Tribunals

Central Administrative Tribunal

Purpose: For adjudication of disputes with respect to recruitment and conditions of

service of persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the
affairs of the Union or other local authorities within the territory of India or under the
control of Government of India and for matters connected therewith or incidental
thereto. This was done in pursuance of the amendment of Constitution of India by
Articles 323A.

Principal Bench - New Delhi

Benches at: Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Bengaluru, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Kolkata,

Chandigarh, Cuttack, Cochin, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jabalpur, Gwalior, Indore,
JOdhpur, Jaipur, Chennai, Patna and Ranchi

Armed Forces Tribunal

Purpose: For adjudication by the tribunal of disputes and complaints about

commission, appointments, enrolment and service conditions in respect of those
covered by the Three Services Act, and hearing of appeals arising out of orders,
findings or sentences of court martial. The tribunal will have original jurisdiction in
service matters and appellate jurisdiction in court martial matters.

Principal Bench - New Delhi

Benches at: Kochi, Jaipur, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Lucknow, Guwahati, Chandigarh

National Green Tribunal

Purpose: For the effective and expeditious disposal cases relating to environmental
protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources including
enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and
compensation of damages to persons and property and for matters connected therewith
or incidental thereto.

Principal Bench - New Delhi

National Green Tribunal

Benches at: Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata, Chennai

Railway Claims Tribunal

Purpose: For speedy adjudication, providing relief to rail users by way of expeditious
payment of compensation to the victims of rail accident or untoward incident, refund of
fare and freight and compensation to those whose good are lost while with railways.

Principal Bench - New Delhi

Benches at: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Bhopal, Calcutta, Chandigarh,

Chennai, Ernakulam, Gorakhpur, Guwahati, Ghaziabad, Jaipur, Lucknow, Mumbai,
Nagpur, Patna and Secunderabad

First in India
First Appointees of India

1st President

Dr. Rajendra Prasad

1st Vice-President

Dr. S Radhakrishnan

1st Prime Minister

Pt Jawaharlal Nehru

1st Home Minister

Vallabhbhai Patel

1st Railway Minister

John Mathai

1st Defence Minister

Sardar Baldev Singh

1st Finance Minister

RK Shanmugam Chetty

1st External Affairs Minister

Jawaharlal Nehru

1st Governor General (Indian)

C Rajagopalachari

1st Governor General (Independent India)

Lord Mountbatten

1st Chief Justice of India

Harilal J Kania

1st Chief Election Commissioner

Sukumar Sen

1st Chief Information Commissioner

Wajahat Habibullah

1st Central Vigilance Commissioner

N Srinivasa Rau

1st Attorney General

M.C. Setalvad

1st Speaker of Lok Sabha

G.V. Mavalankar

1st Cabinet Secretary

N.R. Pillai

1st Chief of Army Staff

Gen Rajendra Singhji

1st Chief of Air Staff

Air Marshall Thomas

Elmhirst

1st Chief of Naval Staff

Vice Admiral RD Katari

First in India Quiz

Technological Firsts in India

Event

Year

Broadcasting started in India

1927

All India Radio established

1936

Television started

1959

Colour Television started

1982

Railways started

1853, April 16

Event

Year

1st electric train

1925, Feb 23

First issue of Postal Stamp

1825 (in Sind)

First Telegraph line

1851 (Calcutta &

Diamond Harbour)

Newspaper

1781, Jan 29 Hicky

Calcutta Gazette

First Atomic Power Station commissioned at

1969

Tarapur

First nuclear test carried out

1974, 18 May

First satellite launched

1975, 19 Apr

Internet came to India

1995, Aug 15 (provided

by BSNL)

First air mail in India & World Bumraulli to

1911

Allahabad (6 miles)

First indigenously built submarine of India

Shalki

Indias first newsprint factory was set up at

Nepanagar (MP)

First Chief Ministers of States of Independent India.

