11.

Selected Stress Intensity Factor Cases

This section will present a catalog of stress-intensity factor solutions for some typical crack
geometries. Many of these solutions are found in computer programs and handbooks. Tables
11.3.1 through 11.3.5 summarize the solutions that are presented. The solutions are categorized
by the location of the crack, either embedded, in a plate (surface or edge), or at a hole, in Tables
11.3.1 through 11.3.3. Solutions for cracks in a cylinders and sphere are summarized in Table
11.3.4, and the ASTM standard specimens are listed in Table 11.3.5. Table 11.3.6 includes
listings of the parameters used in the drawings and equations as well as their definitions.
Following these tables, the equations for the stress-intensity factor solutions are given. The
solutions are presented in the same order as listed in the tables.
The remote loading solutions are presented in the form:
K i = Fi a

(11.3.1)

where the coefficient Fi is expressed as a function of geometry, and i indicates the loading type.
Some of the cases considered can be used to develop more complex solutions through the
methods of superposition and compounding
Table 11.3.1. Embedded Cracks
Description

Illustration

References

Newman &
Raju [1984]

Embedded Crack in
a Plate

Forman, et al.
[1998]

11.3.1

Table 11.3.2. Cracks in a Plate

Description

Illustration

References

Surface Crack in
Plate

Newman & Raju [1984]

Forman, et al. [1989]

Through Crack in
the Center of a
Plate

Fedderson [1966]
Paris & Sih [1964]
Roberts & Kibler [1971]
Forman, et al. [1998]

11.3.2

Corner Crack at
the Edge of a
Plate

Raju & Newman [1988]

Forman, et al. [1998]

Through Crack at
the Edge of a
Plate

Tada, et al. [1973]

Forman, et al. [1998]

11.3.3

Table 11.3.3. Cracks from Holes

Description

Illustration

References

Radial Corner
Crack from a
Hole

Newman & Raju [1984]

Forman, et al. [1989]

Radial Through
Crack from a
Hole

Shivakumar & Hsu

[1977]
Zatz, et al. [1981]
Isida [1973]
Forman, et al. [1989]

Corner Crack
from a Hole in a
Lug

Newman & Raju [1984]

Forman & Mettu [1992]
Forman, et al. [1998]

Through Crack
from a Hole in a
Lug

Shivakumar & Hsu

[1977]
Zatz, et al. [1981]
Forman, et al. [1989]

11.3.4

Table 11.3.4. Cracks in Cylinders and Spheres

Description

Illustration

References

Surface Crack in
a Solid Cylinder

Forman & Shivakumar

[1986]
Forman, et al. [1998]

Longitudinal
Surface Crack in
a Cylinder

Newman & Raju [1979]

Forman, et al. [1989]

Longitudinal
Through Crack
in a Cylinder

Newman [1976]
Forman, et al. [1998]

11.3.5

Thumbnail
Crack on a
Hollow
Cylinder

Raju & Newman [1984]

Forman, et al. [1989]

Circular
Through Crack
in a Cylinder

Forman, et al. [1985]

Forman, et al. [1998]

Through Crack
in a Sphere

Erdogan & Kibler [1969]

Forman, et al. [1998]

11.3.6

Table 11.3.5. ASTM Standard Specimens

Description

Illustration

Standard CenterCracked Tension

Specimen

References

Fedderson [1966]

Standard
Compact
Specimen

ASTM E399 [2000]

Standard Round
Compact
Specimen

ASTM E399 [2000]

Standard ArcShaped Specimen

ASTM E399 [2000]

11.3.7

Standard Bend
Specimen

ASTM E399 [2000]

11.3.8

Table 11.3.6. Description of Parameters Used for SIF Solutions

Parameter
a
c
t
W
D
B
R

0
1 and 2
3

Description
Crack Depth
Crack Length
Thickness
Width
Hole diameter;
cylinder diameter
Distance from hole center to edge of plate
Thickness (ASTM standard solutions)
Cylinder radius
Remote tension stress
Bending stresses
Bearing stress

