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By:shobhakumari|03Jan20128:48am|100198timesviewed| 2Comments

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1000SAPABAPInterviewQuestionsandAnswers

ListofABAPFunctions
ABAPQueryAQuickGlance

SAPR/3ARCHITECTURE

ABAPreport
ABAPCompiler

1.Whatguaranteestheintegrationofallapplicationmodules?
TheR/3basissystemguaranteestheintegrationofallapplicationmodules.TheR/3basiss/w
providestheruntimeenvironmentfortheR/3applicationsensuresoptimalintegration,definesa
stablearchitecturalframeforsystemenhancements,andcontainstheadministrationtoolsforthe
entiresystem.
Oneofthemaintasksofthebasissystemistoguaranteetheportabilityofthecompletesystem.

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Forums
InterviewQuestionofSAPABAPfor
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SAPABAPToolsusedinRealtime

2.WhatarethecentralinterfacesoftheR/3system?
PresentationInterface.
DatabaseInterface.
OperatingsystemInterface.

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3.Whichinterfacecontrolswhatisshownonthep.c.?
PresentationInterface.
4.WhichinterfaceconvertsSQLrequirementsintheSAPdevelopmentsystemtothoseofthe
database?
DatabaseInterface.
5.WhatisSAPdispatcher?
SAPdispatcheristhecontrolagentthatmanagestheresourcesfortheR/3applications.
6.Whatarethefunctionsofdispatcher?
Equaldistributionoftransactionloadtotheworkprocesses.
Managementofbufferareasinmainmemory.
Integrationofthepresentationlevels.
Organizationofcommunicationactivities.

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7.Whatisaworkprocess?
Aworkprocessiswhereindividualdialogstepsareactuallyprocessedandtheworkisdone.Eachwork
processhandlesonetypeofrequest.
8.NamevariousworkprocessesofR/3system?
DialogorOnline(processesonlyonerequestatatime).
Background(Startedataspecifictime)
Update(primaryorsecondary)
Enque(Lockmechanism).
Spool(generatedonlineorduringbackgroundprocessingforprinting).
9.Explainaboutthetwoservicesthatareusedtodealwithcommunication.
MessageService:Usedbytheapplicationserverstoexchangeshortinternalmessages,allsystem
communications.
GatewayService:EnablescommunicationbetweenR/3andexternalapplicationsusingCPICprotocol.
10.Whichworkprocesstriggersdatabasechanges?
Updateworkprocess.
11.Defineservice(withinR/3)?
Aserviceisaprocessorgroupofprocessesthatperformaspecificsystemfunctionandoftenprovide
anapplicationprogramminginterfaceforotherprocessestocall.
12.Whataretherollandpageareas?
RollandpageareasareSAPR/3buffersusedtostoreusercontexts(processrequests).TheSAP
dispatcherassignsprocessrequeststoworkprocessesastheyarequeuedintherollandpageareas.
Pagingareaholdsdatafromtheapplicationprograms.
Rollareaholdsdatafrompreviousdialogstepsanddatathatcharacterizetheuser.
13.WhatarethedifferentlayersinR/3system?
PresentationLayer.
ApplicationLayer.
DatabaseLayer.
14.Whatarethephasesofbackgroundprocessing?
JobScheduling.
JobProcessing.
JobOverview.
15.WhatcomponentsoftheR/esysteminitiatethestartofbackgroundjobsatthespecified
time?
Thebatchschedulerinitiatesthestartofbackgroundjob.Thedispatcherthensendsthisrequesttoan
availablebackgroundworkprocessforprocessing.
16.DefineInstance.
AninstanceisanadministrativeunitinwhichcomponentsofanR/3systemsprovidingoneormore
servicesaregroupedtogether.Theservicesofferedbyaninstancearestartedandstoppedatrandom.
Allcomponentsareparameterizedusingajointinstanceprofile.AcentralR/3systemconsistsofa
singleinstanceinwhichallnecessarySAPservicesareoffered.Eachinstanceusesseparatebuffer
areas.
17.Fromhardwareperspective,everyinformationsystemcanbedividedintothreetaskareas
Presentation,ApplicationLogicandDataStorage.
TheR/3Basissoftwareishighlysuitableforuseinmultilevelclient/serverarchitectures.
18.WhatareR/3Basisconfigurations?
Acentralsystemwithcentrallyinstalledpresentationsoftware.
Twolevelclient/serversystemwithrolledoutpresentationsoftware.
Twolevelclient/serversystem.PresentationandApplicationrunonthesamecomputer.
Threelevelclient/serversystem.Presentation,Applicationanddatabaseeachrunonseparate
computers.
19.WhatisaServiceinSAPterminology?
Aservicereferstosomethingofferedbyas/wcomponent.

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20.WhatisServerinSAPterminology?
Acomponentcanconsistofoneprocessoragroupandisthencalledtheserverfortherespective
service.
21.WhatisaclientinSAPterminology?
AS/Wcomponentthatusestheservice(offeredbyas/wcomponent)iscalledaClient.Atthesame
timetheseclientsmayalsobeserversforotherservices.
22.WhatisaSAPsystem?
Theunionofalls/wcomponentsthatareassignedtothesamedatabasesiscalledasaSAPsystem.
23.WhatisthemeansofcommunicationsbetweenR/3andexternalapplications?
ThemeansofcommunicationbetweenR/2,R/3andexternalapplicationsisviatheCPIChandleror
SAPGateway,usingtheCPICProtocol.
24.WhatistheprotocolusedbySAPGatewayprocess?
TheSAPGatewayprocesscommunicateswiththeclientsbasedontheTCP/IPProtocol.
25.ExpandCPIC.
CommonProgramInterfaceCommunication.
26.WhatisaSpoolrequest?
Spoolrequestsaregeneratedduringdialogorbackgroundprocessingandplacedinthespool
databasewithinformationabouttheprinterandprintformat.TheactualdataisplacesintheTemSe
(TemporarySequentialobjects).
27.WhataredifferenttypesofLogrecords?
V1andV2.V1mustbeprocessedbeforeV2.But,wecanhavemorethanoneV2logs.
28.WhatarethetypesofUpdaterequests?
Anupdaterequestcanbedividedintooneprimary(V1)andseveralSecondaryupdatecomponents
(V2).TimecriticaloperationsareplacedinV1componentandthosewhosetimingislesscriticalare
placedinV2components.IfaV1updatefails,V2componentswillnotbeprocessed.
29.Dialogworkprocessesperformonlyonedialogstepandthenavailableforthenextrequest.
30.ExplainwhatisatransactioninSAPterminology.
InSAPterminology,atransactionisseriesoflogicallyconnecteddialogsteps.
31.ExplainhowSAPGUIhandlesoutputscreenfortheuser.
TheSAPfrontends/wcaneitherrunonthesamecomputerorondifferentcomputersprovidedforthat
purpose.UserterminalinputisacceptedbytheSAPterminalprogramSAPGUI,convertedtoSAP
proprietaryformatandsenttotheSAPdispatcher.Thedispatchercoordinatestheinformation
exchangebetweentheSAPGUIsandtheworkprocesses.Thedispatcherfirstplacestheprocessing
requestinrequestqueues,whichitthenprocesses.Thedispatcherdispatchestherequestsoneafter
another,totheavailableworkprocess.Theactualprocessingtakesplaceintheworkprocess.When
processingiscomplete,theresultofaworkprocessisreturnedviathedispatchertotheSAPGUI.The
SAPGUIinterpretsthereceiveddataandgeneratestheoutputscreenfortheuser.
DATADICTIONARY
1.WhatarethelayersofdatadescriptioninR/3?
Theexternallayer.
TheABAP/4layer.
Thedatabaselayer.
2.Defineexternallayer?
Theexternallayeristheplaneatwhichtheuserseesandinteractswiththedata,thatis,thedata
formatintheuserinterface.Thisdataformatisindependentofthedatabasesystemused.
3.DefineABAP/4layer?
TheABAP/4layerdescribesthedataformatsusedbytheABAP/4processor.
4.DefineDatabaselayer?
Thedatabaselayerdescribesthedataformatsusedinthedatabase.