State

First Chief Ministers

Andhra (State)

Tanguturi Prakasham Pantulu (1953 - 1954)

Hyderabad (State)

M.K. Vellodi (1950 - 1952)

Andhra Pradesh (United)

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (1956 - 1960)

Andhra Pradesh (Separated)

N Chandrababu Naidu (2014 - )

Telangana

K Chandrashekhar Rao (2014 - )

Arunachal Pradesh

Prem Khandu Thungan (1975 - 1979)

Assam

Gopinath Bordoloi* (1947 - 1950)

Bihar

Sri Krishna Sinha** (1947 - 1961)

Chhattisgarh

Ajit Jogi (2000 - 2003)

Delhi

Chaudhary Brahm Prakash# (1952 - 1955)

Goa, Daman and Diu (UT)

Dayanand Bandodkar (1963 - 1966)

Goa

Pratap Singh Rane (1987 - 1990)

Gujarat

Jivraj Narayan Mehta (1960 - 1963)

Haryana

Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma (1966 1977)

Himachal Pradesh

Yashwant Singh Parmar (1952 - 1956)

Jammu and Kashmir##

Gulam Mohammed Sadiq (1965 - 1971)

Jharkhand

Babu Lal Marandi (2000 - 2003)

Karnataka

K. Chengalaraya Reddy (1947 - 1952)

(State of Mysore)

State

First Chief Ministers

Kerala

E. M. S. Namboodiripad (1957 - 1959)

Madhya Pradesh

Ravishankar Shukla (Nov 1956 - Dec 1956)

Bombay State

B.G. Kher (1947 - 1952)

Maharashtra

Yashwantrao Chavan (1960 - 1962)

Manipur

Mairembam Koireng Singh (1963 - 1967)

Meghalaya

Williamson A. Sangma (1970 - 1972)

Mizoram

Ch. Chhunga (1972 - 1977)

Nagaland

P. Shilu Ao (1963 - 1966)

Odisha

Harekrushna Mahatab (1946 - 1950)

Punjab (United)

Gopi Chand Bhargava (1947 - 1949)

Punjab (after division of Haryana)

Giani Gurmukh Singh Musaffir (1966 1977)

Rajasthan

Heera Lal Shastri (1949 - 1951)

Sikkim

Kazi Lhendup Dorjee (1975 - 1979)

Madras State

O.P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar % (1947 1949)

1.

Madras State

C. Rajagopalachari @(1952 - 1954)

Tamil Nadu

C.N. Annadurai @@(Jan 1969 - Feb 1969)

Tripura

Sachindra Lal Singh (1963 - 1971)

Uttar Pradesh

Govind Ballabh Pant (1950 - 1954)

Uttarakhand

Nityanand Swami (2000 - 2001)

West Bengal

Prafulla Chandra Gosh (1947 - 1948)

* Gopinath Bordoloi was the Prime Minister of Assam from February 1946 to
August 1947.

2.

** Shri Krishna Sinha was also the Chief Minister of Bihar before independence.

3.

# The office of the Chief Minister of Delhi was later abolished in 1956. Madan Lal
Khurana became the Chief Minister when the office was re-established (by the sixty-

State

First Chief Ministers

ninth amendment act, 1991) in 1993.

4.

## Before 1965, Jammu and Kashmir had a Prime Minister and Mehr Chand
Mahajan was the first Prime Minister from 1947 to 1948.

5.

% Elections for this assembly were held prior to independence.

6.

@ After the first elections after independence in 1952.

7.

@@ After the state renamed as Tamil Nadu.

First Recipients of Various Awards

BHARAT RATNA

1st Indian to be awarded the Bharat Ratna

C Rajagopalachari

1st Bharat Ratna Awardee to become the President of India

Dr. S.
Radhakrishnan

1st person to be awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously

Lal Bahadur
Shastri

1st Scientist to be awarded the Bharat Ratna

CV Raman

1st and only Industrialist to be awarded the Bharat Ratna

JRD Tata

1st woman to be awarded the Bharat Ratna

Mrs. Indira Gandhi

1st sportsperson to be awarded the Bharat Ratna

Sachin Tendulkar

LITERARY AWARDS

1st Indian to be awarded the Nobel prize in literature

Rabindranath
Tagore

1st recipient of Bhartiya Jnanpith award

G Sankara Kurup

1st recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award for English

RK Narayan

1st person to receive Nobel prize for English literature

Rudyard Kipling

1st Indian to receive the Booker prize (British citizen)

Salman Rushdie

1st Indian woman (and also first Indian citizen) to receive

Arundhati Roy

the Booker prize

1st Indian to receive the Pulitzer prize (Reporting category)

Gobind Behari Lal

SPORTS AWARDS

1st recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award

Viswanathan Anand

1st woman recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna

Karnam Malleshwari

Award

1st recipient of Dhyanchand Lifetime

Aparna Ghosh

Achievement Award

1st cricket player to be awarded the Arjuna

Salim Durrani

Award
AWARDS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE

1st Indian scientist to be awarded the Nobel prize

CV Raman

1st person to receive Nobel prize for Physics

William K Roentgen

1st woman to receive the Nobel prize

Madame Curie (1903)

