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GRAMMAR FOCUS

Reported Speech
Direct Speech

Indirect Speech

Statement

Statement

Command/Prohibition

Command/Prohibition

Yes-No Question
WH (Informative) Question

Yes-No Question
WH (Informative) Question

She said, I am not dreaming."

She said that she was not dreaming.

She said, "I was not dreaming."

She said that she had not been dreaming.

She stated, "I quite agree."

She stated that she quite agreed.

"Put it in a safe place", He told the Pooh.

He told the Pooh to put it in a safe place.

"Don't eat it all!, I asked him.

I asked him not to eat it all.

I asked him, "Do you like honey?"

I asked him if/whether he liked honey.

1 asked him, "Did you like honey?"

I asked him if/whether he had liked honey.

He asked me, "What is your name?"

He asked me what my name was.

She asked me, "When will you buy a She asked me when 1 would by a new
new hat?"
hat.

There are some changes in tense, pronoun, adverbs of time and place for Indirect Question and Indirect
Statement. And there is no change of tense for indirect imperative. (See Table 1 and 2).
Table 1, Change of Tense
No.
Direct Speech
1
Simple Present Tense
2
Present Continuous Tense
3
Present Perfect Tense
4
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
5
Present Future Tense
6
Present Future Continuous Tense
7
Simple Past Tense
8
Past Continuous Tense
Table 2. The Change of Adverbs
No. Direct Speech
1
Now
2
Today
3
Yesterday
4
Tomorrow
5
Next...
6
... ago
7
Last...
8
This week
9
Here
10 This/That (Adjective)
Example: This book/that book

Indirect Speech
Simple Past Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Future Tense
Past Future Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Indirect Speech
Then
That day
The day before
The next day/the following day
Following
... before/the previous ...
The previous
That week
There
The
The book

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