Question Paper Code : 97085

B.E./B.Tech. Degree Examination, Nov/Dec 2014

Second Semester
Civil Engineering
GE 6253 - Engineering Mechanics
(Common to all branches except Computer Science and Engineering,
Information Technology, Computer and Communication Engineering,
Electronics and Communication Engineering, Biomedical Engineering,
Medical Electronics Engineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering and
Instrumentation and Control Engineering)
(Regulation 2013)
Time: Three Hours

Maximum: 100 Marks

Answer All Questions
10 2 = 20 Marks)
Part - A (10

1. Give the static equilibrium equations.

I Solution
Algebraic Sum of forces along X direction is zero and
Algebraic Sum of forces along X direction is zero
Fx = 0; Fy = 0;
2. Define Lamis theorem.
I Solution
Q.No. 26, - Page No. 1.125
3. Define couple.
I Solution
If two equal and opposite parallel forces are acting on a body, they do not
have any resultant force. Such a set of two equal and opposite forces, whose
lines of action are different form a complete.
4. State Varignons theorem.
I Solution
Q.No. 4 - April / May 2011 - Page UQ. 74

UQ.2

Engineering Mechanics

5. State parallel axis theorem.

I Solution
Q.No. 14, Page 3.158
6. Define principle moments of inertia.
I Solution
Q.No. 20, Page 3.159
7. Define Newtons law (second law) of motion.
I Solution
Q.No. 24, Page 1.124
8. Give the equation of work energy for a rectilinear motion.
I Solution
Q.No. 71, Page 4.141
9. Define limiting friction.
I Solution
Q.No. 10, Page 5.153
10. Define instantaneous center of rotation.
I Solution
Q.No. 53, Page 5.157

11.

PART B - (5 16 = 80 marks)

(a) Four forces act o bolt A as shown. Determine the resultant of the
forces on the bolt shown in fig. Q. 11 (a).

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.3

I Solution

The given forces F1 , F2 , F3 and F4 are Resolved into horizontal and

vertical components as shown in the above figure.
By adding all the horizontal components
fx = F1 cos 30 F2 sin 20 + F4 cos 15

= 150 cos 30 80 sin 20 + 100 cos 15

= 199.135N()

By adding all the vertical components

fy = F1 cos 30 F2 cos 20 F3 F4 sin 15

= 150 sin 30 + 80 cos 20 110 100 sin 15

= 14.293N()
q
Resultant force R = fx2 + fy2
p
= 199.1352 + 14.2932

Angle of Resultant

R = 199.647N

= tan

fy
fx

= tan

= tan1 (0.0718)

14.293
199.135

= 4.107
Result:
Resultant of the forces on the bolt
R = 199.647 < 4.107
Or

UQ.4

Engineering Mechanics
(b) Consider the 75 kg crate shown in the space diagram of Fig.Q.11(b).
This crate was lying between two buildings, and it is now being lifted
onto a truck, which will remove it. The crate is supported by a vertical cable, which is jointed at A to two ropes which pass over pulleys
attached to the buildings at B and C. It is desired to determine the
tension in each of the ropes AB and AC.

I Solution
By drawing the free body diagram of 0 A0

By Applying Lamis theorem

W
TAB
TAC
=
=
sin 100 sin(90 + 30) sin(90 + 50)
736
TAB
TAC
=
=
sin 100 sin 120 sin 140
By equating the first two terms
TAB
736
736
=
TAB =
sin 120
sin 100 sin 120
sin 100
TAB = 647.227N

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.5

By equating the first third terms

736
TAC
=
sin 100 sin 140

736
sin 140
sin 100
TAC = 480.389N

TAC =

Result
Tension in rope AB = TAB = 647.227N
Tension in rope AC = TAC = 480.389N
12.

(a) Determine the magnitude and direction of the smallest force F, shown
in Fig.Q.12(a) which will maintain the package shown in equilibrium.
Note that the force exerted by the rollers on the package is perpendicular to the incline.

