CHAPTER | fica en ced oer fecal pas (ere ee oes eeeie ate (eof (cm) m PROBLEM 1.1 1.1 Two solid cylindrical rods AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded as shown, Knowing thatd, = 30 mm and c= $0 mm, find the average normal stress in the mid section of (@) rod AB, (4) rod BC dy : at ms faa SOLUTION (a) rod AB Force! P= 60x/07 N tension Aveal As Bal = E(soxe*)’ = 706.36 110% mt 6ox10% 706.8 10 Gg 2 84.9 MPa =e = B4.88%/0° Pa Norma? stress: pa = £ : (bY tod BC Force: P = Goxso* -(2)(i2sxio") = - 190xX/0" N Areas As Ede = B(sono)* = 1.9¢35x10* m . Normal stress: Gg, = = —l8O¥lO = _ G6.77x10% Pa A 1, 4603S fo Gg. - 96.8 MPa (1h S25 Y = 0.16667 int a * 0.408 in «< moPROBLEM 1.7 EM,=0 (a) @= 0° (b) 6 = 90° Areas 1.7 Link BD consists ofa single bar 30 mm wide and 12 mm thick Knowing that ‘each pin has a 10-mm diameter, determine the maximum value ofthe average normal s3ressin link BD if (a) @ ~0, (6) 6 =90 SOLUTION Use bar ABE 20 kn as tree body & 6 Feo (0.450 sin 30" KROxl0") ~ (0.300 cos 30) Fan = © Feo + 17.32 "107 N (0.480 cos 30°V(20x10") - (0.300 cus 80°) Fy = 0 Foe (0) tension fooling (b) compression Stresses @ & = &) f= > >F = - 30 »10°N A= (0,030~ 0.010)(0.012) = 240 »10% m A= (0,08e)(0.012) = 360 «/0°S 12.32 x/0* oie eiortHie 7a.ax1o* 72.2 MPa } e (0,010) Fag — (0.025 + 0.040) (20x18) = oO Fao Fee = Feo Aut Area fon one Dink o* mt Fer = fe 22.5 ¥)0" N Link BD js in tension EMg= 0 (0.040) Fog ~ (0,025)(20«/0) =O 1S IF Link CH is in eonpression Net area of one Sink For tension = (0,008)(0,036 - 0,016 ) = 160%/0° n*, For tuo parebled Binks — Anat 320 «(O° mm Tensile stress in dink BD 32s ~io® _ e 2 ESHOP = lolserlo” x 1016 HPa et in Com pression = (0,008 (0.036) For tus parattel Pinks A= S76 21S" wn? 212.5108 2 5 ir) a Bye vlo* * Zl.7o 410” or ~ 41.7 MPac PROBLEM 1.9 1.9 Two horizontal S-kip forces are applied to pin B of the assembly shown Knowing that a pin of 0.8-in. diameter is used at each connection, determine the ‘maximum value ofthe average normal stress (a) in link A, (Bn ink BC SOLUTION Use joint B as Tree body lo kips Fig / \ Fe 19 Kips Law f Sines Porce triangle aRaa ey eeeeelos sin tS ‘Sin GO Sin %? Fra = 7.3205 kips Foc = 8.9658 kips Link AB is a tension member Minimum section at pia Prd = U.8- 0.81005) = OS in* @ Stress in AG Gas = BE = BSsO¥ 2 1H et ksi « Link BC is a tomp! Pt ression member Cross Sectionas area is Az (1.8)(0-5) = 0.9 int (e) Stress in BC Ga fe BES 2 ~ 9.96 bes! =«eae eet (rood eee oa mo ao oa PROBLEM 1.10 1.10 The frame shown consists of four wooden members, ABC, DEF, BE, and CF. Knowing that each member has a2» 4-ia rectangular crass section and that each pin has a+ in. diameter, determine the maximum value ofthe average aormal stress (a) in member BE, (4) in member CF. SOLUTION Add support veactions te figure mh as shown, Using enbive Frame as free body ZM =O 40 0, - Uis+304ae) = © Dy= 900 db. =P =0 Ys 3D, - $20 DF Dy, = 1200 db. Ele =O eo b Re) ~ ors) D,=0 Foe = - 2250 46. TMp2 0 (20% Fee) “(SID FO Feet 780 4 hone Mf Stress in compression member BE Area Az Zinx tin = Bin® @) Gee = Be = 2982 -28ip, Stress in tension member CF Minimum section area occurs at pin, Baan = (240-0.5) = 7.0 in® som, 0) Se = oe = Bes ltl pss etieee 4 s PROBLEM 1.11 1.11. For the Pratt bridge truss end loading shown, determine the average normal stress in member BE, knowing that the cross-sectional area ofthat member is 8.87 in a SOLUTION AV Ke Use entive truss as Pree body 5 ul = ZMy= 0 * a (ago) #(180(80) + (27)(80) — 36 Ay = O Leon feon fon fon Ay = 120 kips sekips Ships Skips Use portion of trss to the Jeht Fa section Fer cutting, members BD, BE, and CE. Foe +t ZR = 0 A 120 ~- 80 - iB Fee =O + Feg= 50 kips Fee Soe = BE = Sop = 8.5K Hi = tno bips 80 kips 7 ei sonnet Stl eng, dnemie teresa et Sf tm member whch wil yl the mos economical and safe design Asse hat Doth ends ofthe mentr wil be adequtyrenoced pg SOLUTION ul Use entire truss as Free body ‘i uf DEM,20 Tela * (a\(20) + (12 (80) 4(27X20) - SAY © 0 . Senua eat ut Ay = 120 Kips okie slaps okie & Use portion of truss te the Det ofa section > 8 cutting members BD, BE, and CE Fee DEMg =o A 12 Fe - Gino) =O Few = 70 Kips For Gus *= oe Wovips 30 kips Ae Hee 4.29 in? a.