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ON
BUDGET ANALYSIS
AT
BSNL
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE FOR THE BACHELORS OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AFFILIATED FROM
HNB GARHWAL UNIVERSITY, SRINAGAR
Submitted by:
PRAGYA CHAURASIA
FINANCE
2013-2016
INTERNAL GUIDE
EXTERNAL GUIDE
MR. SHANKAR SHARMA
MR JAYANT MAHAJAN
LECTURER
BRANCH MANAGER
ITM
BSNL
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
DEHRADUN
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the very outset, I would like to acknowledge with immense gratitude the
support and guidance of some people without whom the project could not have
been completed. Also thanks to them, I learnt a lot more additional things than that
just restricted to my project.
First of all I would like to thank my project guide Mr. Shankar sharma
(BRANCH MANAGER ) for her support and patience with me despite her being
hard pressed for time.
I am thankful to BSNL for providing me with the wonderful opportunity and
allowing me to take this study.
Also I would like to thank the faculty guide of my college Mr. Jayant
mahajan..who guided me in my project.
Last but not the least I would like to thank my parents who have always
showed their full faith in me, and are the biggest source of my encouragement and
guidance.
PRAGYA CHAURASIA
CANDIDATE DECLARATION
at
of
BSNL
my
Dehradun
bachelors
for
of
the
Partial
business
administration.
Admittedly I have receive suggestion and
guidance from my guides.
Date ..
PRAGYA CHAURASIA
BBA V TH SEM.
(2013-16)
CONTENTS
Title
Training certificate
Acknowledgement
Preface
Candidates declaration
CHAPTER No.
DESCRIPTION
Chapter-1
1.1
Chapter-2
introduction to organization
2.1 An introduction
2.2 vision
2.3 mission
Chapter-3
Chapter-4
Topic undertaken
3.1 budget analysis
part-1
Research Methodology
3.1 Research Problem
3.2 Research Objective
3.3 sources of data collection
Part-2
Data Analysis & Findings
Chapter-5
ii
iii
iv
v
PREFACE
The project report on BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED (DEHRADUN) has
been prepared as per the syllabus prescribed by the INSTITUE OT
TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT DEHRADUN for BBA students.
Understanding of both practical and theoretical knowledge is essential in this
competitive world. Training is an important aspect of study. The basic aim of
training in management field is to know how to apply management theory in
practice. Practice makes man perfect, therefore practical studies is very
important for management students.
Practical training helps in comprehending theory of subjects taught in class
room. This is more applicable case of management education. My training at
BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED (DEHRADUN) has such effect to complete
the knowledge acquiring the subject of financial Strength analysis. Thus, it is
our moral and obligated duty to take this part of our studies with great
enthusiasm and seriousness and gives them due important.
Last but not least, I received all required information and co-operation from
the organizational various departments. I hope that this report will meet the
education department.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter No.
Content
Page No.
Chapter 01
08
Chapter 02
12
Chapter -03
21
Chapter 04
Research methodology
36
Part-1
37
38
:- objective of study
38
:- limitation of study
39
Chapter 04
40
Part-2
41
45
49
:- findings
62
Chapter 5
63
:- bibliography
66
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Industry
(telecommunication industry)
companies were nationalized to form the Posts, Telephone and Telegraph (PTT),
a monopoly run by the government's Ministry of Communications.
In 1986, two wholly government-owned companies were created:
The Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) for international telecommunications
and Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) for service in metropolitan
areas.
In 1990s, telecommunications sector benefited from the general opening up of the
economy. Also, examples of telecom revolution in many other countries, which
resulted in better quality of service and lower tariffs, led Indian policy makers to
initiate a change process finally resulting in opening up of telecom services sector
for the private sector. National Telecom Policy (NTP) 1994 was the first attempt
to give a comprehensive roadmap for the Indian telecommunications sector. In
1997, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) was created. TRAI was
formed to act as a regulator to facilitate the growth of the telecom sector.
Telecommunication sector in India can be divided into two
segments:1. Fixed Service Provider (FSPs),
2. Cellular Services.
distance and international long distance services. The state operators (BSNL and
MTNL), account for almost 90 per cent of revenues from basic services. Private
sector services are presently available in selective urban areas, and collectively
account for less than 5 per cent of subscriptions. However, private services focus
10
on the business/corporate sector, and offer reliable high- end services, such as
leased lines, ISDN, closed user group and videoconferencing.