I Solution
By drawing the free body diagram of the package
Let
R = Force exerted
by the rollers on the
package

Let us resolve the weight of the block into two components. One in
parallel to inclined plane (which is considered as horizontal) and the
other is perpendicular to the inclined plane (which is considered as
vertical)
Resolving the forces horizontally
f = 294.3 sin 15
= 76.17

UQ.6

Engineering Mechanics

Result
The magnitude of smallest force
F = 76.17 > = 15
Or
(b) A 20 kg ladder Fig. Q. 12(b) used to reach high shelves in a store
room is supported by two flanged wheels A and B mounted on a rail
and by an unflanged wheel C resting against a rail fixed to the wall.
An 80 kg man stands on the ladder and leans to the right. The line
of action of the combined weight W of the man and ladder intersects
the floor at point D. Determine the reaction at A, B, and C.

I Solution
Free body diagram of the ladder is drawn.
The ladder is partially constrained, it is Free t roll along the rails. So
fx = 0

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.7

The total weight acting on the

ladder
= weight of man+
weight of ladder
= 80 + 20
= 100 kg
= 100 9.81 N

= 981 N ()

Under equilibrium, he forces acting on the ladder is zero. F = 0

i.e., Ay j + Az k + By j + Bz k 981 j +C K = 0

(Ay + By 981) j + (A2 + BZ +C) K = 0

(1)

Taking moment about A

MA = (r f ) = 0

1.2 i (By j + Bz k ) + (0.9 i 0.6 k ) (981 j )

+ (0.6i + 3 j 12k) c k = 0
(2)

(3C 588.6) i + (1.2Bz + 0.6C) j + (1.2By 882.9) k = 0

Setting the co-efficient of i, j, k equal to zero in the Above equation,
we obtain the following three scalar equations, which gives the sum
of moments about each coordinate axis must be zero.
3C 588.6 = 0

1.2Bz + 0.6C = 0
1.2By 882.9 = 0

C = +196.2N
Bz = 98.1N

By = +736N

Reaction at B = +736 j 98.1 k N

Reaction at C = +196.2 k
Setting the Co-efficient of j and k equal to zero in Eqn.(1)

UQ.8

Engineering Mechanics
We obtain
Ay + By 9810 Ay + 736 981 = 0

Az + Bz +C = 0Az 98.1 + 196.2 = 0

Reaction at A = +245 j 98.1 k N

Ay = +245N
Az = 98.1N

Result

Reaction at A = +245 j 98.1 k N

Reaction at B = +736 j 98.1 k N

Reaction at C = +196.2K

13.

(a) Determine the moment of inertia of the shaded area as shown in Fig.Q.13(a)
with respect to the x axis.

I Solution

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.9

The given composite section in divided into two portions

1 Rectangle 2 Semicircle
Portion

Area
A mm2

rectangle

240 120 = 28800

120
= 60
2

Semicle

1
1802
2 4
= (-) 12723.45

4 90
3
=81.80

A =

Centroidal distance
from x axis
ymm

A.y
mm2

1728000

120

(-) 1040778.23

AY =

16076.55

687221.77

y = AY = 687221.77
A
16076.55

y = 42.74 mm
Portion
Rectangle

(Iself )x mm4

A(yy)2

bd 3 240 1203
=
12
12
=34560000

28800(60 42.74)2

0.11r 4 = 0.11 904

= ()7217100
Moment Inertia about
Centroidal axis
Semicircle

= 8579738.88
12723.45(81.80 42.74)2
= ()19411959

Ixx = (Iself)x + A(Y Y )2

= 27342900 10832220.12
= 16510679.88mm4

Moment of Inertia about X axis

Using parallel Axis theorem
Ix = Ixx + Ay2
= 16510679.88 + 16076.55 42.742

= 458773835.95

Ix = 45.877 106 mm4

UQ.10

Engineering Mechanics
Result:
Moment of Inertia of the shaded area
= 45.877 106 mm4

Or
(b) For the section in Fig. Q. 13(b), the moments of inertia with respect to the x and y axes have been computed and are known to be
Ix = 10.38mm4 , Iy = 6.97mm4 . Determine:
i. The orientation of the principal axes of the section about O. (8)
ii. The values of the principal moments of inertia of the section
about O.
(8)

Given
Ix = 10.38mm4
Iy = 6.97mm4

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.11

First the given section is divided into three rectangles as shows.