(eee cet (eee ae ee (tam) (ro) ier eae 1 PROBLEM 1.13 1.13 A couple M of magnitude 1500 Nm applied tothe erank of an engine. For the position shown. determine (a) the force P required to hold the engine system in equlum, (2) the average norma stress in the connecting rod BC, which has a 450- min uniform cross section. SOLUTION Use piston, rod, and erank together as free vac Aad) wall peaction H and beaning veactions Ay and Ay. DZMy= 0 (0.280 m)H - S00 Nem = © He 5.357) «10° N P P Use piston alone as tree ay body. Note that rod is a two-force member; hence the direction 4 of Foree Fac is known. Drav the force Hriangle ara som for P end Fue by Fe/ tp proportions. lave Q= [200% + 607 = 208.81 mm Pl Z2 + = 3 inst teonit P= 17. 8alo* N H @) P17, 3c kN =e Fac 2h. = 18.63 mich MW Rod BC is & compression member. Ets avea it 4SOmm™= 450 x16" me 3 Shess O, = He = ea = 414 KIo® Pe (b) Se 44 MPa ateee elie we PROBLEM 1.14 1.14 Two hydraulic cylinders are used to control the position of the robotic erm ABC. ‘Knowing thatthe control rods attached at 4 and D each have a 20-mm diameter and happen to be parallel in the position shown, determine the average normal stress in (a) member AF, (b) member DG. SOLUTION Use member ABC . os Free body. Boo DIMgs0 (0.150) 4 Fre - (0. 600)(800) =O Fez FHI N Areas of vod in nenber AEs A= Fdt= Flaous*} = 314.16 «10% wn” 3 Stress in rod AET Sue? = gitiigs = 12.73 110° fe goon @ Spe = 12.73 MPa ~t Dse combined! members ABC and BFD as free body. DIMp= 0 (0. 1S0X-E Fre) — (0.2001( 4 Fog) - (hose - 0,250)(80; = O Foe = -1S00 N 5 Aven ie vod DG 1c A= Edt= Flzonc*)® = sige low" ' oe Stress in rod DEE Gig * TRE * Sipigeiee 7 ~ETTHION Pa ro) Spe = - TT MPoom tae]: fete: m (can PROBLEM 1.15 11S The wooden members 4 and B are tobe joined by plywood splice plates which will be fully glued on the surfaces in contact As part of the design ofthe joint and knowing thatthe clearance between the ends of the memibers isto be 8 mm, determine the smallest sllowable length L ifthe average shearing stress in the glue is not to exceed 800 kPa SOLUTION There ace Four separde aveas ot gle. Each area. must transmit half of tHe 2¢8N foud. Thenefrr F= ig kN = 12x 10°N Shearing stress in qlve t= B00 x10% Pa eee a Herc eg eMionc 3 ok CSR 8 RE Zoeot 7 SKI het 2= Jeng oF qe area and we width = 100 mm = Ol m 3 Az dws De Ae HHO 2 1s0 415% 2 150mm be 2+ gap = (@¥ISol* 8 = JOR mm i 1.16 Determine the diameter of the largest circular hole which can be punched into, 1 sheet of polystyrene 6-mm thick, knowing that the force exerted by the punch is 45, [kN and that a 55-MPa average shearing stress is required to cause the material to fail PROBLEM 1.15 SOLUTION A= Tat for cydindsieal Pasture sued os Shencing stress we £ 2 ASE Equation Art aat ed : : - ~ He x® = st, Sefring For dé d= TEE 7 Flo oneyesros = VB-4vlem d= 43.4 mm onPROBLEM 1.17 1.17 Two wooden planks, each % - in. thick and 6 in, wide, are joined by the glued mortise joint shown. Kaowing that te joint wil fail when the average shearing stress in the glue reaches 120 psi determine che smallest allowable length d of the cus ifthe joins to withstand an axial load of magnitude P = 1200 Ib SOLUTION Seven surfaces carry the tha? | Aout Pe 1200 fb, Area A= ()@)d= Hd d=te d= 1.683 in ~ PROBLEM 1.18 ciate) For afuminum ci | eR ain. He SOLUTION - a5 ; a For stee? A, = wrdt = T(o.8\o.4) t oa = 0.1540 int i FE Be Rs Pe At = (075K) eat 13.57 kips Limeting value of P is the smablervalye + P= 12.57 Kips PROBLEM 119 1.19 The axial force in the coluran supporting the timber beam shown is P= 75 kN. } Determine the smallest allowable length [of the bearing plate ifthe bearing stress in i e the timber is not co exceed 3.0 MPa | SOLUTION { eee Penta ndt Lew Ae A : dari x1" : Solving For Lt L* Ei = Goxo* Youve) | = 178.6 «10> m : L= 178.6 mm —< n 1.20 An axial load P is supported by a short W250 x.67 column of cross-sectional L PROBLEM 120 aa A ~ 8580 mt