PETER V. JONES & KEITH C. SIDWELL AN INDEPENDENT STUDY GUIDE TO Reading LatinCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS (Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Medeid, Cpe Town, Singapore, Seo Paulo, Desi Cambridge University Peete The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge ena nu, UK. Pablshed in the United Stes of Ameres by Cambridge Universey Pres, New Yosh: ora cameos Information on thistle: wor cambridge. cnp/ps21653732 ‘© Peter V. Jones and Keith C. Sivellzo00 ‘This publiction i in enpyrighe Subject co santory exception and the provisis of relevant collective ening agrernens ‘no reproduction of ny prt may tke place without the writen perrision of Cambridge Univetsy Pres. Fit published 1979 igh prncng 2008 Printed in the United Kingdom atthe Univeity Pres, Cambridge ‘A catlage meod of this plain i eile fom te Bish Libry Brih Libr of Congress Cataloguing in Pact data Jones, PV. (Pate V) independent audy guide to reading Lain/PecteV, Jones fe Keith C. Sidwell pom ssa © $21 65575 # (paperback) 1. Latin nguage-Seliaeruction, 2, Latin languageReider 1. Sidvel, Keith C. Tie, 120965366 2000 g7H.6hyai-deat0-sensgs an g7B-0-s31~65975-2 paperback (Cambridge University Pes as no esponibilly for the penitence o aceuncy ‘oCURL for extern or thie -pzey ntemet websites sefleed to inthis publication, and doos not gusentce that any eantent on sch webs, oe wil rain, Secorate of appropriate CONTENTS Preface General introduction Preliminaries Simplified grammatical introduction Advice Semi-final suggestions And finally Section 1: Plautus’ Aulularia Section 2: Plautus’ Bacchides Section 3: Plautus’ Amphitruo Section 4: Provincial corruption: the Verres scandal 73~7: Section : The conspiracy of Catiline in Rome 64-62, Section 6: Poetry and politics: Caesar to Augustus page vii 13 142 ans 261PREFACE ‘This Study Guide provides translations, answers and reading hints for Peter Jones and Keith Sidwell’s Reading Latin (Text and Gram- mar, Vocabulary and Exercises, Cambridge University Press, 1986). It is designed for two sorts of reader: those who are learning Latin rapidly and intensively, and those who are learning Latin on their own or with only limited access to a teacher. ‘There are two important features. First, we believe it is important that there should be times when learners are out there on their own. Then again, teachers working with the book need some material whica they know students cannot simply lift from this answer book. So the "Reading/Test exercises’ at the end of each grammatical section have not been translated. These test only what should have already been learned, and will provide compelling evidence of whether it has been or not. We recommend that those who are leaning by themselves try to find someone who will correct these exercises. The exercises marked ‘optional’ have not been provided with a key either. These reinforce what should have been learned itom the regulat exer cises. If teachers need to set them, then they also need to know that the answers are not easily available to students, Again, those who are learning alone will find it advissble to have u teacher check their answers to these exercises, if they have found it neces- sory to embark on them in order to reinforce earlier work. Second, the translations of the Text intentionally vary in style, from the absolutely literal with English words in Latin word-order (in Sections r and 4) to the moderately colloquial. The purpose of these extremes is to force constant attention on the Latin. The lit- eral, Latin-order translations, almost gibberish in English, achievePreface viii this one way (‘What on earth dees that mean? I'd better look at the Latin for clarification’); the moderately colloquial another way (How on earth does the Latin mean that”), Users of the course will find an index of topics dealt with in the Text volume listed section by section in The World of Rome: An In- troduction to Roman Culture, Cambridge University Press 1997, ed. Peter Jones and Keith Sidwell, A2pendix 3, pp. 347-52. This can be used in association with the othe: indexes to find information about Roman history, culture and literature. Those interested in pursuing the study of later Latin will find that Reading Medieval Latin, Keith Sidwell, Cambridge University Press 1995, is designed to give help to students who have reached the end of Section 5 of Reading Latin. ‘We express here our gratituds to Ken Dowden, Lorna Kellett, Sally Knights, Alison Lewis, Sarah Parnaby, Phillip Parz, Helen Price, David Tristram and Hilary Walters of the Joint Association of Classical Teachers’ Latin Committee. They gave us permission to plunder their privately produced Study Guide. This did not deal with the Text or Deliciae Latinae, but gave the answers to most of the exercises in the Grammar etc, and offered other advice. We ate also grateful to Mark Humphries (National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland), Cedric Littlewood (University of Victoria, Canada), Carmel McCallum-Barry (University College Cork, ireland), David Miller (University of Bristol, UK) and David Woods (University College Cork, Ireland) for their help with testing this Study Guide. Finally, we arr more grateful than ever to our copy-editor Susan Moore, who did her usual supers job licking a chaotic manuscript into shape. Peter Jones 28 Akenside Terrace Newcastle upon Tyne wea rw UK Professor Keith Sidwell Department of Ancient Classics University College Cork Cork Ireland September 1999 GENERAL INTRODUCTION PRELIMINARIES THE COURSE Perer V. Jones and Keith C. Sidwell, Reading Latin (Cambridge University Press 1986), comes in two volumes: Text = the (small) book, which contains a Latin text in six Sections (hereafter referted to as Text), Grammar, Vocabulary and Exercises =the (big) book which contains the Grammar, Vocabulary and Exercises, fom now on called GVE. Note that the page numbers are at the foot of the page in GVE. ‘You need both volumes. How Reading Latin works Each Section of the Latin Text has a parallel Section in GVE, supplying new vocabulary, learning vocabulary, grammatical ex- planations and exercises, and Deliiae Latinae. First you read the Text with the help ofthe Vocabulary in cv ‘Then you learn the Learning Vocabulary in GVE; Finally you work through the Grammar and Exercises in GVE. ‘The Deliciae Latinae sections are for amusement and are optional (though strongly recommended).General introduction 2 This Guide This Guide supplies help ander three headings: NOTES to help you as you read the Text for the first time (these give help over and above the Vocabulary in GPE). TRANSLATION of the Text and reading passages in GVE so that you can check that you have got them right. ANSWERS to the Exercises TRANSLATIONS (where necessary) of the material in Deliciae Latinae, But please note the following vital exceptions: ‘We do not provide answers for those exercises marked Optional in GVE. + After Section 1a, we do not provide translations either of the Latin-into-English Reading/Test exercises or of the Lasinvinco-English part of the English-Latin exercises in Your aims in using this covrse + [you want to lesen to read original Latin helped along, say, by a translation, translate all the reading passages in the Text and do all the exercises not marked *. This is the ‘minimum you will aced co achieve yout aitn. * Ifyou want to gain a detailed mastery of the language and perhaps take an examination, do all the exercises including those marked *. * Whatever your anwer, you should also try the English into-Latin exercises (marked **). These are quite demand ing, but are very good for the brain and will help your understanding of the language considerably. Conventions 1. Vand U are written Yas capital, but w in lower case, So we write QVIS in capitals but quis in lower case (see p. xiv we wae q et case (see p. xi 2, The Text and GVE mark the long vowels with ~ (ma- General introduction cron). The macron is there mainly to help your pronun- ciation. Do not mark these macra when you write Latin. Grammatical sections also print a stress accent (e.g. dma). See GVE p. xv for an explanation of the rules of stress. ‘The following abbreviations are used: masc. or m, = masculine; fem, or £ = feminine; neut. or n, = neuter; sing, of s. == singular; pl. = plural; nom. nominative; acc, = accusative; gen. = genitive; dat. = dative; abl. = ablative; subj. = subject; obj. = object. For the full list of abbreviations used in GVE, see GVE p. xiii. SIMPLIFIED GRAMMATICAL INTRODUCTION Grammar systematically describes how a language works. It uses technical terms to do so. If you have previously learnt languages in a formal way, you will already know many of these terms. If, however, you are unfamiliar with grammatical terms, you will need some help with chem. There is an alphabetical Glossary of English-Latin Grammar in GVE pp. xvii-xxiii, but it is designed for reference purposes, and you will find simpler explanations of specific points as you meet them during the course. 2, Ifyou have a tutor, of if you know someone who knows Latin or another language in a grammatical way, you may find it helpful to ask them to explein any problems as they arise. ‘This Simplified Introduction is designed to lead you towards an initial understanding of the way Latin works and what lies ahead. Regard it as a supplement to the Glossary in GVE, Ic is intentionally light in tone. If you already know how languages work, skip it. A. THE VITAL PARTS OF SPEECH A NOUN names somebody or something, whether con- crete or abstract — table, chair, speed, thought, NigelGeneral introduction 4 A PRONOUN stands for a noun: not Tom but he, not Jessica but she, not table but it. So, e.g. L, me, you, they and s0 on, An ADJECTIVE tells you about (‘qualifies’) a noun ~ a smart table, a comfy chai, temic speed, instant thought, brilliant boy, a brainy gil. A VERB expresses an action ~ [ jump, she runs, he thinks, wwe find; ot a state ~ I am, it és, they remain For the three other main parts of speech, which present no dif- ficulties in Latin, see adverb, conjunction, and preposition in the Glossary. B. CASB IN ENGLISH Consider the following sentence: Nasty Brutus kills nice Caesar. Now do the analysis: Nouns? Brutus and Caesa:, Adjectives? Nasty and nize, Verb? Kills Now: we call the do-er of the accion the subject, the person on the receiving end the object. Thus ‘Pcul loves Philippa’ ~ Paul subject, Philippa object (the object of Pauls love). So do a further analysis: Who is the subject? Brutas And the object? Caesar. Now check you understand subjects (doing the action) and objects (on the receiving end) by defining subject and object in the fol- lowing sentences: Romulus founded Rome. Scipio defeated Hannibal We see the men, ‘The cat eats the food. like toffee-apples General introduction 5 Answers: subjects Romulus, Scipio, we, the cat, I; objects Rome, Hannibal, men, food, toffee-apples. How do we know that Brutus is nasty, Caesar nice? Answer: because Bratus comes next to ‘nasty’, Caesar next to Correct. How do we know Brutus is killing Caeser and not vice versa? Answer: because Brutus comes first in the sentence. Corect. Would ‘Nasty Caesar kills nice Brutus’ mean something quite differen? Answer: it would indeed And how do we know? Answer: because of the word-order. Conclusion? ‘Word-order controls meaning in English. ©. CASEIN LATIN Try this ‘The Latin for ‘kills’ is necat ‘The Latin for ‘Brutus’ (subject) is Brutus, The Latin for ‘Caesar’ (subject) is Caeser ‘The Latin for ‘Brutus’ (object) is Brutus. ‘The Latin for ‘Caesar’ (object) is Caesarem. (NB these different forms are called CASES.) Now check you are quite sure what a subject and an object are. Now write the Latin for: 1, ‘Brutus kills Caesar.” 2, ‘Caesar kills Brutus.” We confidently predict that you have written: i, Brutus necat Caesarem, 2. Caesar necat Brat.General introduction 6 Question: if you had written those identical Latin words but in a different order, e.g, 1. Caesarern necat Brutus, 2. Brutum necat Caeser i would the meaning have been altered? No. Why not? Because Brutus and. Caesar announce ‘subject’ wherever they occur in the sentence; and Brutwm and Caesorem announce ‘object’ wher- ver they occut in the sentence, So you can put the words of those two sentences in any order like and, as long as you do not change the firms, they wil el mean the same thing. Here, then, isa challenge. If, by putting the words in a different order, you can make the words Brutus necat Ceesarem mean anything other than ‘Brutus kills Caeser’, let us know, Single-handed, you will have destroyed the Latin language. Conclusion? Word-form controls meaning in Latin, not word-onder, as in English : ‘One final step. Those adjectives. ‘Nasty" (subject) in Latin is horbils. ‘Nice’ (subject) is benignus. ‘Nasty’ (object) in Latin is horribilem. ‘Nice’ (object) is benignurn, Now add these to the two sentences, according to taste, You might come up with: hhoribilis Caesar necas benignum Britum, ‘Nasty Caesar kills nice Brutus.” But again, you could put those words in any order, and the sen tence would still mean the same. Try for example: recat benignum horribilis Caesar Bruturn General introduction 7 In English word-order, that comes out: “Kills nice nasty Caesar Brutus’ This observation has little to recommend it, To a Roman, how- ever, it would be crystal-clear, because word order is irrelevant: the _form of each word announces its function (subject or objet) with absolute clarity. ‘Thus at necat a Roman would register ‘x kills v.’ At benignum a Roman would register ‘x kills nice ¥.” At horrbilis “Nasty x kills nice v.” ‘At Brutum ‘Nasty x kills nice Bratas.” ‘At Caesar ‘Nasty Caesar kills nice Brutus.” A.correction. We said above that English ‘does not have cases’. Bu wwe say ‘She loves him’, not ‘She loves he’, so we do have a small case system, ADVICE Ifyou find A-C above difficult to understand, do not despair. You may find the early stages of Latin difficult, but one learns by doing. Peter Jones’ Learn Latin (Duckworth 1997), based on a newspaper series, is a brief, light-hearted introduction to absolute basics and may prove useful in getting you over the first hurdle D. INFLECTION ‘What we have been dealing with above is infections. ‘Infection’ means the way words change to express different meanings. Consider king (one of them), kings (lots of them), hing’s (belonging to the king), kings’ (belonging to the kings); or he, him, his (Gingulat), they, them, theirs (plural). English is not a heavily in- flected language. Latin is very heavily inflected indeed. Latin nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs (as we have seen) change their shape all the time to express different meanings. This is the major difference between Latin and English.General introduction 8 Terms ‘The way a Latin noun or adjective changes shape is called a ‘declension’ (such words ‘decline’). Decline Brutus and you start Brutus Brutum, The way 2 Latin vorb changes shape is called a ‘conjugation’ (such words ‘conjugate’) Example English conjugates the verb ‘to kill’ as follows: I kill, you kill, he/ shejit kills; we kill, you kill, they Rill. Kill hardly changes: we just add the pronouns J etc, to change the person, Latin conjugates ‘to kill’ as follows: eco, mecas, necat; necamus, necatis, necant. Every word here is different, But how are they different? Get out the magnifying-glass and look more closely. Every word here has a base or SEM nec- ‘kill’ on to which different st DINGS (indicating the person) are attached, Here stands revealed La TIN's GREAT SECRET ~ it is all about UNCHANGING STEMS and CHANGING ENDINGS. Latin nouns and adjectives as well ss verbs all work in this way, as we have seen — Brutus. Brut-um, horribil-is, horribil-emt, ete,: same stem, different endings. SEMI-FINAL SUGGESTIONS If you are studying the course with the help of a tutor, even if infrequently, you will be able to discuss points with him/her and perhaps get writeen work corrected. If you are working entirely on your own, however, you may find some problems difficult to solve, * Find someone who knows Latin and who can discuss the difficulty with you, * Try to study the course together with someone else, even. ‘if he/she is a beginner too; talking things through may help to solve difficulties. General introduction 9 + Ifyou really cannot solve a problem, try reading ahead and coming back to the difficult passage in a day or so. ‘+ Always make sure that you have read the grammar sections thoroughly and used all the vocabulary help given. + Try the Total Vocabularies at the back of GVE (beginning p. 537) and look up points you find difficult in the index {p. 602). You may find references to alternative explana- tions there which are more helpful. + Always reread earlier texts when you feel new mat getting on top of you. It will boost confidence (‘Why did I find it difficult?) and give some pleasurable revision at the same time. If you live in the UK, the Joint Association of Classical Teachers ‘maintains an up-to-date list of Latin tutors who ate willing to help you in person, over the telephone or by post. For this Postal Tutors’ List, contact: ‘The Secretary, J ACT, Institute of Classical Studies, Senate Honse, Malet Street, Londen were 7H, Ifyou live in Ireland (Republic), write to the Classical Association of Ireland, cfo The Department of Classics, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, and ask for the name of 2 contact in your area, AND FINALLY Section r of Reading Latin is based on a play by Plautus, Aulitlaria (‘The Pot of Gold’). Although the text is heavily adapted, you may find it useful to read the play in translation to geta general idea of the story. There is one available in the Penguin Classics series. Do not try to do too much at once. When learning any language it is best to work on the principle of ‘little and often’ (especially ‘often’,Section One Plautus’ Aulularia INTRODUCTION: familia Eudlionis (Text pp. 2-3) PREAMBLE ‘The English transation of the whole of Section 1 is word- for-word, in the Latin word-order. Where English uses more words than Latin, hyphens are used, e.g. amat, ‘he- loves’, serui, ‘of-the-slave’. Ifthe strange word-order makes the English ambiguous, the Latin will solve the problem, 2. Latin does not have a word for ‘the’ or ‘a’, 3. In English, verbs in a question do not take the same form as verbs in a statement. Compare ‘you are’ and ‘are you?’ and ‘you carry’ and ‘do you carry?’ This is not the case in Latin, which uses exactly the same form of the verb in statements and questions. In this Section we have trans- ated all Latin verbs as statements, e.g. quid est? ‘What it-is?” 4. Explanations of the translation are given fin square brackets). 5. Latin Text line numbers are given in the translation thus, {s) NOTES FOR INTRODICTION Page 2 If you have read the General Introduction (pp. 5~7) of this volume, you will be looking keenly for subjects and objects. You will find Section 1: Introduction Wn plenty of subjects in this Section, but no chjects (objects come in Section 1a). What you will find is the verb ‘to be’, This does not control an object but a complement. Consider: ‘Euclio is an old man.” “Buctio” subjec, is! verb, ‘an old man’ - what is ‘an old man’? ‘An old man’ describes ‘Euclio’. ‘An old man’ is the complement to Euclio with the verb ‘to be’. ‘Euclio’ is subject, in the nominative cae. ‘An old man’, the complement, is therefore in the nominative ease as well, to show he is the same person as Euclio. ‘An old man’, as we say, ‘agrees’ with Euclio. Rule: the verb ‘to be’ takes the nominative case before and after (usually the subject before, the complement after, in English). 1 quis es tw: quis means ‘who?’, es means ‘you are’ and tu means ‘you’, very emphatically. Latin adds tu only when it ‘wants to emphasise the ‘you’. es on its own means ‘you are’, unemphasised. Compare ego sum Euclio and ego sunt Phaedra, where ego ‘I’ is very emphatic, ‘fam ...’, with sentex sum ‘Lam an old man’, senex sum: note that Latin word-otder is not the same as English. In particular, the Latin verb often comes late in the sentence compared with English, e.g. senex sum ‘an- old-man Iam’, ie, ‘I am an od man’, senex is the complement. 3 filia Euclionis sum: observe that Eucio becomes Euelionis when it means ‘of Buclio’. filia Euclonis is the complement, 4 Staphyla sum: Staphyla is the complement. $ familia Euctionis: the complement, Page 5 1 pater Phaedrae: note that Phaedra becomes Phacdrae when it means ‘of Phaedra’, cf. Euelio, Bucicnis above. 2 fia Eucionis: the complement. 3 serua Euclionis est: the subject is ‘she’, understood, and in-Section 1: Introduction bey cluded in, est. sera is the complement: thus ‘she is the slave-woman of Euclio’ 4 Senex auanus: complement. Latin says ‘an old man greedy’, English ‘a greedy old man’. In Latin, adjectives often fol- low their nouns, $ cum filia: in cases like this, sense requires that we translate “with his daughter’ rather than ‘with the/a daughter’ est: when est begins a sentence, it usually means ‘there is's cf L 7 sunt “there are’ et: ef means ‘and’ when itjoins two things together. Here it means ‘too’, ‘also’ TRANSLATION OF INTRODUCTION Introduction: The-household of-Euclio. ‘Who you-are you? I [-am Euclio. An-old-man I-am, ‘Who you-are you? I I-am Phaedra. The-daughter of-Euclio Iam. [4] Who you-are you? Staphrla I-am, the-slave-woman of Euclio. ‘Who you-are [pl]? The-houschold of-Euclio we-are. The-play’s characters Euclio: Euclio the-old-man he-is, father of- Phaedra Phaedra: Phaedra the-daughter of-Buclio she-is. Staphyla: the-slave-woman of-Euclio she-is, Euclio an-old-man he-is. Euclio an-old-man greedy he-is. Euclio in the-house he-lives [5] with his-daughter. The-daughter of- Euclio Phaedra she-is. There-is also a-slave-woman in the-house. The slave-woman’s name it-is Staphyla. Euclio’s household in the-house it-lives. There-are in the- household of-Euclio the-head-of-the-fatnily, and Phaedra the- daughter of-Euclio, and Staphyla the-slave-woman, All in the- house they-live. Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 1. Section 1: Introduction FF EXERCISES FOR INTRODUCTION Page 4 Morphology 1 you (s)* are =ex; there are = sunt; he i (pl)* are = esis; hey are = sunt it is cst, there is st; Lam = sum; she is Note: * (5. means singular, (pl.) means plural. 2 sum = Tam, sumus = we are; sunt = they are, est = he is; estis = you (pl) are, es = you (6) are; est = ho/shefit is or there is, sunt = they are or there are; sumus= we are, sum=1 am; e=you (3) are, estis = you (pl. are, Reading (@) les the household (b) The slave-gid is Staphyls, (0) For the pot is fll of gold (@)__ The cook is a slave. {e) Phaedra isthe daughter. (In the house (there) are Eaclio, Phaedra and the slave-gie, (@) The old man is a miser. (h)_ Near the river theve is a small Gel. ** English-Latin (@) There are, in the household Euclio, Phaedra, [and] Seaphyla sti familia serua, (b) Buclio and Phaedra are in the house. serua in aedibus est (1am Buclio. 5 sertus/serua, (@ _Enctio’s daughter is Phaedra. serua Euclionis Staphyla est (©) Who are you? (s.) Euclio sum. (© Who ate you? (pl) Euclio et Phaedra surmus.Section 14 4 TA (test yp. 3-6) NOTES FOR TA Page 4 14 sens intra... sat et clamat: ‘slave! is the stated subject of the first sentence with a third-person verb intat ‘he enters’ (Ge. ‘the slave enters’), No new subject is introduced in the second sentence. So we can assume the third-person verbs stat et damat have seruus as their subject. 15 seruam nocat: serve indicates the subject of the sentence (the slave-woman is doing something); seriam, as here, indicates that the slave-woman is the object of the sentence, i.e. she is not doing anything, but is on the receiving end of the verb, ‘he calls the slave-woman’. In English, subjects tend to come first in a sentence (here *he’), then the verb calls’), then the object (‘slave-woman’), Latin word-order is much more flexible (see General Introduction and GVE 6 pp. 9-11). 16 te: you', object; 1 is the subjece form. 27 mes ‘me’, object; ago is the subject form, 22 non aperis: It. ‘not you open’, where English says ‘you do not open’. Observe that Latin has omitted ‘i, referring to the door iawa, 3t Dawe: *O Davus’, the so-called vocative case. See GVE 9 Pag. otiosi: compare 1. 2$, 1... otiosus es. The form otios! refers to more than one person. Page 5 36 enim: ‘for’, ‘because’. This word never comes first in Latin, but always does ir: English 45 plenae: ‘fall’, The Zorm plenae is plu singular, Section 14 qs coquorum et tibicinarum: the forms meaning ‘of cooks and pipe-gitls, cf. the subject forms cogui, tbicinae in 1. 46. 46 cuncti: ‘all’, masculine, plural. Compare cuncta feminine, singular ‘the whole’, 1, 43. stn52nullum ... mullan: note that mullum is masculine, mullam feminine. See GVE 14 pp. 22~3. Note that Latin omits ‘and’ from this list. 56 coronamque: que attached to the end of a noun is the same as etin front of it, ie, coronamigue = et coronant. Observe how we indicate this in the translation (garland/and’). Page 6 67 sab ... saluus: saluum is neuter, saluus masculine, ef Text p. 5, . 51-2. TRANSLATION OF TA The-play’s characters [to] Demaenetus: Demaenetus an-old-inanhe-is, Euclio’s grandfather. Slave: the-slave’s name it-is Davus. Slave-woman: the-slave-woman's name it-ss Pamphila. Cook and pipe-gitl (The-slave onto the-stage he-enterr. Before the-door of- Deimaenetus he-stands and he-shouts, Why [15] he-shoxts? He- shouts because the-slave-woman ke-cali) SLAVE Hey, Pamphila! I Davus you I-call. SLAVE-WOMAN Who me he/she-calls? Who he/she-shouts? st. [Davus you I-call. Siw. What it-is? Why me you-call? [20] (The-slave to the-door he-approaches, but the-door shut i-is. The-slave therefore the-door he-knocks-2t) st. Hey you, slave-woman! I the-door I-knock-at, but you nut you-open: the-door closed itis.su-w, SL. Section 1A. 16 (the-door she-opens) Why you-shout? I here and there [- run-about, you however [25] you-shout. I busy Iam, you however idle you-are. A-slave not you-are, but a-rascal. Tidle not I-am, Pamphila. For today Demaenetns, master my, his-daughter in marriage he-gives: the-marviage-rites of-his-daughter they-are [ie it’s the marriage]. [30] (Demaenetus, the-master of-the-slave and of-the-slave- woman, onto the-stage he-er.ters) DEMAENETUS DEM, cooK DEM. Dem Why you-shout, Davus and Pamphila? Why you-stand [i.e. about, doing nothing]? Why idle you-are? For today the-marriage-rites of-daughter my they-are. Why not into the-house you-enter and the-marriage-rites you-prepare? Unto the-house therecenter the-slave and the-slave-voman, and the-marriage-rites they-prepere. Onto the-stage there-enter the- cook [35] and the-pipe-girl. Demaenetus the-cook and the-pipe- girl he-sees) Hey you, who you-are? I for/because [first word] you not Lrecopnise AND PIPE-GIRL ‘The-cook and the-pipe-gitl we-are, To the-marriage-rites of-daughter your we-come, Why not into house my you-enter and the-marriage-rites you-prepare? [40] (The-cook and the-pipe-girl into the-house of-Demaenetus they-enter) (Demaenetus a-garland and ointment he-caies. A-pot also he- carries, The-pot of-gold full '-is) Alas! Today the-martiage-rites of-daughter my I-prepare. ‘The-whole household it-hurries. Here and there there- ran-about boys and girls, J cooks and pipe-gitls (48] I-call. Now the-house full it-is (lit. are” because aedes is pl.) of- cooks and of-pipe-gitls, and all cooks and pipe-girls thieves they-are. Alas! A-man lost I-am, more-precisely, most-lost of-men. For a-pot I-have of-gold full. Look! The-pot {- carry. (The-old-man the-pet he-reveals) Now the-pot under my-clothes I-secrete. For very-much I-am-affaid, Gold [50] for/becanse [first word] gives-off-a-smell; and thieves Exercises for 1A 7 gold they-sniff-out. Gold however not it-gives-off-a- smell, if under the-carth it-lies-hidden. If the-gold under the-earth it-lies-hidden, no cook no pipe-gitl no thief I- fear. The-pot therefore secretly under the-earth [-secrete. Anyone me he/she-sees? {Demaenetus he-looks-around. No-one is-present, Demaenetus therefore no-one he-sees) [55] Good. Alone I-am. But first to the-Lar L-approach and the-ointment garland/and I-give, and I-pray. (To the-Lar he-appreaches. The-oinement he-gives and the- garland. Then to-theeLar he-prays) (© Lar, guardian of-my household, you I-beg and I- beseech. Iyou always I-gatland, always to-yot ointment I~ give, always sacrifice and (60] respect. Yew in-teturn good Luck you-give. Now to you the-pot of-gold full I-carry. Under my-clothes however the-pot I-secretc, The- houschold about the-pot it-is-ignorant. But today there- are the-marriage-rites of-my-daughter. Full it-is flit. ‘are’] the-house of-cooks and of-pipe-gitls. More-precisely, of thieves full it-is. The-gold it-gives-off-a-smell. J therefore thieves [-fear. O Lar, you I-beg and I-beseech. [65] The- pot protect! (The-old-man to theshearth he-epproaches. Near the-hearth a= hole there-is. In the-hole the-pot he-secretes) Look. Safe the-gold it-is, safe also I. Now for/because [first word] you the-pot you-have, Lar Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 7. EXERCISES FOR TA Page 9 Morphology alo, cela, celat, claus, celats,celan; timo, tines, time, timemus, times, iment; porte, poras, portat, portamus, portatis, portant; habeo, habes, habet, haben, habtis, habent.Exercises for 1 8 Note: we do not answer the optional sections. 2 damas you (5) shout, clanatis; habent they have, habe; intrat he enters, intra; woco 1 call, wocanus; sumus we axe, sum; portamus we carry, ‘Porto; times you (s) fear, timetis; abetis you (pl.) have, habes; ext he is, sunt timet he fears, tment; uocant they call, woca;celatis you (pl. hide, elas; timenus we fear, treo; habeo I have, habentus; sunt they ate, es 3 you (pl) have they call = uoca habitat; there ace et. iabetis; I do hide = celo; we are careying = portam you (5) are affaid of = times; she is dwelling nt it has = habet; chere enters = intat; she is = Page 13 Exercises 1 coquns, coquum, cogui, coquo, coquo, coqui, coques, coquonum, coquis, coguis; aula, aulam, aulee, aula, aula, aulae, ales, aularum, aulis, ali. Note: we do not answer she optional sections. 2 sertanum = gen. pl roquo = dat fabl, sing.; coronam = acc. sing.; seruos = acc. pli; seaerae = gen. fat. sing. or nom. pl. fia = abl. fing, (NB filia = nora. sing,); coquus = nom. sing.; serui = gen. sing. or nom. pl; copmm = acc, sing.: filiae = gen./dat. sing. or nom, pli scaenas = acs. pli; sero = dat abl. sing. coquoruin = gen, pl. aula = nom, sing, (NB auld = sbl. sing.) seruis = dat /abl. pl. 3G) Tamashave, sums cena, (b) Loatry a pot. aulas portamus. (©) They have garlands. -coronam hater. (@) The slave-girl fears the slave, seruae iment seruos. (©) You call the slave-gitk, seman wecas. (©) The slave-gins carry tae pots. serva aulam porta (@) We hide the pots. elo aulam, (b) The cooks hide the slave-giels, seruamt celar coquus. (@ The household has a garland, familia coronas habent. () The slave calls the slave-giel, uocant seni sens If you have made any mistakes, first check the endings of the nouns to see if they are nominative (subject) or accusative (bject), Exertises for 1 19 Page 14 Exercise ‘onto the stage = i seaenam (ace. because movement towards); in the pot = in aula (abl. because position); onto the garlands = in coronas, into the pots = in aulas; in the household = in familia; towards the slave- seruam; in the slaves = in serui, cowards che daughter = ad Pages 15-17 Reading exercise 1(@) The slave enters [onto] the stage. He {the slave] catries garlands. (b) The cooks are in the house. They [the cooks] call the slave- (©) Achave-woman is in Buclio’s household. She [the slave-womsn] is Staphyla, (@) Onto the stage enters Demaenetus. He [Demaenetas] has a pot fall of gold. (©) The cook and the slave-woman are shouting, For they [te cook and the slave-woman} fear the slave a(a)_ aula (0bj.)senaus (subj) "The slave -s the pot’ (Latin verb ~ 2, porta). (b) _serua (subj.) corenant (Cbj.), aulam (0bj.) seruas (subj.) “The save-woman -s the garland, the shave the pot’ (+ eg. abet), (©) seruas (0bj.) serud (Subj) “The slaves ~ the slave-woment (-n, €5, uocant). (© familia (oubj.) cogues (obj) “The household -s the cooks’ (+, €.g. tet) (©) Lar (subj.) servos (0bj.) “The Lar -¢ the slaves’ (-1, e.g. uoed!), obj.2) «go (subj. ~ therefore aurum obj.) 0, €.8, habeo) (© Buco subj.) femliam (obj) “Buelio -s the household” (-t, e.g timet ©Exercises for 1A 2 (6) aules (0bj.) auricplenas (obj. with aula) et coronas (obj.) seraae (subi) “The slave-women ~ the pets fill of gold and the gaslends’ (nt, © porta). *3(@) And now the sun (subj.) Ind stretched out (verb) all the hills (obj), into (prep.) the west. Ae last he (subj) rose (verb) and twitched (verb) his mantle blue (o0bj.): ‘Tomorrow to (prep) fresh woods and pastures new. (b) Still green (= altar] with (prep.) bays each ancient Altar (subj.) stands (verb), Above (prep. the reach of siccilegious hands; ar] Secure from (prep) Flames, from (prep.) Envy's fiercer rage, Destructive War, and allinvolving Age. See (verb) from (prep.) eaca elime the Tearn'd (subj) cheir in- cense (obj) bring (verb)! 