11.3.9

Table 11.3.7. Stress Intensity Solutions for Embedded Cracks

K 0 = F0

F 0 = M 0 gf f w f x

Embedded Crack in
a Plate

= M 1 + M 2 ( a / t )2 + M 3 ( a / t )4

0 . 05

0 . 11 + ( a / c ) 2

0 . 29
M3 =
3

0 . 23 + ( a / c ) 2

4
2
(
)
(
a
/
t
)
.
(
a
/
t
)
2
6

2
g =1
(1 + 4( a / c ) )

a a 2
f w = sec

W t
dc
= 0 o for
dN
da
= 90 o for
dN
See Tables 11.3.11 for f and fx equations

11.3.10

cos

Table 11.3.8. Stress Intensity Solutions for Cracks in a Plate

F0 = M 0 g 1 f f w f x
F1 = H c F0
Tension
Surface Crack
in a Plate

K 0 = F0
Bending

K 1 = F1 1 a

Tension
Through Crack K = F
a
0
0
0
in the Center of
Bending
a Plate
K 1 = F1 1 a

Tension
Corner Crack
K 0 = F0 0 a
at the Edge of a
Bending
Plate
K 1 = F1 1 a

Through Crack
at the Edge of a
Plate

K 1 = F1 1 a

K 2 = F2

dc
dN
da
= 90o for
dN
See Table 11.3.12 for M0, g1, f , and fx equations

= 10o for

F 0 = sec

F
F1 = 0
2
Fi = f x f

1
2

fa fi

a a c
f i = , , for i = 0 , 1 , 2
c t W
See Tables 11.3.12 for f , fa and fx equations and
Table 11.3.9 for fi

tan
F0 = sec

Tension
K 0 = F0
Bending

c a

f w = sec

W t

F1 =

a
0.752 + 2.02 + 0.37(1 sin )3
W

F0
2

tan
F2 = sec

a
=
2W

11.3.11

2
4
0.923 + 0.199(1 sin )

Table 11.3.9. Calculation of fi for Corner Crack Solution

a a a
f i = , , obtained from interpolating in f0, f1, f2 tables as follows
c t W
1

Four data points, fI{(a/c)j, a/t, c/W}|j=1,2,3,4, are calculated using cubic spline interpolation,
where (a/c)j are listed tabular values of 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, and 5.0, and, in
general, (a/c)j=1,2 < a/c and (a/c)j=3,4 > a/c.

fi(a/c) are then calculated from the above four data points using piecewise Hermite
polynomial interpolation.
Table of F0 Values

a/c

a/t

0.2

0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0

0.4

0.5

1.0

c/W = 0.0
a-tip
c-tip
1.037
1.078
1.157
1.515
2.031
2.475
1.073
1.094
1.131
1.317
1.636
1.941
1.086
1.102
1.130
1.272
1.546
1.801
1.138
1.141
1.144
1.198
1.364
1.481

1.280
1.311
1.374
1.752
2.498
3.286
1.173
1.198
1.241
1.488
1.985
2.504
1.158
1.179
1.211
1.414
1.827
2.260
1.138
1.142
1.145
1.232
1.413
1.615

c/W = 0.1
a-tip
c-tip
1.041
1.083
1.161
1.536
2.098
2.578
1.077
1.097
1.135
1.339
1.691
2.015
1.090
1.106
1.134
1.294
1.596
1.871
1.142
1.144
1.152
1.220
1.399
1.545

1.285
1.318
1.380
1.787
2.663
3.585
1.177
1.201
1.246
1.521
2.069
2.638
1.160
1.180
1.217
1.446
1.899
2.368
1.141
1.144
1.154
1.251
1.470
1.686

c/W = 0.2
a-tip
c-tip
1.043
1.087
1.169
1.571
2.196
2.749
1.082
1.104
1.147
1.378
1.780
2.167
1.097
1.113
1.147
1.335
1.684
2.021
1.145
1.154
1.172
1.267
1.486
1.685

1.291
1.322
1.388
1.833
2.832
3.931
1.183
1.206
1.257
1.567
2.198
2.861
1.165
1.185
1.228
1.492
2.018
2.558
1.144
1.152
1.172
1.309
1.565
1.801

c/W = 0.5
a-tip
c-tip

c/W = 0.8
a-tip
c-tip

c/W = 1.0
a-tip
c-tip

1.070
1.116
1.207
1.732
2.749
3.790
1.130
1.161
1.227
1.577
2.318
3.111
1.150
1.178
1.238
1.550
2.224
2.931
1.236
1.261
1.309
1.547
2.056
2.514

1.102
1.145
1.240
1.944
3.623
5.523
1.201
1.233
1.306
1.865
3.239
4.813
1.235
1.271
1.345
1.879
3.169
4.595
1.416
1.470
1.565
2.075
3.171
4.162

