S h d li Techniques

Scheduling
T h i
for
f
Construction Projects

 Introduction
The Planning process
Doing the Planning
Activities
Bar charts
Critical path method
Schedule Calculation

Introduction
- Project
j planning
p
g
- The goal of planning

The planning process

- Assumptions Based on Facts
- Alternative Courses of Action
- Selection the Course of Action

Doing the schedule

The Planning stages
Activity list
LevelI

LevelII

LevelIII

LevelIV

LevelV

Building

Site

Foundation

Excavation

Forms
Shop
Shop
Drawing

Piling

Rebars
Cutand
Cut
and
Fabricate

StructuralFrame

PileCap

Etc.

Etc.

Concrete

Etc.

Deliver

Pl
Place

 Activities
- Drive pile
- Excavation
E
ti
- Cut p
pile head
- Lean concrete
- Footing form
- Footing rebar
- Footing
g concrete

 Bar Charts

CRITICAL PATH METHOD(CPM)

The critical path method focuses
managements attention on the
relationships between critical activities.
activities

Schedule Calculations
The next step in the CPM development process is to
calculate the earliest and latest times for each activity.
activity
These times are computed such that the network
logic is not violated and the projects overall
duration is held to a minimum.
minimum

ESn

EFn
Durationn

Calculation of an activitys early

Schedule Calculation (Conts)

Forward
F
dP
Pass
Early finishn (EF) = early startn (ES) + durationn [4.1]

- Early Start / Early Finish

 Backward Pass
5
8
8

Figure 4.9vCalculation of early start ; use largest preceding

early finish.

3
6

A
4

B
2

E
4

10

10 F

12

Figure 4.10 Forward pass calculations

12 H
10

22

 Critical Path and Critical Activities

1. The early start and late start times
2. The early finish and late finish times
6

12

10 2

12

10

10 F

12

12 H

22

10

10 2

12

12 10 22

PRECEDENCE LOGIC DIAGRAMS

Precedence diagramming is an extension of the activity
on the node scheduling method.
The four precedence relationships are
Finish to start (FS)
( )
Start to start (SS)
Finish to finish(FF)
Start to finish (SF)
( )

Finish to Start

Place
Concrete
1 day

Cure
7 days

Strip
shoring
2 days

Figure 4.16
4 16 AON network finish to start relationship without lag

Place
Concrete
1 day

FS = 7 ddays

Strip
shoring
2 days

Figure
g
4.17 AON network finish to start relationshipp with lagg

Assuming that activities are performed in a

continuous manner, the early start of the

succeeding activity and late finish of the

preceding
di are activity
ti it can be
b calculated
l l t d
using Eqs.[4.9] and [4.10].

Early startn+1 = early finishn +lag [4.9]

Late finishn = late startn+1 lag [4.10]

Start to Start
Excavate
footing
1 day

Excavate
footings
1 day
Form &
place
l
Concrete
footing
2 days

Figure 4.18 AON network finish to start relationship

Start to Start (conts)

Excavate
footing
2days

SS = 1

Form & place

F
l
concrete
2 days

Figure 4.19 AON network start to start relationship with lag

The early start of the succeeding activity and late

finish of preceding activities can be calculated by
Eqs.[4.11]
q [
] & [4.12].
[
]

Early startn+1 = early startn +lag [4.9]

Late finishn = late startn+1 lag

g [4.10]

Finish to Finish
Early startn+1 = early startn +lag
durationn+1 [4.13]

Late finishn = late startn+1 lag [4.14]

Start to finish
The start to finish relationship is not support by
most scheduling
h d li software.
f
Form
footings
3 days
y

Place rebar
footings
2 ddays

Place
concrete
footings
2 ddays
Figure 4.20 AON network finish to start

Form
footings
6 days

FF = 2

Place
concrete
footings
g
4 days

Figure 4.21 AON network finish to finish relationship

with lag