ad is tuted to a contee foundation by a square plac as | shown, Knowing that the average normal stress in the colurin must not exceed 150 ‘ Noadihainiebgiveroshocrarcs ominicnnannecres2aMre | | determine the side a of the plate which will provide the most economical and safe J soe qn soustios Avea F eodomn? A = 8580 mm = 8530 “10° m* Normal ‘stress in column? GO = ISO «10% Pa i 6: £ 4 Ps AG= (9sgoxd*)US0 110°) = 1.287% 10° N | Bearing plate = ork and A= O° for squave plate. | ‘ : ADs a = & = 1aarwio® = 321K m oe | Slim ae coa an a a) c PROBLEM 1.21 6 = £: Washer: inside cliameter = di = § im, outside diameter = do Bearing ave: Equating 1 41.21 Three wooden planks are fastened together by 2 series of bolts 10 form a ‘columa, The diameter of each bolt is ¥ in. and the inner diameter of each washer is % in, which is slightly larger than the diameter ofthe Boles in the planks. Determine the ‘smallest allowable outer diameter d ofthe washers, knowing that the average normal stress in the bolts is S ksi and that the bearing stress between the washers and the planks must not exceed 1.2 ksi souuion Bolt: Aye Bad = Tay = 0.19685 int Tensife Force in bolt P=6,A =(SM0.19638) = O.9817C hips a Awe BC de - as?) ond Aw = Ee Fae- di) = & te. og? SE. oy as 8 do ds + et FY + APY = 1.4323 in do = 1-197 in = PROBLEM 1.22 1.22 Link AB, of idth b= Zin and thickness = wb) 6 | used fo suppor the end $ 20k and (a) the ofshorizantal beam. Knowing that the average normal thatthe average shearing stress in each of the two pins diameter dof the pins, (5) the average bearing stress in the link the ink de SOLUTION Rod AB is in compression. Az bt where b= Qin and bz qin (-20X2AMF) F 10 Kips Pint t= Bond Ap= Fo A ca d=. ae - (Oe 1.030 in = & . 10 es ; = dE Tdesoy(oasy = 39.8 ker te{aa {uz} a oo eel c 1 fects ise: (==) PROBLEM 123 1.8 Each of the four vertical inks has an 8 « 36- mm uniform rectangular cross section and each of the four pins has a 16- mm diameter. 1.23 For the assembly and loading of Prob. 18, determine (a) the average shearing sutess inthe pin at B, (B) the average bearing stress at 8 in link BD, (c) the average bearing stress at B in member ABC, knowing that this member has a 10 x $O-mm ‘uniform reetangular cross section, sowTiox Use bar ABC as a free body EM, =O — (0,040), ~(0, 025+ O.040)(20 ¥108) = O Feo > 32.5% 10° N (0) Shear pin at B t= FR for double shear where Az Bate E(o.oe)' = 201.0610" mt 3 2 geet) = 80-8 x10 30.3MPa, | fe a Az td = (0SX08)= 0.4 in® { 6 = S688 = 22.4 O-4 — a ©) Bearing stress at B in member BC Lt Az2td =2(0.5)(0.8) = 0.8 in® rn! — 8.9658 - = | = S368 © ial Vai ks et1.27 Kooning that = 40° and P = 9 XN, determine (a) the smallest allowable ameter ofthe pin at B ifthe average shearing stress in he pin isnot to exceed 20 MPa, (b) the cortesponing average beating sess in member 4B at B, (2) the PROBLEM 127 ? corresponding average bearing stress in each of the support brackets at B. SOLUTION Geometry: Triangle ABC is A on isosedes triangle with angles shown heve. Use jot A os a tree bony. : Law of Sines applied to Force triangde Po. Fea, Fe 3in20° Sin |10° SinSO® Pe lio” Et F . Force Fiz 2-Sin toe triangle “6 © Sin 20™ = G)sialO ~ 24.73 KN sin 20° (2) Alfowable pin dian eter Fas Fae. Fhe. oe = She hece Fag = 24.73 1/03 W te 7 37 2 Fae aa wh Fae, 7g #403 gt= Bae 2 QM24.73x109) 2 gig x10 om "WE W(Ro Roe y é d= 11.45 x/0%m W495 mn lie) Bearing stress in AB ot A. Ag tals (0.016 )(4S io*) = 188,26 «/0™* m « Fa, _247800% ‘ aa so 6: Ges BOR 7 184-900 134.9 MPa, a ©) Bearing stress in support beackets at B Az td = (0.012 UMS ¥10t) = 197.4 ¥10 Sm m0!) 2 go,.0xl06 90.0 MPa = 2==: PROBLEM 1.28 1.28 Determine the largest load P which may be applied at A when @'= 60. knowing that the average shearing stress inthe 10-em-diameter pin at & must not exceed 120 P MPaand thar Be average bearng sessin member 42andinthebracket at B ust 01 exceed 90 MPa SOLUTION i: Geometry! Trane ABC is an isosetes triangde with angles shown here e oa 5 8 1S° Use joint A v ce a ea how of sines applied 40 r Pp Fore twanade a Fee ecg ee | Fre Force sino ba triangle FR Pp: he p. Fesmitl FF shearing stress in pin at B is cribieed ei Ae Fat = Flo.oic® = 78.54 «10% m* Fra? 2AT = (AY78.SYHI0F V(I2OWJO") = 12.852 ~10" N TF bearing stress in member AG at bracket at A is ev tient Ag tal = (0.016 10.010) = 160 10% m* Fra = Ag6L = Cicoxto™ X40 x108) = 14. 