1.128
1.169
1.268
2.124
4.378
7.026
1.254
1.289
1.375
2.117
4.066
6.355
1.308
1.350
1.439
2.161
4.010
6.163
1.601
1.683
1.801
2.555
4.196
5.977

1.330
1.355
1.420
1.993
3.528
5.340
1.244
1.267
1.337
1.749
2.781
3.972
1.220
1.245
1.310
1.684
2.574
3.568
1.192
1.220
1.267
1.547
2.075
2.555

1.390
1.408
1.470
2.243
4.603
7.514
1.314
1.343
1.417
2.072
3.816
5.875
1.302
1.339
1.417
2.045
3.609
5.380
1.343
1.399
1.486
2.056
3.171
4.190

1.441
1.452
1.513
2.448
5.491
9.311
1.365
1.398
1.488
2.349
4.723
7.559
1.381
1.424
1.511
2.355
4.516
7.059
1.523
1.609
1.685
2.514
4.162
5.977

Table of F1 Values
a/c

a/t

0.2

0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5

0.4

0.5

c/W = 0.0
a-tip
c-tip
1.037
0.939
0.855
0.683
0.392
0.056
1.073
0.941
0.820
0.515
0.194
-0.026
1.086
0.946
0.808
0.475

1.280
1.287
1.295
1.475
1.762
2.050
1.173
1.152
1.148
1.195
1.340
1.490
1.158
1.130
1.114
1.124

c/W = 0.1
a-tip
c-tip
1.041
0.940
0.862
0.689
0.428
0.093
1.077
0.943
0.828
0.538
0.217
-0.018
1.090
0.952
0.820
0.490

1.285
1.289
1.296
1.486
1.811
2.129
1.177
1.160
1.157
1.210
1.360
1.503
1.160
1.139
1.126
1.140

c/W = 0.2
a-tip
c-tip
1.043
0.945
0.870
0.706
0.469
0.165
1.082
0.956
0.842
0.562
0.247
0.035
1.097
0.965
0.840
0.526

1.291
1.294
1.302
1.520
1.898
2.266
1.183
1.170
1.168
1.236
1.400
1.573
1.165
1.148
1.140
1.164

11.3.12

c/W = 0.5
a-tip
c-tip

c/W = 0.8
a-tip
c-tip

c/W = 1.0
a-tip
c-tip

1.070
0.975
0.910
0.820
0.730
0.572
1.130
1.015
0.911
0.694
0.488
0.357
1.150
1.027
0.915
0.660

1.102
1.029
0.972
0.956
1.135
1.264
1.201
1.087
0.997
0.877
0.903
1.028
1.235
1.117
1.019
0.873

1.128
1.077
1.025
1.070
1.494
1.883
1.254
1.188
1.124
1.027
1.255
1.698
1.308
1.233
1.167
1.055

1.330
1.336
1.360
1.632
2.231
2.793
1.244
1.214
1.212
1.378
1.705
2.044
1.220
1.192
1.183
1.313

1.390
1.400
1.435
1.829
2.811
3.745
1.314
1.307
1.333
1.603
2.243
2.857
1.302
1.297
1.320
1.573

1.441
1.458
1.510
1.990
3.204
4.577
1.365
1.396
1.455
1.807
2.739
3.599
1.381
1.417
1.482
1.831

1.0

0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0

0.129
-0.094
1.138
0.965
0.785
0.345
-0.070
-0.352

1.223
1.334
1.138
1.087
1.047
0.982
0.961
0.964

0.150
-0.079
1.142
0.977
0.810
0.375
-0.043
-0.323

1.243
1.343
1.141
1.097
1.060
1.000
0.983
0.990

0.184
-0.032
1.145
0.993
0.838
0.419
-0.006
-0.279

1.281
1.407
1.144
1.111
1.080
1.033
1.031
1.043

0.422
0.274
1.236
1.094
0.960
0.590
0.228
-.005

1.570
1.854
1.192
1.176
1.167
1.194
1.280
1.407

0.838
0.934
1.416
1.288
1.180
0.942
0.698
0.637

2.099
2.594
1.343
1.348
1.368
1.574
1.831
2.028

1.197
1.600
1.601
1.488
1.408
1.270
1.189
1.154

2.654
3.375
1.523
1.573
1.650
2.012
2.551
2.992

Table of F0 Values
a/c

a/t

0.2

0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.0

0.4

0.5

1.0

c/W = 0.0
a-tip
c-tip
1.037
1.078
1.157
1.515
2.031
2.475
1.070
1.095
1.131
1.317
1.630
1.941
1.086
1.102
1.130
1.272
1.546
1.801
1.138
1.141
1.144
1.192
1.343
1.523

