REF 11

TOLENTINO AND ASSOCIATES:

LECTURER: ENGR TOLENTINO
Formulas :
w=

0.85fcab = Asfy

fy
fc '

a
M = Asfy (d )
2
M = Rb d 2

M = f c ' wbd 2 (10.59 w)

1 = 0.85

1 = 0.85 0.008(fc 30)

'

R=f c ' w (10.59 w)

fc <= 30

fc > 30 but not less than 0.65

0.85 f c
2R
(1 1
)
fy
0.85 f c '

600+fy
fy
0.85 f c ' 1(600)
b=

S-1
b= 300 mm d= 390 mm fc = 27.6 Mpa fy = 275 Mpa As = 1935 mm 2
1. The balanced steel ratio . Ans. 0.0497
2. The actual steel ratio Ans. 0.0165
3. The permissible ultimate moment capacity of a rectangular beam reinforced for tension only.
Ans. 168.267 kN
S-2
4. A rectangular beam has b = 300 mm, d = 480 mm. The beam is used to carry a factored moment of 18
kN m. fc = 27.6 Mpa fy = 276 Mpa. Compute the required steel area.
Ans. = 0.00105 min = 0.005 (Use ) As = 730.43 mm2
S-3
A reinforced concrete beam has a width of 300 and an effective depth to tension bars of 600 mm.
Compression reinforcement if needed will be placed at a depth of 60 mm below the top.
fc = 30 Mpa fy = 414 Mpa.
5. max = ? Ans. 0.02323
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6. The ultimate moment capacity of the beam if reinforced for tension only by max ?
Ans. 758.1 kN m
7. The tension steel area to resist an ultimate moment of 650 kN m.
Ans. = 0.01912 min = 0.00338 As = 3456 mm2

S-4
A rectangular beam is to carry a factored moment of 272 Kn m. The beam width is 250 mm and effective
depth = 400 mm. Use fy = 344.7 Mpa fc = 20.7 Mpa d = 60 mm.
8. The max: Ans. 0.0207
9. The Mu max ? Ans. 204.63 kN m
10. Is compression reinforcement necessary? Yes
11. The value of As1 Ans. 2070 mm2
12. The moment to be carried by the compression steel. Ans. 67.37 kN m
13. Will the compression steel yield? Yes
14. The value of As2 ; 638.71 mm2
15. The tensile reinforcement. Ans. 2708.71 mm 2
16. The value of compressive reinforcement. 638.71 mm 2

S-5
fc = 20.7 Mpa fy = 345 Mpa

17. Is the compression steel yielding? Yes

18. Location of the Neutral Axis from top. Ans. 187 mm
19. The maximum permissible ultimate moment capacity of the given beam: Ans. 665.47 kN m
S-6
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A reinforced concrete beam has the following properties.

b = 320 mm
d = 640 mm
fc = 25 Mpa
fy = 400 Mpa
Factored shear force at critical section.
1
Vc= fc ' bd
20. The shear capacity of the beam.
6
Vs=

21. Shear capacity of the stirrups.

22. Spacing of Stirrups:

S=

Ans.

Vu
Vc

AV F Y d
Vs

Ans.
Max S = d/2

170.67 kN
64.62 kN
Ans. 320 mm oc

S-7
A rectangular column 350 mm by 600 mm is reinforced with 6 28 mm diameter bars with 3 bars on each
side. The center of the bar is located 65 mm from the column edge.
fy = 414 Mpa fc = 20.7 Mpa. Compute P balance , ebalance and MBN for the long side of the column.

23. The location of the Neutral Axis. Ans. 316.57 mm from left
24. The value of Pbalance. Ans. 1657.08 kN
25. The value of eb Ans. 382 mm
26. The value of MNB 633.685 kN m
29 The value of : Ans. 0.72
S-9
A rectangular beam reinforced for tension only has b = 300 mm and d = 490 mm. The tension steel area
provided is 7 25 mm diameter bars with fy = 415 Mpa , fc = 21 Mpa. What is the ultimate moment
capacity of the beam.
Does steel yield? No
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What is b? Ans. 0.0216

What is actual
Ans. b = 0.0216 = 0.0233 Steel does not yield.
As Fs = 0.85 (21) (0.85)(300) c
fs = 1.325c
Fs
0.003
Es
c = 296.22
=
c
490c
M = As fs ( d a/2 ) = 441.95 kN m
S-10
30. The area enclosed by |x | + |y | = 1 Ans. 2
31. The value of x in the series 12 13 17 26
32. The time required for 2 examinees to solve the same problem differ by 2 minutes. Together they can
solve 32 problems in one hour. How long will it take for the slower problem solver to solve the problems.
Ans. 5
33. Two cars A and B race around a 1320 meter circular track. With the same starting point and traveling in
opposite directions, they met for the 1 st time after 2 minutes. When traveling at the same directions starting
at the point, Car A reaches the starring point with car B 220 meters behind. What are their rates.
Ans. 360 m/min and 300 m/min
S-11
A can cover a circular track in 50 s while B can cover it in 40 sec. Find the time they will be together if
34. B gives A a headstart of 5 sec. Ans. 25 sec
35. A gives B a headstart of 5 sec. Ans. 175 sec
36. A and B strart at the same time in the same direction. Ans. 200 sec
37 Determine the component of P = [ 1.52 -2.63 0.83 ] on the line which originates at the point ( 2, 3, -2)
and passes ( 1, 0, 5). Ans. 1.585
38.. In triangle ABC BC =40 m AB = 50 m and Angle A = 53 0.
Area = ? 647.41
Perimeter = ? 122.43
Length of the median drawn from vertex A to the side BC = ? 37.09 m