5.WhatisaDataClass?
TheDataclassdeterminesinwhichtablespacethetableisstoredwhenitiscreatedinthedatabase.
6.WhatisaSizeCategory?
TheSizecategorydescribestheprobablespacerequirementofthetableinthedatabase.
7.Howmanytypesofsizecategoriesanddataclassesarethere?
Therearefivesizecategories(04)and11dataclassesonlythreeofwhichareappropriatefor
applicationtables:
APPL0Masterdata(datafrequentlyaccessedbutrarelyupdated).
APPL1Transactiondata(datathatischangedfrequently).
APPL2Organizationaldata(customizingdatathatisenteredwhensystemisconfiguredandthen
rarelychanged).
Theothertwotypesare:
USR
USR1Intendedforcustomer'sowndevelopments.
8.Whatarecontroltables?
Thevaluesspecifiedforthesizecategoryanddataclassaremappedtodatabasespecificvaluesvia
controltables.
9.Whatisthefunctionofthetransportsystemandworkbenchorganizer?
ThefunctionofthetransportsystemandtheWorkbenchOrganizeristomanageanychangesmadeto
objectsoftheABAP/4DevelopmentWorkbenchandtotransportthesechangesbetweendifferentSAP
systems.
10.Whatisatablepool?
Atablepool(orpool)isusedtocombineseverallogicaltablesintheABAP/4Dictionary.Thedefinition
ofapoolconsistsofatleasttwokeyfieldsandalongargumentfield(VARDATA).
11.Whatarepooledtables?
Thesearelogicaltables,whichmustbeassignedtoatablepoolwhentheyaredefined.Pooledtables
canbeusedtostorecontroldata(suchasscreensequencesorprogramparameters).
12.Whatisatablecluster?
AtableclustercombinesseverallogicaltablesintheABAP/4Dictionary.Severallogicalrowsfrom
differentclustertablesarebroughttogetherinasinglephysicalrecord.Therecordsfromthecluster
tablesassignedtoaclusterarethusstoredinasinglecommontableinthedatabase.
13.Howcanweaccessthecorrectionandtransportsystem?
EachtimeyoucreateanewobjectorchangeanexistingobjectintheABAP/4Dictionary,youbranch
automaticallytotheWorkbenchOrganizerorcorrectionandtransportsystem.
14.Whichobjectsareindependenttransportobjects?
Domains,Dataelements,Tables,Technicalsettingsfortables,Secondaryindexesfortransparent
tables,Structures,Views,Matchcodeobjects,MatchcodeIds,Lockobjects.
15.HowisconversionofdatatypesdonebetweenABAP/4&DBlayer?
ConversionbetweenABAP/4datatypesandthedatabaselayerisdonewithinthedatabaseinterface.
16.HowisconversionofdatatypesdonebetweenABAP/4&externallevel?
ConversionbetweentheexternallayerandtheABAP/4layerisdoneintheSAPdialogmanagerDYNP.
17.WhataretheDatatypesoftheexternallayer?
ACCP,Char,CLNT,CUKY,CURR,DATS,DESC,FLTP,INT1,INT2,INT4,LANG,LCHR,LRAW,
NUMC,PREC,QUAN,RAW,TIMS,UNIT,VARC.
18.WhataretheDatatypesoftheABAP/4layer?
PossibleABAP/4datatypes:
C:Character.
D:Date,formatYYYYMMDD.
F:FloatingpointnumberinDOUBLEPRECISION(8bytes).
I:Integer.
N:Numericalcharacterstringofarbitrarylength.

P:Amountofcounterfield(packedimplementationdependsonh/wplatform).
S:TimeStampYYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
V:Characterstringofvariablelength,lengthisgiveninthefirsttwobytes.
X:Hexadecimal(binary)storage.
19.Howcanwesetthetablespacesandextentsizes?
Youcanspecifytheextentsizesandthetablespace(physicalstorageareainthedatabase)inwhicha
transparenttableistobestoredbysettingthesizecategoryanddataclass.
20.Whatisthefunctionofthecorrectionsystem?
Thecorrectionsystemmanageschangestointernalsystemcomponents.Suchasobjectsofthe
ABAP/4Dictionary.
21.Whatarelocalobjects?
Localobjects(Devclass$TMP)areindependentofcorrectionandtransportsystem.
22.WhatisaDevelopmentclass?
RelatedobjectsfromtheABAP/4repositoryareassignedtothesamedevelopmentclass.Thisenables
youtocorrectandtransportrelatedobjectsasaunit.
23.Whatisadatadictionary?
DataDictionaryisacentralsourceofdatainadatamanagementsystem.Itsmainfunctionistosupport
thecreationandmanagementofdatadefinitions.Ithasdetailsabout
Whatdataiscontained?
Whataretheattributesofthedata?
Whatistherelationshipexistingbetweenthevariousdataelements?
24.Whatfunctionsdoesadatadictionaryperform?
Inadatamanagementsystem,theprincipalfunctionsperformedbythedatadictionaryare
Managementofdatadefinitions.
Provisionofinformationforevaluation.
Supportfors/wdevelopment.
Supportformdocumentation.
Ensuringthatthedatadefinitionsareflexibleanduptodate.
25.WhatarethefeaturesofABAP/4Dictionary?
Themostimportantfeaturesare:
IntegratedtoaABAP/4DevelopmentWorkbench.
Activeintheruntimeenvironment.
26.WhataretheusesoftheinformationintheDatadictionary?
ThefollowinginformationisdirectlytakenfromtheDatadictionary:
InformationonfieldsdisplayedwithF1help.
PossibleentriesforfieldsdisplayedwithF4help.
Matchcodeandhelpviewssearchutilities.
27.Whatarethebasicobjectsofthedatadictionary?
Tables
Domains
Dataelements
Structures
ForeignKeys
28.Whataretheaggregateobjectsinthedatadictionary?
Views
Matchcodes
Lockobjects.
29.IntheABAP/4DictionaryTablescanbedefinedindependentoftheunderlyingdatabase
(T/F).
True.
30.ABAP/4DictionarycontainstheLogicaldefinitionofthetable.
31.Afieldcontainingcurrencyamounts(datatypeCURR)mustbeassignedtoareference

tableandareferencefield.Explain.
Asareferencetable,asystemcontainingallthevalidcurrenciesisassignedoranyothertable,which
containsafieldwiththecurrencykeyformat.Thisfieldiscalledasreferencefield.Theassignmentof
thefieldcontainingcurrencyamountstothereferencefieldismadeatruntime.Thevalueinthe
referencefielddeterminesthecurrencyoftheamount.
32.Afieldcontainingquantityamounts(datatypeQUAN)mustbeassignedtoareferencetable
andareferencefield.Explain?
Asareferencetable,asystemtablecontainingallthevalidquantityunitsisassignedoranyothertable,
whichcontainsafieldwiththeformatorquantityunits(datatypeUNIT).Thisfieldiscalledasreference
field.
Theassignmentofthefieldcontainingquantityamountstothereferencefieldismadeatruntime.The
valueinthereferencefielddeterminesthequantityunitoftheamount.
33.WhatisthesignificanceofTechnicalsettings(specifiedwhilecreatingatableinthedata
dictionary)?
Byspecifyingtechnicalsettingswecancontrolhowdatabasetablesarecreatedinthedatabase.The
technicalsettingsallowsusto
Optimizestoragespacerequirements.
Tableaccessbehavior.
Bufferingrequired.
Changestoentrieslogged.
34.WhatisaTableattribute?
Thetable'sattributesdeterminewhoisresponsibleformaintainingatableandwhichtypesofaccess
areallowedforthetable.Themostimportanttableattributesare:
Deliveryclass.
Tablemaintenanceallowed.
Activationtype.
35.WhatisthesignificanceofDeliveryClass?
ThedeliveryclasscontrolsthedegreetowhichtheSAPorthecustomerisresponsiblefortable
maintenance.
WhetherSAPprovidesthetablewithorwithoutcontents.
Determinesthetabletype.
Determineshowthetablebehaveswhenitisfirstinstalled,atupgrade,whenitistransported,and
whenaclientcopyisperformed.
36.Whatisthemax.no.Ofstructuresthatcanbeincludedinatableorstructure.
Nine.
37.WhataretwomethodsofmodifyingSAPstandardtables?
AppendStructuresand
CustomizingIncludes.
38.WhatisthedifferencebetweenaSubstructureandanAppendStructure?
Incaseofasubstructure,thereferenceoriginatesinthetableitself,intheformofastatement
include.
Incaseofanappendstructure,thetableitselfremainsunchangedandthereferenceoriginatesinthe
appendstructure.
39.Tohowmanytablescananappendstructurebeassigned.
One.
40.Ifatablethatistobeextendedcontainsalongfield,wecannotuseappendstructures
why?
Longfieldsinatablemustalwaysbelocatedintheend,asthelastfieldofthetable.Ifatablehasan
appendstructuretheappendlinemustalsobeonthelastfieldofthetable.
41.CanweincludecustomizingincludeoranappendstructurewithPooledorClustertables?
No.
42.Whatarethetwowaysforrestrictingthevaluerangeforadomain?
Byspecifyingfixedvalues.
Bystipulatingavaluetable.