GALLANTRY AWARDS

1st winner of Param Vir Chakra

Major Somnath Sharma

1st and only Air Force person to receive the

Flying Officer Nirmaljit

Param Vir Chakra

Shekhon

1st woman to receive the Ashoka Chakra

Neerja Bhanot (1987)

FOREIGN AWARDS

1st Indian to be awarded the Nishan-e-Pakistan

Morarjee Desai

1st Indian to be awarded Magsaysay Award

Vinoba Bhave

FILM AWARDS

1st winner of Dadasaheb Phalke Award

Devika Rani

1st winner of Filmfare best actor award

Dilip Kumar

1st winner of Filmfare best actress award

Meena Kumari

1st Hindi film to win the National film Award

Mirza Ghalib (1954)

1st film to win the Best Film Academy Award

Wings (1927-28)

(Oscar)
OTHER AWARDS

SPORTS AWARDS

1st recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award

Viswanathan Anand

1st woman recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna

Karnam Malleshwari

Award

1st recipient of Dhyanchand Lifetime

Aparna Ghosh

Achievement Award

1st cricket player to be awarded the Arjuna

Salim Durrani

Award
AWARDS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE

1st recipient of Jawaharlal Nehru Award for

U Thant (1965)

International Understanding

1st recipient of Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace,

Parliamentarians for Global

Disarmament and Development

Action(1986)

1st recipient of Outstanding Parliamentarian

Shri Chandrashekhar (1995)

Award

1st recipient of Gandhi Peace Prize (Govt of

Julius Nyerere (1995)

India Award)

1st recipient of World Food Prize instituted By

MS Swaminathan (Father of

Norman Borlaug (Father of Green Revolution)

Green Revolution in India ),

1987

1st recipient of Communal Harmony Award

Asghar Ali Engineer, 1997

(Individual)

1st recipient of Communal Harmony Award

Quami Ekta Trust, 1997

(Organisation)

1st recipient of Tagore Award for Cultural

Pt. Ravi Shankar, 2012

Harmony

1st Asian recipient of Hoover Medal (America's

APJ Abdul Kalam, 2008

prestigious award for outstanding extra-career

services by engineers to humanity)

1st recipient of VK Krishna Menon Award

Former CJI KG Balakrishnan

SPORTS AWARDS

1st recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award

Viswanathan Anand

1st woman recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna

Karnam Malleshwari

Award

1st recipient of Dhyanchand Lifetime

Aparna Ghosh

Achievement Award

1st cricket player to be awarded the Arjuna

Salim Durrani

Award
AWARDS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE
(instituted by London based VK Krishna Menon
Foundation)