S-11
An area of 50977.84 m is to be segregated from a triangular lot ABC with one of its sidesBC = 400 m and
the boundary of segregated area DEBC has side DE parallel to BC. The length of the side DE is 150 m and
angle ABC is 50 deg.
39. At what angle is the side AC making with side BC? Ans. 63 deg
40. The length of the sides of DEBC. Ans. 208.05m, 241.99 m
41. The altitude of the ABC. Ans. 296. 6 m
42. The area of the whole lot. Ans. 59,319.65
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43. The area of section ADE. 8,341.81

Area of trapezoid with 2 base angles and 2 parallel sides.
B
cot A +cot

2
C 2D2
Area=

C and D are parallel bases. C > D , A and B are base angles.

S-12
A pyramid whose altitude is 4 meter weighs 600 kN. Unit weight of the pyramid is 50 kN/m 3.
44. The length of one side of the base if it has a square section. Ans. 3 m
45. At what distance from its vertex must it be cut by a plane parallel to its base so that the two solids of
equal weight will be forned? Ans. 3.175 m
46. What is the area of the section cut by the plane? 5.67 m 2
S-13
A through whose ends are isosceles trapezoid with vertical axis is 10 meter long. The lower base of the
trapezoid is 2 meter and the upper base is is 6 meter and 4 meter deep. The through contains 100,000
liters of liquid having an SG of S.
47. How deep is the water in the through? Ans. 2.9 m
48. Determine the wetted area of the through.
49. If the liquid weighs 1177.2 kN, determine the SG of the liquid. Ans. 1.2
50. A closed horizontal cylindrical tank has a radius of 600 mm and a length of 5 m.
Find the depth of water in a horizontal position if it is 7/8 full.
a. 0.876
b. 0.981
s-14
A regular tetrahedron has a surface area of 140 sq m.

V =

2 s3
12

51. side = ? 9 cm
52. altitude =? 7.35 cm
53. volume = ? 85.91 cm
54. A line segment passes trough ( 2,2) . The length of the line segment intercepted by the coordinate
axes is

5 . Find the possible equation of the line segment. Ans. x/-2 + y/1 = a

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55. A hyperbola has an equation 16y2 9x2 + 36x + 96y 36 = 0.

Center?
( 2, -3)
Vertex?
( 2, 0) , ( 2, -6)
Foci
( 2, 2), ( 2, -8)

55. Determine the flow in each pipe. Assume f = 0.02 for all pipes.
0.0826 fL Q2
h=
D5

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Ans. Junction is 3.0517 m below A.

QA = 0.4893 m3/s
QB = 0.0878 m3/s
QC = 0.3475 m3/s
QD = 0.0539 m3/s

56. A tank is in the form of a right circular cone 3 meter top diameter and 1.5 meter diameter bottom with
height of 3.5 m is full of water. What diameter of the orifice is needed to empty the tank in 8 minutes?
C = 0.62. Ans. 0.1087 m or 108.7 mm
dV
t=
cA 2 g h

57. A 1.5 m diameter vertical cylindrical tank 3 m high contains 2.5 meter of water. A 100 mm diameter
diameter circular sharp edge orifice is located at its bottom. Assume c = 0.6.
How long will it take to lower the water level to 1 meter deep after opening the orifice? Ans. 98.4 sec
How long will it take to empty the tank? Ans. 267.72 sec
2 As
t=
( H 1 H 2)
Ca 2 g
58. An open cylindrical tank 4 meter in diameter and 10 meter high contains 6 meter of water and 4 meter
of oil. ( SG = 0.8 ). Find the time to empty the tank trough a 100 mm diameter orifice at the bottom.
Cc = 0.9 Cv = 0.98.

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Time to empty water: 1019.19 sec

Time to empty oil: 1638.2 sec
Total time: 2657.37 sec.

59. Determine the magnitude of the force on the inclined gate 1.5 m by 0.5 m shown. The tank of water
is completely closed and the pressure gage at the bottom of the tank reads 90,000 Pa. Also locate the
center of pressure from the top of the inclined gate. Use unit weight of water = 9.8 kN/m 3
Ans. 48.026 kN , 1.316 m.

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60. Determine the magnitude and location of the total hydrostatic force on the 2 m by 4 m gate shown.

Ans. 733.16 kN

2.156 from top of gate.

61. The gate shown in the figure is 1.5 m wide hinged at A and rest against a smooth wall at B. Compute
the total force on the gate due to sea water.
Total Force on the gate. F = 218.59 kN
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Location of this force from B. 1.953 m along the incline.

Reaction at B =? 180.614 kN
Reaction at hinge A=? Ry = 181.88 kN Rx = 59.36 kN
Neglect weight of the gate. 191.32 kN

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