1.280
1.311
1.374
1.752
2.498
3.286
1.175
1.198
1.241
1.488
1.985
2.504
1.158
1.179
1.211
1.414
1.827
2.260
1.138
1.142
1.145
1.236
1.416
1.601

c/W = 0.1
a-tip
c-tip
1.006
1.050
1.119
1.469
1.997
2.470
1.050
1.070
1.100
1.281
1.629
1.970
1.055
1.074
1.100
1.241
1.538
1.851
1.087
1.097
1.111
1.176
1.348
1.573

1.054
1.080
1.123
1.492
2.282
3.085
1.000
1.015
1.039
1.288
1.798
2.318
0.989
1.000
1.025
1.230
1.649
2.075
0.965
0.977
0.993
1.094
1.288
1.488

c/W = 0.2
a-tip
c-tip
0.976
1.020
1.090
1.440
2.009
2.558
1.010
1.037
1.074
1.271
1.652
2.044
1.020
1.040
1.070
1.234
1.560
1.926
1.047
1.060
1.080
1.167
1.368
1.650

0.822
0.848
0.896
1.259
2.081
2.967
0.796
0.812
0.852
1.112
1.635
2.167
0.789
0.809
0.846
1.067
1.502
1.939
0.785
0.810
0.838
0.960
1.280
1.408

11.3.13

c/W = 0.5
a-tip
c-tip

c/W = 0.8
a-tip
c-tip

c/W = 1.0
a-tip
c-tip

0.900
0.955
1.039
1.400
2.124
2.873
0.940
0.970
1.010
1.250
1.772
2.376
0.942
0.968
1.004
1.216
1.701
2.271
0.982
1.000
1.033
1.194
1.574
2.012

0.800
0.866
0.952
1.313
2.200
3.320
0.845
0.875
0.922
1.196
1.912
2.778
0.854
0.884
0.930
1.187
1.851
2.680
0.961
0.983
1.031
1.280
1.831
2.551

0.740
0.805
0.885
1.250
2.300
3.700
0.769
0.806
0.859
1.150
1.998
3.177
0.792
0.825
0.878
1.157
1.938
3.068
0.964
0.990
1.043
1.407
2.028
2.992

0.138
0.150
0.190
0.530
1.447
2.536
0.215
0.242
0.276
0.563
1.199
1.861
0.244
0.272
0.310
0.566
1.123
1.685
0.345
0.375
0.419
0.590
0.942
1.270

-0.566
-0.550
-0.522
-0.276
0.614
1.821
-0.335
-0.324
-0.284
-0.045
0.649
1.548
-0.269
-0.255
-0.212
0.025
0.652
1.435
-0.070
-0.043
-0.006
0.228
0.698
1.189

-1.033
-1.018
-0.996
-0.814
0.058
1.347
-0.714
-0.700
-0.658
-0.419
0.282
1.194
-0.625
-0.603
-0.561
-0.311
0.362
1.132
-0.352
-0.323
-0.279
-0.005
0.637
1.154