43.Structurescancontaindataonlyduringtheruntimeofaprogram(T/F)
True.
44.WhataretheaggregateobjectsintheDictionary?
Views
MatchCode.
LockObject.
45.Whatarebasetablesofanaggregateobject?
Thetablesmakingupanaggregateobject(primaryandsecondary)arecalledaggregateobject.
46.Thedataofaviewisnotphysicallystored,butderivedfromoneormoretables(t/f)
True.
47.Whatarethe2othertypesofViews,whicharenotallowedinRelease3.0?
StructureViews.
EntityViews.
48.WhatisaMatchCode?
Matchcodeisatooltohelpustosearchfordatarecordsinthesystem.MatchCodesareanefficient
anduserfriendlysearchaidwherekeyofarecordisunknown.
49.WhatarethetwolevelsindefiningaMatchCode?
MatchCodeObject.
MatchCodeId.
50.WhatisthemaxnoofmatchcodeId'sthatcanbedefinedforoneMatchcodeobject?
AmatchcodeIdisaonecharacterIDthatcanbealetteroranumber.
51.CanwedefineourownMatchCodeID'sforSAPMatchcodes?
Yes,thenumber0to9arereservedforustocreateourownMatchCodeIdsforaSAPdefined
Matchcodeobject.
52.WhatisanUpdatetypewithreferencetoaMatchcodeID?
IfthedatainoneofthebasetablesofamatchcodeIDchanges,thematchcodedatahastobe
updated.Theupdatetypestipulateswhenthematchcodeistobeupdatedandhowitistobedone.
TheupdatetypealsospecifieswhichmethodistobeusedforBuildingmatchcodes.Youmustspecify
theupdatetypewhenyoudefineamatchcodeID.
53.CanmatchcodeobjectcontainIdswithdifferentupdatetypes?
Yes.
54.Whataretheupdatetypespossible?
Thefollowingupdatetypesarepossible:
UpdatetypeA:Thematchcodedataisupdatedasynchronouslytodatabasechanges.
UpdatetypeS:Thematchcodedataisupdatedsynchronouslytodatabasechanges.
UpdatetypeP:Thematchcodedataisupdatedbytheapplicationprogram.
UpdatetypeI:Accesstothematchcodedataismanagedusingadatabaseview.
UpdatetypeL:Accesstothematchcodeisachievedbycallingafunctionmodule.
55.Whatarethetwodifferentwaysofbuildingamatchcodeobject?
Amatchcodecanbebuiltintwodifferentways:
Logicalstructure:Thematchcodedataissetuptemporarilyatthemomentwhenthematchcodeis
accessed.(UpdatetypeI,k).
PhysicalStructure:Thematchcodedataisphysicallystoredinaseparatetableinthedatabase.
(UpdatetypeA,S,P).
56.WhatarethedifferencesbetweenaDatabaseindexandamatchcode?
Matchcodecancontainfieldsfromseveraltableswhereasanindexcancontainfieldsfromonlyone
table.
Matchcodeobjectscanbebuiltontransparenttablesandpooledandclustertables.
57.WhatisthefunctionofaDomain?
Adomaindescribesthetechnicalsettingsofatablefield.

Adomaindefinesavaluerange,whichsetsthepermissibledatavaluesforthefields,whichrefersto
thisdomain.
Asingledomaincanbeusedasbasisforanynumberoffieldsthatareidenticalinstructure.
58.Canyoudeleteadomain,whichisbeingusedbydataelements?
No.
59.Whatareconversionroutines?
Nonstandardconversionsfromdisplayformattosapinternalformatandviceversaareimplemented
withsocalledconversionroutines.
60.Whatisthefunctionofadataelement?
Adataelementdescribestheroleplayedbyadomaininatechnicalcontext.Adataelementcontains
semanticinformation.
61.Canadomain,assignedtoadataelementbechanged?
Yes.Wecandosobyjustoverwritingtheentryinthefielddomain.
62.Canyoudeletedataelement,whichisbeingusedbytablefields.
No.
63.Canyoudefineafieldwithoutadataelement?
Yes.Ifyouwanttospecifynodataelementandthereforenodomainforafield,youcanenterdatatype
andfieldlengthandashorttextdirectlyinthetablemaintenance.
64.Whatarenullvalues?
Ifthevalueofafieldinatableisundefinedorunknown,itiscalledanullvalue.
65.Whatisthedifferencebetweenastructureandatable?
Structuresareconstructedthealmostthesamewayastables,theonlydifferenceusingthatno
databasetableisgeneratedfromthem.
66.Whatisaview?
Aviewisalogicalviewononeormoretables.Aviewononeormoretablesi.e.,thedatafromaviewis
notactuallyphysicallystoredinsteadbeingderivedfromoneormoretables.
67.HowmanytypesofViewsarethere?
DatabaseView
HelpView
ProjectionView
MaintenanceView
68.WhatisLocking?
Whentwouserssimultaneouslyattempttoaccessthesamedatarecord,thisissynchronizedbyalock
mechanism.
69.Whatisdatabaseutility?
DatabaseutilityistheinterfacebetweentheABAP/4DictionaryandtheunderlyingtheSAPsystem.
70.WhatarethebasicfunctionsofDatabaseutility?
TUTORIALS
FORUMS
BOOKS
INTERVIEWQUESTIONS
ABAP
Thebasicfunctionsofdatabaseutilityare:
Createdatabaseobjects.
Deletedatabaseobjects.
AdjustdatabaseobjectstochangedABAP/4dictionarydefinition.

TRANSACTIONCODES

71.WhatisRepositoryInfo.Systems?
ItisatoolwithwhichyoucanmakedatastoredintheABAP/4Dictionaryavailable.
MODULARIZATION
1.DoeseveryABAP/4haveamodularstructure?
Yes.
2.WhatisModularizationanditsbenefits?
Iftheprogramcontainsthesameorsimilarblocksofstatementsoritisrequiredtoprocessthesame

functionseveraltimes,wecanavoidredundancybyusingmodularizationtechniques.Bymodularizing
theABAP/4programswemakethemeasytoreadandimprovetheirstructure.Modularizedprograms
arealsoeasiertomaintainandtoupdate.