4 Demaenetus sees the cooks and pipe-gitls. They are coming to hhis daughter's wedding, Tey enter the house of Demaenetus and prepare the wedding. Now the house of Demaenetus is full of cooks and pipe-girls. But Demaenetus is affaid. For he has a pot full of gold. For if the pot full of gold is in Demaenetus’ house, Demaenetus is very aftaid of thieves. Demaenetus hides the pot. Now the gold is safe. Now Demaenetus is safe. Now the ppot is safe. For the Lar has the por full of gold. Now the pot lies hhidden near the Lar under che ground. Therefore Demacnetus now approaches the Lar and prays. ‘O Lat, I, Demaenetas, eall on you. O protector of my howehold, I bring to you my pot full of gold. My daughter's wedding is today, But I fear thieves, For my house is full of thieves. 1 beg and beseech you, protect* Demac- nnetus’s pot fill of gold.” “Here imperstive of seruo; in another context it could be abl. sing. of senua, ‘slave-womvan’. ** English-Latin (a) The cook carries Demaenets sents coronas coquorums abet pot. Section 1B an (b) You are shouting but I am carrying the pots. serua timet, ego igitur coquuns woco, (©) Why is the stage fall of saves? cur cedesplenae sunt coguonan? (@) 1, the Lar, cll you, Why do you fear me? g0 Phaedra incro. cur aulam eelais? (©) Ihe has gold, Demaenetus is aftaid. si aulam celant, serui tient, (©) Weis gxctands and pots the slaves are carying donut seruamwoeat Demaenets. IB crest pp. 6-8) NOTES FOR 13, Page 7 76 — Buclio.., senex: ‘Euclio is not a good old man’. The posi- tion of bonus is emphatic, ef. 79-80 filam habet bonam. 83 muillam ... fils ‘daughter’ is the subject, ‘dowry’ the object. 100 me miserum: ‘Me unhappy!’ ‘Misery me!” Exclamations are often expressed through the accusative case. Page 8 1rI-12 clas... multas: ‘many cares’ 125-6 plenae ... aedes: ‘rich men’s houses [subject] are full [com- plement] of many thieves’. TRANSLATION OF 18 (Euclio on the-stage he-sleeps. While he-sleeps, the-Lar onto the- stage he-enters and the-story [70] he-explains) LAR Spectators, I I-am the-Lar of-the-houschold. The-god Iam of-the-household of-Euclio. Look, Euclio’s housepucnr Section 1B a ‘There-is in the-house of-Euclio treasure great. The- treasure it-is o*Demaenetus, the-grandfither of Euclio, But the-treasure in a-pot it-is and beneath the-eatth it. lies-hidden. I for/because {first word) the-pot secretly in the-house (75] I-protect. Euclio about the-treasure he-ise ignorant. Why the-treasure secretly so-far [-protect? The- story I-explain. Euclio not good he-is an-old-man, but greedy and wicked. Euclio therefore not I-love. Besides, Euclio me not he-looks-after. To-me never he-prays Ointment neve: he-gives, no gatlands, no respect. But Euclio a-daughter he-hes [80] good. For there-looks-after me Phaedra, Euclio's daughter, and much respect, much ointment, many garlands she-gives. Phaedra therefore, good daughter of-Buclio, very-much I love. But Euclio poor he-is. No therefore dowry there-has the-daughter, For the-old-man about the-pot of-his-grandfather he-is- ignorant. Now however, because Phaedra good she-is, the-pot of-gold '85] full to-Buclio I-give. For Euclio in 2 dream L-visit and the-pot I-reveal. Look, spectators. (Euclio he-sleeps. The-Lar the-vision of-hiscgrandfather onto the- stage he-leads. Euiliohe-is-astonished) ° I-sleep or I-am-awake? Gods great! The-vision I-see of. grandfather my, Demaenetus. Hullo, Demaenetus! Alas! How-much charged [90] from that (former self]... from the-dead evidently into the-house he-entets. Look! A-pot Demaenetus he-carties. Why a-pot you-carry, Demaene- tus? Look! There-looks-tound Demanetus and himself with he-mutters, Now to the-altar of-the-Lar he-hurries, ‘What you-do, Demaenetus? A-hole he-makes and in the- hole the-pot he-places. Amazing by-Hercules it-is. What however in the-rot there-is? Gods [95] great! The-pot of- gold fall it-is, DEMAENETUS' VISION Buc. Good. Now gold my safe ites Not [-believe, Demaenetus. No in the-house gold there~ is, The-dzeam falte it-is. Poor [1-am and poor I-remain. [100] Alas, me unhappy. I I-am most-done-for of: men, Poor I-am, but the-gods false dreams they-reveal. Grand Euc. Section 1B 23 father my in the-dream T-see, My-grandfather a-pot of gold full he-carries. The-pot beneath the-earth secretly he-places next-to the-Lar. Not however I-believe. The- dream filse it-is. Why the-Lar me not he-cares-for? Why me he-deceives? [ros] (Euclio to the-Lar he-approaches, Suddenly however the- hole he-sees. Buclio quickly much earth from theshole he-moves. At-length the-potit-appears) What yourhave, O Lar? What under yourfeet you-keep? ‘What's-this? A-pot I-see. Clearly the-dream true it-is. (Eudio the-pot fiom the-hole he-moves, Inside he-looks and the- gold he-sees. He-is-amazed) [110] Hoorah! Yippee! Gold I-possess! Not I-ain poor, but rich! But however by-Hercules a-man rich cares always he-has many. Thieves into his-house secretly they-enter, (© me unhappy! Now thieves [-fear, because mach money L-possess. Alas! How the-Lar me he-annoys. Today for/ because [first word] to-me much money, many at-the- same-time [t15] cares he-gives; today therefore most- done-for of-men I-am, ‘What then? Ha! Good a-plan I-have. Anyone me he/she- sees? (Euclio the-gold beneath hiscclothes be-secretes and he-looks- around, No-one he-sees, At-length to the-Lar he-approaches) To you, Ler, the-pot of-gold fill I-carry. You the-pot protect and hide! [x20] (Buclio the-por in the-hole again ke-places; then much earth ‘over the-pot he-heaps-up) Good. The-gold safe iis, But worried I-am. Why how- ever worried I-am? Worried I-am because treasure great many cares itegives, and me greatly it-worries. For into rich men’s houses thieves many [125] they-enter; full therefore of-thieves many they-ere rich men’s houses. O me unhappy! Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 19. Note: it is definitely worthwhile to start keeping your own vocabulary note-book.Keep a careful note of the stem, genitive singular, declension and gender of nouns; and the conjugation of verbs. Exercises for 1B 24 ‘You may care to ‘sort’ them ia columns, nouns by declension, verbs by conjugation, and see the patterns emerging, EXERCISES FOR IB Page 22 Exercises 1 honor, honorem, honoris, honcri, honor, honores, honores, hononum, hhonoribus, honoribus; fur, furem, fuis, fri five, fares, furs, farum, Sirus, furibus. Note: we do not answer optional exercises 2 3(a) ® 0 @ © © ® (hy Eudionis ~ gen. sing. furem ~acc. sing. aedium ~ gen. pl, honors tnom. or ace. pli, Lar nom. sing. senume~ gen, ph, aedis ~ ace. pl. (NB see page 20), honorem ~ ace. sing., fur ~ nom. sing., Lars — gen. sing, ‘Then the thief sees the old man’s treasure. deinde thesauros senum fures ident ‘The Lar does not have honoxr. Lares hanores non habent, ‘Therefore the god does not look after the old man, {gitur senes di non aurant But why are you praying, old men? {quare tame supplicas, senex? ‘At last the old man has the omntment. venguenta sees tandem possden:. ‘The old man now lives in the house, in aedius sees mune habitant. A thief always likes a pot fall of gold. fires alas eur plenas semper ara. But a thief does not have respect. hronores taen non haben furs. Exenises for 1B 25 @ Why do you not enter finto] the house, old man? quare in aedis non itratis,semes? (The old man secretly loves the slave-woman. senuas clam amant senes . Page 24 Exercises Note: you may care to do Exercise 3 first 2 Genitive plusals: hononum from honor 3rd decl. masc.; farm from fur ged decl. masc.; unguentorum from waguentum and decl, neve. serum from senex grd deel. mase, 3 Plural nouns: ingenia ftom ingenium and decl. neut.— talents; unguertis from unguentum and decl. neut, — ointments; somnia from soninium and decl, neut, ~ dreams; pericula from pericwlum and decl. neut. ~ dangers Pages 25-6 Exercises 1 multas cwras; mtn aurans mvlti oF multos fues (nom. or ace. pl): reulture senens; multi honoris, mutans aedemt; multorum seruonuns, mle torum senw; multas aedis (acc. pl): multae coronae (gen.fdat. sing. oF nom. pl). 2 multus mase. nom. sing. sees, seruus multi masc-fneut. gen. sing, or masc. nom. pl: Lanis, sees, rmultismasc,/fem./neut. dat /abl. pl: onoribus, senibus rmulas fem, ace. pl: caedis, familias rmultae fem. gen./éat. sing, or nom. pl: seruae,aedi mula fem. nom. sing. orneut. nom/ace. pl: unguenta, cura 3 many slave-girls mulize seruae; of much respect mult! honors; of many gatlands multanems ceronarun; much gold mrltum eurumt; many an old man mulium senens; of many thieves multonum fina; many cold men multos sones. Ifyou have made any mistakes in the last three exercises, check the gender and declension of the noun.Exercises for 1B 26 4(2) Many thieves are in the house. (b) Many old men have many cares. (©) Many slave-girls are fall of cares. (2) Eucio has mach gold fand) many pots full of gold, (@) The old man has many slaves, 5(2) No power iong-lived. (0) Life is neither a good nor a bad thing (©) Nobility isthe only and uaparaleled goodness, (€) Life is tong iii (@)Forcune is blind. Pages 27-9 (Optional exercises omittsd] Reading exercises “ @ (b) 0 @ © ©) 2) English and Latin In the long (adj., ‘streets’) echoing (adj., ‘streets’) streets the laughing (adj. ‘dancers') dancers (subj.) throng (verb). ‘And the long (adj.,‘carpets’) carpets (gubj.) rose (verb) along the gusty (ad), floor’) floor. 1 (ubj,) bring (vert) you with reverent (aj, ‘hands’) hands ‘The books (cbj.) 0’ my numberles (aj, ‘dceams’) dreams, ‘Tis (verb) no sin (aibj.) love's uit (obj.) to steal But the sweet (adj..‘theft’) theft (obj.) to reveal His fair (adj., Front’) large (edj., ‘Frone’) Front (vubj) and Bye (ubj.) sublime (aj, "Bye') decla'd (verb) Absolute (ad), ‘Ruce’) Rule (obj). Gazing he (subj) stoke (verb), and kindling at the view His (adj, “arms eager (adj, ‘arms’ stms (0bj,) around the god- ess threw (verb). Glad (adj, “carth’) earth (subj.) perceives (verb), and from her “Bosom pours (verb) Unbididen (adj, “he-bs’) herbs (obj.) and voluntary (adj. flowers’) flowers (obj). lanant is plural; seni, senex, serace are all subjects ‘The slaves, the old man and the slave piel are shouting. @) © @ @ © ® Hy @ 3(a) () © (@) @) © (hy @ o ala) Exercises for 1B 27 dat is singular; multwm: honorem is the objzct, Phaedra isthe subject. Therefore Phaedra gives much respect. posses is singular; Lar is dhe subjec, aed is the object. Now the Lar posseses the house. mantis plural; dis the subject, multum honorem is the object ‘The gods like much respect. dat is singular; aurum is the subject (NB neuter noun), sults cures is the object. Gold gives many worries. hhaitant is plural; serat isthe subject. Slaves also live in the house. cst is singular; cunum is the subject, ‘There is much gold in the pot ‘iment is plural; fares is subject or object, semes is subject or object, multi must be subject. Either: However, many thieves fear old men, Or (better sense): However, many old men fear thieves, intrant is plural senex and sens ere bott. subject. ‘Why ate the old man and the slave entering [onto] the stage? cxpliatis singular, Lar isthe subject, cus isthe object. ‘At last the Lar explains the old man’s worries ‘The old man (obj, the slave (oub.) (Latin verb -1 The house (obj) the god (subj) (0. Respects (obj.) the Lar (subj.) (-). ‘The thief (subj.) the gold (obj.) (-2). Euclio's (gen.) daughter (obj.) the gods (subj. (nt), ‘The daughters (subj) of the old men (gen,) honouts (obj) (nt). The temple (0bj.) the god (subj, ( Ointments (obj.) the gods (subj.) (-nt). ‘The Lar (obj,) Phaedra (subj), Phaedra (obj,) the Lar (ubj.) (+f) Slaves (obj) Phaedra (subj) and save women (obj,) (+) Pots (fem. obj. pl.) for/because (frst word) he/she/it has many (fem. obj. pl, with ‘pots’) Euclio (subj,) the old man (subj, de- scribing Buclio). "For Euclio the old man has many pots.”(b) © © © ) (h) @ @ Exercises for 1B 28 The house (fem. obj. pl) of thieves (gen. full (fem. obj. pl. ~ wich ‘house’) many (masc. subj. ph) they fear old men (masc. subj, pl., goes with ‘many’). ‘Many old men fear a house fll of thieves.” ‘Treasure (0bj.) of Euclio (gen.) secretly he/shefit sees the slave~ woinan (subj, “The dave-woman secretly sees the treasure of Buclio.” No (masc. subj. 5.) there/he/she/it is in the house slave (masc. subj. s., goes with 'nc’) “There is no slave in the hows Phaedra (fem. obj. s.), daughter (fem. obj. s., so refers to Phaedra) of Euclio (gen.) and Staphyh (fem. obj.s), daughters (fem, subj pl. er of the daughter gen.} of Euclio (gen,) the slave-woman (fom, obj. s., 50 refers to Staphyla), Lar (ubj.)he/she)it loves (. so filiae cannot be pl. ‘daughters’ subj. but ‘of the daughter’ {The a loves Phaee,daphte of uso, nd Spy, sve woman of the daughter of Euclio.” Next Euclio (subj.) the pot (obj.), because thieves (subj.? obj.? pl) greatly hejshejiefeas (therefore ‘chieves' must be obj), he/ she/it hides, “Buclio hides the pot because he greatly fears thieves.” Me (obj,) therefore Phaedra (subj. he/she/it loves, Phaedra (obj.) T Gubj). "Phaedra loves me, I love) Phaedra.” For gold (neut. subj? obj.? s) Euclio (subj.. therefore ‘gold’ probably obj.) much (neut obj. s. with ‘gold’?) he/she/it las, garlands (fem. obj. pl.) many (fem. obj. pl.), much (probably ‘mase,/neut, obj. 5} ointment (neut. obj. s., with ‘much’). “Buclio has much gold, many garlands, much ointment.” ‘The old man (sxbj.) however thieves (prob. obj.) because much (Gubj.? 0bj.? mase? newt? +) he/she/it has gold (neut. obj. 5 surely), greatly he(she/it fear. ‘The old man however grealy fears thieves because he has much gold.” Much (subj? obj? masc.? neut.?) slaves (subj. pl) or of the slave (gen. ) ointment (ubj? obj? neuc., so probably goes with Sertion 1B: Deliciae Latinae 29 ‘muck’) to the Lat, many (fem. obj. pl) gaslands (fem. obj. pl) they carry (60 couid be ‘the slaves carry’, or ‘they carry inuch ointment of the slave’ ~ surely the firs. “The slaves carty much ointment ($0 obj.) to the Lar [and] many garlands. Reading exercise | Test exercise From here on, the LatinEnglish Reading/Test exercises will not be translated for you. It is, of course, essential that you try them, ‘They encapsulate everything you should have learned. They will act as a sure check on your progress. The water-wings are off. You are on your own now. ** English-Latin ) b) © @ @ «@ ‘The Lar therefore does not like Evclio, because he docs not pay him respece. 4 igitur Phacdrar, mi fil, rant quod Larem cura. ‘The old man, however, has many worries, because he has much old. serui antem coronas porta: multas, quod honorens dant multum, ‘The house of Euclio is fall of thieves, because the ald man has @ pot fall of gol. eorum aedis aur est plena, quod aulas auriplenas dant diitum fae Thave much perfume, many garlands, [and] much respect, ‘1 multans cura, thesaiurn multum babes. 1 do not like you, Demaenetus ‘unary, mi fil, non porto, ‘The slaves are sho cold man is afiaid. cra iia, clamant senes,timent seruae. ig the slave-women are supplicating, and the DELICIAS LATINAE: 1B Page 32 Exenise ‘con-to0o 1 call together. inshabito t dwell inSection 1B: Delisiae Latinae 30 in-uoeo | eall upon, prae-uideo 1 see ahead, com-porte | carry together, collect, gather, ‘proe-surt Lam at the head 2€ ‘post-habeo I regard x as behind (i.e. less important than) ¥. Page 33 Exercise . supplicate, supplication, explicate, explication, importation, date, habita- tion, vision, possession, ‘Use an English dictionary to check the meanings. Word exercises 2. familiar, familial, family: coronation; scene, scenery; timid; deity, deity; multitade, muld-purpose, multiply; video, revision, evident 2. pecunia, honor, amo, thesaurus, porto, came, fia, aedes, unguentum, fur, sens, nulls, NB -u- between vowels becomes -v- in English. Everyday Latin ante before ost after post mortem ‘after death’; post scriptum ‘after it has been written’ uox populi, uox dei “the voice of the people [is] the voice of God’ agus dei ‘the lamb of God [which taketh away the sins of the world) {gnoramus (of coutse), because this means ‘we do not know’ (a verb, not a stow) datum, agendum, medium Page 34 Real Latin Vulgate “And God said, “Iam the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob,” (Exodus 3.6) ‘Tam who Iam,’ (Exodus 3.14) Section 1. an IC crest pp. 8-10) NoTES FOR re Page 9 133 ‘egone mala?: ~ne attached to a word indicates that the sen~ tence will be a question, here lit, ‘I evil?” ‘Am [ evil?’ In. the translation we indicate -ne by attaching a question- mark, ‘1? 134 secum: se ‘himself’, cum ‘with’, This is represented in our translation as ‘himself-with’, CE Il. 141, 150. 1450 me miseramt: 100. ‘O unhappy me’, feminine; ef. Text p. 7, 157 cultrum fires habent: the object ‘knife’ comes first in Latin, the subject ‘thieves’ second. 