Cellular services can be further divided into two categories: Global System for
Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA).
The GSM sector is dominated by Airtel, Vodafone-Hutch, and Idea Cellular, while
the CDMA sector is dominated by Reliance and Tata Indicom. Opening up of
international and domestic long distance telephony services are the major growth
drivers for cellular industry. Cellular operators get substantial revenue from these
services, and compensate them for reduction in tariffs on airtime, which along with
rental was the main source of revenue. The reduction in tariffs for airtime, national
long distance, international long distance, and handset prices has driven demand.
Airtel
Vodafone
Reliance
Bsnl
Idea
Tata Indicom
Aircel
Chapter 2
11
12
Bharat
Sanchar
Nigam
C o mmu n i ca t i on s Corporation
Limited
( known
as
BSNL,
India
throughout
India
except for the metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi which are
managed by MT NL.
The company offers vide ranging & most transparent tariff schemes designed to
suite every customer. BSNL cellular service, Cell One, has more than 17.8 million
cellular customers, garnering 24 percent of all mobile users as its subscribers. That
5means that almost every fourth mobile user in the country has a BSNL
connection. In basic services, BSNL is miles ahead of its rivals, with 35.1 million
13
Basic Phone subscribers i.e. 85 per cent share of the subscriber base and 92
percent share in revenue terms.
BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL subscribers and 2.5 million Internet
Customers who access Internet through various modes viz. Dial-up, Leased Line,
DIAS, and Account Less Internet (CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as the
NUMBER ONE ISP in the country.
BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi-protocol convergent IP
infrastructure that provides convergent services like voice, data and video through
the same Backbone and Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6
million Data One broadband customers.
The company has vast experience in Planning, Installation, network integration and
Maintenance of Switching & Transmission Networks and also has a world class
9000 Telecom Training Institute.
Scaling new heights of success, the present turnover of BSNL is more than
Rs.351,820 million (US $ 8 billion) with net profit to the tune of Rs.99,390 million
(US $ 2.26 billion) for last financial year. The infrastructure asset on telephone
alone is worth about Rs.630, 000 million (US $ 14.37 billion).
The turnover, nationwide coverage, reach, comprehensive range of telecom
services and the desire to excel has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom Company of
India.
14
BSNL
Type
State-owned
Industry
Telecommunications
Founded
Headquarters
Key people
ANUPAM SHRIVASTAVA
(Chairman) & (MD)
Products &
Wireless
services
Telephone
Internet
Television
Revenue
271.29 billion(2013)
Owner(s)
Government of India
Employees
216925 as on 30.9.2015
Website
www.bsnl.in
15
VISION
BSNL's Vision is to become the largest Telecom Service Provider in Asia. Its
Mission is to provide world class, state-of-art technology telecom services to
its customers on demand at competitive prices and world class telecom
infrastructure in its area of operation and contribute to the growth of India's
economy.
Become a total solution provider company and to provide world class
telecom services at affordable prices.
Become a global telecom company and to find a place in the Fortune 500
companies.
To become the largest telecom Service Provider in Asia
To remain market leader in providing world class Telecom and IT related
services at affordable prices and to become a global player.
MISSION
To provide world class State-of-art technology telecom services to its
customers on demand at competitive prices.
To provide world class telecom infrastructure in its area of operation and to
contribute to the growth of the country's economy.
Enter into and expand new services viz. Long distance, Cellular mobile, WCDMA, Internet / Broadband and IN services and development of
telecom software. Become the largest provider of private networks and
leased lines.
16
Venture into other areas in India and abroad on the strength of our core
competency.
OBJECTIVES
BSNL's Objectives are to be Lead Telecom Services Provider, provide quality
and reliable fixed telecom service to our customer and increase customer's
confidence, provide mobile telephone service of high quality and become the
No. 1 GSM operator in its area of operation, provide point of interconnection
to other service provider as per their requirement promptly and facilitate
Research & Development activity in the country. BSNL also has the objective
to contribute towards National Plan Target of 500 million subscriber base for
India.
To be the Lead Telecom Services Provider.
