctional
Contingent
Owned
Equipment
in
from
operations.
distinguishing
civilians
21
(COE)
also
mired
Mobility and Assets. TCCs should ask for what is needed and not what is
in the market. Deployment of good quality and functional equipments for
protection of civilian purposes in peace operations, for instance control of
aviation assets (night vision equipment and the use of modern technology).
mission
on Protection of Civilians.
mandates.
Frameworks
communities
observed.
22
in
the
information
sources of resilience.
operations;
and
outlined
five
and on POC.
life cycle.
international
norm
On
the
emerging
literature
on
the
displacement;
patterns
of
23
engaging
local
communities
Civilian
mandates
he argued.
protection
is
also
associated
battlefield
deaths,
with
he
On
five
contemporary
assumptions
peace
about
operations
configurations
and
footprints
of
peace operations.
24
fundamental
distinction
between
strategies.
Prof. Paul Williams identified four baskets of issues that should form the core of
the analytical effort as follows:
Patterns of generic risk factors e.g. causes and size of displaced populations;
patterns of hate speech in relevant media; patterns of organized criminality
etc.
Typology of organized violence in the area of operations e.g. battles, onesided violence, inter-communal conflicts, riots/demonstrations etc.
The repertoires of violence of particular armed actors (state and nonstate) e.g. tactics, techniques and procedures favored by specific groups
who perpetrate violence against civilians, and the concomitant most likely
scenarios for violence against civilians.
26
collaboration
and
coordination
importance
of
identifying
early
subsequent
discussions
risks.
Moderator:
Speaker:
Marie Louise Baricako, Member of
Panel
on Peace Operations
Speaker:
Augustin Tine,
Armees, Senegal
28
missions.
was
also
put
forward
that
to
reduce
operational
implications.
29
Moderator:
Speaker:
International Peacekeeping
Training Centre
Foreign Affairs
Speaker:
Victoria Holt,
Deputy Assistant Secretary of
State, United States
Report of the High-Level International
Conference on the Protection of Civilians
30
Components of UN Peacekeeping
2015.
Although
against civilians.
missions
have
been
missions.
get
competing concepts.
conflicting
31
guidance,
and
POC mandate.
capacity.
in peacekeeping operations.
group on TCC/PCCs.
POC.
32
33
Moderator:
Speaker:
of Peacekeeping Operations
Speaker:
Speaker:
Pakistan
Commander, UNAMID
Report of the High-Level International
Conference on the Protection of Civilians
34
straightforward,
providing
clarity
to
strengthen
pre-deployment
training on PoC.
Participants also
discussed
puzzle;
and
identified
North-
can
complex
current
These
include:
deployment
dilapidated
Contingent
Equipments
(COEs)
of
Owned
especially
protection of civilians.
in countries with large surface areas with poor infrastructure e.g. impassable
roads during some periods. He recommended that:
clearly
premised on a well-grounded
TCCs
should
is
ensure
that
professionally
conducted
integrity.
Tough measures should be
for
The
leadership
member
of
transportation
and
UN
should
the
states
speedy
poor infrastructure.
because
commitment
36
is
with
scenarios
based
deployment
exploring.
forces
was
training;
worth
Call in DPKO).
mission caveats;
On strengthening pre-deployment
On
Pre-deployment
training,
he
38
threats.
Moderator:
Speaker:
Adviser, UN Department of
Peacekeeping Operations
Speaker:
Speaker:
Moussa, Ethiopia
39
on
his
session
focussed
He
highlighted
to protect civilians.
protect civilians.
Participants
also
discussed
Cruz
ground, he recommended.
highlighted
that
the
core
40
clarified,
TCCs
especially
how
stressed
that
while
the
be ensured.
encounters some counter sentiments from host governments. Use of subregional brigades was recommended as the best approach to use of force
to effectively implement PoC, given their geographical proximity, and local
knowledge.
42
43
S/N
FULL NAMES
1 Hon. Md.Shahriar Alam
TITLE
COUNTRY
BANGLADESH
BRAZIL
Ambassador
BURUNDI
BURUNDI
BURUNDI
6 David Angell
High Commissionner
CANADA
Participant
CENTRAL AFRICA
EGYPT
8
9
10
11
12 Elkeshky Mohamed
13 Dr Mamira Negn
14 H.E AMR
EL-SHERBINI
Ambassador
~President
Paul Kagame EGYPT
Minister Plenipotentiary
EGYPT
EAST TIMOR
16 Daniel Schaer
ESTONIA
ETHIOPIA
FRANCE
GERMANY
20 Leonie Schroter
GERMANY
GERMANY
HOLLAND
Counselor
JAPAN
JAPAN
JAPAN
27 Dr Frorence T.Ochieng
KENYA
28 Kiritu M Wamai
KENYA
www.civilianprotection.rw
Report of the High-Level International
Conference on the Protection of Civilians
44