Beginnings of the Civil

Right Movement

By:Tealyn Allen,
Marissa Weems, Keon
Puentespina, and Gio
Hidalgo

Essential Question
How did the civil rights movement change
the nation?
It made segregation illegal, but it was still unequal for African Americans.
There was separation in schools, hospitals, theaters, and public transportation.
People went to court to be equal and even mentioned the 14th amendment
everyone born in US is a US citizen. They almost made lynching illegal or a
federal crime and made people protest. Now African Americans can vote and fight
side by side with the white people.

Section Objectives
Learn how the campaign for civil rights picked up pace after WW2.
Jackie Robinson proved worthy for African Americans to integrate.
Discover how the supreme court outlawed segregation in the nation's school.
They said the it made the color interior so they integrated the schools slowly.
Find out why Black Americans boycotted the busses in Montgomery, Alabama.
Rosa parks went to jail for refusing to sit in the back so then people
started to boycott, but when Martin L King made his speech They went
full on.

KEY TERMS

Thurgood Marshall
Definition : Thurgood Marshall was a civil
rights activist. In 1938, he became head of the
NAACPs legal section.
Significance : he used his knowledge of the
Constitution to attack the foundations of
segregation.

Boycott
Definition : to refuse to use or
do something.
Significance : sparked the
American Civil Rights
movement.

Integration
Definition : the end of racial segregation. The action or process of integrating.
Integrate- bring (people or groups with particular characteristics or needs)into equal
participation in or membership of a social group or institution.
Significance : It help end racial segregation .

Jackie Robinson
Definition : African American army
veteran.
Significance : He broke the color
line.The first African American to play in
the major league baseball.

Martin Luther King

Jr.
Definition:a young preacher and an
African American Activist
Significance: was the most important
voice of the American Civil Rights
movement, which worked for equal
rights for all

Rosa Parks
Definition: an African American
seamstress, boarded a bus in Montgomery,
Alabama
Significance: She stood up for her rights
and other African Americans.

Important dates
1947
Jackie Robinson broke the color
line by becoming the first African
American to play in major league
baseball.

1938
Thurgood Marshall was a
lawyer who used the
constitution to end
segregation.

1951
Oliver Brown sued the
Topeka kansas education
board. For segregated
schools being
unconstitutional.

1957
Orval Faubus stood
against the desegregation
of Little Rock Central High
School.

1955
Rosa parks refused to
give up her seat for a
white person.

Separate But
Unequal

In The North
There were no official segregation laws in the North. African
Americans could vote and legal access to jobs and colleges.
African Americans in the North faced prejudice in housing and
jobs. They rarely got high paying jobs. White homeowners
refused to sell homes to African Americans.

In The
South

In the early 1900s, segregation was in place in all southern

states. They were called Jim Crow laws and they enforced
separation of races in schools, hospitals, theaters, restaurants,
and public transportation. The court ruled that segregation
was legal as long as facilities separated the whites from
colored. The court ruled that segregation was legal as separate
but equal establishments were provided.

The NAACP leads the

Fight
Du Bois and Jane Addams founded the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored
people(NAACP).Their goal was to stop race prejudice
and to secure complete equality before the law. They
challenged laws that prevented colored people from
using their full rights as a citizen. They won their first
case in 1915 , when the supreme court ruled
grandfather clauses unconstitutional. Grandfather
clauses was used to ensure that only whites voted.

Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall became head of the NAACPs legal
section in 1938. He used his knowledge of the
Constitution to attack causes of segregation. His legal
strategy was based on the fourteenth Amendment which
explains to all citizens equal protection of the laws.
Marshalls goal was integration.

Barriers Begin to
Crumble

Integrating Baseball
Sports were also segregated. A general manager of the
Brooklyn Dodgers named Branch Rickey wanted to break the
color line. He wanted to scout the vast pool of talent in the
Negro league. Rickey signed Jackie Robinson, an African
American army veteran. Many of his teammates ignored him
while others welcomed him. He inspired other African
American athletes to compete in professional sports.

Integrating The Military

President Harry Truman proposed laws to make lynching a
federal crime. He wanted to protect the rights of African
American voters and bam discrimination. None of the laws
were passed. In 1948 he ordered the integration of all the
armed forces. As a result, African American and white soldiers
fought together in the Korean War.

Desegregating
the Schools

Brown V. Board of Education

Oliver Brown sued the board of
education in 1951. His daughter had to
travel miles to go to school. Brown
wanted her to attend a closer school
but it was for whites only. This case
reached the Supreme Court. Thurgood
Marshall even represented Brown. The
court ordered local school boards to
desegregate schools.

Trouble in Little Rock

Little Rock Central High School was one of the desegregated
schools. Nine colored children were planned to join the
school. But, the governor Orval Faubus refused to mix races.
On september 4, 1957 he called the states National Guard to
keep the 9 kids out of the high school. One of the nine kids
faced the mob alone getting called names and spat on.

The Montgomery Bus

Rosa Parks
Rosa parks boarded a bus in montgomery, Alabama but was
soon ordered by the bus driver to give up her seat to a white
rider. She refused and was arrested. Colored people made up
70 percent of the citys bus riders. On monday morning,
December 5th there wasn't a single colored person on the
citys buses.

The Boycott Grows

The protest lasted a year. 7,000 people met at a local baptist
church. Martin Luther King urged the colored community to
continue to boycott until the bus segregation laws were taken
off books. Kings home was bombed also King and several
others were jailed on false charges. Africans traveled by bike
and/or walked to avoid riding the bus. On November 1956, the
Supreme Court ruled that segregation on buses was
unconstitutional.

Important dates
De
ce
mb
er
1,
19
55

De
ce
mb
er
5,
19
55

J
a
n
u
a
r
y
3
0
,
1
9
5
6

M
a
r
c
h
1
4
,
1
9
5
6

J
u
n
e
2
2
,
1
9
5
6

S
ep
te
m
be
r
30
,
19
56

D
ec
e
m
be
r
13
,
19
56

D
ec
e
m
be
r
21
,
19
56

Ro
sa
Pa
rks

Le
d
by
Ma

K
i
n
g

D
a
y
1

D
a
y
2

C
ay
30
0

U.
S
S
up

Bo
yc
ott
en

Aint Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me

This
song was performed by the Roots but was made during the civil rights
Round

movement. This civil rights song was made by African Americans in protest for equal
rights. This song was meant for African American protesters to sing together. This
song meant that they won't let anyone or anything stop them from wanting civil
rights. In other words, they won't give up protesting for their rights.
Song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPuBGcng6Tw
Lyrics:
http://www.amistadresource.org/documents/document_08_07_020_nobodyaroundl
yrics.pdf

QUIZ/ CHECKPOINT QUESTIONS

Checkpoint: Describe the Accomplishment of NAACP.
Checkpoint: What actions did Truman take to further civil rights.
Checkpoint: How did the supreme court rule in Brown v Board of education.
Checkpoint: How did boycotting end in Montgomery.

Answers
Checkpoint: They won housing, employment, and, education.
Checkpoint: They integrated the army
Checkpoint: They integrate schools slowly
Checkpoint: They walked and went on bike. Then they stopped
after busses allowed segregation .