REFERAT

VAGINAL CANCER
Presenter :
Rin Wahyu I
Consultant :
dr. Putu A. Suarta, Sp.OG (K.Onk)

ANATOMI VAGINA

DEFINITION & EPIDEMOLOGI

cancer that starts in the vagina (primary
cancer) and cancer that has spread to the
vagina (secondary cancer)

just 1-3% of gynocological cancer (1

cases among 100.000 women)

HISTOPATOLOGI
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Melanoma Maligna
Sarkoma

WHAT ARE THE RISKS?

Vaginal
Interaepithelial
Neoplasma (VAIN)
Human Papiloma
Virus (HPV
Smoking Tobacco
Age 50-70 y.o
Adenosis vagina

History of
gynaecological
cancer
Diethylstilboestrol
(DES)
Having many sex
partner
Having sex at an
early age

STAGING (FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DE

GYNECOLOGIE ET D'OBSTETRIQUE (FIGO) AND
AMERICAN JOINT COMMITTEE ON CANCER (AJCC)

SYMPTOMS
Bloody vaginal discharge not related to your menstrual
period (amenore, hipermenore)
Which may have an offensive or unusual odour
Pain during sexual intercourse

Bleeding after sexual intercourse

Pain in the pelvic and lumbal area

A lump in the vagina.

Hematuria

DIAGNOSE
Pelvic and
phcycal
examination

Pap Smear

Imaging ( XRay, MRI, CT

scan

Blood test

Biopsy &
colposcopy

THREATMENT by stage
Stage 0 (SCC) vaginectomy parcial or total,
therapy laser, and intravaginal chemoterapy.
Stage I (SCC or adenocarcinoma) radical
vaginectomy, radical hysterectomy and removal
limp, or radiasi
Stage II (Radiasi external with kemoterapi
intertitial)

Stage III and Stage IVA (Kemoterapi &

radiasi intertitial)

RADIOTERAPY
Radiotherapy is the treatment of
cancer using high-energy x-rays to
kill or destroy cancer cells.
1. External Radioterapy
2. Internal Radioterapy
(brachytherapy)

SURGERY
Stage 1

(Vagina posterior & vagina in situ)

Histerektomi radikal, vaginektomy
minimal, & limfadinektomi

Stage IVA

(Fistula rectovaginal)
Limfadenoktomi pelvis and radiasi

Reccurence
after
radiation

Surgery exentration

KEMOTERAPI

Chemotherapy is the use of anticancer (cytotoxic) drugs to

destroy cancer cells. They work
by disrupting the growth and
division
of
the
cells.
Chemotherapy
for
vaginal
cancer is usually given directly
into a vein (intravenously).

PROGNOSIS
A study of 193 patients from the M.D.
Anderson Cancer Center in Houston
reported
5-year
disease-specific
survival rates of 85% for 50 patients
with Stage I, disease, 78% for 97
patients with Stage II, and 58% for 46
patients with Stages IIIIVA

PREVENTION
Avoid HPV exposure :
1. Having sex at an early age
2. Having many sex partner
3. Having sex with uncircumcised males
4. condom can lower the HPV infection

Get Vaccinated (Gardasil) to prevent HPV typer

6 & 11
Pap Smear