The

Progressive
Era

ISN Warm-up for 10-8-14

Should the federal government

prohibit products that might be
harmful to American citizens?
Why (not)?

Can you name these four people?

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Dean_Franklin_-_06.04.03_Mount_Rushmore_Monument_(by-sa)-3_new.jpg

The Progressive
Era
1900-1917
The Americans, Chapter 9

The Roots of
Progressivism

Throughout the 1800s there were organized

efforts to reform specific problems in society
The abolitionist movement worked to end slavery.
Temperance activists sought to ban alcohol
The suffrage movement championed womens

right to vote.
Individuals worked to improve conditions in our
prisons and mental health facilities.
Volunteers established settlement houses in
cities to provide services to poor immigrants.

During the Gilded Age in the late 1800s,

muckraking journalists called attention to
corruption in government, poor working
conditions, and poverty in our cities.
By the turn of the century, the growing
middle class had come to believe that the
government could play an active role in
improving our society.
Under the umbrella of the Progressive
Movement, they pursued a variety of
reforms.

The Progressive Umbrella

Economic
Reform

Anti-Trust
Legislation

Ending
Expansion of
Moral
Protecting
Corruption
Democracy
Issues
Workers
in State

and Local
Womens Temperance
Child
Governments
Suffrage

Labor Laws

Prohibition
Direct Election
of Senators

The Social Gospel Movement

American Christian
movement that
sought reform for
religious beliefs.
Against poverty,
alcoholism, crime,
slums, bad hygiene,
child labor, and war.

The Issue of Trusts

Theodore Roosevelt,
the first President of
the Progressive Era,
liked to be known
as a trust-buster.
The Sherman AntiTrust Act of 1890 was
later reinforced by the
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
of 1914, which
outlawed specific
types of trusts.

President Theodore Roosevelt

War Hero
As President:
Mediated Labor Stoppages
Broke up trusts
Built up US diplomatic

influence (Great White Fleet)

Supported Many Reforms
(Pure Food and Drug Act)

Roosevelt cont
Meat Inspection Act
Upton Sinclair The Jungle
Pure Food & Drug Act
Aggressive Foreign Policy
Conservation

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthpicturegalleries/9519906/Cocaine-tooth-drops.html

The 16 and 17
Amendments
th

th

The Sixteenth Amendment

made it legal for the
national government to
collect income taxes.
The Seventeenth Amendment changed
the way our U.S. Senators are chosen.
They are now directly elected by the
citizens of their states, not by their state
legislatures, as they had been before.
(See underlined memory hints above.)

Prohibition banning the sale

or possession of alcohol

http://indieopera.com/

http://cush6urban.wikispaces.com/Temperance

Frances Willard

American educator, temperance reformer,

and women's suffragist.

Pushed for worker rights, better sanitation, anti-

rape laws, and protections against child abuse.

Helped pass the 18th and 19th Amendments to

the U.S. Constitution.

Frances Willard

National president of Woman's Christian

Temperance Union (WCTU) for 19 years

She encouraged lobbying, petitioning,

preaching, publication, and education.

The Temperance
Movement
Throughout the late 1800s and
Throughout the late 1800s and
early 1900s, reformers worked
to ban the sale of alcohol
(pictured in the banner as a
snake). They believed that most
social problems were caused or
compounded by alcohol use.
The 18th Amendment was
passed in 1919 and the
Prohibition Era began.

http://cush6urban.wikispaces.com/Temperance

The Womens Suffrage

Issue
Susan B. Anthony was
one of many famous
suffragists who worked
throughout the second
half of the 19th Century
and the Progressive Era
to win women the right to
vote.
The 19th Amendment
finally gave women the
right to vote in national
elections in 1920.

http://www.makers.com/blog/tag/susan-b-anthony

Ida B. Wells
AfricanAmerican journalist
& newspaper editor
early leader in womens suffrage
and civil rights.
She documented unlawful
lynching in the South.
Founded many womens rights
organizations

The Issue of Child Labor

Child labor laws varied from state-to-state.
Some states continued to allow children as
young as 5 or 6 years old to work long days in
the factories. Many poor families chose to send
their kids to work instead of school.

At this time, the U.S.

Constitution was
interpreted to mean that
only state governments,
not the national
government, could pass
laws related to child labor.
Many progressive state
governments set minimum
age laws or mandatory
school attendance laws
during the Progressive Era.

What is Conservation?

Conservation

http://www.conservation.org/Pages/default.aspx

Theodore Roosevelt

Conservation Issues
The conservation movement
began during Progressive Era
1903- First national wildlife
refuge (in Florida)
1905- U.S. Forest Service
created
Altogether, Roosevelt set
aside 16 national monuments,
51 wildlife refuges and 5 new
national parks (including the
Grand Canyon, Mesa Verde,
and Yosemite National Park)

The Issue of Civil Rights

Despite the serious problems with racial
discrimination during this time period,
race relations and the rights of minorities
were not considered major issues by the
typical progressive reformer. This issue
was not under the Progressive umbrella.
However, a major accomplishment during
this period was the establishment of the
NAACP by W.E.B. DuBois and others.

The Progressive Era and

WWI
Americans went off to war in 1917 with a
progressive zeal, believing that they would
make the world safe for democracy and
that this might be the last war of all time.
Despite the Allied victory in 1918, the
brutality of the war and the harsh terms of
the Treaty of Versailles, damaged the
progressive spirit in America and turned
public attention away from reform.