40 x10" N IF bearing stress in the bracket at B is cviticnt Avs 2td4 = (2)(0.012Y0.010) = 240%10% m* Fao = A, 6, = (2H0¥10%)( 90 "10% = 2héxlo* N APlow she Fya is the smadlest, ne. M4oxi® NV Then, Prom Stoties — Papas? (0.57788 V1. 40%10°) = 8.31/07 N 3.3)4N =e oan(ae ital occ ee ever eee Ded pee ecco eo faa ee (ca PROBLEM 1.29 1.29. The 6- KN load P is supported by two wooden members of 75 % 125- mm uniform rectangular cross section which are joined by the simple glued searf splice shown, Determine the normal and shearing stresses in the glued splice. SOLUTION P= oxic? N 6 = 90% 70° = 20° A, = (0.075 )€0.1a8) = 9.375 107% m* = Digeig = ieuicties’ 20° . 3 Osir Ag anes aetna ates ia. * S65 x10 Gs SES kPa «a eco = (610%) sin 40% 3 Fi sin 20 = “Versys = 206%I0 Zs 206kKPa PROBLEM 1.30 ee 135 mam 1.30 Two wooden members of 75 « 125+ mm uniform rectangular cross section are joined by the simple glued scarf splice shown, Knowing thatthe maximum allowable tensile stress in the glued spice is $00 kPa, determine (a) the largest load P which can be safely supported, (5) the coresponding shearing stress inthe spice SOLUTION A, = (0.075 Contas’) © 9.37 lo” wm @ = 40°-7o° = 20° 6 = S00 xio* Pao er &o'0 Jo" e= AS, = (4.375 %J0"* S00 XIE) 5 ance pe? cos* 20° fa) P= 5.3) KN = Pisn2e . (Sgesseiot sin dor - : The maa7e Rios) «BEAT HO ) T= 182.0 kf mtfeel eel ‘ccm PROBLEM 1.31 SS Sa ey wes Lge . 3240_cos* 50° 1.31 Two wooden members of3 » 6-in, uniform rectangular cross section ae joined bythe simple glued scarf splice shown. Knowing that che maximum allowable shearing siress in the glued splice is 90 ps, determine (a she largest load P shich can be safely applied, (8) he corresponding tensile stress inthe spice SOLUTION @ = Tor - 40° = 50° A, = GG) = 1a nt = 2 sg; rg An 2 = 2h - @i9(4o) _ Pe Saze 7 ain 108" S240 P= 3290 fb = = 1S: = | a = 155 © = 75.5 ps PROBLEM 1.32 7 Se 1.32 Two wooden members of3 «6 in uniform rectangular cross section ar joined bythe simple glued scarfspice shown. Knowing that P=2400 By determine the normal and shearing stresses in the pled splice souvtion @ = For- 40° = Sor P= 2400 db. (2)CE) = 18 int a 2g = 4020) cos* 50° - Ss -ovte= = S51 Cr SSl psi =P sg, = (R400) 819 Jo0° = Tag 1848 = “aicig) 7 C2 6ST psi >ee. : PROBLEM 1.33, 1.33 A centric load Pis applied to the granite block shown. Knowing thatthe resulting ‘maximums value ofthe shearing siressin the block is 2 $ ksi, determine (a) che magaitude ‘of P, (8) the orientation of the surface on which the maximum shesring stress occu, (6) the normal stress exerted on thet surface, (d) the maximum value of the normal stress in the block soLvTion Agr (6)(6) = 36 in® Tran? 2S ksi O= 45° Fen plane oP Tome CY thy HBL IP l= 2A Thaw = @X8EKRS? = 180 Kips « ) sinQo2] 26> 40° @=45° = FP costasts Gh 2 SIO = a sks © Big # ge cos 4S? = Rt Gays eS ksi em A) Snag = E = afi -oksi - PROBLEM 1.34 1.34 A240-kip load Pis applied tothe granite block shown. Determine the resulting ‘maximum value of} the normal stress, (8) the shearing sitess. Specify the orientation ofthe plane on which each ofthese maximum values occurs SOLUTION Ae = (6) © 36 in” 6 = Beste = =BB os'O ~ - 6.67 os°@ ° (o.) mow tensife stress = O of 8 = %* meg. compressive stress = 6.67 Kr lt at @= 0 =P Late i Gi as Dh 7 @ycaey 7 3-33 ke < ot O= 48°fester ee (oe HE (a fea foe ca = {= (eee fee eed 1.38 A steel pipe of 300- mm outer diameter is fibricated from 6- mm- thick plate by welding along ahelix which forms an angle of 25° witha plane perpendicular tothe axis, ofthe pipe. Knowing that a 250- kN axial force Pis applied to the pipe, determine the normal and shearing stresses in directions respectively normal and tangential tothe weld PROBLEM 1.35 SOLUTION do = 0.300 m ade = DIS im Yi = Yo-t = 0.150- 0,006 = 0.144. Ac= TON - *) = 1(0.150” - 0.1444) = 5.54 xjo"$ mt @ = 25° = Pipsgte - 22S5OxI0% cos! 25° > fr es'8 = ae =-37.1 «10% 6 =~ 37.1 MPa t= oe sin 26 = 2350x108 sin Sr BK 0 28 = Oe s4 aio) =17.28 x10° C= 17.28 Ma 1.36 A steel pipe of 300- mm outer diameter is fabricated from 6- mm- thick plate by welding along helix which forms an angle of 25° witha plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. Knowing that the maximum allowable normal and shearing stresses in direction respectively normal and tangential ta the weld are = SO MPa and + ~ 30 MPa, determine the magsitude P ofthe largest axial force that can be applied to the pipe PROBLEM 1.36 SOLUTION do? 0.200m = fetoo= A1SOm T= %-t = 0.150 ~ 0.006 = O44 m Ag = W(rs- 02) = (0. 150*= 0.1944) = 5.54 KIO7$ n* Based on \S1= 50 MPa: pe AcS 2 (Smno"*r( sox ict) — cue 76 Based on HZ1= 30 MPa re F sin 20 p= Bat _ @Xs.sdto%)(Zox10} 2 y34x/0" ‘sin 26 sin So* Smaller valve is the 28 ASE 20kN A (0,020)* = 400x/0" m! B= 120.10" N 7 = Joyot < sys Sh = oue = 00m Fa = SA , (300x108 Yo.01s)* Fra 17 K10 = 3.97 = 7h. SA . Ga Rote Fhe > oe = (3.9) Q0x10") 5 264.7 x/0°% mt 300 x16 O= 16.272 ¥/0% m 16.2) mm aed lo FS.= Fe >| a(iam) n J ay _ 142 Members AB and AC of the truss shown cons made of the same alloy. [tis known that a 20mm tested to failure and that an ultimate load of 120 KN wi 5 of square cross section of the same alloy was corded. Ifa factor of safety PROBLEM 1.42 re ae oar of 32 isto be achieved for both bas, determine the required dimensions ofthe cross section of (a) bar AB, (8) bar AC. oan Ss et a ¥ Length oF member AB an Dag = [OTS HOME = 0.8om ef Use enhve truss as a free body y DEM. =O LWA, =-(0.75(28) 20 Aya ISKN sfZFy =o Ay - 28=0 Ay=28 kN ‘ Use joint A as free body agkn a, far #ERr0 BE Fe- Avo o* Fre Fra = SQ 2 17 kw Fhe DRO A Fe- 2b haso Fae = 28 ~ toxin, = #0 kN For the test bar A = (0.020)"= 4o0x/0* m* PR, = 1Roxlo* N For the metevial 6) = Pe = OME = geonjo’ Pa =R. GA. Se (a\ For anes esi PA x Gus a, (ESF _ (3.2720 = oe ats Belts 482007 x10") = 181.83 2/0"% ws a = 13,47 10% m 13,97 mm = 2 () For menber AC BS, = BE > GA. SP = ES). Gawrord) 2 215.33 x10 m ty = I 6lxios m ai fe [ ( tea (ea: ier ae n UU {pumas ey emmy Bete [ote wees] PROBLEM 1.43, sou Length oP spfice = CSearance. 2= $C Area of gle A= Ustimate dood Py Factor P safely FS. 1.43 The two wooden members shown, which support a 20-KN load, are joined by plywood splices filly glued on the surfaces in contact. The ultimate shearing stress in the glue ie 2 8 MPa and the clearance between the members is 8 mm Determine the factor of safety, knowing thatthe length of each splice i = 200 mm SOLUTION There ave 4 separate aveas of qlve. Fach qhve area must transit 10 kW oF shear Pood. P= loxiosN Aho where He Pengthdghe and c= L-c) = 4(0.200-0,008) = 0.096 m. Aw = (0,096)(0.120) = HL 52 Io * mt = WA = (2.8x10¢ 1-520 Je 32.256r/0°N 2 Pe 2, B22gserlo < tpt Sere = 3.28 PROBLEM 1.44 BAN 20mm cas L sone Required ultimate foad 1149 The two wooden members shown, which support a 20-KN load, ae joined by plywood splices fully ghued on the surfaces in contact. The ultimate shearing stress in the glue is 2.8 MPa and the clearance between the members is 8 mum. 1.44 For the joint and loading of Prob, 1.43, determine the required length Z of each splice ifa factor of safety of 3 Sisto be achieved SOLUTION Theve ore 4 separate areas uf glue. Each give area must transmit 10 kN oP shean Yoad. P = loxlo* N Put (FS.)