169 aunum ... senex: object aurum first, then subject senex. Page 10 172 ut... multass thesaurus meus subject, eres multas object, TRANSLATION OF IC (Encio fiom: the-house onto the-stage he-enters he-shoutsland) Buctio Get-out from the-housel Get-out at-oncel Why not you- get-out, slave-woman my? STAPHYLA (From the-house she-gets-out and onto the-stage she-enters) ‘What itis, my master? [130] What you-are-doing? Why me from the-house you-drive-out? Slave-woman yours [- am. Why me you-beat, master? EUC, Shut-up! You I-beat because evil you-are, Staphyla, sta. 1? Evil? Why evil I-am? Unhappy I-am, but not evil, master. (Hersef-with she ponders) But you mad you-arel BUC. [135] Shut-up! Get-out at-once! Go-away further still ..STA. uc. sta. ec. STA. Buc. STA. Section 1C. 32 farther still ... Stop! Stand-stll! Wait! (Euclio himself with hhe-porders) U'm-lost! ['ra-done-for! How evil my slave- ‘woman she-is! For eyes in the-back-of-her-head she-has. How treasure my me anhappy always it-troubles! How the-treasure many worries it-gives! (He-shouts again) Wait there! You I-wern, Staghyla! [140] Here I-wait [, my master. You however to-where you-go? Tinto house my I-retura (himself-with he-ponders) and trea sure my secretly I-sce. For thieves always into the-house of-men rich they-enter... (Euclio from theestage he-goeseaway and into the-house he- returns) [145] O me unhappy! Master my mad he-i night never he-sleeps, but he-stays-awakc day, me from the-howse always he-drives-out, What in mind he-has? Why the-old-man so mad he-is? (Buclio atelast from the-house he-gets-out and onto the-stage he- returns) [150] (Himselfwitk heponders) Gods me they-protect! Treasure my safe it-is! (He-shouts) Now, Staphyla, listen and attention pay/give! I you I-warn. Go-away inside and the-door shut. For [now to the-practor I-go-away ~ poor for/because [first word] I-am, If you-see a-cobweb, the- cobweb protect. My for/because [first word] cobweb it-is If a-neighbour he-comes-up and fire he-asks-for, the-fire at once put-out. If [185] neighbours they-come-up and water they-ask-for, teply ‘Water never in the-house I+ have.’ If a-neighbour he-comes-up and a-knife he-asks- for, at once reply “The-knife thieves they-have.’ If Good Luck to the-house she-comes, stop [her]! Good Luck never to your house she-comes-up, master. [260] Shut-up, slave-woman, and go-away at-once inside, L-am-silent and at-once I-go-away. (Staphyla she-goes-away and herself-with she-muttes) Oh me unhappy! How Phaedra, the-daughter of-Euclio, me she-worries! For pregnant she~ is Phaedra by Lyconides, the-neighbour of-Euclio, The- old-man however he-coes-not-know, and J I-am-silent, nor plan I-have. Exercises for 1C 33 [165] (She-goes-out from the-stage Staphyla) suc. Now to the-practor I-go-away, too-much by-Hercules unwillingly. For the-praetor today money among the-men he-divides. If to the-forum not I-go, neighbours my “Well!” they-say ‘we to the-forum we-go, Euclio to the- forum not he-goes, but at-home he-stays. Gold therefore at-home the-old-man he-has!” For [170] now I-hide the- treasure carefully, but neighbours my always they come- up, they-stand-around, ‘How you-are, ‘Euclio® they-say, “What you-are-up-to?” Me unhappy! Hew worries trea sure my it-gives many [= many worries]! Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE pp. 36-7. EXERCISES FOR 1G Page 37 Exercises 1 time, timeze; toga, rogate: tae, tacete; cogita, cogitate; mone, monete; cura, curate; psside, possdete. 2 give a garlandl; carry waterl; stay in the housel; be quiet!; guard the treasure!; warn [your] daughter! 3 widecl; ge Euclioners; taetel;elae aula! Page 38 Brencises Tigo (ing), ite; cunt they go, i: its you (pl.) go. is I go, ims; it hef shefit goes, ext; imus we go, eo; extis you (pl.) go out, exis, abimus wwe go away, abeo; bitis you (pl) go away, abs; redeunt they return, redi;reditis you (pl) return, reds; ile go (pl), is rede I return, redimus exeunt they go out, ei 2 abimus, redeunt, bi, adits, exit, eo, vedi, Page 39 Exercises 1 ‘meo, tuo, abl. sing.; meas, tas, acc. pli mei, tui, gen. sing.s mem, ta, abl. sing.; meonum, tworum, gen. pl.; meo, tea, dat /ab. sing.; meae, uae,Exercises for 1C 34 gen,/dat. sing, nom, pj mem, tuwmm, acc. sing.; meus, is, nom. sing. 2 misero, dat. sing.; misera, abl. sing.; miser, nom. sings miseram, ace, sing.; misers, dat/abl. pl; miseri, gen. sing. ornom. pl.; miscranum, gen, pl; miseris, dat /abl. pli; miseronim, gen. pl. Page 40 Exercises X(@) Neither slave-girls nor slaves stay in my master’s house, ‘manet in dominonim meorum aedibus neque serue neque seuss, NB aedes (when it means house) is plural {b) ‘The wicked old man’s wicked slave-girl is annoying my master, ‘malorum senum malae seruae dominos meos uexant. (©) Your neighbour sees my neighbour (ui ici wieines moos uident (@) The poor old man's slave never stays in the house enum miserorans serui in aedibus mumquenn manent (©) The poor slave-girls never approach or pray to my Lar. serua misera ad Lares meos rumguam adit neque supplcat, (©) The wicked master immediately thrasher his slave-gitls, poor things. domi mull seruam stetim werberant, miserams. 2(2)malus ~ nom. anase. sing. =senex. —— multum — ace, mase, sing. = honorem. ‘The wicked old mar does therefore not have much respect. (b) med abl. fer. sing, = aula, tus — nom, mase. sing, = ignis. Your fire is in my pot. (©) meis~ dat /abh pl. = aeditus, multi ~nom. mase. pl. = paves. In tay house however live many fathers. (males =" acc. mass. pl, = sees. meus = nom, mase. sing. = Lar For iny Lar does not like wicked old men. (©) meus = nom. mase. sing. sing. = ignem. Does my father keep your fire safe? pater, tuum = ace. mase, Exercises for 1C 35 3(@) Money alone reigns. (b) The truth never dies. (©) A greedy man is always in need. (@) Death does not frighten a wise man off (© Death in a rout is disgraceful, but death in victory is glorious. Page 41 Exercise ‘ex agua, in oculum, ab igne, ad dominos, ab aedibus, ir scaenam. Pages 41-2 Reading exercises "1(@) The neighbour (masc. obj. sing) the olé man (subj.) unhappy (ase. subj. sing., going with ‘old man’). "The unhappy old man 5 (Latin verb -1) che neighbour (b) The master (mase. subj. sing.) for/because (frst word) my (masc. subj. sing,, agreeing with ‘master’) your (mase.? new.? subj.? obj? sing.) fire (mase. obj. sing., so ‘your’ goes with “For my master ~s (-1) your fire 4c) Neither I (aubj.) my (mase.? neut,? subj.? obj.? sing) neither you (eubj.) your (mase.? neut.? subj.? obj? sing.) slave (masc. obj. sing., 30 goes with ‘my" and ‘yout ‘Neither I my slave, nor you your(s) ~ (" (@) Then me (obj.) the slaves (masc. subj. pl) or of the slave (asc. © ® gen. sing) evil (masc, subj. pl. or masc. gen. sing.) ~ slaves must be subj., 2¢ no other subj. in sencence. “Then the evil saves ~ (-nt) me.’ ‘The slaves (masc. obj. pl) evil (nase. obj. pl.) neighbour (mase. subj. sing.) my (mase. subj. sing.). “My neighbour -s (-) the evil slaves. ‘The pot (fem. obj. sing), my (masc. vor. sing.) master (mase, vvoc. sing.), the slave-woman (fem. subj. sing.) evil (fem. subj. sing). “The evil save-woman, my master, -s (-) the pot” ‘The thief (mase. obj. sing.) unhappy (nase. obj, sing) L (subj) also. ‘Talso ~ (2) the unhappy thief?”Exercises for 1C 36 (H) The fire (mate, obj. sing.) you (subj), I (oubj) the water (fem. obj. sing) "You the fire, I~ (-o) the water." (Byes (mate, obj. pl.) my (masc. obj. pl) slave (fem. subj. sing.) your (fem. subj. sing) always "Your slave always -s (-t) my eyes. (Why the gold (neut, subj? obj? sing) and the ointment (neut. subj.? obj.’ sing) and the gariands (fem. obj. pl., so probably ‘gold’ and ‘ointment’ are ofj. too) Buclio (mase. subj. sing.) an happy (nase. subj. sing.) never. ‘Why does unhappy Euclio never ~ (1) the gold and ointmnent and garlands?" *2(a) Close up (verb, imperative) the casement (obj.), draw (verb, im perative) the blind (obj.), Shut out (verb, imperative) that (adj) stealing (adj) moon (obj, She (subj.) wears (verb) too much the guise (obj) she (subj.) wore (verb) Before our (adj. Jutes (sub.) were strewn (verb) With years-deep (adj) dust inoun, ‘with’), and names (aubj.) we (Gabj.) read (verb) On a white (adj) stone (coun, ‘on’) were hewn (verb). (©) Hail (verb, imperative), native (adj) language (nown, voc.), that by sinews (noun, ‘by") weak (adj) Didst move (verb) my first endeavouring (all adjs) tongue (obj,) to speak, ‘And mad'se (verb) imperfect (adj.) words (obj.) with childish (adi. trips (‘with’) (noun), Half unpronounced (adi, slide (verb) through my infant (edj.) lips (noua, ‘through’) (© Know (imperative) then thyself (0bj.), presume (imperative) not God (obj, co sean; The proper (adj.) study (Gubj.) of mankind (gen.) is (verb) man (complement). Pages 42-3 Reading exercise | Test exercise Omitted. Section 1C: Deliciae Latinae 37 ** English-Latin From now on, only the English~Latin will be translated in hese exercises. ~ ® (b) © @ ©) © semuae, exite et ignem rogate! fu auters, mi Ewelio, quare seruam miseram amas? Lt als senex servos werberat miseres! 2 me miserum! ut miserserex sum! imiserum senem misera fia amat, alae seruae ocul filiae miserae curam non widen DELICIAE LATINAE: IC Page 43 Exercise copia, ex-cogiteo, in-si-o, revinst-o, re-uerberso (NB v in English be- comes -u- im Latin), ex-porio, re-uoco, ab-rog-o, reser, ex-plico mansion, admonicion, Word exercises 2 Use an English dictionary to check your answers. ignite, ignition; binoculars, oculist; mansion; ‘mulevolens, malice; salvation, Everyday Latin nota is first conjugation. Real Latir: Vulgate ‘Honour thy father and thy mother.’ (Exodus 20.12) "Ye are the salt of the earth ye are the light of the world.’ (Matthew 5.13) Sayings of Cato Love your parents, Look after what you are given,Section 1D 38 Keep your modesty intact. Look after your household. Keep your oath, Love your wife. Supplicate the god, Epitaph The unbeautifal tomb of beautifil woman . ID crest yp, 0-12) NOTES FOR ID Page 10 179 mat: someone is loving ~ but who? He or she? We cannot tell till the subject is stated ~ Lyconides. Contrast |. 180. 185 te optimam habeo: i.e. "I regard you as the best’. See also Il 186, 188-9. Where habeo is constructed with two accusa~ ‘ives, it is likely to mean ‘regard x as v', cf. GVE 175 p25 186 egone ... tune ., 133, : for -ne, see these notes on Text p. 9, 188 ute. ita ego: so far ut has meant ‘how!’ But it has other ‘meanings, and in this sentence it means ‘25°, How do you know? Because icis eventually picked up by ita ‘so’, From now on, therefore, hold ut as ‘how!’ or ‘as’ until it is resolved. 194 sxoresuiros: uxores subject, uiros object: 398 winum diuiten pauperem ... faciunts ‘they make a tich man 60x’. Where faci 'I make’ is constructed with two accu satives, it will usually mean ‘I make x [into] ¥? Cf. on 1 185 above, 199 ut... ita: See on 188 above. Section 1D. 39 Page 11 203 satis pecuniae aurique: Latin says ‘enough of x’ (genitive); English ‘enough x’, So also with wimis ‘too much [of] |. 204, 207 quam uis uxorem: lit. ‘whom do you wish [as] wife?” Com- pare |. 185 above. 209 satis; here used to mean ‘quite’, qualifying puleira. 21113 Buctio ... non malus est: “Euclio is not an evil man’ is the main clause, interrupted by quamguam ... habet. TRANSLATION OF 1D The-drama’s characters Megadorus, neighbour of Buclio and brother of-Eunomia: -man rich, Eunomiia, sister of Megadorus. {275} (Lyconides son of-Eunomia he-is) ‘There-is a-neighbour of-Euclio, The-nime of-the-neighbour Megacorus it-is, Megadorus a-sister he-has. The-name of-the- sister Eunomia it-is. Megadorus therefore brother of-Eunomia he-is, Eunomia [is] sister of-Megadorus. Eanomia a-son she-has. The-name of-the-son Lyconides it-is. He/she-loves Lyconides Phaedra [=Lyconides loves Phaedra], Euclio's [180] daughter, Lyconides Phaedra he-loves, Phaedra Lyconides (Eunomia Megadorus fiom the-house onto the-stage she-leads) MEGADoRUS Best woman, give to-me hand your. EUNOMIA ‘What you-say, my brother? Who he/she-is best? The- woman for/oecause [fitst word] best not I-see. Tell to-me. MEG. [185] You best you-are, sister my: you best [-regard-as £uN. 1? best? You? me thus best you-regard-as? MEG. So F-say.BUR, MEG. BUN MEG. EUN. mes. BUN, MEG. EUN. MEG. EUN. MEG. EUN. MEG. Section 1D 49 As you me the-best you-regard-as woman, so I you brother Teregard-as the-best. Pay/give therefore to-me your-at~ tention, [190] Attention my yours it-is. Order, sister best, and ad- vise: J I-listen. What you-want? Why me from the-house you lead? Say to-ne. ‘My brother, now to-you ‘say. A-wife not you-have ‘Thus it-is, But what you-mean? If wife not you-have, no: you-have children. But wives men [r95] always they-look-after they-protect/and [= wives always look after men . ..] and beautiful children memorials beautiful of-men they-are. Why a-wife to- home not at-once you-lead? Tam-lost, I-am-done-for! Shut-up, sister, What you-sey? What you-want? I rich I-am; wives aman rich poor at- once they-make. ‘As you brother you-ate the-best, so I woman Lam the- best, sister/and [200] the-best your. You thus I-order I- advise/and: lead to-home a-wite! But whom in mind you-heve? A-wife rich But rich I-am enough, and enough of-money of-gold/and Lhave. Furthermore wives rich at-home too-much of- money of-gold/and they-asc-for. Not I-like [205] of- wives ich the-shouts, commands, ivory-adormed wagons, gar- ments, purple. But Tell to-me, I-ask, whom you-want wife? you want as your wife?] (himselPuith hecreflecs, then ...) A-gitl neighbouring, Phaedra by-name, daughter of-Euclio, enough beautiful she-is [2x0] Whom you-say? The-daughter? of-Euclio? As, how- ever, beautiful she-is, so she-is poor. For the-fither Phacdre money he-has nore, Euclio, however, although an-old-man he-is nor enough of-money of-gold/and hi has, not evil he-is. If tich wives they-are a-dowry/and great they-have, after Bxerises for 1D " the-wedding [215] great it-is wives’ extravagance. They- stand-about fuller, embroiderer, goldsmith, wool-worker, shopkeepers makers-of-bridal-veils [ie. all these people stand about]; they-stand-about makers-of-sleeves, they- stand-about retailers linen-weavers, shoemakers; sellers- ‘of-breast-bands they-hang-about, they-hang-about at-the- same-time girdle-makers. Money you-give, they-go-away. Then they-hang-about collectors-of-offerings in the house, weavers _concerned-with-makiag-ornamental- hems, chestemakers, Money you-give, they-go-away. 220] Unendurable it-is the-expense of-wives, if a-dowry large they-have. But if a-wife a-dowry not she-has, in the- power of-her-husband she~ Eun. Rightly you-say, brother. Why not to-the-home of- Euclio you-approach? Mec, approach, Look, Euclio now I-see, From the-forum he~ returns, BUN. Farewell, my brother, [225] (There-departs from the-scene the-sister of Megadorus) Me. And you farewell, sister my. Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 46. EXERCISES FOR ID Page 48 Exercises X dlc; ducunt; audios; dicimus, audits; dels anditel; ducitels dics, audi cudiunt. 2 caro x = Took after; celat 1 = he/she hides; habetis 2 = you (pl) have; ducunt 3 = they lead; rogas 1 = you ask; possidemus 2 = we possess; audio 4 = 1 hear. 3 you (pl. say, diss they hear, audit; we make prayers to, supplico; you (6.) hear, audit: 1 say, dicimus; we lead, duco; we hear, audio; they shout, clamat; you (s.) are silent, tcetis.Exercises for 1D 4 Page 50 Exercises 1 ‘magnum miserum pulchnem; magni misert pulchni; magno misero pulehro; ‘magia misera pulchra; magnoruom miseronant pulchronum. pulchranem miserorum; pulchris mises; pulehro musero; pulchrae miserae; ppulchrae miserae; puilcho misero; pulchras-miseres, pulchnum miseruri, ilchra misera; pulchrae miserae; pulchris miseris; pulchri mise, pulchros [Optional exercise omitted] Page 51 Exercise 1 (@) eins, (O) quas, (6) quid, (4) quod, (2) quem, (€) caus, (@) quem, (2) qui Pages 52-3 Brercises *1(@) —multam ~ ace, fem. sing. = pecunian, Excellent wives do not postess a lot of money, (b) miul'— nom, mase. pl = fii. ‘Many sons love my sisters, () optim ~ nom, mase. pl. = senes. Excellent old men do not annoy wretched slaves. (@)pulehras ~ ace. fem. pl. = sorores. Wicked brothers beit their beautiful sisters (6) mulei~ nom, mas. pl. = senes. Many old nien take beautiful women home. 2 into the house; in tae pot; cowards the Lar; from the fires; into she water; out of the pots; in the house; in the water; from the ‘master; Gut of the eyes. 3° im aedibus ad puellan ad fares; ab user; én saenan, in aedibus!; ex aqua; ab ignibus 'Misprine, repeat ofthe first question, Exercises for 1D 4B 4 Too many garlands; enough slaves; too much water; enough names; too many sisters; enough fre (2) What man do I hear? (b) Whose name are you now saying? (There is always enough gold in Euclio’s house (@) — Euclio’s unhappy daughter has too many cares. (©) As for you, however, which woman are you taking home? 6(a) Who is a good man? {b) Who is not tervified of poverty? (©) Who his his love well? (6) What is « happy life? Freedom from worry and continual peace (c) What is death? Bither the end or a transition. (© Unrestrained anger produces madness, (@ Fortune rules our life, not wisdom, Page 53 Reading *1(a) fact: Atlase the man is making me his on. (b) “habet: Buclio considers his neighbour rich, (© You could choose any person of the verb because the subject is not specified, e.g: faciunt: They make Euclio poor. (@) fact: Megadorus makes Buclio's daughter his wife (6) habeo: I however consider tich men unforcunare ©) fact: The master makes wicked slaves unhappy. : "2 Apollo (subj.) bows and from (prep.) Moun Ida's (gen.) Height Swift (adj) to (prep.) the Field precipitates his (adj) Flight (o ‘Thence, from (prep. the War, the breathless (adj.) hero (obj.) bore, Veit'd (adj) in (prep.) a Cloud, to (prep,) silver (adj.) Simoist gen.) shore: ‘There bath'd his (adj) honourable (adj) wounds (obj.), and drest His (adj) manly (adj.) Members (obj) in (prep.) th’ immoral (adj) Vest, ‘And wich (prep,) Perfumes of Sweet (adj) Ambrosial (adj) Dews (gen.