To provide quality and reliable fixed telecom service to our customer and
thereby increase customer's confidence.
17
19
The high bandwidth of Nokia Siemens Networks' will allow BSNL to deliver high
data and triple-play intensive services such as Video on Demand, Video Multicast,
IPTV, Video Conferencing, and VPN to its many customers.
As part of the contract, Nokia Siemens Networks will deploy its Gigabit Ethernetcapable IP DSLAMs Surpass hiX5625 (Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexers) and chassis-based access switch (Surpass hiD6615). The company
will also supply end-user devices to enable BSNL provide speeds of up to 24Mbps
for ADSL2+ subscribers over its existing Copper infrastructure. Nokia Siemens
Networks
provides
comprehensive
portfolio
of
wireline
and wireless Broadband solutions including xDSL, GE, and GPON (Passive
Optical Networks), Carrier Ethernet, HSDPA, and WiMax.
20
21
Chapter 3
Topic BUDGET ANALYSIS
22
3.1
INTRODUCTION
Concept of Budgeting
Overview
Brief description
It is a whole process of designing, implementing and operating budget. It Will help
us with an overall organizational budget as well as with a budget for a specific
Project. It includes tools for estimating costs as well as tips for ensuring that our
budgets meet the needs of our project or organization.
Advantages of Budgeting:1.
2.
3.
It forces management to plan ahead so that long term goals are achieved
4.
5.
6.
7.
Problem in Budgeting:1.
2.
3.
24
Meaning of Budget : Budget (from old French baguette, purse) is generally a list of all planned
expenses and revenues. It is a plan for saving and spending.
Budget is an integral part of running any business efficiently and effectively. It serves as
a plan of action for managers as well as a point of comparison at the period's end.
A budget is a document that translates plans into money - money that will need
to be spent to get your planned activities done (expenditure) and money that will
need to be generated to cover the costs of getting the work done (income).
It is an estimate, or informed guess, about, what you will need in monetary terms to
do your work.
DEFINITION OF BUDGET
25
27
28
Objective Determination Stage:The first stage is setting the Objectives which are defined as the broad and longrange desired state or position in the future. They are motivational or directional in
nature and are expressed in Qualitative terms.
Goal Determination Stage:The second stage is specifying the goals.
The term goal represents targets, specific in quantitative terms to be achieved in a
specific period of time. The timing of introducing new Products, purchase of new
plant and machinery and expected rate of return are examples of time and quantity
oriented goals.
Strategy Formulation Stage:The next step involves laying down the strategies. Strategies denote specific
methods or courses of action to achieve the goals, for instance, promotion of sales
through price reduction or aggressive advertisement and so on.
Budget preparation stage:The last stage in which Budgets are actually prepared.
29
Budgeting Techniques:A large part of budgeting involves personal finance planning. All three of the
following activities are important when creating a budget that you can live
comfortably with, as well as one that helps you prepare for the long term.
1. Zero based budgeting
2. Incremental budgeting
3. Zero sum budgeting
Zero based budgeting - By contrast, in zero-based budgeting, each item in the
budget must be justified starting from the zero-base. The zero based approach is
indifferent to whether the total budget is increasing or decreasing. The advantage
of this approach is that it promotes a more efficient allocation of resources,
requires manager to find more cost effective ways to improve operations and helps
detect inflated budgets. Since everything has to be justified this approach will
obviously be more time consuming.
Incremental Budgeting -This approach uses a budget prepared using a previous
periods budget or actual performance as a base, with incremental amounts added
for the new budget period. The advantage of this approach is that it is simple and
creates a more stable and consistent environment for managers. However, this
approach encourages spending up to the budget so that the budget is maintained for
the subsequent year, doesnt respond to changing circumstances and perpetuates
misallocations of resources.
Zero sum budgeting This approach is used in personal finance to describe the
practice of allocating or budgeting every dollar of income received. With this
approach, if the budget for one item is increased then some other part of the budget
must be adjusted downward so that the total budget remains unchanged.
Monitoring the Budget:A flexible budget modifies the budget to the actual level of performance.