(PY = (3.sMlonio®) = aslo" W Required dength 2 oP each’ ghee area Poe HMA TWH Length oP splice Le RB 35/0 eS 53, >t = = 104.17 x)o “ det GanorV\Gze) > (H* I BB+e = (A) 104.1710") + 0.008 = 216.3 x1o* m ZIG mmPROBLEM 145 c oo | ae = 1.48 Three }-in diameter ste! bolts are 1 be used to attach the steel plate shown toa wooden beam, Knowing thatthe plat will support a2ckip load and that the Utate shearing ses fr these! weds 52 a, eterrine the factor of ae fo this design. SOLUTION ay For each bolt A=Pd*= Ef) = 0.4418 int Pu = Ao = (o.sHia)(Sa) = 22.97 kes Per bolt = P= St = 8 kips rs. = Bs 287 = 2.87 ~« PROBLEM 1.46 | scone itn eet SOLUTION Fer each bolt p= 4t = 8 kigs Reqiret P, =(FS.)P = (3.3708) > 26.96 Kips wmehaasBe(Gard eee oe rede enced Poe faa 147 Aload P is supported as shown by a steel pin which has been inserted ina short wooden member hanging from the ceiling The ultimate strength ofthe wood used is 60 MPa in tension and 7 5 MPa in shear, while the ultimate stcength of the steel is 150 MPa in shear. Kaowing that the diameter of the pin is d ~ 16 mm and that the ‘magnitude of theload is P= 20 RN, determine (a) the factor of safety for the pin, (8) the required values of band cif the factor of safety forthe wooden members to be the same a that found in part a forthe pin, PROBLEM 1.47 SOLUTION Pr 20kN = zoxlooN | fea @ Pn: AzBat= F (0.016) = 201.06 x10 “m Dovble shea = ee Py = 2AT = (AV ROlWISxIS* (ISO 108) = 60.319x10° N 5 Fs.2 Bee So84x0 - 362 (b) Tension in wood = Py = 60.319 1/0" N for same FS. 6 = a = Soa where We 4Omm = 0.040m P a 0.319%/0* say 2 be d + yh = 0.016 +e Fycowoey = “I elo m be Yb mm =< Shear in wood Py = 60,319 +10° N for same FS, Double shear; each area is A= we ciara See AY awe = Pe = 60:30 0* = 00.5 x10" C IW * Bxoovey7.svi0*) eerie C= 100.6 mm =A 1.47 A load Pis supported as shown by a see! pin which has been inserted ina short PROBLEM Las ‘wooden member hanging from the ceiling. The ukimate strength ofthe wood used is (60 MPa in tension and 7 MPa in shear, while the ultimate strength ofthe stel is 150 MPa in shear 1.48 For the support of Prob. 1.47, knowing that 6 = 40 mmm, ¢= $5 mm and d= 12 ‘mm, determine the allowable loed P ifan overall fictor of safety of 3.2is desired. oo h soLuTION Based on double shear in pin Pu = 2AM = 28 d*2, = F(a)(o.012) (1S0x10*) = 33.93 x10" N zo Based on tension in wood PB: AS, = wlb-d)oy = (0,040)(0,040 - 0.012)(60x/0*) = 67.2 x1oN Based on double shear in the wood Pot 2A% = Qwe, = (2)(0.040)(0. 055 (725x108) = 33.0 «10° N Tete ro ee ca 0 Use smatfest Pi = 33.0xjot Abfowahde Pe Pe = BBO?» 19 ainjot wy 10-3) kN -mo Co oo 7 st a feed eee Ged cece eeeed aloes an PROBLEM 142 1.49. In the structure shown, an 8- mm- diameter pin is used at 4, and 12- mm- diameter pins are used at 2 and D. Knowing thatthe ukimate shearing stress is 100 MPa at all connections and that theultimate normal stressis 250 MPin each ofthe two links joining 8 and D, determine the allowable load P if an overall factor of safety of Tepe 30's desived [+20 on-off a SOLUTION Stahics ? Use ABC as Free body. A 8 5 020 Fo. 8mm Fs Feo ae _ ZMe=O 0.20 Fa- OB P ZO Peer 2 mm ra Pater ae ZMp=O 0.20 Fyp-0.38P =O to Based on double shear in pin A = 19 Feo Az 8 = F(0.008)* = 50.266 «10% m* =2BA = [190 x10°)(S0. 266410") 2 3.351 2/09 N = ie = 3.72 x10" N Based on double shean in pins at B and D ee = Ed* = F(o.o1)t = 113.10 «10° * Fen = ay 2 i011“ 2(013.10% OS). asqwiot NN = BF = 3.97 x/0* N Bosed on compression in Sinks BD For one Bink Az (0.020 (0,008) = 160x/0™ m™ = 2SA _ (QV aSo «lot XKoxis®) - s Foo = “pgr rS > = 26.7 *10°N P= Rp = 1.04 xIot N NDowable value of P is smatlest + Pr 3.72 ¥10°N 3.22 KN =PROBLEM 1.50 4.49 In the structure shown, an 8- mm- diameter pin is used at A, and 12- mm- diameter pins are used at B and'D. Knowing that the ultimate shearing stress is 100 MPa atall connections and that theultimate normal stessis 250 MP in each ofthe two links joining B and D, determine the allowable load P if an overall factor of safety of| 3.0is desired 1.0 In an alternative design for the structure of Prob.1.49, a pin of 10-mm-diameter isto beused 4. Assuming that al other specifications remain unchanged, determine ‘rpview the allowable lad Pian ovralfictor of sally of 0 i desired & [eneaede aeeeea lena SOLUTION oes 3 ae Stahics ! Use ABC as Free body. soon $e tom 8mm. D ZMe=O 0.20 Fy- OR P =O 12mm—] pePr Side ew ZMp= 0 0.20 Fep~ 0.38 PZ O aioe aa Based on double shear in pin A Te Az Hd? = F(o.010)* = TH xo mw F, =2BA. (2{ 100 x)0*)( 78054. + (0 Lop xi. T8.S4 x10") 2 §.236xJ0° N = BR = $.82 108 N Based on double shear in pins at B and D A= Bdt = Flo.) = 18.10 107% m Feo = 284 = Aloo xlO® WZ.toxlo"§) = 