3.NametheABAP/4Modularizationtechniques.
Sourcecodemodule.
Subroutines.
Functions.
4.HowcanwecreatecallablemodulesofprogramcodewithinoneABAP/4program?
BydefiningMacros.
Bycreatingincludeprogramsinthelibrary.
5.Mistheattributetypeofthemoduleprogram.
6.Isitpossibletopassdatatoandfromincludeprogramsexplicitly?
No.Ifitisrequiredtopassdatatoandfrommodulesitisrequiredtousesubroutinesorfunction
modules.
7.Whataresubroutines?
Subroutinesareprogrammodules,whichcanbecalledfromotherABAP/4programsorwithinthesame
program.
8.WhatarethetypesofSubroutines?
InternalSubroutines:ThesourcecodeoftheinternalsubroutineswillbeinthesameABAP/4program
asthecallingprocedure(internalcall).
ExternalSubroutines:ThesourcecodeoftheexternalsubroutineswillbeinanABAP/4programother
thanthecallingprocedure.
9.ItisnotpossibletocreateanABAP/4program,whichcontainsonlySubroutines(T/F).
False.
10.Asubroutinecancontainnestedformandendformblocks.(T/F)
False.
11.DatacanbepassedbetweencallingprogramsandthesubroutinesusingParameters.
12.Whatarethedifferenttypesofparameters?
FormalParameters:Parameters,whicharedefinedduringthedefinitionofsubroutinewiththeFORM
statement.
ActualParameters:ParameterswhicharespecifiedduringthecallofasubroutinewiththePERFORM
statement.
13.Howcanonedistinguishbetweendifferentkindsofparameters?
Inputparametersareusedtopassdatatosubroutines.
Outputparametersareusedtopassdatafromsubroutines.
Like
14.Whatarethedifferentmethodsofpassingdata?

285

15
Callingbyreference:Duringasubroutinecall,onlytheaddressoftheactualparameteristransferred
totheformalparameters.Theformalparameterhasnomemoryofitsown,andweworkwiththefield
TUTORIALS
FORUMS
BOOKS
INTERVIEWQUESTIONS
TRANSACTIONCODES
ABAP
ofthecallingprogramwithinthesubroutine.Ifwechangetheformalparameter,thefieldcontentsinthe
callingprogramalsochanges.
Callingbyvalue:Duringasubroutinecall,theformalparametersarecreatedascopiesoftheactual
parameters.Theformalparametershavememoryoftheirown.Changestotheformalparameters
havenoeffectontheactualparameters.
Callingbyvalueandresult:Duringasubroutinecall,theformalparametersarecreatedascopiesof
theactualparameters.Theformalparametershavetheirownmemoryspace.Changestotheformal
parametersarecopiedtotheactualparametersattheendofthesubroutine.

15.ThemethodbywhichinternaltablesarepassedisByReference.
16.HowcananinternaltablewithHeaderlineandonewithoutheaderlinebedistinguished
whenpassedtoasubroutine?
Itab[]isusedintheformandendformiftheinternaltableispassedwithaheaderline.

ASKUS!

Getsolutionsfromourexperts!

17.WhatshouldbedeclaredexplicitlyinthecorrespondingABAP/4Statementstoaccess
internaltableswithoutheaderlines&why?
WorkArea.ThisisrequiredastheWorkAreaistheinterfacefortransferringdatatoandfromthetable.

18.AsubroutinecanbeterminatedunconditionallyusingEXIT.(T/F)
True.
19.AsubroutinecanbeterminateduponaconditionusingCHECKStatement.
20.FunctionModulesarealsoexternalSubroutines.(T/F).
True.

21.WhatisthedifferencebetweenthefunctionmoduleandanormalABAP/4subroutine?
Incontrasttonormalsubroutinesfunctionmoduleshaveuniquelydefinedinterface.Declaringdataas
commonpartsisnotpossibleforfunctionmodules.Functionmodulesarestoredinacentrallibrary.
22.Whatisafunctiongroup?
Afunctiongroupisacollectionoflogicallyrelatedmodulesthatshareglobaldatawitheachother.All
themodulesinthegroupareincludedinthesamemainprogram.WhenanABAP/4programcontainsa
CALLFUNCTIONstatement,thesystemloadstheentirefunctiongroupinwiththeprogramcodeat
runtime.Everyfunctionmodulebelongstoafunctiongroup.
23.Whatisthedisadvantageofacallbyreference?
Duringacallbyreferencedamageorlossofdataisnotrestrictedtothesubroutine,butwillinstantly
leadtochangestotheoriginaldataobjects.
24.AfunctionmodulecanbecalledfromatransactionscreenoutsideanABAP/4program.
(T/F).
True.
25.Whatisanupdatetask?
ItisanSAPprovidedprocedureforupdatingadatabase.
26.Whathappensifafunctionmodulerunsinanupdatetask?
Thesystemperformsthemoduleprocessingasynchronously.Insteadofcarryingoutthecall
immediately,thesystemwaitsuntilthenextdatabaseupdateistriggeredwiththe'COMMITWORK'
command.
27.ThefunctionmodulesarecreatedandstoredintheFunctionLibrary.
28.Whenafunctionmoduleisactivatedsyntaxcheckingisperformedautomatically.(Y/N)
True.
29.WhatistheuseoftheRAISINGexception?
Theraisingexceptiondetermineswhetherthecallingprogramwillhandletheexceptionitselforleave
theexceptiontothesystem.
Like
285

15
30.Whatisthedifferencebetweeninternaltablesandextractdatasets?
Thelinesofaninternaltablealwayshavethesamestructure.Byusingextractdatasets,youcan
TUTORIALS
FORUMS
BOOKS
INTERVIEWQUESTIONS
TRANSACTIONCODES
ABAP
handlegroupsofdatawithdifferentstructureandgetstatisticalfiguresfromthegroupeddata.
Youhavetodefinethestructureoftheinternaltableatthebeginning.Youneednotdefinethe
structureoftheextractdataset.
Incontrasttointernaltables,thesystempartlycompressesexactdatasetswhenstoringthem.This
reducesthestoragespacerequired.
Internaltablesrequirespecialworkareaforinterfacewhereasextractdatasetsdonotneedaspecial
workareaforinterface.

31.Itispossibletoassignalocaldataobjectdefinedinasubroutineorfunctionmoduletoa
fieldgroup.(T/F).
False.
32.Whatisthedifferencebetweenfieldgroupheaderandotherfieldgroups?
Theheaderfieldgroupisaspecialfieldgroupforthesortcriteria.Thesystemautomaticallyprefixes
anyotherfieldgroupswiththeheaderfieldgroup.

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33.Canafiledoccurinseveralfieldgroups.
Yes.Butitleadstounnecessarydataredundancy.

34.WhensortingtheextractdatasetthefieldsusedasdefaultsortkeylieintheHeaderfield
group.
35.Whatdoestheinsertstatementinextractdatasetsdo?
Itdefinesthefieldsofafieldgroup.
36.Whatdoestheextractstatementdoinextractdatasets?
Thedataiswrittentovirtualmemorybyextractcommands.
37.Afieldgroupsstatementoraninsertstatementreversesstoragespaceandtransfers
values.(T/F).
False.
38.Whileusingextractdatasetsitisrequiredtohaveaspecialworkareaforinterface(T/F)
False.
39.TheLOOPENDLOOPonextractdatasetscanbeusedwithoutanykindoferrors(T/F)
False.Itcausesruntimeerrors.
40.TheMaximumnoofkeyfieldsthatcanbeusedinaheaderis50.
41.Whilesortingfieldgroupswecannotusemorethanonekeyfield(T/F).
False.
42.Whilesorting,ifthemainstorageavailableisnotenough,thesystemwritesdatatoan
externalhelpfile.
TheSAPprofileparameter,whichdeterminesthishelpfile,isDIR_SORTTMP.
43.Theextractstatementsinfieldgroupscanbeusedbeforeorafterprocessingthesort
statements.(T/F)
FALSE.
LOGICALDATABASE
1.PreparationofthedatarecordsbytheL.D.Bandreadingofthedatarecordsintheactual
reportareaccomplishedwiththecommandpairPutandGet.
2.ThethreemainelementsofLDBareStructure,Selections,andDatabaseProgram.
3.InLDBwhatdetermineshierarchyofthetables?
Structure.
4.Ingeneralwhatarethetwowaysinwhichonecanretrievedatafromtables?
UsingSelectstatements,DatabaseProgram.
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5.WithLDBonecanmodifythepregeneratedselectionscreentotheirneeds(T/F).
Yes.
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6.LogicaldatabasesareprogramsthatreaddatafromDatabasetables(DictionaryStructures).
7.TheeventGetLATEprocessalltablesthatarehierarchicallysuperiortothe
.(True/False)
False.Itprocessesalltablesthatarehierarchicallyinferiortothe
.
8.TheDatabaseProgramofLDBisacollectionofSUBROUTINES,whichselectsdataand
passesittothereport.
9.ThelayoutoftheDatabaseprogramisdeterminedbybothStructureandSelections.