Obviously, if the original budget is prepared for say, one thousand units of a
product, but two thousand units are produced, comparing the original budget to the
30
actual volume of output does not provide meaningful information. Accordingly, the
budgeted costs per unit for all variable costs can be used and multiplied by the
actual volume of output to arrive at the flexible change proportionately to the level
of output for the former and to the level of sales for the latter cost. Fixed costs,
such as rent, however, do not normally change with the level of production or
sales. These budgeted costs, therefore, are not adjusted and left intact even though
the volume of sales and output may be different from the originally budgeted
levels.
Ultimately, a good budget is one which not only uses good budgeting techniques
but is also based on a sound knowledge of the business as well as the external
factors that affect it. The budget serves as a planning tool for the organization as a
whole as well as its subunits. It provides a frame of reference against which actual
performance can be compared. It provides a means to determine and investigate
variances. It also assists the company in planning again based on the feedback
received considering the changing conditions. An attainable, fair, and participatory
budget is also a good tool for communication, employee involvement, and
motivation.
31
Salary of employee
Medical allowances
Wages
Food allowances
Incentives etc
OFFICE AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES:Administrative expenses related to the day-to-day operations of a business.
These expenses pertain to operating expenses rather than to expenses that
can be directly related to the production of any goods or services. The
expenses that an organization incurs not directly tied to a specific function
such as manufacturing/production or sales. These expenses are related to
32
Insurance
Bank charges
General expenses
Membership fee
Advertisement expenses
Commission
e. Office expenses
f. Pol
34
disbursing officers. Among the principles on which emphasis is generally laid are
the following:
1. Every officer is expected to exercise the same vigilance in respect of
expenditure incurred from public moneys as a person of ordinary prudence
would exercise in respect of expenditure of his own money.
2. The expenditure should be prima-facie more that the occasion demands.
3. No authority should exercise its powers of sanctioning expenditure to pass
an order which be directly or indirectly to its own advantages.
4. Expenditure from public moneys should not be incurred for benefit of a
person or section of the people unless
4.1 A claim for the amounts could be enforce in a court of law, or
4.2 The expenditure is in pursuance of a recognized policy or custom.
5. The amount of allowances granted to meet expenditure of a particular type
should be so regulated that the allowances are not on the whole a source of profit
to the recipients.
6. The responsibility and accountability of every authority delegated with
financial powers to procure any item or service on Government account is total
and indivisible. Government expects that the authority a concerned will have
the public interest uppermost in its mind while making a procurement decision.
The responsibility is not discharged merely by the selection of the cheapest offer.
7. Whenever called for, the concerned authority must place on record in
precise terms, the considerations which weighed with it while talking the
procurement decision.
36
SWOT Analysis :-
STRENGTHS
WEAKNESSES
Pan-India reach
Experienced telecom service provider
Total telecom service provider
Huge Resources (financial & technical
pool)
Huge customer base
Most trusted telecom brand
Transparency in billing
Easy deployment of new services
OPPORTUNITIES
Non-optimization
of
network
capabilities
Poor marketing strategy
Bureaucratic organizational set up
Inflexibility in mindset (DOT period
legacies)
Limited number of value added services
Poor franchisee network
Legacy of poor service image
Huge and aged manpower
Procedural delays
Lack of strategic alliances
THREATS
Manpower churning
37
Chapter 4
Part-1
Research Methodology
38
RESEARCH MATHODOLOGY
the
Methodology
Every project work is based on certain methodology, which is a way to
systematically solve the problem or attain its objectives. It is a very important
guideline and lead to completion of any project work through observation, data
collection and data analysis.
Research Methodology comprises of defining & redefining problems,
collecting, organizing & evaluating data, making deductions &
researching to conclusions,
39
Objective of Study:
The main objective of this study is to carry on brief study on Analysis of
Budget of financial year 2013-14 of BSNL
through
Limitations of Study
Financial analysis is a powerful mechanism of determining financial strengths
and weaknesses of a firm but, the analysis is based on the information
available in the financial statements. We have also careful about the impact
of price level chances, windows-dressing of financial statements, changes
in accounting policies of BSNL, accounting concepts and conventions, and
personal judgments etc. Due to the following unavoidable and uncontrollable
factor the result might not be accurate. Some of the problems faced while
conducting the survey are as follows:Chances of some biasness could not be eliminated.