}, Restores his (adj.) Freshness (obj,) and his (edj,) Form (obj.)Section 1D: Deliciae Latinae 44 Then Sleep (subj.) and Death (subj), two fad.) twins of winged (adj) Race (gen), OF matchless (adj.) Swiftness (gen.), bue of silent (adj) Pace (en), Received Sarpedon (obj.), at (prep.) the Gods" gen.) command, ‘And in (prep,) a moment reach'd the Lycian (adj) land (obj): ‘The Corps (obj,) amidst (prep. his (ad.) weeping (adj) Friends they (subj. laid, Where endless (ad) Honours (sub.) wait the Sacred (ad) Shade (obj). Pages 54-5 Reading exercise / Test exercise Omitted. ** English-Latin Latin-English omitted. (2) ut Phaedra optina ita est, ita Exctio pater optimus. (b) —pulehras feminae uxzores malas hateo. (©) quis fate uicini est mei? (@) optim wir pulchras uxores in matrinoninm ducunt. (©) puellae in aguam cunt. (©) nimis diues pecuniae habet, nimis curse. DELICIAE LATINAE: 1D Page 55 Word exercises 1. Check che meanings in an Englsh dicrionay. 2, nominative, nominate, nomendature; domicile, domestic; pecuni- ary, impecunious; feminine; valedictory; satisfaction. Everyday Latin ex libris ‘from the books [of ..’.:nside a book to show to whom it belongs. Section 1D: Deliciae Latinae 4s ex cathedra ‘from the papal seat’: an ‘infallible’ pronouncement by the Pope (hence, any authoritative statement). Dines The rich man who did not give help to the poor Lazarus. ad infinitum ‘to infinity’. in- = ‘not’ (finio = ‘I ené’). in uino weritas ‘truth is found] in wine’ (i.e, people tell the truth when they drink wine). ‘ad nauseam ‘to the point of vomiting’. deus ex machina ‘a god from the crane’. The crane was used in ancient Greek theatre to bring gods on stage, usually to resolve a dilemma intractable for the mortals involved in the plot. Hence it is used of the cause of resolution for any miraculous or suxprising event, ad astra ‘to the stars. Page 36 Word-building Induction, induce, inducement, reduction, reduce, abduction, abduct, conduction, conduct, conductor, seduce, Audition, audit, auditory, audience, Prediction, diction, malediction, benediction, cortradiction. Real Latin Martel It’s Thais that Quintus loves, “Which Thais?” One-eyed Thais, It's only one eye Thais doesn't have. He's short of tuo. (3.8) Africanus has 100,000,003 sesterces, but still hunts legacies. Fortune gives too much to many, but enough to no one. (12.10) Viilgate ‘The Lord is my shepherd (lit, “The Lord directs me’), Ordinary of the Mass In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Hely Spirit.Section 1B 46 TE (reste pp. 12-19) NOTES Fon TE Page 12 233 quare ... dicit: lit, “Why does he say me [to be] the best neighbour?’ i.e, ‘why does he call me the best neighbour?” Page 13 > 249 non dublum est: ‘it is not doubtful’ — ‘it’, because dubium is neuter, non dubju: est would mean ‘he is not doubtful’, non dubia est ‘she is not doubrful’ 249-50 0 scelus ... 0 pecuniam mean: Both these accusatives express an exclamation, cf. these notes on Text p. 7, 1. r00. 257 ut tu me: hold ut till solved; hold tu ... me till we find 2 verb. ita solves ut ‘as ... $0"); ego te looks as ifit balances I ‘me; cognou! provides the verb for both clauses ‘As you [know] me, 50 1 know you.” 257-8 filiam ... posco: I demand your daughter as my wife’, cf, 259 cwius filam: uxorem wis (‘as your wife’) and these notes on Text p. 12,1. 233 261-2 inidesne .. misersm: homo diues, nominative, is the same Person as ‘you’ in the verb irrides ‘you, a tich man’; homie nem... miserum is the object, 270s bonamque: Sf have a beautifal and good girl 2s my wife’ Page 14 277 optimum est: “it's t2e best thing’, cf. these notes on Text P13, 1. 24s. 278 ut: here means simply ‘2s’, not picked up by ita, 280 et: ‘also’, cf. these notes on Text p. 3, 1. 5, 287 uxorem . .. filiam meam: ‘my daughter as his wife! Section sE a7 288 ef tu et Megadorus: note et ... ef can mean ‘both .., and’, This should have appeared in GVE 32 p. $1 and in the total learning vocabulary. ‘too’, qualifying subitum (‘too sudden’). 289 nin TRANSLATION OF 1B (Hecdeparts from the-forum onto the-stege Euclio) zucLIO (Hlimseif-svith he-reflects) Now to-home I-return. For I -am here, mind my at-home it-is, MEGADORUS [230] Hail, Euclio, neighbour best. UC. (Megadorus he-sees) And you, Megadorus. (Hinselfvith he- reflec) What he-wants Megadorus? What plan he-has? ‘Why a-man rich a-poor-man ingratiatingly he-greets? Why me a-neighbour the-best he-ays? I-am-lost! Gold my he-wants! MEG. [235] You thoroughly you-are-well? uc. Certainly I-am-well, but not I-am-well from-the-poine- of-view-of money. Not enough of-money I-have, and poverty my hardly I-endure, zc. But why you poverty your hardly you-endure? If the-mind content it-is, enough you-have, Euc. [240] I-am-lost! I-am-done-for! The-scheme of- Megadonus obvious it-is: treasure my without-doubt he-wants, ‘8G. What you you-say? Ec. Nothing, Poverty me it-troubles and worries it-gives many. Poverty therefore hardly I-endure. For a-daughter I-have beautiful, but [245] poor I-am and a-dowry not I-have. MEG. Quiet! Good have spirit, Euclio, and pay/give to-me attention. A-plan for/because [first word] J-have. uc. What plan you-have? What you-want? (Himseifvith he- reflects) Scheme wicked! © villain! Nos in-doubt it-is. Money he-wants my! To-my-house at-once [250] I- return, O money my! (He-departs from the-stage into the-houe Euclio)MEG. Fue. MEG. Buc. MEG. gue. MEG. BUC. MEG. Buc MEG. Buc. Mec. Section 1B 8 ‘To-where you-go-off? What you-want? Say to-me. ‘To-my-house I-go-off (Ewlio he-departs. Soon onto the-stage he-returns) [255] The-gods me protect, safe it-is the-money. I-return to you, Megadorus, Say to-me, what now you-want? As you me, so J you I-know, Listen therefore, Daughter your wife I-demand [=1 demand your daughter as...) Promise! What you-say? Whose daughter wife you-want? {260} Yours. Why daughter you-demand my? You-laugh-at? me, a- man rich a-anan poor and unhappy [= Are you, a rich ‘man, laughing at me, a poor ...? Not at-you I-laugh. The-plan best it-is. ‘You younare a-man tich, f, however, poor; my rank yours not [265] itis, You you-are as-if an-ox, I as-if a-donkey. If the-ox thus he-orders ‘Donkey, carry the-load’, and the- donkey the-load not he-carries, but in the-mud he-lies, ‘what the-ox he-does? The-donkey not he-gives-a-second- glance-to, but he-laughs-at. Donkeys to oxen not easily ‘hey-cross-over. Furthermore, a-dowry not I-have. Plan therefore your not good it-is, [270] If [es] wife a-girl beautiful I-have good/and, enough of-a-dowry Ihave, and mind my content it-is enough, Enough wealthy Iam. What need of-money there-is? Promise! L-promise to-you daughter my, but no dowry. No for/ because ffirst word] I-have money. (275) Thus it-is as you-want. Why not marviage-rites at- once we-make, as we-wish? Why not cooks we-call? What you-say? By Hercules, best it-is. Go, Megadorus, do the-macriage- rites, and daughter my to-your-home lead, as you-wish — but without dowry — and cooks call. I for/because [first word] money not I-have. Farewell, [280] I-go. Farewell also you. (He-goes-out fiom the-stage Megadorus) Bercises for 18 9 BUC. Gods immortal! Money truly has-influence. Not in-doubt it-is: money my he-wants Megadotus, Hey you, Staphylal ‘You I-want! Where you-are, villain? You-come-out? from the-house? You-hear? me? Why in the-house you-wait? [285] (From the-house onto the-stage there-enters Staphyla) Today Megadorus cooks he-calls and matriage-rites he~ makes. For today [a5] wife to-his-home he-leads daughter my. STAPH. ‘What you-sey? What you-want both you and Megadorus? © gitl unhappy! Sudden it-is too-much. Stupid ie-is the scheme! UC. [290] Shut-up and go-away: do everything, villain, carry everything! J to the-forum I-depart. (He-goes-out Buclio) STAPH. ‘Now the-schemes crimes/and of-Lyconides lie-exposed! Now the-destruction of-the-daughter of-Euclio it-is- present. For today pregnant to-his-house he-leads a-wife Megedorus, nor plan I-have 1, I-am-lost! Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 58. BXERCISES FOR TE Page 60 Brercises x fais, andite, fount, forfdue, alt, facimus, fr, ite, is, poste, facia, cope dete 2 facimus we make, 1st pers. pl, fro; frthe brings, 3d pers. sing, fount: ult he wishes, 3ed pers. sing., uolunt ferant they bring, 3rd pers. pl, “fet, dic say, sing. imperative, dite, jee bring! pl. imperative, fer olumus we wish, 35t pers. pl., uole; est he is, 3rd pers. sing, sunt ext they go, 3rd pert. pl. #& fact you make, and pers. sing, facts; duce lead!, pl. imperative, dua ite gol, pl. imperative, i: capite capture, pl imperative, cape.Bens for 1B 50 Page 61 Exercises onus nom/ace, sing. multim, oners gen. sing, multi, onere abl sing. ‘multe, onera nom.acc. pl mult, onertbus dat abl. pl. mult Note: in the following answer * = agreement. pulchro: mase./neut., datJabl. sing.: oneris (newt. gen. sing.); *scelere (aeut. abl sing); domin (nase. gen sing nom. pl); fads (neut niom,/ace. sing); dei (mase. gen. sing); di (masc. nom. pl). ‘pulchra: fra. nom, sing. or newt. nom.Jace. pl: *femina (fem. nom, sing); *facinera (newt. nom./acc, pl); *selea (neut. nom,/ace. pl); seruae (fem. gen,/dat. sing./nom. pl); senex (mase. nom. sing). pulchrum: newt. nom./ace, sing, or mase, acc. sing.: “opus (neut. nom./ cc. sing.); *seruum (auase. acc. sing); fominam (Fem. acc. sing); senes (nase, nom /ace. pl.); "Laren (masc. ace, sing): *scelus (neut. nom./ ace. sing); fainoris (neue. gen. sing.) puleioram: newt /nasc, gen. pli *nominum (newt. gen. p.);seruarum fem. gen. pl); *deorum (mase. gen. pl); "rerum (masc. gen. pl), *scelerum (neut. gen. pl.). Pages 61-2 Exercise ®) (b) © @ © © st bona puella, She's a grod gith extne bona pueile? Is she 1 good girl? ‘nnus ad aedis Eucionis. We are going to Euclio's house. fmusne ad aedit Euclionis! Are we going to Euclio’s house? fort bene onus semua. The slave-woman catries the load well. Jfertne bene onus semua? Does the slave-woman carry the loed well? eptinum conslivm habent They have the best plan, eptimurnne consitium haben? Do they have the best plan? Euclio filam statim promitit. Euclio promises his daugher at once. Euclione fiiam statim promisti? Does Buclio promise his daughter at Megadonus satis pecuniae habet. Megadorus has enough money. Megadorusne satis pecuniae habet? Does Megadorus have enough money? Exercises for 1E st {g) _sororfatrem bene audit, The sister listens to her brother well serorne fatrem bene audit? Does the sister listen to her brother well? {h) seaenam uidetis, You see the stage. seaenamne uidetis? Do you see the stage? © Euetio honorem numguam dat. Euctio never gives respect, Eulione honoren numquam dat? Does Euclio never give respect? (i) sores minis auni semper habent. Wives always have too much gold. texoresne nimis auri semper habent? Do wives always have too much gold? Page 62 Exercises 1 into the house, out of the dowry, in mind, towards the men, from the water, out of the fires, at home, out of danger, into deata, towards the waters, into danger. 3(a) Where is Megadorus? What plan does he have? {b) Does the rich man want a beautiful wife? What's the problem? (©) [ therefore consider you to be good men.! (@) The slaves do too much villziny and too many wicked deeds in the house. (@) What burden are you carrying? Where are you going to? twos, occurring in some texts, is not learned till 15; the exercise should have te 3(@) Hasten slowly. [L.e. more haste, less speed!) (b) Goodness alone makes life happy. (The wise man does nothing unwillingly (@) An author praises his work. () There is no moderation in the mob. (6) Pleasure is neither a good nor an evil Page 63 Reading exercises 1(a)_Masc. refers to Megadorus Megadorus marries Euclio's daughter without a dowry. He is therefore an excellent man.(b) © «@) © © a ” Bxerises for 1E 32 Nout. refers to the fact gives in the ret sentence, ‘At home today, Megadoru: neither prepares the mariage-rites nor summons cooks. That is bad Fem, refers to Eunomiia, Eonomia isthe sister of Megadorus. She is a good woman. [Neut. refers to the fact given in the 1st sentence. Eunomia has a brother. There is no doubt. Mase. refers to Euclio. Euclio loves his daughter. He is not « bad man. Neut. refers to the fact given in the ist sentence, Euclio is afraid. That is not doubtful Neut. refers to the fact giver in the 1st sentence. Staphyla hears Buclio’s plan. That is a bed thing. Fem, refers to Staphyla. Staphyla returns into the house, For she is full of care. But anxious (adj) Cares (subj) the pensive (adj) Nymph (obj.) ‘oppress'd (verb), ‘And secret (ad) Passions (su3.) labour'd (verb) in her Breast. Not youthful fad.) Kings (subj) in Battle seiz'd (adj) alive (adj), Not som a) Virgins (xbj.) who their fad.) Charms (0bj.) survive (verb), Not ardent (adj,) Lovers (subj) robbed (adj) of all (adj) their (dj) Bliss, [Not ancient (adj) Ladies (suh.) wher. refused (adj,) a Kiss, Not Tysants (subj. fierce (adi) that unrepenting (adj) die (verb), Not Cynchia (uubj.) when her (adj) Mantle’s (subj,) pinned (verb) awry, Ee er (verb) such Rage (obj.), Resentment (0bj.) and Despair (obj), As thou, sad (adj.) Viegin! for thy ravish'd (adj.) Hair. Page 64 Reading exercise | Test exercise Omitted. Section 1B: Deliciae Latinae 53 ** English-Latin Latin-English omitted. (0) iridetne Euclonem, homo dives pauperem? (b) nom dubiuem est. senex puellr lias habe. (©) fin aed, serua. for onera (@) quid nowi? pecunianane uis? non dubinm est (©) quid wolunt? domunine exnt? onerane forint? boni sunt (©) bonum anima habe, dentine, nam facum optim es, DELICIAE LATINAE: TE Page 65 Exercise transmit, transmission; emit, emission; fiction, affect, infect, infection, prefect; translate, ransation, relate, eelative,tralaticious, prolaive; prod- uct, production, Word exercise 1. See an English dictionary for meanings: nuptial > naptiae; animate > ‘animus, hominid > komo; voluntary > wale; onus > onus (); fact > Sacio. 2, Consult an English dictionary. 3. Consult an English dictionary. Page 66 Real Latin Martial Tongilianus possesses a nose fie. 2 nose for a bad smell]. I know. I don't deny it. But now there’s nothing but a nose [for bad thing] Tongilianus hhas. (12.88) Our [fiend] Caccilianus, O Titus, does not dine without wild boar. A handsome table-companion it is Caecilianus hasi (7.59)Section 1 54 Vulgate ‘Save me, © Lord (lit. ‘Make me safe’). (Ps. 59) Father, if thou wilt, take this cup from me (Luke 22.42) Ordinary of the Mass We praise thee, we bless thee, we adore thee, we glorify thee, we give thee thanks for the sake of thy great glory; Lord God, heav- enly king, God the Father almighty. ILE rest pp. 14-17) NOTES FOR IF Page 14 298-9 nuptos .. conan ingentem: nuptas is the object of faere (to make matriage-tttals’), cenam ingentem of coquere (to cook a huge dinner’). Verbs meaning ‘to ~" in Latin (called in- tives) frequently control their own objects, as here. In- tives are introduced by words like uolo ‘I want 10, opus est there is need 1, dificil et i is difficult, ete Page 15 302 ita: precedes ut in this instance, 321 difficile est: ‘iis dificult’. dificle is neuter. So also facile, I. 323, 330. 