10.TheorderinwhichdataismadeavailabletothereportdependsonStructureoftheLDB.

11.ApartfromthestructureandselectionsoftheLDBtheGETstatementsinthereport
determinesthebehaviorofthedatabaseatruntime.
12.NodeatthehighestlevelinthestructureisknownasRoot.
13.Therecanbemorethanonenodeatthehighestlevelinthestructure.(T/F)
False.OnecandefineonlyonenodeatthehighestlevelinthestructureonLDB.
14.AllnodesinthestructureofLDBneednotbedefinedintheABAP/4Dictionary(T/F).
False.OnehastodefineallnodesintheDictionaryoronehastoselectallnodesthatare
definedintheDictionary.
15.ItisnotpossibletouseABAP/4DictionaryStructureswithoutanunderlyingdatabaseusing
LDB.(T/F)
True.Onecanuseadditionallyrelatedtables,alongwiththetablesdefinedinthestructureof
LDB.
16.Dynamicselectionsallowtheusertodefinefurtherselectionsfordatabaseaccessin
additiontotheselectioncriteriaalreadydefinedintheLDBselections.
17.CheckstatementcanbeusedalongwiththeeventGETinthereportforcheckingthe
selections,whicharenottablespecificvalues.
18.InsenseofDatabaseManagementSystem(DBMS)LOGICALDATABASEisadatabase
Structure.(T/F).
False.
19.ItisnotnecessarytomaintaintheParentChildrelationshipbetweenthetablesinLogical
DatabaseStructure.(T/F)
False.OnehastomaintaintheParentChildrelationship.
20.Isitpossibletoextractdatafromtableswithoutusingtheevent'GET'inthereportwithan
appropriateLDB.(T/F).
False.OnecanextractdatafromtablesusingSelectstatementsinareport,thoughthereportis
havingaLDBattribute.
21.WhatsortsoftablesonecanseindesigningthehierarchyofaLDB?
Tables,whicharehavingForeignKeyrelations.
22.Areportprogram,whichusesonlySELECTstatements,iscalledSQLReport.
23.OnecannotuseSELECTstatementsinareportprogramlinkedtoaLogicalDatabase(T/F).
False.
24.IsittruethattheLogicalDatabasereadsthedatafromthedatabasetablesusingSelect
Statements(T/F).
Yes.WearecodingthatinDatabasepartofLDB.
25.InareportwithanLDBattribute,youdonothavetodefinehowtheinformationshouldbe
retrievedfromthedatabasetables,butonlyhowthedatashouldberepresentedonthescreen.
Like
(T/F).

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True.

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26.OnecanusetheeventGETinareportwithoutLDBattribute.(T/F).
False.
27.ThelastcharacteroftheLDBnamedenotesApplication.
28.ThestructureofLogicalDatabasesreflectstheForeignKeydependenciesofhierarchical
tablesintheSAPsystem.
29.ItismandatorythatforeachtableintheLDBhierarchythereshouldexistoneGET
statementinthereport.(T/F).
False.Itisnotnecessary.
30.WhathappensifareportdoesnotcontainaGETstatementforaparticularnodeofa
LogicalDatabase.
Processwilltransfertothenextevent.


31.InaLogicalDatabase,onecandefineinputfieldsontheselectionscreenwithSelect
OptionsandParametersstatements.

32.Supposealogicaldatabaseprogramcontainsthefollowinglines:
SELECTOPTIONSCONNIDFORSPFLICONNID.
PARAMETERSCARRIDLIKESFLIGHTCARRIDFORTABLESFLIGHT.
Whatwillbetheoutput,fortheabovetwostatements?
Onlyselectoptionsconnidforspflicarridwillbedisplayedonthescreen.
33.ConsiderareportwithF1Sattribute,whatwillbetheoutputforthefollowingcode.
Whetheryouwillgetthedatafromspfliandsflightornot,withcorrespondingtablesstatement,
GETSPFLI.
GETSFLIGHT.
Write:/spflicarrid,spfliconnid,sflightfldate,sbookbookid.
Yes,youwillgetthedatafromspfliandsflight.
34.ConsiderareportwithF1Sattribute,whatwillbetheoutputofthefollowingcode.
Whetheryouwillgetthedatafromsbookornot,withcorrespondingtablesstatement.
GETSPFLI.
GETSFLIGHT.
Write:/spflicarrid,spfliconnid,sflightfldate,sbookbookid.
Youcannotextractdatafromsbook.
35.Identifyanyerrorsinthefollowingcodeandcorrectthesame,andwhatwillbetheoutput.
Ifthereexistscorrespondingtablesstatement,forspfli,sflight,sbook.
GETSPFLI.
GETSBOOK.
Write:/spflicarrid,spfliconnid,sflightfldate,sbookbookid,sbookclass.
Nosyntaxerrors.Youwillgetdatafromallthethreetables.
36.Doesthefollowingtwostatementsdothesametask?
Ifsowhichonetakeslesstimeandwhichoneisrecommended.
Select*fromspfliwherespflicarrid='LH'andspfliconnid='400'.
Endselect.
Select*fromspfli.Check:spflicarrid='LH'andspflidconnid='400'.
Endselect.
Yestheywilldothesametask.SecondSelectstatementtakeslesstimeandisrecommended.
37.Ifyouwanttoimprovetheresponsetime(timetoaccessdata)LogicalDatabasespermits
youtoachievethisusingVIEWS.
38.Isthereanyupperlimit(max)tothepossiblenumberofnodesinalogicaldatabase
structure?Ifsowhatisthelimit?
Yes,thereisanupperlimitfordefiningnumberofnodesinaLogicalDatabaseStructure.
Maximumnodes=1200/lengthwherelength=max.Lengthofnameinthestructure.
Like
39.InthestructureofLogicalDatabasenodesatdifferentlevelsaredisplayedinthesame

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columns.(T/F)
Iffalsewhattypesofnodesaredisplayedinthesamecolumns.Iftruewhattypeofnodesare
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notdisplayedinthesamecolumns.
False.Nodesatsamelevelsaredisplayedinthesamecolumns.

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40.WhataretheadvantagesofLogicalDatabases?
Itoffersaneasytouseselectionscreens.Youcanmodifythepregeneratedselectionscreen
toyourneeds.Itofferscheckfunctionstocheckwhetheruserinputiscomplete,correct,and
plausible.Itoffersreasonabledataselections.Itcontainscentralauthorizationchecksfordata
baseaccesses.Enhancementssuchasimprovedperformanceimmediatelyapplytoallreport
programsthatusethelogicaldatabase.
41.ThoughalltheABAP/4DictionaryStructuresthatexistsinthestructureoftheLDB,being
definedinDatabaseProgram,wearedefiningtheDictionaryStructuresintheReport.Whatis
thereasonforsuchdeclaration?
BydeclaringsoweareprovidingworkareasfordatapassingbetweenLogicalDatabaseand
Report.Inaddition,thelogicaldatabaseconfigurestheselectionscreendependingonthe

selectionofdatabasetables.

