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SUPPLEMENTAL REVIEW
B- ag Technique
- steps which are carried out by the nurse to facilitate the
performance of nursing procedures with ease and deafness
Remember the:
Bag and its contents must be protected from any possible contamination
Always wash your hands to prevent the spread of infection
Gather all necessary articles and supplies to answer emergency needs
Note: blood pressure apparatus and stethoscope are carried
separately
D- OH PROGRAMS
E- pidemiology
CBR= total number of live births registered in a given calendar year x 1000
Estimated population as July 1 of same year
CRUDE DEATH RATE (CDR) – a measure of one mortality from all causes
which may result in a decrease of population
INFANT MORTALITY RATE (IMR) –measure the risk of dying during the
1st year if life
• A fully immunized child should have received one (1) dose of BCG,
three (3) doses of DPT, three (3) doses of OP, three (3) doses of
hepatitis B and one (1) dose of measles, before the child’s birthday
• Moderate fever, malnutrition, mild respiratory infection, cough,
diarrhea and vomiting are not contraindications to vaccination
• DPT2 or DPT3 is not given to a child who has had convulsion or shock
within 3 days of the pervious dose
• BCG vaccine is not given to a child with clinical AIDS
• Measles and polio vaccines are most sensitive to heat
ADMNISTRATION OF VACCINES
Vaccine Dose Route of Site of
Administration administration
• BCG- lay the syringe and needle almost flat along the child’s arm
- if the vaccine is injected correctly into the skin, a flat wheal
with the surface pitted like an orange peer will appear at the injection
site
• MEASLES –the best injection site is on the outer side of the upper
arm
• TETANUS TOXOID –the best injection site for a woman is the outer
side of the left upper arm
Note: TT1 gives initial protection, TT2 provides 3 years protection for
the mother, TT3 provides 5 years protection, TT4 provides 10 years
protection and TT5 provides lifetime protection of the mother
M- edicinal Plants
Akapulko Anti-fungal
• Acupuncture
- stimulating specific anatomic points called HSUEH
- goal: manipulation of energy flow throughout the body following as
thorough assessment by a practitioner
- indication: acute and chronic pain and motion disabilities
- contraindications: pregnancy, hemophlia, acute CVD
• Aromatherapy
- based on olfactory stimuli used to help balance the DOSHAS, the
mediators between physiologic and psychologic process
- done often at night to induce sleep
- use of essential oils of plants to treat symptoms
• Bag Technique
- a tool making use of the public health bag through which the nurse
during the visit can perform nursing procedures with ease and deftness,
saving time and effort at the end in view of rendering effective nursing
care
- PUBLIC HEALTH BAG –essential and indispensable equipment of the
public health nurse
- principles: should minimize if not totally prevent the spread of
infection: should save time and effort
- special consideration: hand washing
- content of the bag: Bp apparatus and stethoscope are carried
separately; medicines also include – betadine, 70% alcohol, benedict’s
solution
- place waste paper bag outside of work area to prevent contamination of
clean area
Sample Questions:
1. this is the tool trough which the nurse, during home visit can perform
nursing procedures with ease and deftness, saving time and effort with
the end of view of rendering effective nursing care:
a. public health bag
b. bag technique
c. home visit
d. all of the above
2 the public health bag contains basic medications and articles which are
necessary for giving care during home visits. Its contents are he
following EXCEPT:
a. soap, adhesive plaster and tape measure
b. betadine, acetic acid and benedict’s solution
c. surgical scissors and forceps
d. stethoscope and sphygmomanometer
Sample Question:
1. the key role for the community health nurse in dealing with
communities is to:
a. make sure that people in the community are empowered and able to
participate
b. provide incentives for community members to follow the protocols of
any study or drug trial
c. establish project teams that will collect and analyze data
d. closely direct community members so that the community assessments
are done appropriately
Sample questions:
1. the community health nurse acting in the role of clinician would be
more likely to:
a. work to participate the special needs of a population such as homeless
people
b. focus on reducing the incidence of disease in a population
c. address the spiritual needs of a group without performing any
screening or treatment
d. coordinate the various components of care to different areas of thr
health system
2. the CHN acting in the role of advocate would be most likely to
promote;
a. self-care and self-determination for the population
b. telling the people in a community that the medical experts know what is
best for them
c. smoking cessation
d. that health care options should be pursued without the influence of
friends or families
3. which of the following is not a role for the community health nurse
providing hospice or end of life care?