Solution
We know product of inertia about centrical axes (X fY ) is equal is zero
for each rectangle.
Given x and y axes are parallel to X and Y axes using parallel axis
theorem.
Ixy = IXY + xy A for each rectangle.
Section

1
2
3

Area
A, mm2

Centroidal
x direction
x, mm

distance in
y direction
y, mm

3 0.5 = 1.5

1.25

3 0.5 = 1.5
3 0.5 = 1.5

0
+1.25

0.5
= 1.75
2

0
1.75

Ax y

-3.28125
0
3.28125
Axy = 6.5625

Ixy = Ixy + x yA
= 0 + (6.5625)
Ixy = 6.5625mm4
i. To Find the angle of principle axes
tan 2 =
=

2Ixy
2Ixy
=
IY IX
Ix Iy
2 6.5625
10.38 6.97

= 3.849

2 = tan1 (+3.849)
= 75.44

= 37.72 (on 37.72 + 90)

= 37.72 (on 127.718)

UQ.12

Engineering Mechanics

ii. To find principal moments of Inertia

s

Ix Iy 2 2
Ix + Iy
+ Ixy
Imax =
+
2
2
s

10.38 + 6.97
10.38 6.97 2
=
+ (6.5625)2
2
2

= 8.675 + 2.907 + 43.066

= 8.675 + 45.973
= 8.675 + 6.780
Imax = 15.455mm4
14.

(a) The two blocks in Fig.Q.14(a) start from rest. The horizontal plane
and the pulley are frictionless, and the pulley is assumed to be of negligible mass. Determine the acceleration of each block and the tension
in each cord.

I Solution
Free body diagram of black A (With Inertia force)

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.13

Resolving forces vertically

R = WA
= 100 9.81

R = 981N

Resolving forces horizontally

T1 = mA QA
T1 = 100QA
Free body Diagram of pulley C
T2 = 2T1
XA
2
aA
i.e., aB =
2

(1)
(2)

Similarly xB =

(3)

Free body diagram of Block B (with inertia force)

Resolving forces vertically

T2 + mB aB = WB
T2 + 300aB = 300 9.81
From 2 & 3

9A
2T1 + 300
= 2943
2
2T1 + 150aA = 2943

2T1 + 150aA = 2943

(4)

UQ.14

Engineering Mechanics
Substituting (1) in (4)
2(100aA ) + 150aA = 2943
350aA = 2943
Acceleration of block A aA = 8.408m/s2
from 3
Acceleration of block B =

aA 8.408
=
2
2
aB = 4.204m/s2

Tension in Cord AD T1 = 100aA = 100 8.408

T1 = 840.8N

Tension in cord CD = T2 = 2T1

T2 = 1681.6N
Result
Acceleration of block A aA = 8.408m/s2
Acceleration of block B aB = 4.204m/s2
Tension in cord AD T1 = 840.8N
Tension in cord CD T1 = 1681.6N
Or
(b) Two blocks are joined by an inextensible cable as shown in Fig.Q.14(b).
If the system is released from rest, determine the velocity of block A
after it has moved 2m. Assume that the coefficient of kinetic friction
between block A and the plane is k = 0.25 and that the pulley is
weightless and frictionless.