A majority of respondents show lack of cooperation and are biased
towards their own opinions.
Some of the important Limitations of financial analysis are however,
summed up as below:
It is only a study of interim reports.
Budget analysis is based upon only monetary information
and non-monetary factors are ignored.
Changes in accounting procedure by a firm may often
make budget analysis misleading.
has to make
41
Chapter 4
Part-2
Data Analysis and Findings
42
43
44
45
46
(amount in thousands)
budgeted amt actual amt
1.
Salary
226452
226452
2.
14352
14352
3.
Wages
4.
Overtime allowance
5.
385
385
6.
18020
18020
7.
Uniform
1200
1200
8.
118
118
9.
Food allowance
10.
Pension contribution
29000
29000
11.
211
211
12.
2163
2163
13
185
185
14.
373
373
15
Gratuity
16
Honorarium
47
Total (a)
292459
292459
Rent of building
2500
2500
15.
10
10
16.
Water charges
537
537
17
Electricity charges
33458
33458
18
Fuel charges
6624
6624
19
Computer stationary
834
834
20.
Insurance
126
126
21.
6033
6033
22.
49007
49007
23.
Travel expenses
1171
1171
24.
Conveyance charges
250
250
25.
Printing
529
529
26.
Stationary
750
750
27.
Postal expenses
1721
1721
28.
Bank charges
95
95
29.
18
18
30.
Horticulture expenses
1064
1064
31.
3500
3500
32.
General expenses
5309
5309
33.
Professional charges
188
188
48
34.
Meetings
95
95
35.
Lease charges
36.
500
500
37.
Advertisement
417
417
38.
Waiting charges
39.
Commission
40
Membership fee
41
Expenditure on services
378
378
Total
115695
115695
Grand Total
408154
408154
581
0
518
Budgeted and Actual Working expenditure for the FY and 2013-14:A. expenditure on payment &
amount in thousand
Provision for employee remuneration budgeted amt
actual amt
1.
Salary
277711
268482
2.
Medical allowances
7100
11973
3.
Wages
4.
Overtime allowance
49
5.
59
127
6.
14074
11683
7.
Uniform
198
8.
32
9.
Food allowance
10.
Pension contribution
22087
19329
11.
181
130
12.
2554
13
419
263
14.
Honorarium
15.
Incentive/bonus
177
Total (a)
323537
314721
Rent of building
3900
4294
17.
341
689
18.
Water charges
548
1306
19
Electricity charges
60820
27050
20
Fuel charges
11137
4716
21
Computer stationary
851
1267
22.
Insurance
59
69
23.
6904
6747
24.
52454
37504
50
25.
Travel expenses
528
1235
26.
Conveyance charges
34
28
27.
Printing
383
676
28.
Stationary
704
414
29.
Postal expenses
1646
2066
30.
Bank charges
87
105
31.
29
29
32.
Horticulture expenses
33.
5124
6048
34.
General expenses
9227
14393
35.
Professional charges
169
281
36.
Meetings
220
133
37.
Lease charges
38.
434
39.
Advertisement
784
414
40.
Waiting charges
41
Expenditure on services
702
42.
Commission
46
1604
Total(b)
157197
111505
Grand Total
480730
426226
51
Budgeted
226452
277711
Actual
226452
268482
52
Differences
0
9229
INTERPRATATION
In the financial year 2012-13,the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more
than actual amount. So the amount of profit is 9229. Budgeted amount is excess
over actual.
Here we can see that the company is gaining profit in 2013-14 as compare to last
year where the company could not gain any profit.
Budgeted
118
32
Actual
118
0
INTERPRETATION
53
Differences
0
32
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to actual. So there is no
profit and no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more than actual
amount. So that the profit amount is 32. Here also company is gaining profit in
2013-14 as compare to the year 2012-13.
PENTION
Year
2012-13
2013-14
Budgeted
29000
22087
Actual
29000
19329
Differences
0
2758
INTERPRETATION
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more
than actual amount. So that the profit amount is 2758.
Here also company is gaining profit in 2013-14 as compare to the year 2012-13.
54
Budgeted
385
59
Actual
385
127
Differences
0
68
INTERPRETATION
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more
than actual amount. So that the profit amount is 68.