a. providing resources for caregivers to prevent burnout
b. ensuring that the client is given every reasonable chance to extend life
and is encouraged not to give up too easily
c. working as part of a multidisciplinary team to meet client’s, family and
community needs
d. promoting and coordinating palliative care and services
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT:
- process of examining the community in collaboration with the community
members to develop strategies that improve health and quality of life for
the community
- community competence refers to the community’s ability to identify
needs, achieve working consequence and agree and work together to meet
goals
- three dimensions include: status, structure and process
- status- information about morbidity and mortality, life expectancy,
crime rates and education
- structure – socioeconomic, age, gender, resources
- process – how the community operates and functions as a whole
Sample questions:
1. a community is best described as:
a. people living in the same place
b. organizations, family groups and friend groups that interact
c. groups that have common interest or needs
d. all of the above
2. a community that is described as having community competence has
which of the following characteristics?
a. the ability to perform their own cross-sectional epidemiological studies
b. the ability to delegate any community processes to an outside expert
such as community health nurse
c. the ability to identify their own needs, achieve consensus, plan and
implement goals
d. the ability to predict morbidity and mortality rates for the population
3. all of the following are part of the community assessment process,
EXCEPT:
a. identifying available resources such as time, money and team skills
b. collecting and analyzing information
c. withholding results from the community until they can be statistically
confirmed, to avoid alarming people
d. setting action priorities based on the needs of the community and
available resources
4. a valid way to collect data for a community assessment is:
a. using a library database for literative review
b. reading government documents to find out about previous data
c. using surveys or questionnaires to gather information from the
community members
d. all of the above
Sample questions:
1. during clinic visits, all of the following are done in the consultation
conference, EXCEPT:
a. take clinical history after greeting and making client at ease
b. refer client to other related staff or agency if necessary
c. take temperature, BP, height and weight
d. perform physical assessment and selective laboratory examination
COMMUNITY ORGANIZING:
- a continuous of awareness building, organizing and mobilizing community
members towards community development
- phases of activities:
PRE-ENTRY- preparation of the staff
- site selection
ENTRY PHASE – integration with the community
- courtesy calls, information campaigns, identification
of potential leaders
CORE-GROUP FORMATION AND MOBILIZING
- integration with the core group
ORGANIZATIO- BUILDING
- organizing barrio health committee, setting up the community
organization
CONSOLIDATION AND EXPANSION PHASE
- networking and establishing linkages, implementation of
livelihood-projects and developing secondary leaders
Sample questions;
1. one of the primary tasks of the community health nurses during the
pre-entry phase is the selection of the barangay to become the initial
site for their organizing efforts. The following are the steps in the
selection of the project site by the team, EXCEPT:
a. developing criteria for site selection
b. identifying potential barangays and choosing the final project village
c. identification of potential leaders
d. identification of the host family
2. it is during this period that one member of the team formed was given
the ole of a community organizer:
a. organizing-building phase
b. core stoup formation phase
c. consolidation phase
d. expansion phase
3. for potential leaders to perform their roles effectively, they have to
possess certain characteristics. Among these are the following, EXCEPT:
a. they must belong to the poor sector
b. they must be respected members of the community
c. preferably informal leaders
d. formal leaders with many community responsibilities
4. this phase signals the start of community self-management of any
development program:
a. consolidation and expansion phase
b. core group formation
c. entry phase
d. organization building phase
5. under this phase of the education and training process, the conduct of
training, monitoring and documentation of training are included in:
a. implementation phase
b. planning phase
c. evaluation phase
d. post-training phase
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH:
- Vision: health for all filipinos
- mission: enhance accessibility and quality of health care to improve the
quality of life of all Filipinos, especially the poor
- basic principles to achieve improvement of health
1. ensured universal access to basic health services
2. health and nutrition of vulnerable groups must be prioritized
3. epidemiological shift from infection to degenerative diseases must
be managed
4. performance of the health sector must be enhanced
- primary strategies:
1. assurance of health care
2. increased investment for primary health care
3. development of national standards and objectives for health
4. support to local health system development and frontline health
workers
Sample questions:
Situation: the department of health formulated plan, programs and
projects with the vision, “health for all Filpinos’
1. which of the following is the mission of the department of health?
a. promote healthy lifestyle
b. ensure accessibility and quality of health care
c. reduce morbidity and mortality
d. improve general health status of the people
2. which of the following is not a basic principle in the achievement of
improved health?
a. health and nutrition priorities
b. universal access to health service
c. enhancement of performance of health sector
d. investment for primary health care
3. which of the following is not a primary strategies to achieve health
goals?
a. support of local health system
b. development of national standards for health
c. assurance of health care for all
d. funding from non-government organization