7 g4 yjo* 3.0 P= fe Fin = 3.97 «105 N Based on compression in Jinks 8D For one Rink A= (0.020 (0,008) = 160 x/0"° m* Fay = 2824 - (2\lago lo Miconts®) = 26.7 x08" P= Ge Fe = 14.04 x1o* N Mowabse value of P is smallest . P= 3.597x10°N 3.97 KN =ecm 1.51 Each ofthe te inks 4B and CDs connected oa support and to member BCE by} -in- diameter sta pins acting in singe sear. Knowing thet theukimate bering stessis24ksi forthe ste used in the i and tht the ultimate normal stress i 60 ka forthe ste used in th os, determine the allowable load P ian overall fctor of safety of} 2 desired (Not tha the Inks are ot enfored around hepa hoes) EEE soumoy 9 | Use ‘BCE as Free body g b-sin 120m, IMg=o BR, - 2Pe0 pe SF. EMe = 8Fag - IZP ZO P= fe Beth Pinks have He same area and same pin diameter 3 hence, being A the same material, they will have the same ultimate tou. Based on pin in single shear Az Fats E(4)* = 0.196385 int Fo = TA = (24) (0.19685) = 4.7124 kips Based on tension in fink A= (b-d)t = U- ¥ME) = 0.125 in® Fos GA = (60)(o.125) = 7.50 kips VItimate boad fom Dink is smadfest: Fy = W7I2¥ hips. Abfowbte food fit fink Fx fis AY = 1y726 kips Ablowatte foact for structwe P= .€F = 0.589 Kips Fo» seq db ~ Feo Few© PROBLEM 1.52 1.51 Each ofthe stel inks AB and CDis connected to a support and to member BCE by + in diameter sto pins acing in single shear. Knowing thatthe ulate shearing stces is 24 ks forthe stel used inthe pins and that the ulimate normal stress is 60 si for the ste used inthe inks, determine the allowable load P ifan overall factor of safety of 32s desived, (Note that the Hinks are not reinforced around the pin holes 1.52 An alternative designis being considered to support member BCE of rob. | 54 jn which ink CD wil be replace by two licks, each of fx 1-in. eros section, causing the pins at Cand D to bein double shear. Assuming that all other speciictions remain unchanged, determine the allowable load Pi an overall facto of safety of 3.2 is desired soLurion py Use member BCE as free body + 3 ZMy+0 BRy-20P =O ps Fie ZMe=O BFye-12P=0 Pe 3 Fe 5 Fe Based on pin A in single shear Az Edt = Ee = 0.19685 in®™ Fu = TWA © (24)(0. 19635) = 4.7124 Kips Based on tension in Sink AB Az (b-ad)t = U-k EY) = O.18S in® Fyo= QA = Golo.ias) = 7S50kips Ultimate Road tor Sin, ABiis. smadlect, ie. Ih 47124 kips Convespondting vPtimate Joad for shwchures Be FR = SIC tips Based on pins at Cand D in double shear A= Fd™ = Fay = 0.19635 in® Fut 2GA = (@YaH\(0.19685} = 7.4248 Kips Based on tension in Jinks BC A= (b-d)t = U-£)E) = 0.06285 m* Cone Sink) Fo= 260A = (2X(60)(0.0625) = 7.50 kips Cote2, both Jinks ) Ustimete Road for Hinks BC is smallest, ie. Fy = 7.50 Kips Corresponding vitimate foad fir strobe Py BF= 3,00 Kips Retuat odimate Load is smatlest, ital P, = 3.00 kips Allow ase oud tor stroctore P> fi = 222 - o.nae kip P= 938 Db. —PROBLEM 1.53 1.83 Each ofthe two vertical links CF connecting the two horizontal members AD and EG has a 10 x 40- mm uniform rectangular cross section andis made ofa steel with Ss ‘ulate stengihia tension 400 MPa wileach oft pins aC and Phas 020 & ——. ‘mm diameter and is made of a steel with an ultimate strength in shear of 150 MPa. iy Daten tov cor of ft fr eka C and tpn onetng thm 0 the horizontal members. SOLUTION Use menker EFG as tree body, DIM_e=0 0.40 Fan ~(0.65)(a4 vio") = O Fy = 37x10" N 24kN Based on tensisn in Pinks CF A= (b-d)t = (0.040 - 0.02)(0.010) = 200 n10% m* (one Fink ) Fy =26, A= (2400 x10¢)(200 ¥10"S) = 160.0 x1o° N Based on dovkde shear in pins A= Fd* = Z(o.0z0)* = 314.16 «10% m* Fu = 2A = QY150x/0*\314.16 *10"S) = 74.248 x10* N Actus) Fy is smadfer valve, ie Fy = 4.248 too N fe 94.248 xlo® Factor of sabety FS. = Fe 7 gaxioe 2.42 ~i oy Ty fom a ‘See care io Eset ao {| 1.83 Each ofthe two vertical links CF connecting the two horizontal members AD and EG has 10 « 40- mm uniform rectangular ross section and is made of ste with an ultimate strength in tension of 400 MPa, while each ofthe pins aC and F has a 20- rum diameter and is made of a stel with an ultimate strength in shear of 