42.IsitmandatorytodeclareallthetablesinReportbythekeywordtablesforallthetables
thatexistinthestructureofLDB,andarebeingdefinedintheDatabasepartofLDB.
No,Itisnotmandatorytodeclarealltablesinreport.
43.IfonewantstoaccessdatausingLogicalDatabase,theuseofeventsisunavoidable.(T/F).
True.
REPORTGENERATIONFORMATTING
1.Thealignmentofatype'c'fieldinareportisleftAligned.
2.InthestatementWrite:/15(10)Ofallifnr.whatdothenumber15and10standfor15standfor
theoffsetonthescreenand10standsforthefieldlengthdisplayed.
3.Specifythedefaultalignmentforthefollowingfieldtypes:
'D'Left,'F'Right,'N'Left,'I'Right,'T'Left.
4.Ifs_timehasthevalue'123456'howwouldyougetanoutputof12:34:56withasingle'Write:'
statement.
Write:s_timeusingeditmask'::'.
5.InordertosuppresstheleadingzeroesofanumberfieldthekeywordsusedareNOZERO.
6.ThetotalnoofdateformatsthatcanbeusedtodisplayadateduringoutputisMM/DD/YY,
DD/MM/YY,DD/MM/YYYY,MM/DD/YYYY,MMDDYY,DDMMYY,YYMMDD.
7.TheUNDERCommandallowsforverticalalignmentoffieldsonebelowtheother.
8.InordertoconcatenatestringsonlyforoutputpurposesthecommandNOGAPcanbeused
inconjunctionwiththe'Write'statement.
9.Thenoofdecimalplacesforoutputcanbedefineswithinawritestatement.(T/F).
TRUE.Write:/decimals2.
10.Datacanbemovedfromonefieldtoanotherusinga'Write:'Statementandstoredinthe
desiredformat.(T/F).
TRUE.Write:Date_1toDate_2formatDD/MM/YY.
11.InthestatementWrite:/15(10)lfa1lifnr.Thevalues15and11canalsobedefinedby
variables(T/F).
False.
12.Differentiatebetweenthefollowingtwostatementsifany.
ULINE.
Write:syuline.
Nodifference.Exceptthatulineisusedoutsidethe'Write'Statement.

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13.Inordertoskipasinglelinethenumberoflinesneednotbegivenasanassignment(T/F)
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TRUE.
14.The"SKIPTOLINElinenumber"isdependentontheLINECOUNTstatementincludedin
thereportstatementoftheprogram.
15.InordertoskipcolumnsthecommandusedisPOSITION.
16.InordertohaveboldfacedtextasoutputthecommandusedisWrite:INTENSIFIED.
17.BackgroundandforegroundcolorscanbeinterchangedusingthecommandFormat
Inverse.
18.Inordertorestorethesystemdefaultsforallchangesmadewiththeformatstatementis
FormatReset.

19.LikeULINEthestatementVLINEisusedtoinsertverticallines.(T/F).
False.

20.Suppressingthenumbersigns(+/)iscarriedoutusingtheadditionNOSIGNStotheWrite
statement.(T/F).
False.
21.IfSYUZEIThasthevalue6:34:45itcanbedisplayedas063445usingNoEditMask.
22.Ifthevariable"Text"hasthevalue'ABCDEF'theoutputforthestatement"Write:/Text+2(3)"
willbe"CDE"
23.Thefieldsspecifiedbyselectoptionsandparametersstatementcannotbegrouped
togetherintheselectionscreen.(T/F).
False.
24.Whencallinganexternalreporttheparametersorselectoptionsspecifiedintheexternal
reportcannotbecalled.(T/F)
FALSE.
25.SelectionTextsinthetextelementsoftheprogramhelpsinchangingthedisplayednames
ofvariablesintheparametersstatement.
26.TypeFdatatypecannotbeusedtodefineparameters.
27.Roundingoffofvaluescanbecarriedoutusingthewritestatement.(T/F).
TRUE
28.Howwouldyoudefinetheexponentsforatype'f'field?
Exponent.
29.Howwouldyouformattheoutputasleft,centeredorrightjustifiedusingthewrite
statement.
Leftjustified,Centered,Rightjustified.
30.IfthesameformattingoptionswereusedforaWRITEstatementthatfollowstheFORMAT
statement,whichsettingswouldtakeprecedence.
ThesettingsintheWriteStatement.
31.Foreachnewevent,thesystemresetsallformattingoptionstotheirdefaultvalues(T/F)
TRUE.
32.AllformattingoptionshavethedefaultvalueOFF.(T/F).
TRUE.
33.Howwouldyousettheformattingoptionsstaticallyanddynamicallywithinareport?
Statically:FORMAT[ON|OFF].
Like
Dynamically:FORMAT==.

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34.ThepagefooterisdefinedusingthestatementENDOFPAGE.
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35.TheprocessingblockfollowingENDOFPAGEisprocessedonlyifyoureservelinesforthe
footerintheLINECOUNToptionoftheREPORTstatement.(T/F)
TRUE.
36.Toexecuteapagebreakundertheconditionthatlessthanacertainnumberoflinesisleft
onapageisachievedbyRESERVEnlines.
37.TheRESERVEstatementonlytakeseffectifoutputiswrittentothesubsequentpage.No
blankpagesarecreatedanditdefinesablockoflinesthatmustbeoutputasawhole.(T/F).
TRUE.
38.TosetthenextoutputlinetothefirstlineofablockoflinesdefinedwiththeRESERVE
statementthestatementBACKisused.

39.Whatisthelimitforthelengthofapageifthepagelengthisnotspecifiedinthereport
statement.
60,000lines.

40.Howwouldyoustarttheprintingprocessfromwithintheprogramwhilecreatingalist?
NEWPAGEPRINTON.
41.Youcanchangethewidthofpageswithinlistlevelstriggeredbypagebreaks.(T/F).
FALSE.
42.Hotspotsarespecialareasofanoutputlistusedtotriggerevents.(T/F).
TRUE.
43.Todesignatefieldsashotspotsatruntime,useFORMATHOTSPOT=.
44.HorizontallinescreatedwithULINEandblanklinescreatedwithSKIPcanbeformattedas
hotspots.(T/F).
FALSE.
45.Howwouldyousuppressthedisplayofaparameterontheselectionscreen?
Parameters
..NoDisplay.
46.Canyouassignamatchcodeobjecttoaparameter?Ifsohow?
Yes.PARAMETERS
..MATCHCODEOBJECT..
47.ForeachSELECTOPTIONSstatement,thesystemcreatesaselectiontable.(T/F)
TRUE.
48.Topositionasetofparametersorcommentsonasinglelineontheselectionscreen,you
mustdeclaretheelementsinablockenclosedby
SELECTIONSCREENBEGINOFLINE.
..
SELECTIONSCREENENDOFLINE.
49.HowcanSymbolsorR/3iconsbeoutputonthescreen?
WRITEASSYMBOL.
WRITEASICON.
50.Inthestandardsetting,youcannotcreateemptylineswiththeWRITEstatementalone.
(T/F).
TRUE.
REPORTINGGENERAL
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1.Thesystemfield,whichindicatessuccessorfailureofaSQLoperation,isSYSUBRC.
2.WhatisthesyntaxforspecifyingdatabasetablenameatruntimeinSELECTstatement.
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NAME='SPFL1'.
SELECT*FROM(NAME).
.
.
ENDSELECT.

3.Howdoyoureadselectedlinesofdatabasetableintoaninternaltableinpackagesof
predefinedsize.
SELECT*FROMINTOTABLEPACKAGESIZE.
Wherenisvariable.
4.NametheWILDCARDcharacterswhichareusedforcomparisonswithcharacterstrings&
numericstrings.'%'and''.
5.InSELECTstatementscanyouspecifyavariableinWHEREconditionorapartofthe

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condition,ifsowhatisthesyntax.
SELECT*FROM