Here also company is gaining profit in 2013-14 as compare to the year 2012-13.
55
MEDICAL ALLOWANCES
Year
2012-13
2013-14
Budgeted
14352
7110
Actual
14352
11973
Differences
0
4863
INTERPRETATION
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more
than actual amount. So that the profit amount is 4863.
Here also company is gaining profit in 2013-14 as compare to the year 2012-13.
56
BUDGET
10
314
ACTUAL
10
689
INTERPRETATION
57
DIFFERENCE
0
(375)
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is less
than the actual amount. So the loss amount is (375).
Here we can see that company is suffering from loss in 2013-14 as compare to
previous year.
BUDGET
49007
52454
ACTUAL
49007
37504
DIFFERENCE
0
14950
INTERPRETATION
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more
than actual amount. So that the profit amount is 14950.
58
Here also company is gaining profit in 2013-14 as compare to the year 2012-13.
GENERAL EXPENSES
YEAR
2012-13
2013-14
BUDGET
5309
9227
ACTUAL
5309
14393
DIFFERENCE
0
(5166)
INTERPRETATION
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is less
than the actual amount. So the loss amount is (5166).
59
Here we can see that company is suffering from loss in 2013-14 as compare to
previous year.
ADVERTISEMENT
YEAR
2012-13
2013-14
BUDGET
417
784
ACTUAL
417
417
INTERPRETATION
60
DIFFERENCE
0
370
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is more
than actual amount. So that the profit amount is 370.
Here also company is gaining profit in 2013-14 as compare to the year 2012-13.
COMMISION
YEAR
2012-13
2013-14
BUDGET
581
46
ACTUAL
581
1604
INTERPREATATION
61
DIFFERENCE
0
(1558)
In the financial year 2012-13 the budgeted amount is equal to the actual amount.
So there is no profit & no loss. In the case of 2013-14 the budgeted amount is less
than the actual amount. So the loss amount is (1558).
Here we can see that company is suffering from loss in 2013-14 as compare to
previous year.
62
63
17.Professional charges
18.Waiting charges
19.Commission
Budgeted amount is equal to actual amount
1. Books & periodicals
65
This chart shows the 3 categories. It shows that the category of budgeted amount
is less than actual amount has 19 items.. which is higher than the category of
budgeted amount is more than actual amount which is not profitable for the
company.
66
Findings
In BSNL they prepare only cash budget not any other type of budget.
In the month of september the headquater sends the budget demand
letter to the circles.
In september the circle sends their budget estimation statement to the
headquater which include estimation of funds of various catagories which
will be required for next upcoming year.
BSNL incurred money in 2 types of expenses
1-Expenditure on employee remuneration
2-Office or Administrative expenses
Through comparitive analysis of two years we find that in the year of 201213 the budget estimations is correct but in the year of 2013-14 various
wrong estimation is done by the employees of the BSNL.
At last we find that in the year of 2012-13 there are no profit and no loss for
the compny but in the year 2013-14 the company is not in the profitable
condition.
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Chapter 5
Conclusion and Suggestions
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Conclusion:After overhauling the Four years balance sheet of BSNL and all condition, I
have to reach this conclusion that;
Working process of BSNL is take very long time because of
which, BSNL is not being able to progress. So improved the working
process.
BSNL is facing the capital problem because of which financial position
of BSNL are affected BSNL is paying more taxes. Because of paying more
taxes, financial position of BSNL are affected.
There are very cut tough competitions among the private telecom
companies on the level of new trend of advertising to silence a major part of
Customers.
The entry of more Pvt. players in the telecom Sector have expanded the
product segment to meet the different level of the requirement like
3G,Broadband, phone line, cable connection in on wire line to provide of the
customers. It has brought about greater choice to the customers.
Suggestion
The study has provided with the useful data from the respondents. There has
a lot to be recommended. Following are the recommendations:
o There is a need for better promotion for the investment & services.
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70
Bibliography
Bibliography
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BOOKS
Management Accounting Shashi K. Gupta & R.K. Sharma
Financial Management M.R.Agrawal
NEWSPAPERS
Economic Times.
Business times
Business Standard
WEBSTIES
www.bsnl.co.in
www.google.com
www.mpbsnl.com
Wikipedia
Skype
Business world
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