Table 11.3.10. Stress Intensity Solutions for Cracks from Holes

F0 = G 0 G w

Tension

Radial
Corner
Crack from
a Hole

K 0 = F0
Bending

K 1 = F1 1 a

F1 = G1 Gw H c

G D

F3 = 0
+ G1 G w
2W

Bearing
K 3 = F 3 3 a

See Tables 11.3.11 and 11.3.12 for additional equations

F0 = G 0 G w
Radial
Through
Crack from
a Hole

Tension
K 0 = F0
Bearing

K 3 = F 3 3 a

G D

F3 = 0
+ G1 G w
2W

Gw

sec (sin
=

) 2

See Tables 11.3.11 and 11.3.12 for additional equations

Corner
Crack from
a Hole in a
Lug

Bearing
K 3 = F 3 3 a

G D

F3 = 0
+ G1 G w
2W

See Tables 11.3.11 and 11.3.12 for additional equations

11.3.14

G D

+ G1 G wG L G 2
F3 = 0
2W

GL

D 2
= sec

2W

Gw =

( sec ) 2
2

Through
Crack from
a Hole in a
Lug

Bearing
K 3 = F 3 3 a

c
c
c
G 2 = C1 + C 2 + C 3 + C 4
b
b
b
W D
b=
2

D
C 1 = 0 . 688 + 0 . 772
+ 0 . 613
W

C2

D
D
= 4 . 948 17 . 318

+ 16 . 785
W
W

D
C 3 = 14 . 297 + 62 . 994
69 . 818
W

W
2

D
D
C 4 = 12 . 35 58 . 664

+ 66 . 387
W
W
See Tables 11.3.11 and 11.3.12 for additional equations

11.3.15

Table 11.3.11. Additional Equations Used for Calculating SIF at Holes

Thru Cracks

Part-thru Cracks

D + a

2 2B a

a D + a

2 t 2 B a

G0

f 0 ( z0 )

f 0 ( z0 )
d0

G1

f1 ( z0 )

gp
f1 ( z0 )
d0

f 0 ( z2 )
d2

G2
M

Gw
z

2a

1 +
D

g1 g 3 g 4 f w f f x

a
1 + 2 D cos ( )

dc
dN
da
= 80o for
dN

= 10o for

11.3.16

Table 11.3.12. Additional Equations Used for Calculating SIF for Cracks In a Plate and Cracks
at Holes
Parameter

Equation

f 0 (z )

0.7071 + 0.7548 z + 0.3415 z 2 + 0.642 z 3 + 0.9196 z 4

f1 ( z )

0.078 z + 0.7588 z 2 0.4293z 3 + 0.0644 z 4 + 0.651z 5

M0

a
a
m1 + m2 + m3
t
t

Hc

H 1 + (H 2 H 1 ) sin p 3

H1

a
a
a
1 + G11 + G12 + G13
t
t
t

H2

a
a
a
1 + G 21 + G 22 + G23
t
t
t

a
1 + 2 D cos

z0 ,1

( 0 ,1 )

d 0 ,1

1 + 0.13z02,1

0.85

0.85 0.25v 0.25

W + D

W D

gp

0.5

D
2D

B
W

a
1
c
fx

a
1 + 1 . 464
c

a
>1
c
1 . 65

2
cos + sin

c
2

f a , M1

m1

a
1.13 0.09
c

1
2

1
4

1 . 65

c
1 + 1 . 464
a

1
2

c
2
cos + sin

a

c
a

a

c

11.3.17

1
2

a
+ 0.04
c

3
2

1
4

 0.54 +

m2
m3

g1

0.5

0.89
(0.2 + ( a / c ))

0.2( a / c ) 4

1
24
+ 14(1 ( a / c ))
(0.65 + ( a / c ))

1 + 0.1 + 0.35

( 1 sin

g3

g4

)2 ]

a
1 + 0.04 1 + 0.1 ( 1 cos
c

a 4
0.85 + 0.15 t

a
0.11
c

0.35
1 + 0.1 +
( a / t )2
(
a
/
c
)

( 1 sin

1.13 0.09 1 + 0.1 ( 1 cos

a 4
0.85 + 0.15 t

a a
a
1 0.7 1 0.2 1
t c
c

a a
a
a
0.1 + 1.3 + 1.1 0.7
c t
c
t

G11

a
a
0.43 0.74 0.84
c
c

G12

a
a
1.25 1.19 + 4.39
c
c

G13

a
a
1.94 + 4.22 5.51
c
c

G21

a
a
1.5 0.04 1.73
c
c

G22

a
a
1.71 3.17 + 6.84
c
c

G23

a
a
1.28 + 2.71 5.22
c
c

0 .2 +

1
a
+ 0.6
(a/ c)
t

2.07 +

4.35 +
2

11.3.18

0.16
(a/ c)

2.93

0.3
(a / c)

3.64 +

0.37
(a / c)

5.87
2

0.06
(a/ c)

4.32 +

0.49
(a/ c)
0.53
(a/ c)

)2 ]

)2

Table 11.3.13. Cracks in Cylinders and Spheres

[
= G [0 . 923 + 0 . 199 Y ]

