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2 Synthesizing
Esters
Purpose
Refer to textbook Nelson: Chemistry 12U,
page 66-67, Investigation 1.6.2 Synthesizing
Esters
Materials/Apparatus
Refer to textbook Nelson: Chemistry 12U,
page 66-67, Investigation 1.6.2 Synthesizing
Esters
Additional 5 test tubes used
Procedure/Method
Refer to textbook Nelson: Chemistry 12U,
page 66-67, Investigation 1.6.2 Synthesizing
Esters
Students handled and poured acids, and
alcohols
Observations
Combining Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols through
Esterification Reaction
Test Tube
#
1
Carboxylic
Acid
Product (Ester)
Aroma
(Scent)
1-Ethanol:
H3C C OH
Ethyl Ethanoate:
Liquid glue
Iso-propyl
Ethanoate:
Nail polish
H 3C - C
O
Alcohol
Ethanoic
Ethanoic
Acid:
Iso-Propanol:
O
C
CH
CH3
Ethanoic
Acid:
1-Pentanol:
H3C CH2 CH2 CH2
CH2 OH
Pentyl Ethanoate:
Banana
Salicylate
Acid:
S-Butanol:
OH
|
H3C CH2 CH2 CH2
S-Butyl
Brandy
Butanoate
Acid:
1-Methanol:
H3C OH
Methyl
Butanoate:
Pineapple
Formic Acid:
1-Octonal:
H2C CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2
CH3
|
CH2 CH2 OH
Octyl Formate:
Grapefruit
Benzoic Acid
1-Methanol:
H3C OH
Methyl Benzoate
Vanilla
Benzoic Acid
1-Ethanol:
H3C CH2 OH
Ethyl Benzoate:
Mint
Discussion
a. Refer back to table: Combining Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols through
Esterification Reaction in Observations.
b. Refer back to table: Combining Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols through
Esterification Reaction in Observations.
c. The smaller esters are somewhat soluble in water but solubility
decreases with chain length. The reason for the solubility is that
although esters can't hydrogen bond with themselves, they can
hydrogen bond with water molecules.
d. Esterification itself is a slow process at room temperature and does not
undergo completion. The concentrated sulfuric acid is used as a
catalyst, so this allows for the substance to undergo a faster chemical
Conclusion