324 tecum: te = ‘you’, cam = ‘with’, so ‘with you'((you-with’ in the translation). Page 16 330° mecum: me == 'me", cum = ‘with’, so ‘with me” (‘me-with’ in,the translation) 344 sects se. "himseli", cf. 324 above. TRANSLATION OF IF [295] (All the-cooks they-enter. The-names of-the-cooks Pytho- dicus, Anthrax, Congrio they-are. Pythodicus leader of-the-cooks he-is.) Section 1F 35 PyTHoDIcUS ‘Come, cooks! Enter onto the-stage, villains! Listen! Master my macriage-rites today to-make he-wants. Your therefore job it-is a-dinner huge to-cook. concRio [300] Whose daughter to-lead/marry he-wants? Py. The-daughter of-his-neighbour Euclio, Phacdra. ANTHRAX Gods immortal, you-know? the-man? A-stone not so it-is dry as Euclio. py. What say-you? AN. [305] From the-fire if smoke outside it-goes-out, he- shouts ‘My money it-has-disappeared! Take me to the- praetor!” When to-sleep he-wishes, a-bag huge on his- mouth he-places, while he-sleeps. py. Why? AN. Breath to-lose not he-wishes. If hz-washes, water to~ pour-away not [310] he-wishes. And at the-barber’s nail- clippings to-lose not he-wants, but all he-collects and to~ his-house he-carries. py. Now shut-up and listen, cooks all. What you to-do you- wish? Whose house to-go-into you-wish, villains? What you you-want, Congrio? CoN. I-wish I the-house of-2-man rich to-go~ ALL CooxKs [315] We all the-house of-Megadorus, a-man rich, to-go: into we-wish, not the-house of-Euclio, e-man poor and sad. py. How Euelio you he-worries! Now shut-up you all. (To Anthrax) You go-off into the-house of-Megadorus; (lo Congrio) you, to-the-house of Euclio. con. How it-worries me Euclio’s poverty! For Euclio, we- know, greedy and {320] sad he-is. In his-house nothing except emptiness and cobwebs huge there-are, Nothing he-has Euclio, nothing he-gives. Difficult it-is therefore at Euclio's dinner to-cook. py. Stupid? you-are, Congrio? Easy for/because it-is at Euclio'’s dinner to-cook. For no disturbance there-is. If anything you-want, from house your you-with [325] carry: for tocon, con. uc. con. Buc, con. Buc. con, BUG. ruc. Section 1F 56 nothing he-has Euclio But Megadorus rich he-is. At ‘Megadorus’ there-is a-great disturbance, great pots silver, many clothes, much gold. If anything slaves they-lose, they-shout ai-once ‘Cooks they-take-away all goods! Thieves they-are cooks all! Seize the-cooks cocky! Flog the-rascals!’ But at [330] Euclio’s easy it-is nothing to- take-away: nothing forjbecause he-has! Come me-with, of-crimes the-source! T-come. Aaaargh! Citizens all, give way! Isam-lost, am-done-for I unhappy! O rascal evil! Come-back, cook! To-where [335] you-flee you, of-crimes the-source? Why? L-fice I because me to-flog you-wish. Why you-shout? Because a-knife huge you-have, rascal! But J a-cook I-am, We all cooks we-are, All therefore knives huge we-have, [340] You all rascals you-are. What business there-is in house my? I-want to-know everything. Shut-up therefore. A-huge we-cook dinner, The-marriage- rites for/because today of daughter your there-are. (himselfvith hecreflecs) O scheme audacious! Liar the-man he-is: all [345] my gold to-find he-wants. Wait, cooks all Stand there. ‘Buclio his-howse he-enters. At length from-thechouse he-comtes- out and onto the-stage he-enters. A-poiin-his-hands he-carres) Gsimself-with henreflets) Now all the-treasure in this pot I- carry. All [350] by-Herccles the-gold now me-with always Lsshall-carry. Go all inside. Cook, or depart from the- house, rascals! (They-depart thescooks, Buel himself-with hecreflecs) A-schems bold it-is, when aman poot with a-rich-man business to-do/have he-wants, Megadorus gold my to-find ind [358] to-carry-off he-wants, He-sends therefore cooks into my house. ‘Cooks’ I-say, but thieves they-are all! Now what plan best it-is? Me unhappy! Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 68. Exercises for 1F 7 EXERCISES FOR TF Page 69 Brercise haere to have; explicare to explain; clare to hide; inuenire to find; manere to stay; "rede to return; duccte to lead; divere to say; poscere to demand; stare to stand; regare to ask; figere to excape; amitere to lose; *auferre to take away; facere to make, do; *esse to be. Note: *indicates an irregular verb. If you have made any mistakes, check the Conjugation of the verb. Pages 71-2 Exercises 1 per audas, puerum andacery, pueri audecis, puero audac, puero ade pert audaces, puerosaudaces, pueronim audecium, pueris audecbus, pues audacibus; omnis aqua, omnem aquam, onnis aguac, omni aquae, emi ud, onines quae, omnes aguas, ommiuim aguarum, omaibus agus, cm dus aguisy ingens peviculum, ingens periubwm, ingens perc, ingent periclo, ingenti periulo, ingentia periula, ingentia periule, ingentium pevculoram, ingentibus periulis, ingenious perculi 2 [Noun [Case [Number] Gender] omnis | ingens | audax seme | gen. 8. f commis | ingents | audacis dat. |s. comani | ingenti | audaci nom. | pl. comes _| ingentes| audaces thesauri | gon. |s. m. [omnis | ingentis | audacis nom. | pl. omnes | ingentes| audaces vawlor ace. | pl. im. | omnis | ingentis | audacs Ge) La) | Ges) dominuz_[nom. | s. m. [omnis | ingens | audax nominibus | dat. | ph. n. omnibus | ingen | aucdaci- tibus | bus abl. | pl. omnibus ingen | audaci- situs | busExercises for 1F 38 constium [nom. |. a fomme | ingens | anda ace. |s. comme | ingens | audaxe cna [abl [s. [omni | ingenti | audac turbarom | gem. |p — [& —— [ommium | ingen- | andar ‘ium | eum ul aa. |s. me [omni | ingenti | andact pranias [ace. [pt [£ | ommie | ingents | audacs ce) | Ge) | Gon) puella fable | omni | ingenti | audact periulo | dat. |. a. omni | ingenti | andac abl. |. mini ingenti | audact ‘git |nom.]s. me |omnis | ingens | anda gen. |s. omnis | ingents | audacis aninis [dat. [pl ]m. — [omnibus| ingen | audac- sibus | bus abl. | pl omnibus ingens | audadi- sibus | bus 3 ingentem acc, sing, masc/fem.: deum ace. sing. masc.; audax nom, sing. masc/fem. or nom/acc. sing. newt: consilum nom./ace, sing neut., homo nom. sing. masc., dominus nem. sing, mas; omium gen. pl. miascfem,/neut.: quorum gen. pl. mase, tvster nom./ace. pl. ‘masc./fem.: animos ace. pl. mase., demini nom. pl. masc., filiae nom. pl. fem., aedis acc, pl, em. fala nom,/ace./pl. neut. sélera nom.) ace, pl. newts difili dit. /ab. sing. mase./fem./neut.s coquo dat fal sing. mase, fii abl. sing, fem., exitio dat/abl. sing. newt. Page 73 Brercises 2(a) Therefore the bold cook wishes to cook a huge dinner. (b) Why do you want to know all the names of the cooks? (However you have s bold plan in mind. (© When you want to come into the house, call us at once, (©) Every poor man want to do bold crimes, © Ahuge crowd ofboldmen is approsching the house of Megedorus Exercises for 1F 39 2(@) Many women neither sleep nor cook dinner. (b) He is raking the goods away. (You (pl.) want to know everythi (@ Handsome men love beautiful worsen. (6) Everyone wants to have money. (9) Many men fice, but many stand firm, {g) Arich man does not lave a poor one. (h) All good men care for citizens. (@ Wicked men consider wicked deeds. (Money wonties everybody. 3(@)_Every age fof life] is both short and fia (b) Old age isan incurable disease. (©) Anger is a short madnes. (@ Man is an animal possessing reason. fe) The way to a happy life is easy (6) Ieis difficult not to weit satire. g) Ici difficult suddenly co lay aside 2 long-lasting love. (h) To change nature indeed is dificul. @ Woman is fickle and changeable thing, Gi) An old man who is a soldier is « disgraceful thing; love in an old ‘man is a disgraceful thing, Page 74 Reading exercises 10) () © @ © © *2(a) ) © @ ‘The intellect (subj.) of man is forced (verb) to choose (infin) Perfection (obj,) of the life, or of the work. To ere (ubj., infin.) is (verb) human, to forgive (subj. infin.) divine And that some prayer (subj.) does teach us (obj.) all to render infin.) ‘The deeds (obj,) of mercy. We'll (subj) teach (verb) you (obj,) to érink (infin.) deep. To make (1uhj, infin.) dictionaries (obj, is (verb) dull work, Love (subj) looks (verb) not with the eyes but with the mind, ‘And therefore is (verb) wing’d Cupid (bj) painted (verb) blind. sult; Where does the poor man want to have a huge diner? ais: Where do you wish to enter? tuilt Every poor man wishes to beat the wozties of a rich man. uwobumus: We staves wish to love beausial giels and to cay off our master’s gold.Section 1F: Deliciae Latinae 60 (0) solun: All citizens want to bear an easy burden. (©) uulls: You never wish to cook dinner at Euclio's house Pages 74-5 Reading exercise / Test exercise Omitted. ** English-Latin. Latin—English omitted (@)cenamne in aedibus Euclionis, wir pauperis, coquere wultis? (b) sera audaces fugere ex cedibus uoiunt. (©) quae fering Seraum audacem inuenire non wult? (@)— domini bi cenam magnart wolunt, coquam born rogant. (©) femina pulehra turbars magnan fr. 4) apud tamen diuitem conae optima sunt DELICIAE LATINAE: IF Page 76 Word exercises 1. For meanings, consult an English dictionary: civilised > oii nibil- istic > niily cook > coguus, cormitory > dormio; fugitive > fugio; negotiate > negotium; initial > inco; invention > inuenio; science > scio; emit > mito, 2. facile; audacious; omnibus; arid lapidary; tonsure, Real Latin. Sayings of Cato Sleep as much as is enough, Avoid gambling, Avoid prostitutes. Vulgate Blessed are the poor, for yours is the kingdom of God. (Luke 6.30) Settion 1G o Giovanni Cotta T'm in love ~a fact 1 admit ~ with my Lycoris, As young men do love pretty gitls; My Lycoris loves me, as I think, As good girls love young men. Mottoes Do right and fear nething. (On the side of God and one’s father. Victory loves care, i.e. success depends on close attention to dewal. IG Crest pp. 17-20) NOTES FoR 16 Page 17 358-9. ic mi. mihi custos: “ay to me’, fa guard for me’. You will have to work out whether ‘to’ or ‘for’ is she best answer for this new range of words. Page 18 y7o-1 quid mihi... are: mihi here means ‘from me’, as fre~ quently in this passage with aufero, ‘I take x fom ¥'. 373 quid ... est: ‘what business is there to you with me?', ie. “what business do you have with me?” See GVE 48 2 p. 79 for clauses like ‘there is to you’ meaning ‘you have’. 377 rede... mihi: ic. ‘give [it] back to me’. Latin often omits such words (pronouns): supply them in English from the context, e.g. L379 ragas? ‘ace you asking me', 1. 382 da miki ‘give it to me’ and frequently from now on Page 19 410 summa pulehritudine, nulla continenti@: we would join these two with ‘and’ or ‘but’ in English. Cf. 1. 425.Section 1G on 413° de fita: fig has a long -d here, the marker of the ablative in first declension nouns. Cf. 1. 425, and contrast the short ~4 of culpa mea (nominative) at 1. 420. 418 es: not ‘you are’, but ‘bel’ (imperative). So also Il. 424, 427. For bono animo see anino bono in the vocabulary. 427 miki ignosce: ‘pardon me!” Some Latin verbs put the direct object in the dative, as here, not the accusative. TRANSLATION OF 16 zuctIO Look! A-shrine [-see, Who god of-the-shrine he-is? Ah. Trust itis. Say to-me, Trust, you? you-wish for-me a- guard good to-be? For now to-you I-bring [360] all gold my; the-pot of-gold full well guard, Trust! Stop thieves all. Now to-shrine your gold my I-entrust. Gold in shrine your placed iteis. (Buclio into the-house he-returis. Onto the-stage he-enters Stro- bilus the-slave, AU Buclio’s words he-hears) stRosinus [365] Gods immoral! What I-hear? What he-says the- man? What he-does? Gold? to-the-shrine he-entrusts? Gold? in the-shrine placed it-is? Why into the-shrine not I-enter and the-gold from-the-man unhappy [-take-away? {Strobilus into the-strine he-goes-in. Euclio however he-hears and from-theshouse he-comes-out. Strobilus in the-shvine he-finds) BUC. [370] Go outside, worm! Why into the-shrine secretly you-creep? What from-me from the-shrine you-carry-off, rascal? What you-do? (Buclio at-once to-the-man blows he-gives) sR, What to-you business me-with there-is? Why me you- flog? BUC. Most-floggable-one, still me you-ask, thief, triple-thief? ‘What from-me from the-shrine [375] you-take-away? ste. Nothing from-you [-take-away. UC. Come, give-baek at-once to-me. STR. Buc. STR. Buc. STR, BUG. sTR, Buc. STR, auc. STR. Buc. STR. EUG. str. BUC. STR. Buc. STR. BUC. STR, Buc. STR, Buc. sTR BUG. Section 1G 63 What you-want me to-you to-give-back? You-ask? [380] Nothing from-you I-take-away. Come, give to-me. Nothing I-have. What you-wish for-you? Show to-me hand your. To-you I show. [385] Come, hand to-me show the-other. There for-you. see. Come, the-third also show. ‘The-man mad he-ist Say to-me, what from the-shrine you-take-away? [390] The-gods me they-destroy! Nothing I-have, nothing from the-shrine I-take-away! Come again to-me show your-hand right. There. Now left also show. Look both I-hold-out. [395] Give-back to-me what mine itvis. Say to-me, what me you-wish to-you to-give-back? ‘Without-doubt you-have Tehave 1? What I-have? Not to-you I-speak. Come, give-back to-me. [400] Mad you-are! T-am-lost! Nothing he-has the-man. Go-away at-once, rascal! Why not you-go-away? T-go-away. (Euclio into the-shrine he-goes-in. Thesgold hesfinds, and fiom the-shrine he-carries, In another place secetly he-conceals) [405] I-am-done-for, I-am-lost! To-where [-run? To- where not Iran? (To-the-audience) Hold hold’, ‘I take’), hold the-thief! But who the-thief he-is? ‘What thief I-say? I-do-not-know, nothing I-see, blind I- go. Who pot my of-gold fill he-takes-away from-me? (To-the-audience) Say to-me, audience, who the-pot he- has? You-do-not-know? O me unhappy! [4x0] (Onto the-stage there-enters Lyconides, a-young-man off with-great beauty, offwith-no restraint)Section 1G 64 LYCONIDES ‘What man before house our he-is-weeping? By-Pollux, Euclio it-is, Phaedra’s father. Without-doubt J I-am-lost, For Euclio aman offwith-great uprightness he-is; for- fact everything about his-daughter he-knows, What for~ me better it-is to-do? Better it-is for-me to-depart or to stay? By-Pollux, I-do-not-know. Buc. [415] Hey you, who yor-are? yc. J -am unhappy, uC, More-precisely Lam. Lc, Be offwwith-good spirit [cheerful], Buc. What to-me you-say? Why me offwith-good spirit to-be you-wish? tye. [420] The-deed mine it-is, I-confess, and the-blame mine. Buc. What J from you I-hear? Lye, Nothing except true. The-deed mine it-is, the-blame mine, EUG, O rascal, why you you-touch what mine it-is? Ly, Ido-not-know, But offwith-spirit content be [= calm, collected}! Me pardon! uC. [425] Shame on-you! A-young-man offwith-great bold- ness, offwith-no restraint you-are! Why you what mine it- is you-touch, shameless-one? Lye, Because-of wine and love. Offwith-spirit content be! Me pardon! Euc, Rascal, shameles-one! Too cheap wine and love itmis, if for-a-drunkard it-is-permitted whatever-he-likes to-do. Lyc. [430] But Fa-young-man offwith-great uprightness I-am, and to-have [wish what yours iti. uc. What you-say to-me? Shameless-one, at-once to-me hand-back what mine it-is. Lc, But what you-wish me to-you to-hand-back? BUC. [433] That which from-me you-take-away. Lye, But what it-is? Nothing from-you I-take-away! Say to- me, what I-have which yours it-is? Buc. The-pot of-gold full I-say! Give-back,to-me! Now learn the Learning Vocsbulary at GVE p. 78. Exercises for 1G 6s EXERCISES FOR 1G Pages 79-80 Exercises x seni misero, senibus misers; puellae audaci, puellis sudacibus: pwero in gent, pueris ingentibus, oneri multe, oneribus nuts; consiio awdac, ‘onsilis endacibus, 2 enimey uit, andeciae, divitibus, one, fii, aquie, domino, ignibus, ai, feiis,conomae, conslio, 3) seruis ingentibus, mihi, seni misero, sors mals, nobis tb 4G) Then the Lar of the household gives Euctio a pot fll of go. (b) The wretched old man however entrust all the gold to the shrine, (©) But the bold slave wants to take the gold away from the wretched old man, (@ However, Euclio shouts in this way to the wicked slave: “What business have you got in the shrine? What are you taking away from me?" (©) Therefore the slave is aftaid and doesn’t take away the gold from Enclio. (6) Buc Buclio takes away che pot from out of the shrine, because now hhe doesn’t want to entrust the gold to the god Pages 80-1 Exercises seme misero, senibus misers, puella audaci, puelis audacibus; puero ine gent, pueris ingemtbus; onere mult, oneribus mule; consitio audaci, concillsaudacis. 