F 0 = G 0 . 752 + 1 . 286 + 0 . 37 Y

Surface
Crack in a
Solid
Cylinder

F1

Tension
K 0 = F0

Bending

K 1 = F1 1 a

(tan ) 2
2
G = 0 . 92 sec

Y = 1 sin
a

2 D

F 0 = 0 . 97 M 0 g 1 f f c f i f x

(
(

Longitudinal
Surface
Crack in a
Cylinder

K 0 = F0

)
)

1+ k2
2t
fc =
1
0
.
5
v
+

1 k
D 2t
2t
k =1
D
f i = 1 . 0 for internal crack
f i = 1 .1

for external

crack

dc
dN
da
= 90 o for
dN
See Table 11.3.12 for M0, g1, f , and fx equations

= 10 o for

Longitudinal
Through
Crack in a
Cylinder

K 0 = F0

F 0 = 1 + 0 . 52 + 1 . 29 2 0 . 074 3

a
Rt

11.3.19

1
2

a
a 2

F0 = G A0 + B0 sin + C 0 + D0 cos 2

t
t

a
a 2

F1 = G A1 + B1 sin + C1 + D1 cos 2

t
t

a
A 0 = 1 . 135 0 . 135
c
2

a
a
B 0 = 0 . 5 0 . 663 + 0 . 266 +
c
c
2

0 . 713 1 . 286 a + 0 . 651 a 2 t

c
c D

a
C 0 = 0 . 56 + 0 . 555
c
a
D 0 = 0 . 876 0 . 465
c

Thumbnail
Crack on a
Hollow
Cylinder

a
A1 = 1 . 093 0 . 1
c

Tension
K 0 = F0

a 2t
0 . 86 0 . 217
c D

Bending

K 1 = F1 1 a

0 . 598 +
2

2t
a
a
B 1 = 0 . 936 1 . 758 + 0 . 903
a
c
c
0 . 417 c D

a
C 1 = 0 . 556 + 0 . 548
c

a
2 . 382 2 . 226 +
c 2t
a
D 1 = 0 . 943 0 . 518
D
2
c
a

0 .9 c

2 . 14 a 1 . 557 a +

c
c
2 t (a t )

Y = 1 0 . 385

3
D (a c )
a

0 . 417 c

1 . 65

a
f x = 1 + 4 . 464
c

dc
dN
da
for
dN

= 10 o for
= 90 o

11.3.20

1
2

G =

fx
Y

I 2
F0 = 0
2
1

I 2
F1 = 1
2

Tension

Circular
Through
Crack in a
Cylinder

K 0 = F0

Bending

K 1 = F1 1 a

2 2
2
I0 = 8 f 1 +

b k

2 2
I1 = 8 g 2 1 +

b k

h (1 cot )
f =1+
2

h + cot 2 cot (sin )

g = 1 +

h=

b =

( )
cot
+
2

2 cot

2k
t
12 (1 v 2 )
k =
R

1
4

2
3
b 0 . 0293 b
16

= 1+

8b
=

=c/R

Through
Crack in a
Sphere

K 0 = F0

0 .5

F0 = 1 + 32

a
Rt

11.3.21

0 . 179
+

for b 1

0 . 885

for b > 1

Table 11.3.14. Stress Intensity Solutions for ASTM Standard Specimens

Standard Centercracked Tension

Specimen

K 0 = F0 0 a

a
F0 = sec
W

1/ 2

K 0 = F0 0 a

Standard
Compact
Specimen

3 / 2

a
a
F0 = D( aW ) 1 / 2 2 + 1
G
W W

a
a
a
a
G = 0.886 + 4.64 13.32 + 14.72 5.6
W
W
W
W

K 0 = F0 0 a

Standard Round
Compact
Specimen

F 0 = D ( aW

1
2

2 + a 1 a

W
W

3
2

a
a
a
a
G = 0 . 76 + 4 . 8
11 . 58
+ 11 . 43
4 . 08

W
W
W
W
K 0 = F0 0 a

F0 = D ( a W )
Standard ArcShaped Specimen

1
2

3X
a
W + 1.9 + 1.1 W GY

G = 1 + 0.25 1
W
a
a
Y=
1
W W

3
2

1 R + W

2
3

a
a
a
3.74 6.3 + 6.32 2.43
W
W
W

K 0 = F0 0 a

Standard Bend
Specimen

a
a
a
a
1.99 1 2.15 3.93 + 2.7
W
W
W W

F0 =
3
2a
a 2

1 + 1
W W

11.3.22