First Heads of State

First Prime Minister of Pakistan

Liaqat Ali

First Prime Minister of England

Robert Walpole

First President of United States of America

George Washington

First Prime Minister of Bangladesh

Sheikh Mujibar Rehman

First President of Chinese Republic

Sun Yat Sen

First Prime Minister of Australia

Sir Edmunton Barton

First Prime Minister of Israel

David Ben-Gurion

First State President of South Africa

Charles Robberts Swart

First in the World - Men

First man in space

Yuri Gagarin

USSR

First person of African descent in space

Arnaldo Tamayo

Cuba

Mndez

First man to reach the North Pole

Robert Peary

USA

First man to scale Mt Everest

Edmund Hillary

New
Zealand

First man to reach the South Pole

Roald Amundsen

Norway

First man to circumnavigate the world

Enrique, Magellan's

Malay

slave

First man to land on the moon

Neil Armstrong

USA

First Secretary General of the United

Trygve Lie

Norway

Nations

First in the World - Women

First woman in space

Valentina

USSR

Tereshkova

First woman to cross the Atlantic in a solo

Amelia Earhart

USA

flight

First woman to scale Mt Everest

Junko Tabei

Japan

First woman to win an Olympic gold

Charlotte Cooper

England

First woman Prime Minister in the world

First American woman in space

Sirimavo

Sri

Bandaranaike

Lanka

Sally Ride

USA

First Woman Prime Ministers/Presidents in the World

Name

Country

Post

Srimavo Bandaranaike

Sri Lanka

Prime Minister

Golda Meir

Israel

Prime Minister

Indira Gandhi

India

Prime Minister

Margaret Thatcher

United Kingdom

Prime Minister

Benazir Bhutto

Pakistan

Prime Minister

Khaleda Zia

Bangladesh

Prime Minister

Edith Cresson

France

Prime Minister

Kim Campbell

Canada

Prime Minister

Julia Gillard

Australia

Prime Minister

Yingluck Shinawatra

Thailand

Prime Minister

Angela Merkel

Germany

Chancellor

Corazon Aquino

Philippines

President

Chandrika Kumaratunga

Sri Lanka

President

Megawati Sukarnoputri

Indonesia

President

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Liberia

President

Pratibha Patil

India

President

Dilma Rousseff

Brazil

President

Park Geun-hye

South Korea

President

Ameenah Gurib-Fakim

Mauritius

President

Bidhya Devi Bhandari

Nepal

President

First in Space
First in Space - Human Beings/Animals
Event

Name of the

Vehicle

Date

Sputnik-2

03 Nov

Person

First animal in space

Laika, the dog

1957

First man in space

Maj Yuri Gagarin

Vostok 1

12 Apr
1961

First woman in space

Valentina

Vostok 6

Tereshkova

First person to walk in

Alexei Leonov

1963
Voskhod 2

space

16 Jun

18 Mar
1965

First woman to walk in

Svetlana

space

Savitskaya

First American in space

Allan Shepard

Salyut 7

25 Jul
1984

MR-3

05 May

(Freedom 7)

1961

Event

Name of the

Vehicle

Date

Apollo 11

20 Jul

Person

First man on moon

Neil Armstrong

1969

First Indian in space

Sqn Ldr Rakesh

Soyuz T-11

02 Apr

Sharma

First US woman in space

First space tourist

First woman space tourist

Sally Ride

Dennis Tito

Anousheh Ansari

1984
STS-7

18 Jun

(Challenger)

1983

Soyuz

28 Apr

TM32/31

2001

Soyuz TMA9

18 Sep
2006

First Indian (American)

Kalpana Chawla

Woman in space

First Chinese in space

Lt Col Yang

Spaceship

19 Nov

Columbia

1997

Shenzou V

15 Oct

Liwei

First Chinese woman in

2003

Liu Yang

Shenzou 9

16 Jun

space

2012

First Satellites - Countrywise

Event

Name of the Satellite

Date

First Satellite

Sputnik by USSR

04 Oct 1957

First American Satellite

Explorer 1

01 Feb 1958

Event

Name of the Satellite

Date

First British Satellite

Ariel 1*

26 April 1962

First Canadian Satellite

Alouette 1#

01 Sep 1962

First Italian Satellite

San Marco 1@

15 Dec 1964

First French Satellite

Asterix

26 Nov 1965

First Japanese Satellite

Oshumi

11 Feb 1970

First Chinese Satellite

Dong Fang Hong I

24 Apr 1970

First Indian satellite

Aryabhatta**

19 Apr 1975

First Israeli satellite

Ofeq 1

19 Sep 1988

First Iranian satellite

Sina 1##

28 Oct 2005

*Ariel 1 was made and launched by the USA.

#Alouette 1 was constructed by Canada but launched by the USA.
@San Marco 1 was built by Italy but launched by the USA.
**Aryabhatta was made by India (ISRO) and launched by the USSR.
## Sina 1 was made by Iran and launched by Russia.

First in Space

First Spacecraft in Space

Name of the

Mission

Spacecraft

Luna 2

Luna 2 was first spacecraft to make a landing on the

moon. Launched by the USSR on 12 Sep 1959 it impacted the surface
of the moon on 14.09.1959

Luna 3

Luna 3 was first space probe to photograph the far side or the
dark side of the moon. It was launched by the USSR on 04 Oct 1959

Apollo 11

Apollo 11 was first spacecraft which landed the first humans, Neil
Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on the moon.

Mariner 4

Mariner 4 was the first spacecraft to flyby Mars and also the first to
return images of another planet. It was launched by the USA on
28.11.1964

Mariner 9

It was the first spacecraft to orbit another planet - Mars. It was

launched by the USA on 30.05.1971

Mars 3

It was the first spacecraft to land successfully on Mars. It was

launched by the USSR on 28.05.1971

Pioneer 10

Pioneer 10 was the first spacecraft to reach the planet Jupiter. It

was launched by the USA on 02.03.1972 and reached closest to
Jupiter on 04.12.1973. In 1983, Pioneer 10 became the first spacecraft
to travel past the orbit of the most distant planet, Neptune.