WHERE.
6.NametheABAP/4keywords,whichareusedtochangethecontentsofdatabasetable.
UPDATEorMODIFY.
7.Howtospecifyaclientfordatabasetableprocessing.
TABLESSPFLI.
SELECT*FROMSPFLICLIENTSPECIFIEDWHEREMANDTBETWEEN'001'AND'003'.
..
ENDSELECT.
8.HowdoyouwriteaDATAobjectfromABAP/4programtoABAP/4memoryandrestorethe
samefrommemorytoprogram.
EXPORT[FROM][FROM].TOMEMORYID.
TheID,whichcanbeupto32characterslong,identifiesthedatainmemory.
9.WhatareDATACLUSTERS?
YoucangroupanycomplexinternaldataobjectsofanABAP/4programtogetherindata
clustersandstorethemtemporarilyinABAP/4memoryorforlongerperiodsindatabases.You
canstoredataclustersinspecialdatabasesoftheABAP/4Dictionary.Thesedatabasesare
knownasABAP/4clusterdatabasesandhaveapredefinedstructure.Storingadataclusteris
specifictoABAP/4.AlthoughyoucanalsoaccessclusterdatabasesusingSQLstatements,
onlyABAP/4statementsareabletodecodethestructureofthestoreddatacluster.
10.StatementsusedtodeletedataobjectsinABAP/4memoryFREEMEMORY[ID].
11.Howwillyoucreateafileonapplicationserver.
Opendatasetforoutput.
12.ABAP/4statementforopeningafileonapplicationserverforreadingOpendatasetfor
input.
13.Howwillyoutransferdataintoafileinapplicationserver?
Datafname(60)value'mYFILE'.
Datanumtypei.
Opendatasetfnameforoutput.
Do10times.
Num=Num+1.
Transfernumtofname.
Enddo.
.etc.
14.NamethefunctionmodulestowritedatafromanInternalTabletothePresentationServer.
DOWNLOADandWS_DOWNLOAD.
Like
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15
15.NamethefunctionmodulethatcanbeusedtogiveinformationaboutfilesonPresentation
ServerandaboutitsOperatingSystem.
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16.NametheABAP/4keyword,whichisusedtocleartheHeaderlineofanInternalTable.
CLEAR.
17.NamethefunctionmodulestoreaddatafromPresentationServerintoanInternalTable.
UPLOADandWS_UPLOAD.
18.NametheABAP/4keywordstoinitializeanInternalTablewithandwithoutheaderline.
REFRESH.
19.Howtodeterminetheattributesofaninternaltable?
DESCRIBETABLE[LINES][OCCURS].
20.NametheABAP/4keywordforsearchingastringinanInternalTable.

SEARCHFOR.
Thedifferentoptions()forthesearchinaninternaltableare:
ABBREVIATED
Searchestableforawordcontainingthecharacterstringspecifiedin,whereothercharacters
mightseparatethecharacters.Thefirstletterofthewordandthestringmustbethesame.
STARTINGAT
Searchestablefor,startingatline.<lin1>canbeavariable.
ENDINGAT
Searchestableforuptoline.canbeavariable.
ANDMARK
Ifthesearchstringisfound,allthecharactersinthesearchstring(andallthecharactersin
betweenwhenusingABBREVIATED)areconvertedtouppercase.

21.Whatarethedifferentattributesthatcanbeassignedtoavariant?
Thedifferentattributesthatcanbeassignedtoavariantare.
Description
Enterashort,meaningfuldescriptionofthevariant.Thismaybeupto30characterslong.
Backgroundonly
Specifywhetheryouwanttousethevariantinbackgroundprocessingonly,orinonline
environmentaswell.
Protectedvariant.
Markthefieldifyouwanttoprotectyourvariantagainstbeingchangedbyotherusers.
Donotdisplayvariant.
Markthisfieldifyouwantthevariantnametobedisplayedinthecatalogonly,butnotinthe
F4valuelist.
Fortheselectionsyoucoverinavariant,youcanenterthefollowingattributes:
Type
Thesystemdisplayswhetherthefieldisaparameteroraselectoption.
Protected
Markthisfieldforeachfieldontheselectionscreenyouwanttoprotectfrombeing
overwritten.Valuesthatyoumarkthiswayaredisplayedtotheusers,buttheycannotchange
them,thataretheyarenotreadytoacceptinput.
Invisible
Ifyoumarkthiscolumn,thesystemwillnotdisplaythecorrespondingfieldontheselection
screentheuserseeswhenstartingthereportprogram.
Variable
Markthiscolumnifyouwanttosetthevalueforthisfieldatruntime.
22.IsitpossibletocreatenewdynamicprogramsduringruntimeofanABAP/4program?Ifso
how?
TocreatenewdynamicprogramsduringtheruntimeofanABAP/4program,youmustusean
internaltable.Forthispurpose,youshouldcreatethisinternaltablewithonecharactertype
columnandalinewidthof72.YoucanuseanymethodyoulikefromFillingInternalTablesto
writethecodeofyournewprogramintotheinternaltable.Especially,youcanuseinternal
fieldsinwhichcontentsaredependentontheflowoftheprogramthatyouusetocreateanew
one,toinfluencethecodingofthenewprogramdynamically.Thefollowingexampleshows
howtoproceedinprincipal:
Like
DATACODE(72)OCCURS10.

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APPEND'REPORTZDYN1.'
TOCODE.
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APPEND'WRITE/"Hello,Iamdynamicallycreated!".'
TOCODE.
TwolinesofaverysimpleprogramarewrittenintotheinternaltableCODE.
Inthenextstepyouhavetoputthenewmodule,intheaboveexampleitisareport,intothe
library.Forthispurposeyoucanusethefollowingstatement:
Syntax
INSERTREPORTFROM.
TheprogramisinsertedinyourpresentdevelopmentclassintheR/3Repository.Ifaprogram
withthisnamedoesnotalreadyexists,itisnewlycreatedwiththefollowingattributes:
Title:none,
Type:1(Reporting),
Application:S(Basis).
Youcanspecifythenameoftheprogramexplicitlywithinsinglequotationmarksoryoucan
writethenameofacharacterfield,whichcontainstheprogramname.Thenameoftheprogram
mustnotnecessarilybethesameasgiveninthecoding,butitisrecommendedtodoso.isthe

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internaltablecontainingthesourcecode.Fortheaboveexampleyoucouldwrite:
INSERTREPORT'ZDYN1'FROMCODE.
Or
DATAREP(8).
REP='ZDYN1'
INSERTREPORTREPFROMCODE.

23.Datatypescanbeelementaryorstructured(T/F).
TRUE.
24.TheamountofmemoryassociatedwithadatatypeisZERO.
25.Dataobjectsarethephysicalunitsaprogramusesatruntime.(T/F).
TRUE.
26.Thedataobjectdoesnotoccupyanyspaceinmemory.(T/F)
FALSE.
27.Whatarethethreehierarchicallevelsofdatatypesandobjects?
Programindependentdata,definedintheABAP/4Dictionary.
Internaldatausedgloballyinoneprogram.
Datausedlocallyinaprocedure(subroutine,functionmodule)
28.Howwouldyoufindtheattributesofadatatypeordataobject?
DESCRIBEFIELD[LENGTH
typetableviewusingscreen.
53.Differentiatebetweenstaticanddynamicsteploops.
Steploopsfallintotwoclasses:StaticandDynamic.Staticsteploopshaveafixedsizethat
cannotbechangedatruntime.Dynamicsteploopsarevariableinsize.Iftheuserresizesthe
windowthesystemautomaticallyincreasesordecreasesthenumberofsteploopblocks
displayed.Inanygivenscreenyoucandefineanynumberofstaticsteploopsbutonlyasingle
dynamicone.
54.Whatarethetwowaysofproducingalistwithinatransaction?
Bysubmittingaseparatereport.
Byusingleavetolistprocessing.
55.WhatistheuseofthestatementLeavetoListprocessing?
LeavetoListprocessingstatementisusedtoproducealistfromamodulepool.Leavetolist
processingstatementallowstoswitchfromdialogmodetolistmodewithinadialogprogram.
56.Whenwillthecurrentscreenprocessingterminates?
AcurrentscreenprocessingterminateswhencontrolreacheseitheraLeavescreenortheend
ofPAI.
Like
57.HowisthecommandSuppressDialoguseful?

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Suppressingentirescreensispossibleusingthiscommand.Thiscommandallowsusto
performscreenprocessing"inthebackground".ThesystemcarriesoutallPBOandPAIlogic,
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butdoesnotdisplaythescreentotheuser.Suppressingscreensisusefulwhenweare
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58.WhathappensifweuseLeavetolistprocessingwithoutusingSuppressDialog?
Ifwedon'tuseSuppressDialogtonextscreenwillbedisplayedbutasempty,whentheuser
pressesENTER,thestandardlistoutputisdisplayed.
59.Howthetransactionthatareprogrammedbytheusercanbeprotected?
Byimplementinganauthoritycheck.
60.Whatarethemodesinwhichanyupdatetaskswork?
SynchronousandAsynchronous.
61.WhatisthedifferencebetweenSynchronousandAsynchronousupdates?
Aprogramasksthesystemtoperformacertaintask,andtheneitherwaitsordoesn'twaitfor

thetasktofinish.Insynchronousprocessing,theprogramwaits:controlreturnstothe
programonlywhenthetaskhasbeencompleted.Inasynchronousprocessing,theprogram
doesnotwait:thesystemreturnscontrolaftermerelyloggingtherequestforexecution.