150 MPs Determine the overall factor of safety forthe links CF and the pins connecting them 10 the horizontal members 1.84 Solve Prob. 1.53, assuming thatthe pins at C and Fhave been replaced by pins with «30- mm diameter PROBLEM 1.54 SOLUTION Use member EFG as free body. bo. 40 he 0.25- DIM, <0 24 kw O40 Fer ~(0.65\(24 x1) = 6 Fee = 39x10" N aay Based on tension in Jinks CF ae A = (b-d)t = (0.0H0- 0.080)(0.010) = 100 xO m" (one Anke) Fy= 26,A = (2)(dooxlo*) (100 «10"*) = 80.0%/0° N Based on dovble shear in pins Ae Bat = E(0.080)* = 706.26 «10% m® B= 2GA = Bison h 706.86 10%) = 212.0610" N Actual Fy is smaller vadue, ic. F, = 80.0x10°N Fe 80.0107 Factor of safety FS. = Gt = SROMS = 2.05 =~ ie1 tama fetal =) a oa PROBLEM 1.85 toanchor a high-sirength vertical cableas shown. The diameter of he hole inthe pate is} in, the ultimate strength of the steel used is 36 ksi, and the uhimate bonding, sitess between plete and concrete is 300 psi. Knowing that a factor of safety of 3.60, is desired when P = 25 kips, determine (a) the required width a ofthe pat, (8) the minimum depth @ to wich a plate ofthat with should be embedded inthe concrete slab, (Neglect the norma stresses between the concrete andthe lower end of he pate ) SOLUTION 2.5 kips Based on tension in plate A e(a-d)t R= GA = Pe 2 Gia-dt a rs? B = Silg-ae SoDving for be 7 (Fs. P_ 3 , Gcor2sS) ard ter #* Gere) a= 1.550 in ~ Basedon shear between plate and concrete sfah A= pen'meter depth= 2(a+t)b % = 0.300 ks! R= TA = 20, Carte rs. & hanger =(FS)P _ _G.6)(2.5) Selving foe bb = 2GtNe 7 Gyrsso-dKo zoo) b = 8.05 in -—<1.55 A sel pate 3 in. thee embeded ina horizontal concrete slab ands used to anchor ahigh-srength vera! cable as shown. ‘The diimeter ofthe ole inthe plate is} in, the ultimate strength ofthe steal used is 36 ks, andthe ultimate bonding siress between plate and concrete is 300 psi 1.36 Determine thefictor of safety forthe able anchor of Prob. 1.55 when P=3 ips knowing that a= in and b=73 in PROBLEM 1.56 souvTion 3 kips Bosed on tension in plate A= lo-d)t = (2-4)GE) = 0.3906 int Pot QA = (86 (0.3906) = 14.06 leips RS fee toe = hea Based on shear between plate and concrete slab A= perimeter » depth = 2(avt) b = 2(a+%)(75) A= 34.64 in® Tot 0.300 ksi P,= TA = (0.300)(34%67) = 10.41 kips ps2 Be al. 3.47 Actual Factor of satety is the smafler value FS.=3.47 <0PROBLEM 1.57 1.57 A.40-kg platformis attached to the end B ofa 50-kg wooden beam AB, which is supported as shown by apin a A and by a slender stel rod BC with 12-KN ultimate load, (a) Using the Load and Resistance Factor Design method witha resistance factor $= 0.80 and load factors 7p = 1.25 and y, = 1.6, determine the largest load which can be safely placed on the platform. (5) What isthe corresponding conventional factor of safety for rod BC? SOLUTION “p 4 he SX) ‘Ay We w, DIM, 20 (24)8P— 24-2 W, - Pr Pwr du, For dead Soading W, = (Ho)(%81) = 392.4 N W,= ($019.81) = 49O.S N P= GX392, For Pive oa) tee $ ig. Design eritenion 4) #(E (490.8) = 1.0628 « los N Wemq Wes 0 From which om =3 % YR + NR = PP R= PU-KR ~ (0.90)Cianiot = (1.25°)UI.0628 x10") LG Ww 5.920% AMowable dead to* N me g SMH. 502 by « Conventional Factor sabety Pr Ra P= 1.0628 x/0' + 5.920K)0% = 6.433x/0* N . Bs, 2 & la wo" 7 a Pp” eases foe oe oa peanooo oOoOoOOoOeoe 3 PROBLEM 1.58 11.58 The Load and Resistance Factor Desiga method isto be used to select the two cables wihich will raise and lower a platform supporting two window washers. The platform weighs 160 Ib and each ofthe window washers is assumed to weigh 195 Ib ‘With his equipment, Since these workers are free to move onthe platform, 75% of their ‘otal weight and of the weight oftheir equipment willbe used as the design live load of teach cable. (a) Assuming a resistance factor = 0.85 and load factors yp = 1.2 and ¥.= 15, determine the required minimum utimete load of one cable. (8) What isthe ‘conventional factor of safety forthe selected cables? souUTION WP +UR = PP p= PR+hR ? 0.85 629 fb. — Conventional factor of safety P= Re P= gxBO+* OW xXAX1IS = 3725 4b RS. = & > = 1.689 =