2 card, anim, cudacis, homine, usore, pecan, flit, domino, jgnibus, hhonoribus, fering, coronis, consti, sclere. "3 in fano, a ferind, ex aguis, in selere, ex animo, in consti, ex ignibus, (2) Buclio isa man of the highest self-control (b) Lyconides is 2 young man of the highest besuty, (but) of no self control (6) Be of a calm frame of mind, my son. (@) You are a slave-woman of the highest boldness fand] the highest beauty, [but] of no self-control.Exercises for 1G 6s (©) Lam ina cheerful frame of mind, because I have as my daughter a irl of the highest geodness, 5G) Fortune helps the brive. (b) No one is faithful in love. (©) Allareis an imitation of nature (@)_Teath lies open for everyone. (©) Death is common to every age. (©) The gods carc for great things, but do not bother with small ones. (@ The British have long hair, and have every part of their body shaved except thei head and upper lip. Pages 81-2 Reading exercises x(a) ‘The bold slave says many wicked things co the wretched old (b) Show me ointment [and] garlands and gole. (2) There is too much worry for my wife at home. (©) Why do you not give back my gold 20 me? (©) Upromise my daughter to you because you are a good neighbour. (©) Beautiful wives always take away gold from rich men, because they want to give much money to the cooks. @) [give you many slaves and much money. (6) [never entrust anything to a bold slave and a beautiful slave- @ wish to promise my daughter to a rich man, because | have no dowry. (We have a gatland at home, you [pl] have ointment, "2 (possible answers) (2) dant: All citizens give money to good men. (b) das: Why do you give me gold? (©) est: We are in a cheerful fisme of mind. (2) cedit: Euclio entruss the gold to the shrine, not to the bold man. () _aufer: Why do yeu take away all the garlands and all the oint ment from us? (©) est: Bold giuls and handsome young men have no self-control. (@) ceo: [bide from the man my daughter's dowry. {h) _promittit: Why does your father not promise you as a wift to me? (i) est: You villain, what business do you have in my house? (dat: Boldness gives sourage to every good youag man. Section 1G: Deliciae Latinae o Pages 82-3 Reading exercise | Test exercise Omitted. ** English-Latin Latin-English omitted. (0) Phaedra pula summa pulchritadine est. (b)__aequo animo es et aurum seruo auf. (6) ones senes ciuibus bonis aulas pecuniae plenasreddunt (@)_ tos autem quare coronaen ineni aufertis? (©) quid uobis nogoti est in fano Laris mei? (©) est miki fis optimus, tuuents summis uiriuibus. DELICIAE LATINAE: 16 Page 83 Word-building Exercise e+ woco {call out, sunsmon; craum- + duco Ulead rowel per + fais very easy; trens--+ mito I send across; re(@)-“+ eo L resurn; pro=-+ wideo T see in advance; e+fero 1 carey out; prae-+Jacio | inake in charge (of); ‘e+ mito I send away (also ‘T lose’); re + do I give back; sub- + duco Lake from under, withdraw, remove (ometimes implying ‘by stealth’); e+ duco [lead out; sub- + €0 I go under, per-~ multus very many; ante- + firo I carry in front; trans- + do [ give across, { hand over; per-++fio | do to the end, I completes crcum--+ do 1 surround; de- + duco I lead down; re-++fero I bring back; de-+ wow T call away; sub- + mitto I bet down; per- + sto I stand firmly. Page 84 Brentise 1. listenes; manager; harassing; invention; plaa(ning); diction; trouble- aiaker, promise; misdeed; favour; dwelling, 2. wexation-is, dietion-is, habitetlon-it, inuention-is, auditoris, tratorSection 1G: Deliciae Latinae 6a Real Latin Valgate Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespastes. (Luke 11374) Mottoes Not for ourselves, but for everyene Not for myself, but for God and the King. Not for myself, but for my fatherland. For God, King and Country. For God, Fatherland and you. Glory to God. Section Two Plautus’ Bacchides QA (test pp. 26-31) NOTES FOR 2A ‘The translation remains very literal, but reverts to regular English word-order. The subject-matter may encourage you to make more colloquial translation for yourself, In this Section, the future tense is introduced, ‘I shall/will -', e.g. 1.14 poteris "you will be able’ (future), contrasted with potes ‘you are able’ (present), These new forms are all given individually in the vocabulary, Page 27 10 olo ... fallere: I want you to deceive the old man’ or ‘I want the old man to deceive you’? Obviously the first (from context), but double accusatives are common with infinitives and care needs to be taken. 11-12 facile erit senem ... decipere: “it will be easy" expects ‘to x’ ~ solved only with decipere at the end of the sentence ‘to deceive’. This in turn explains senem accusative ‘to deceive the old man’ 14 facile: here an adverb, ‘easily’ (contrast facile ert, 11 above). So also Text Il. 15, 21, 32 etc. 36 decipere: why infinitive? Solved by difficile est ‘it is difficule 10. 18-19 senem pecuniam: two accusative nouns, solved by habere noloSection 24 70 ‘I do not want x to have ¥', obviously ‘the old man to have the money’, Compare Text |. 20, where nos pecuniam is solved by habere mais. Note this very common pattern and be ready to hold double accusatives until they are solved. 20 seni dare: precede with ‘and’ or ‘but’ and supply ‘it’ ‘the money’) as the object of dare 25 multa mala: neuter plural, ‘many evil [things]’. See GVE 14 Noves 7, p. 23. CE Text 1. 33 omnia ‘everything’ (see GVE 47 p. 72), 1. 39 wera ‘true things’, ‘the truth’ Page 28 46 quam: here ‘than’. 48 nomen est mihi Chrysalo: lit. ‘the name is for me Chrysalus’, i.e. ‘my name is Clzysalus'. One might expect Chrysalus, but Churyselo is attracted into the dative because mii is dative. Page 29 58-61 An extended image from laying siege to a city, in this case, the old man, 68 stim... lium: the tabellae are wooden tablets with waxed inner surfaces, on which the message was scratched with the stilus. When the message had been written, the tablets were closed face to face and bound with linus, The knot of the linuin was then sealed with wax (cera), and imprinted with the signet ring of the sender. 74 twalteram .. alteram: alter (here feminine, altera) means you are talking about one or the other of two people. So the first altera refers to one woman, che second to the other. Page 30 82 ita ut esse uolunn 1s we wish [it] to be’. 112-15 See these notes on Text |. 68 above. Page 34 124 meus supply oficiem. Section 24 n TRANSLATION OF 24 The play’s characters (= The cast list] Nicobulus, a rich old man, Mnesilochus' father, a man of the highest seriousness, [but] of no wisdom. Mnesilochus, Nicobulus’ son, lover of the one Bacchis (Bacchis q). Pistoclerus, Mnesilochus’ friend, lover of the other Bacchis [Bac- chis 2]. [5] Chrysalus, Nicobulus’ slave, a man of the highest astuteness. Cleomachus, a soldier, the other lover of Bacchis 1 (Enter Mnesilochus, Pistoclerus, [and] Chrysalus) MNESILOCHUS Listen to me, Chrysalus. For you are a slave of great astute- ness and of much intelligence. I want you to manufacture # second way [to get] to my father. [t0] I want you to trick the clever old man cleverly, and to take the gold away from the old man, Surely it will be easy to deceive the old man, a man of great stupidity [and] of no intelligence. CHRYSALUS Lean't. Mn. You can’t? Go on and you will easily be able [to]. cur. [x5] How, you crimincl, will I easily be able [to]? Who is now able to manufacture a second way {to get to] the old man? [v's difficult enough to deceive (him) once. But now our old man considers me untruthfil, therefore I shall not be able to deceive the old man for a second time. But I prefer you to have the money; I don't want the old man to have the money. ue. [20] If you prefer us to have the money, [and] you don’t want to give [it] to the old man, come, Chrysalus, do everything, Go on and you will exsily be able [to] cin. But Mnesilochus, your father knows everything, What can I do? He considers me untruthful and will never believe me, even if [say to the man ‘Don’t believe me,” PIsTOCLERUS [25] And he’s saying many bad things about you, Chrysalus. cx. What's your fither saying about me?MINE. car, MNE. cr. MNE. cur. MINE, CHR PL cua. MNE. CHR, MINE. cur, Me. Section 24 np He is speaking thus abost you: ‘If Chrysalus says to me “Look, I see the sun”, then [ refuse to believe Chrysalus. For it won't be the sun, but the moon, If Chrysalus says to me “I's day", I won't believe [him]. For it will be night, [30] not day.” Your father is speaking thus? The gods are preserving me! Be of good heart, I'll exsily deceive the man today, by Hercules! Listen. I have a bold plan. But first tell me — what do you prefer? For today I can do everything, [35] We prefer today to have both the girls and the money. So today you will have both the girls and a huge [sum of] money. For I shall give it] to you. Today both the girls and the money will be yours. ‘You will give [them] to es? Will the girl be mine? I don't want you to make a joke. I prefer you to tell the truth, [40] I'am not making a joke, for today [your] father will give you a huge [sum o°] money. Today, Mnesilochus, you'll have your girl, just as your heart hopes. Will I have my git!? Do you promise? Thus I promise. Tt will be an easy thing. For [your] father will give you everything, [45] Then indeed, Chrysalus, we will give huge thanks to you. Now ~ what do you want us to do? For we prefer to help [rather] than do nothing. T want you to do nothing except make love, But how much. gold do you want to have for yourselves? Ask [and] I shall give it to you. For my name is Chrysalus [Goldie]. But now how much gold will be enough fot you, Mnesi- lochus? Tell me {50] I want you to give me two hundred coins for Bacchis, I will give [them] to you. But two hundred coins won't be enough for us, because after [our] victory we will have expenses. For after [our] victory, we will ron up great expenses, [55] First I'll take action about the two hundred coins, then about the expenses. Everything will be easy for me. But what plan do you have? What will you do? Tell ine. I want to hear, car PI. CHR Pr, cur Pr. MINE. CHR MINE, cHR MINE. cur MINE. CHR MN. cuR Pr. CHR PI, cur MNE. cur. Section 2A B ‘You will hear. Concerning the two hundred coins, I shall first aim a catapult at our old man. If the catapult destroys [his] tower and ramparts, I shall at once invade [60] the ancient town through the gate. If I capture the town, you'll carry your gold away from the town in baskets Then you'll be able t9 give [it] to [your girl], just as your heart hopes, Mnesilochus. The matter will be easy, the road smooth. Our heart {= hopes] is in your hands, Chrysalus, 65] If you want to help, you'll go off inside, Pistoclerus, to Bacchis and you'll quickly bring in ... “What? Tell une and T'll do [i] at once. What shall I bring in? ‘You will bring in a stylus, wax, tablets [and] thread. I'll do [it] now. [70] (Pistocerus exits from the stage [te go] to Bacchis) What will you do now? Tell me. You have your Bacchis. Docs Pistoclerus have a mistress? Yes indeed: the other Bacchis [2]. [So] you (have] the one, fand] Pistoclerus has the other Bacchis? Where’s [75] your dining couch? ‘What's the problem? Why do you want to know? ‘You don’t know my plan, but it'll be huge. Give me your hand and come with me to the doors. Look, [here's] my hand. Lead on. [80] (Chrysalus yives Mnesilochus his hand and approaches the door) Look inside, Good. The place is very beautiful thus, [exactly] as we want [it] to be. (Re-enter Pistoclerus onto the stage) ‘As you command thus do I do. [8s] What do you have? T have everything. I'm bringing stylus, wax, tablets and thread. Good. Now Mnesilochus, you'll take the stylus. ‘What nex? T'll speak, [and] you will write my words. For I prefer you to write, because [90] thus your father will recognise theMNE. cur. PL, cHR MNE. PL MNE. cHR MINE. cuR, MONE. CHR. MONE. cur. MNE, MNE, cH, Section 24 ” letters {handwriting] when he reads [it]. Be of good spirit! Write! ‘What things shall } write? TU tell [you]. Weite ‘Mnesilochus greets {his} father. But now, father, I don’t want Chrysalus to deceive you again. For..." [95] Wait while he writes. You're speaking too quickly, Chrysalus. ‘The hands of lovers ought to be swift, My hand is swift, Chrysalus, No, you will have 2 swift hand when you are holding the money in your hand. Speak. [100] ‘For, my fatker, Chrysalus is devising tricks, because he wants to deceive you again. For he wants to take the gold from you and he's saying “Today, I'll take the gold away from the stupid old man.”’ Write [that] nexc co [it]. 1 will write [it] alongside, Speak now. ‘And he’s saying “Today I'll give you the gold, Mnesi- lochus, [2nd] you'll [ros] be able to give the gold to [your] mistresses.” But, facher, I bid you to beware.” (Clorysalus is silent while Mnesilochus write) Speak now. ‘Write also... (Chirysalus says nothing but thinks to himself [210] Speak now, fand] I'l write [it “But, father, I don’t want you to beat Chrysalus. I prefer you to bind Chrysalus' hands, land} keep Chrysalus at home.’ You, give [me] the wax and thread. Come, tie [it] up, [ang] seal fie) quickly. 1 shall tie (i} up, [and] seal fit] [215] (Mnesilochus tes up and seals the tablets) T beg [you], why do you want me to send such a letter to [my] father? What alan do you have? What use will it be if my father is wary and binds you and keeps you at home? Because ! want the matter to be thus. Surely you are able to take care of yourself? I shall take care of [120] my job. Give [me] the tablets. Becerises for 24 7 MB. Take [them]. cur. Pay attention, Mnesilochus, and you, Pistoclerus. I want you to lie down with your mistresses in the dining room now. Do not get up, until I give the signal. You take care of your job, and] I shall take care [125] of mine. MNs, © excellent general! Pt cur. And bold slave! Now you ought to be making love to your mistresses. MN. We're off! [130] (Exeunt Mnesilochus and Pistocleras to the dining room) Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 87. EXERCISES FOR 2A Page 89 Exercises x * celatunt, they will hide, clbit, dni, be wil Bind iment, fies, you (e) wil lose, ames, 3; abba, we shall have, hat, Br eequen, hey will cook, ceque, bei, he wll oder, inlet, 2 werberabis, you (@) will bess, uederait, 1; ceder, he wilt belive, redent, 3; capietis, you (pl.) will capture, capies, 3/4; seribamm, I shall verte, sebemus, 3 fient, they will do, fei, 9/43 audit, you (pL) will hear, audies, 4. credit, cedent, they will believe; salutat, salutabit, he will grees; seribit seribet, he will vce; fers, fees, you (6) will bear: esti enti, you (pl) will be; i, iit, he will go; age, rabo, 1 shall ask; enran, saurabint, they will take cate of. do, dabit, he will give, dabunt, they will give; camo, clamabit, he will shout, damabunt, they will shout; maneo, marebit, he will wait, man- burt, they will wait; taco, tacebit, he will be silent, tacebuat, they will be silent; duco, duet, he will lead, ducent, they will lead; poo, poset, hhe will demand, poscent, they will demand; dormio, dont, ke will sleep, dormient, they will sleep; wincio, uinciet, he will bind, mincient, they will bind; capo, eapiet, he will capcure, eapient, they will cap~ ture; fiugio,fugel, he will flee, fugient, they will ee; sum, ent, he will be, etun, they will be: redeo,redbit, he will return, redtbune, they will return,4 Bcentises for 24 76 You will hear audies, they will call wocabunt; I shall make feciamy; we will speak dicentus; you (pl) will be silent tacbits; he will lead duces; ‘we will love amabinnus dducent they will lead; uerberabo I shall beat; duces you (3) will lead: amabunt they will like; fugiemus we shal flee; mittes you («.) will send; Aecipies you (3) will deceive. Al other verbs in this exercise are in the Present Tense. If you have n the wrong enswer in any of these exercises, check that you have identified the conjugation of the verb cor- recily, or check whether the verb is irregular. Page 90 Exercises x you (5) wish nis; we prefer malunas; they refuse nolunt; he can potest ‘we will prefer malemis; you (pl) do not wish non wultis; you (3) are able potes; they will refuse nolen 2 ext he is, ert he will be: possunt they can, poterunt they will be able; ules you (s,) will wish, wis you wish; malent they will prefer, malunt they prefer; non wis you (s) do not wish, noles you (6) will not wish; erimus wre shall be, sumus we are; nolumus we do not want, nolenus we shall not want. Page 93 Exercises " beautiful hand manus pulchra; large hand manas magna; my hand manus mea; swift hand manus clris, Note: man-us, -us (fourth declension) is a feminine noun, Declension: manus pulcrafeleris, mawm pulchrar/elerem, mans pulhvac/ ceteris, manul pulhraeceeri, manu puleiajecleris manus pulcheae/celeres, menus palehrasfclerts, manwum pulehranam/ccrium, manibus puldes/eleribus, mane bus pulchrisfceleribus. Note: magh-a and me-a decline at pulcher. a wid ablative sing, (without macton = nominative): amie dati or genitive sing, or nominative pl. nace ablative sing.; manui dative sing. elri dative or ablative sing.; ofl fal dative or ablative sing.; Exercises for 24 7 scclere audac ablative sing.; sli dative sing.; nummis ducents dative or ablative pl.; astutiae tuae dative sing. or genitive sing, or nominative pl sumpiul magno dative sing, Ifyou have made any mistakes, check the declension of the nouns and adjectives, Page 94 Exercises (3) Today our old man will give you two hundred coins ia the hand, (&) What do you want me to do? For I prefer to help [rather] than to do nothing. (0) Ifthe old man considers flit, will consider] me a far, T shall want to play many tricks, (@) I shall do my duty; I prefer you to do yours. (©) lI can flit. shall be able to) remove the gold [away] from the old man, you Will be able to give two hundred coins to your friends. (©) Give me your hand, I beg yous I shall give you mine. (@ If you wish to trust a woman, you want to write in running water, (8) Ifyou can flit. will be able to] get the gold away fom the old man, ‘Charysaus, I shall consider you a slave of great astuteness (© While the night is silent, thieves prefer to commit wicked crimes (rather] than sleep. (Take the wax, tablets [and] pen away from me; today I do not wish to write, 2(@) Experience is the best teacher. (&) But who will guard the guards themselves? (©) The deeds of mortals never fool the gods. (@)__Icis rage that helps lions, fear stags, vehemence the hawk and flight the dove. (©) Acgreat man can emerge from s hovel, a beautiful and mighty heart can emerge from an ugly and lowly little body. () No man can be happy without virtue, {g) Without control no house or state can survive. Pages 95-6 Reading “1 ‘The infinitive phrase is marked in italic, the object in bold italic. (@) Man good than bad daughter my to-home to-leed I-prefer. ©) Slave man to-be of great boldness I-do-not-wish,Exercises for 2A 78 (©) You your job, me tondo mine master orders. (@) Masters to-beat slaves bold citizens prefer. (Wives husbands to-love L-order (cee the next exercise). ” See *1 above. ()—sexores amare. (b)—uiros amare *3(2) You me to believe fubeo: I order you to believe me. (6) The slave to the old man the way to find another wolo: I want the slave (0 find another way to the old man. (©) Coins two hundred to get than nothing to have malo: I prefer to get two hundred coins than to have nothing. (4) Giel-fiend me to love my iubes: you order me to make love to my giel. (2) Seiluses and wax and tablets you to bring inbet: he orders you to bring stiluses, wax and tablets, (©) Men from the town to go out bold jubemus: we order the bold ‘men to go out of the own. (@) Chrysalus again father to deceive my nolumus: we want Cheysalus to deceive my father again, (h) A slave perfusne, garlands 2 slave-gil to bring to me nolunt: they do not want the slave to bring me perfume, nor the slave-girl [co bring me} garlands (Gold co Lat my than to slave bold to entrust mawults: you prefer to entrust your gold to my Lar (rather) than to the bold slave (i) Tofftom fiends to take away bold coins you two hundred iabe- mus: we order you to take cwo hundred coins away ffom your bold friends. 