62.SAPsystemconfigurationincluedesDialogtasksandUpdatetasks.
63.DialogtaskupdatesareSynchronousupdates.
64.UpdatetaskupdatesareAsynchronousupdates.
65.WhatisthedifferencebetweenCommitworkandRollbackWorktasks?
CommitWorkstatement"performs"manyfunctionsrelevanttosynchronizedexecutionof
tasks.Rollbackworkstatement"cancels:allreuestsrelevanttosynchronizedexecutionof
tasks.
66.Whatarethedifferentdatabaseintegrities?
SemanticIntegrity.
RelationalIntegrity.
PrimaryKeyIntegrity.
ValueSetIntegrity.
ForeignKeyintegrityand
Operationalintegrity.
67.AllSAPDatabasesareRelationalDatabases.
68.WhatisSAPlocking?
Itisamechanismfordefiningandapplyinglogicallockstodatabaseobjects.
69.Whatdoesalockobjectinvolve?
Thetables.
Thelockargument.
70.Whatarethedifferentkindsoflockmodes?
Sharedlock
Exclusivelock.
Extendedexclusivelist.
71.Howcanalockobjectbecalledinthetransaction?
BycallingEnqueueandDequeueinthetransaction.
72.Whataretheeventsbywhichwecanprogram"helptexts"anddisplay"possiblevalue
lists"?
PROCESSONHELPREQUEST(POH).
PROCESSONVALUEREQUEST(POV).
73.Whatisamatchcode?
Amatchcodeisanaidtofindingrecordsstoredinthesystemwheneveranobjectkeyis
Like
requiredinaninputfieldbuttheuseronlyknowsother(nonkey)informationabouttheobject.

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74.InwhatwayswecangetthecontextsensitiveF1helponafield?
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Dataelementdocumentation.
Dataelementadditionaltextinscreenpainter.
Usingtheprocessonhelprequestevent.

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75.Whatisrollarea?
Arollareacontainstheprogram'sruntimecontext.Inadditiontotheruntimestackandother
structures,alllocalvariablesandanydataknowntotheprogramarestoredhere.
76.Howdoesthesystemhandlerollareasforexternalprogramcomponents?
Transactionsrunintheirownrollareas.
Reportsrunintheirownrollareas.
Dialogmodulesrunintheirownrollareas
Functionmodulesrunintherollareaoftheircallers.
77.DoestheexternalprogramruninthesameSAPLUWasthecaller,orinaseparateone?

TransactionsrunwithaseparateSAPLUW
ReportsrunwithaseparateSAPLUW.
DialogmodulesruninthesameSAPLUWasthecaller
FunctionmodulesruninthesameSAPLUWasthecaller.
TheonlyexceptionstotheaboverulesarefunctionmodulescalledwithINUPDATETASK(V2
functiononly)orINBACKGROUNDTASK(ALEapplications).Thesealwaysrunintheirown
(separate)updatetransactions.

78.Whatarefunctionmodules?
Functionmodulesaregeneralpurposelibraryroutinesthatareavailablesystemwide.
79.Whatarethetypesofparametersinthefunctionmodules?
Ingeneral,functionmodulecanhavefourtypesofparameters:
EXPORTING:forpassingdatatothecalledfunction.
IMPORTING:forreceivingdatareturnedfromthefunctionmodule.
TABLES:forpassinginternaltablesonly,byreference(thatis,byaddress).
CHANGING:forpassingparameterstoandfromthefunction.
80.WhatisthedifferencebetweenLeaveTransactionandCallTransaction?
IncontrasttoLEAVETOTRANSACTION,theCALLTRANSACTIONstatementcausesthesystem
tostartanewSAPLUW.ThissecondSAPLUWrunsparalleltotheSAPLUWforthecalling
transaction.
81.Howcanwepassselectionandparameterdatatoareport?
Therearethreeoptionsforpassingselectionandparameterdatatothereport.
UsingSUBMITWITH
Usingareportvariant.
Usingarangetable.
82.Howtosendareporttotheprinterinsteadofdisplayingitonthescreen?
Wecansendareporttotheprinterinsteadofdiplayingitonthescreen.Todothis,usethe
keywordsTOSAPSPOOL:
SUBMITRSFLFINDTOSAPSPOOLDESTINATION'LT50'.
83.Howcanwesenddatatoexternalprograms?
UsingSPA/GPAparameters(SAPmemory).
UsingEXPORT/IMPORTdata(ABAP/4memory)
84.WhatareSPA/GPAparameters(SAPmemory)
SPA/GPAparametersarefieldvaluessavedgloballyinmemory.Therearetwowaystouse
SPA/GPAparmeters:
BysettingfieldattributesintheScreenPainter.
ByusingtheSETPARAMETERorGETPARAMETERstatements.
BDC
1.WhatisfullformofBDCSession?
BatchDataCommunicationSession.

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2.WhatarethestepsinaBDCsession?
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ThefirststepinaBDCsessionistoidentifythescreensofthetransactionthattheprogram
willprocess.NextstepistowriteaprogramtobuildtheBDCtablethatwillbeusedtosubmit
thedatatoSAP.ThefinalstepistosubmittheBDCtabletothesysteminthebatchmodeoras
asingletransactionbytheCALLTRANSACTIONcommand.
3.Howdoyoufindtheinformationonthecurrentscreen?
TheinformationonthecurrentscreencanbefoundbySYSTEM STATUScommandfromany
menu.
4.HowdoyousavedatainBDCtables?
ThedatainBDCtablesissavedbyusingthefieldname'BDC_OKCODE'andfieldvalueof'/11'.
5.WhatisthelastentryinallBDCtables?
InallBDCtablesthelastentryistosavethedatabyusingthefieldnameBDC_OKCODEanda
fieldvalueof'/11'.


6.Whatisamultiplelinefield?
Amultiplelinefieldisaspecialkindoffieldwhichallowstheusertoentermultiplelinesof
dataintoit.

7.Howdoyoupopulatedataintoamultiplelinefield?
Topopulatedataintoamultiplelinefield,anindexisaddedtothefieldnametoindicatewhich
lineistobepopulatedbytheBDCsession(Lineindex).
8.WritetheBDCtablestructure.
BDCtablestructure
FIELDTYPEDESCRIPTION
ProgramCHAR(8)Programnameoftransaction.
DynProCHAR(4)Screennumberoftransaction.
DynBeginCHAR(1)Indicatorfornewscreen.
FnamCHAR(35)Nameofdatabasefieldfromscreen.
FvalCHAR(80)Valuetosubmittofield.
9.DoestheCALLTRANSACTIONmethodallowmultipletransactionstobeprocessedbySAP?
No.TheCALLTRANSACTIONmethodallowsonlyasingletransactiontobeprocessedbySAP.
10.DoestheBDCINSERTfunctionallowmultipletransactionstobeprocessedbySAP?
Yes.
11.Whatisthesyntaxfor'CALLTRANSACTION'?
CALLTRANSACTIONtrans[usingbdctabMODEmode].
ThreepossibleentriesarethereforMODE.
AShowallscreens.
EShowonlyscreenswitherrors.
NShownoscreens.

Comments
Guest||01Aug20139:25pm
Nice,butveeeeryoldschool...itshouldatleasthavequestionsaboutOO,smartformsand
evenwebdynpro,Ican'trememberthelasttimeIdidalistedreportorusedlogical
database
Guest||23Oct20134:13am
Like
AssomeonewhonevergaveanyABAPinterviewsofar,yetworksonABAPsincethepast
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1.5years,thislistofquestionsaretoooutofcontextthesedays..

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