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.15

I Solution
Free body diagram of block A

Resolving forces vertically

R = WA = 200 9.81

R = 1962 N
Applying work energy equation
U12 = T2 T1

Work done U12 = Workdone by T + Work done by F

= (T 2) (FA 2) = 2T 2 R

= 2T 2 0.25 1962

U12 = 2T 981
Initial velocity of block A = 0

1
Since initial
2
Intial kinetic energy T1 = mu = 0
velocity u = 0
2
1
1
Final kinetic energy T2 = mv2 = 200 v2
2
2
Substituting (2), (3) and (4) in (1)
2T 981 =

1
200v2
2

Free Body diagram of Block-B

WB = 300 9.81
WB = 2940 N

UQ.16

Engineering Mechanics
Resolving forces vertically T = WB
Applying work energy equation
U12 = T2 T1

U12 = work of WB + work of T

= (WB 2) (T 2)

Initial Kinetic energy T1 = 0 (Since initial velocity is zero)

1
Final Kinetic energy T2 = mB v2
2
U12 = T2 T1
2WB 2T = (1/2)mB v2 0
1
2 2940 2T = 300 v2
2

Solving equation (7) and (8)

2T 981 = 100v2

2T + 5880 = 150v2
(7) + (8) 4900 = 250v2
4900
v2 =
250
v = 4.43 m/sec.
Result:
Final velocity of block A = 4.43 m/sec
15.

(a) A support block is acted upon by two forces as shown in Fig.Q.15(a).

Knowing that the coefficients of friction between the block and the
incline are s = 0.35 and k = 0.25, determine the force P required
i. To start the block moving up the incline,
ii. To keep it moving up,
iii. To prevent it from sliding down.

(6)
(6)
(4)

University Question Solved Paper

UQ.17

I Solution
For each part of the problem. We draw - body diagram of the block
and a force triangle including 800 N vertical force, the horizontal force
P and the Force R Exerted on the block by the incline.
i. Force P to start the block moving up the incline.

tan s = s
tan s = 0.35
s = tan1 (0.35)
s = 19.29

from the above triangle

P
800
P
tan(25 + 19.29) =
800
P = 800 tan 44.29
tan(25 + s ) =

P = 780.41N
ii. Force P to keep the block moving up.

tan(25 + 14.04) =
tan k = k
P = 800 tan 39.04
tan k = 0.25
k = 14.04
= 648.75N
iii. Force P to prevent block from sliding down

tan(25 19.29) =

P
800

P
800

UQ.18

Engineering Mechanics
P = 800 tan 5.71
P = 79.99N
Or
(b) A cord is wrapped around the inner drum of a wheel and pulled horizontally with a force of 200N as Fig.Q.15(b). The wheel has a mass
of 50kg and a radius of gyration of 70mm. Knowing that s = 0.20
and k = 0.15, determine the acceleration of G and the angular acceleration of the wheel.

I Solution
Initially the drum is rolling without sliding
a = r
= 0.1
a = 0.1 m/s2

Moment of Inertia of wheel

I = mk2 = 50 (70 103 )2
0.245kg m2

Free body diagram of drum

University Question Solved Paper

Applying equations of motion
Moment about GMG = (MG )e f f
200 (40 103 ) = ma(0.1) + I

8 = 50 0.1 0.1 + 0.245

8 = 0.5 + 0.245

8 = 0.745
8
= 10.74
=
0.745

= 10.74 rad/s2
Fx = (Fx )e f f
F + 200 = ma
f = ma 200

= 50 0.1 10.74 200

F = 146.3N

F = 146.3N()
fy = ( fy )e f f
N W = O

N = W = mg

N = 490.5N()
Maximum available friction force
Fmax = Hs .N = 0.2 490.5 = 98.1N
Since F > Fmax the assumed motion is impossible.
Now considering Rotating and sliding of Drum.
F = Fk = Hk .N = 0.15 490.5
= 73.6N

Now the free body diagram becomes

UQ.19

UQ.20

Engineering Mechanics

Fx = (Fx )e f f
200 73.6 = m a
200 73.6
a=
50
Acceleration of G a = 2.528m/s2 ()
MG = (MG )e f f
73.6 0.1 = 200 0.06 + 0.245
7.36 12 = 0.245

= 18.94rad/s2

Angular Acceleration = 18.44 rad/s2 (ACW)

Result
Acceleration of G = a = 2.528m/s2 ()
Angular Acceleration of wheel = = 18.94 rad/s2 (ACW)