Galileo

Galileo launched by the USA on 18.10.1989 was the first spacecraft

to flyby an asteroid, 951 Gaspra. It also discovered Dactyl, a moon
of the asteroid Ida. The spacecraft was the first to orbit Jupiter in
December 1995.

Mariner 10

Launched on 03.11.1973, Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft to

Name of the

Mission

Spacecraft

flyby Mercury.

Messenger

Messenger was the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury. It was

launched by the USA on 03.08.2004, it entered the orbit of Mercury
on 18.03.2011

Helios 2

Helios 2 launched on 15.01.1976 was a joint venture of the United

States and West Germany. It set the record for being closest spacecraft
to the Sun, at a distance of 43.432 million kilometers on 17 April
1976.

Voyager 1

Voyager 1 launched on 05.09.1977 by NASA, to study solar system

and interstellar medium, became the first man-made object to enter
the interstellar space on 25 August 2012. (This was confirmed by
NASA in Sep 2013).

Philae

Philae, a lander which accompanied Rosetta spacecraft of the

European Space Agency is the first spacecraft to land on a comet on
12 Nov 2014. The comet was 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko.

Rocket Launching Stations

Launch Station

Kourou

Country
French Guiana, (Territory of France in S
America)

Baikonur

Kazhakastan (Formerly in USSR)

Sriharikota

Andhra Pradesh, India

Woomera

Australia

Jiquan Space Launch Centre

China

Launch Station

Country

Al Anbar

Iraq

Palmachim Air Base

Israel

Uchinoura Space Center

Kagoshima, Japan

Emamshahr

Iran

Kapustin Yar

Russia

Plesetsk Cosmodrome

Russia

Cape Canaveral

Florida, USA

Kennedy Space Center

Merrit Island, Florida, USA

Edwards Air Force Base

California, USA

First Heads of State

First Prime Minister of Pakistan

Liaqat Ali

First Prime Minister of England

Robert Walpole

First President of United States of America

George Washington

First Prime Minister of Bangladesh

Sheikh Mujibar Rehman

First President of Chinese Republic

Sun Yat Sen

First Prime Minister of Australia

Sir Edmunton Barton

First Prime Minister of Israel

David Ben-Gurion

First State President of South Africa

Charles Robberts Swart

First in the World - Men

First man in space

Yuri Gagarin

USSR

First person of African descent in space

Arnaldo Tamayo

Cuba

Mndez

First man to reach the North Pole

Robert Peary

USA

First man to scale Mt Everest

Edmund Hillary

New
Zealand

First man to reach the South Pole

Roald Amundsen

Norway

First man to circumnavigate the world

Enrique, Magellan's

Malay

slave

First man to land on the moon

Neil Armstrong

USA

First Secretary General of the United

Trygve Lie

Norway

Nations

First in the World - Women

First woman in space

Valentina

USSR

Tereshkova

First woman to cross the Atlantic in a solo

Amelia Earhart

USA

Junko Tabei

Japan

flight

First woman to scale Mt Everest

First woman to win an Olympic gold

Charlotte Cooper

England

First woman Prime Minister in the world

Sirimavo

Sri

Bandaranaike

Lanka

Sally Ride

USA

First American woman in space

First Woman Prime Ministers/Presidents in the World

Name

Country

Post

Srimavo Bandaranaike

Sri Lanka

Prime Minister

Golda Meir

Israel

Prime Minister

Indira Gandhi

India

Prime Minister

Margaret Thatcher

United Kingdom

Prime Minister

Benazir Bhutto

Pakistan

Prime Minister

Khaleda Zia

Bangladesh

Prime Minister

Edith Cresson

France

Prime Minister

Kim Campbell

Canada

Prime Minister

Julia Gillard

Australia

Prime Minister

Yingluck Shinawatra

Thailand

Prime Minister

Angela Merkel

Germany

Chancellor

Corazon Aquino

Philippines

President

Chandrika Kumaratunga

Sri Lanka

President

Megawati Sukarnoputri

Indonesia

President

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Liberia

President

Pratibha Patil

India

President

Dilma Rousseff

Brazil

President

Park Geun-hye

South Korea

President

Ameenah Gurib-Fakim

Mauritius

President

Bidhya Devi Bhandari

Nepal

President