46) Ic (b) Her. (© Them. @ te. © ke Pages 96-7 Reading exercise / Test exercise Omitted. Section 2A: Delicize Latinae 9 "English-Latin Latin-English omitted. 2) Mnesilochus Chrysalum iterum senem miserum decipere ole (©) audtacs seruiastutias quam raendacs anicae audaiam semper male (©) Chrysalis, wir magna astutia, ducentos nuns senis facile aufere poteit. (©) furis manus semper celers est. (6) “senesinwenibus pecuriane dabunt mula. 6) crunt iawenibus magni sumptus, quod amicas kabene puldires DELICIAE LATINAE: 24 Page 98 Word exercise For meanings consult ai English dictionary. anatic > luna; style > stilus, official > offcium adjutant > adiuuos nocturnal > nox; solar > sol; manual > manus; mendacious > mendax; credible > credo; scribble > scribe; 2 posse > possum (infinitive peste); beneficial > beneficum; reiterate > re- iterums sumptuary > sumptus. Real Latin Pages 99-100 Martial 1 do not like you, Sabidius, and I cannot say why. This is the only thing I can say, I don’t like you. (1.32) You mix me Veientian wine, when you drink Massic I prefer smelling the Massic, [rather] than drinking [sc. the Veien- an). (3.49) Vulgate ‘You will not be able to see my face: for a man shall not vee me and live, (Exodus 33.20) Thou shalt not kill... thou shalt not commit theft... thou shale not covet thy neighbour's house; nor shalt thow desire his wife, norSection 2B 80 his servant, nor his serving-girl, nor his ox, nor his ass. (Exodus 20.13) And I say unto you ... ‘Seek and ye shall find.” (Luke 11.9) Mottoes Virtue overcomes all. Love conquers all, Work conquers all, Truth conguers all. All things are good to the good. 2B (rest pp. 31-4) NOTES FOR 23 In this Section, we concentrate on a new type of verb with new endings, called ‘deponent’, e.g. Text I. 132 persequor ‘I pursue’, 1 135 loquor ‘T speak’, 1. 136 logui “to speak’, etc. These are all indi- vidually glossed in the Vocabulary Page 31 138-40 erit daho eri... exibit...: these are future tense in Latin, but English translates them ‘is’, ‘give’, ‘is’ and ‘he comes out’. Watch out for other places where English tenses do not correspond to the Latin. 139 fam: as’ prepares the way for quam, ‘ass cf. ut... ita /ita.. at Page 52 151 loqucre: imperative, not infinitive (see Vocabulary). 166-7 Plantus’ comedies are full of such lively images, ef. the image of the siege at Tex! p. 29, 1. $88. 180 obsignatas: add ‘them’, referring to tabellas. Page 33 193 quem di diligunt: for the kackground to this famous senti- ment, see Text p. 47. Section 2B Br 195 tanti: ‘worth as much’ looks forward to quanti ‘as’. Cf, note on Text 1.139 above. 200 plus auri: ‘more [of] gold’, cf. satis, mimis, quantum, quid GVE 31 p. 51; GVE 40 p. 62. . 201 tum: ‘then’ looks forward to ubi ‘when’ (not ‘where’) 203-4 loguere ... sequere: imperatives, not infnitives. TRANSLATION OF 23 cunysatus ‘You look after your job [and] T'l look after mine, (Tilks to himself) It's a big, more precisely crazy, business Lam pur- suing, I have a bold and difficult enoug? task, Will I be able to complete today a thing so difficult? But J am a slave of great astuteness [and] of the highest intelligence, [135] Nicobulus is an old man of no wisdom, Why am I talking to myself like this? It's necessary to do the business and not talk fabout it] But now I want the old man to be angry. For I will not easily carry out my trick if the old man is calm when I give the letter into [his] hands. [fhe is angry, { will make him as roasted as a chick-pea. [140] I'll go up to the house, Then, ‘when he comes out, I'll immediately give the tablets into the old man’s [lit. to the old man] hands. (Nicobulus comes out of the house onto the stage and talks t0 himself) NicoBUuLUS T'm angry because I cannot find Chrysalus, But if 1 catch the villain, T will beat {him} cur. [x45] (He speaks to himself) I'm safe, the old man’s angry! Now I’m going up to the men. rc. Who's speaking near by? It's Chrysalus, as I chink, cHR. (He speaks to himself) 1'll go up to [him]. (Chrysalus goes up to the old man) nic. [150] Good slave, greetings. You are silent? Why? Do not keep silent, scoundrel [lit. source of crimes], but speak, For 1 know all your crimes from Mnesilochus.cur, Nic. cur Nie. cHR. Nic. car, Nie. cHR, Nre. cur, cur, Nie. cur, Section 2B 82 Is Mnesilochus accasing me? Am I bad [and] criminal? Just look at the fact{s}: | will keep quict. ‘What matter are you talking [about], you scoundrel? Are you threatening me? Don’t [155] threaten me, Chrysalus, P'm warning you. I'm not threatening you, master. Soon you will know your son’s character; thvs I promise. Now take the tablets. For Mnesilochus' orders me to bring the tablets and to give [them] into your hands. He wants you to read [them] and carry out all its words [instructions], [160] Give, Take. Recognise tke seal. Icis the seal of Mnesilochus. But where is my son? I don't know. (Nicobulus reads the tblets, Meanswhile Chrysalus tals to himself) [265] I forget everything, I remember nothing, I'm igno- rant of everything. I know myself tc: be a slave. I do not know even that wh:ch I know. Hoorah! Now our thrush is going after the worm from the trap .. Don't go away, Chrysalus. Wait. Now U'm going into the house; soon Pll come out to you [270] (Exit Nicobulus from the stage into the house) O stupid man! How you are trying to deceive me! But I shall say no word: t2e old man’s coming out, (Nicobulus advances jrom the house onto the stage. Slaves come out with Nicobulus) Slaves, follow [me]. You, bind Chrysalus' hands at once. [175] What's happening? What's the matter? Don’e bind my hands, master, Don't beg {me}, villain. (To the slave) Thrust your fist {against him] if he scys a word. (To Clrysalus) I have in my hand Mnesilochus’ tablets. What do the tablets say? Do you know, or not? Why do you ask me? As you received che tablets from Mnesilochus, thus sealed (180] I bring them to you. Ha! You, scoundrell Are you saying ‘Today I'll take the gold from the stupic old man’? Am I speaking thus? I do not remember. I forget everything. Section 2B Nic, Don’t lie. You remember everything well, [185] you forget no word. cHR, What man thus announces my words? Nic. No man, but the tablets of Mnesilochus announce the matter. The tablets order me to bind your hands. cH, Ah! Your son is making me a Bellerophon; for I (190] bring the tablets, and because of the cablets you'll bind me. © foolish [man], foolish [man], you are ignorant of every- thing. I order you to beware. Nic, What ate you saying?. Why are you ordering me to beware? Reply to me! cH. (He does not reply but mocks the old man) (He] whom the gods love dies young. But no god loves Nicobulus; for he’s [t95] a very old old man; he’s worth as much as a rotten mushroom. Nic, Shaves, take Chrysalus off inside and bind [him] to a col- ‘umn vigorously. (To Chrysalus) You'll never take [my] gold from me. cHR., But you will soon give [it]. Nic. I'll give {it}? I will never give [it], scoundrel. cHR. [200] And you will order me to take away more gold. For your son is in great danger. You will wish to free Chrysalus then, when you know the matter. But [ will never accept my freedom. Nie. Speak up, scoundrel. What danger is my son in? car. Follow me. You'll know soon, as | think. Nic. [205] But to where do I follow you? Don’t be silent, bue goon. cur. [shall go on. (Nicobulus follows Chrysalus to the house) Look. Look into the house. (Nicobutus looks inside) [210] Do you see a party? Whom do you see on the one party? couch? Nic. On the one couch I see Pistoclerus and Bacchis. cur. Pray tell [me], who are on the other couch? Nic. Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE pp. 101-2.Exercises for 2B 84 EXERCISES FOR 28 Page 104 Exercises Remember to check the conjugation of each verb. 1 precatar he prays, precantur they pray; mentiris you (s.) lie, mentimini you (pl) lie: polliemur we promise, policeor I promise; sequuntur they follow, sequittr he follows; minaris you (s) theeatem, minamin you (pl) threaten; loguimin’ you (p.) speak, logueris you (¢,) speak, men- ior I lie, mentinur we lie; opiate you (.) think / think! (imper), apinentini you (pl) think / think! {imper.); progredimini you (pl) advance, progrederis you (3) advince; logueris you (s) speak, foguinini you (ph) speak pollicere you promise (s) / promise! (imper.), poli- cemini you (pl.) promise / promise! (imper); minamur we threaten, ‘minor Tehteaten, Note: -re endings may be indicative or imperative, Wwe threaten minamur, he promies pollcetur, they forget obliuicuntur, you (pl.) remember recordamini; you (3) speak loguens; Lam follow. ing sequor; advance! () progredee!; beg! (s.) precarel; tlk! (pl) loqui- iminil; promise! (s) police! Infinitives: amare to love; uocare to call; habere to have Iwenire to find; progredi to advance; ment’ to liv ducere to leads inire to go in; tube to order. Inqui to speaks spina to think; Imperatives: minare threaten! (s); pollcee promise! («); sequere fol- low! (); audi litten! (.); dorm sleep! (.); precare pray! (.);inuen find! (6,; loquere speak! (1; progedere advance! (5). habeo I have, haber, habel; are I care for, curare, cual, minor 1 threaten, mina, minael; loguor | speak, logui,loguerels audio Tea, auiire, adil; duco ead, dacere, du! (megan), mito send, miter, sitelsprecor T pray, prea, prcnel fio Hee, fugere, fuel redo t trust cede, cede! Page 105 Exercise ‘oli + Infinitive: don’t (6) follow noh segud; don’t (pl.) threaten me noite ‘mili minari; dons (.) be stupid (mm. nol stultus exe; don't (pl,) send the Exercises for 2B 85 letter nolte literas mittee; don’t (s.) hide the pot noli sulam cele; don’t (pl) lead the slaves nolite seraos ducere. Beercise . “Declined in fll: onmis rs, omnem rem ons rei, omni rei, omni re, omnes res, omnis (es) res, ommnium rerum, omnibus rebus, omnibus rebus; pucker dis, pulderums diem, pulchr dei, puckeo dei, pulckao die, pulchr dies, palchrs dies, ldo dierim, pulchrs debus, pulchris diebus; mea res, meara rem, meae rei, Imeae rei, mea re, meae res, meas res, mearun rerum, meisrebus, mis rebus, tists Ais, eistem diem, tists de, vist die, titi dieg uses de, tris (es) dies, tvistum dieram, wistbus diebus, wits dicbus Pages 106-7 Exercises 1(a)N: Don't thresten me, Cheysalus. C: But master, I'm telling you how it i, (Lit. =2s che thing is.) (6) The bold slave has a head fall of tricks. (6) The slaves soon leave the house and follow the old man. (@) But who is speaking? I think it's Chrysalus. (Lit, = as I think it’s Chrysalus) {e) Look inside, my master, What do you see in the house? It's a bad thing I think. (€) Chrysalus tells his master to take care and calls him ignorent of all things. (@) Find our everything. 1 prefer you to remember [rather] than forget. (8) As you promise, so 1 want ie (the thing] 20 be. (@ What do you think? Look! The slave threatens me, next he lies, then he begs and beseeches me (i) Advance, my Nicobulus, and threaten Chrysalus at once. 2G) Love is (an) unsuspecting (thing). (ov1D) (0) eis a great thing to be quiet. (waRTTAT) (6) There will be crimes as long as there are men. (ractTUS) (@)_ Human afftirs are fail and perishable. (c1ceR. (¢) _Itis sweet and honourable to die for one’s counsry. (HORACE) (f) Ie is Roman to do and suffer brave deeds. (Livy)Section 2B: Deliciae Latinae 86 “Reading (markers underlined) @) Then you will find out everything, my master, if you want to iknow, when you see your son in the house of the Bacchides (NB all the tenses in the Latin inthis sentence are future, but need not be translated as such.) ©) Asyou say the thing to me, 0 I think, because I trust you. (© Our old man is worth 2s much aia stinking mushroom, 35 Cheys- alus thinks, because he is a slave of the utmost boldness. (@) Because I want you to know everything, I will ordet you to look Inside the house, whete, if you have eyes, you will soon see your son with his gel end, (€) Buti {can hal be able o) give the old man the leter atthe time phen T want to, he wil be ay road 2 roasted chick pea, as inl Page 108 Reading exercise | Test exercise Omitted, "English-Latin Latin-English omitted, (2) oli seni misero (dative) rinari, serve (©) subi rem recordamini, periula recordamini (or in anime habete); animus smamguam mentitar, NB recordor = recall and remember. (©) seri ante, omni rerun nes, petal (genitive) obliuizeuntur, (@)puelia omnes ex aedibusegreditur {) nes nom mencimur, sed ita tb [or uobi)loguimr ut res et. ©) sequete me in aedis, mi filet deos precare. DELICIAE LATINAE: 23 Page 109 Word excercise Use an English dictionary to check meanings. Section 2B: Deliciae Latinae 87 perfect > perfcio; capital > caput; verb > uerbum: irate > inatus; maximise > maximus; legible > lego; advent > aduentus (‘artival’; opinion > opinor, loquacious > loquor, progressive > progredior, stukify > stulus; oblivious > obliuiscor,eecord > recordr; literate > liteae Everyday Latin A-non sequitur ‘does not follow”. Real Latin Martial Since you do not publish your poems, you criticise mine, Laelius. Either stop criticising mine, or publish your own. Page 110 Sayings of Cato ‘Walk with the good. Guard your possessions. Read books. Do not poke fun at a man in disttess. Vulgate ‘Go in to Pharaoh and say to him: “This is what the Lord God of the Hebrews says: Let my people go”.’ (Exodus 9.1) ‘Suffer the little children to come unto me and forbid them not; for of such is the kingdom of God.’ (Luke 18.16) Mottoes Don’t annoy a lion, Don't lie. Don’t touch me. ‘While I grow, [ hope. ‘While I breathe, I hope, ‘While I am on guard, I care, ‘While I live, T hope, Until crucifixion. Do and hope.Section 2C 88 2C (Text pp. 34-7) NOTES FOR 2C Page 34 214 lle honvo ...illuns:ille means ‘that’ (adjective, going with a noun) or ‘he, she, it’ (pronoun, on its own), with the suggestion of ‘the person over there’, So here, ile homo ‘means ‘that man’, illum means ‘him’. It is very important that you get used to this distinction. To help you on your way, we list the usages up to Text 1. 224: ars ille ‘he’, pronoun; 216 illa mulier ‘that woman’, adjective; 217 illa ‘she’, pronoun; 2:8 illae mulieres ‘those women’, adjective; 220 ill mulier ‘that woman’, adjective; 221 ille ‘she’, pro- noun; 223 illa ‘she’, prooun; 224 ila ‘she’, pronoun. Page 35 231 cr ‘this’ (adjective). Like ile, hic is used 2s an adjective ‘this’ or a pronoun ‘he, she, it’ (with the suggestion of ‘the person here}. Consider Text 1. 247 has seruos ‘these slaves’ (adjective) as in 251; 268 hic ‘he, the person here’; 274 hunc “him’; hie ‘to him here’. 234-5 exheredem uitae: another lively and amusingly paradoxical image feem will-making. 237 wir: ‘husband’ 257 paciscee: imperative, like Text 1. 268 sequere, 1. 277 loguere. Distinguish carefully between these ~ere imperative forms jn deponent verbs, and -ere infinitives in 3 and 3/4 conju- gation active verbs, like epprimere (Text I. 258). The depo- nent has its infinitive form in ~i, e.g, Text 1. 256 pacsci, 263 pollicer.. Page 36 282-4 Observe that the Roman pantheon contains well-known anthropomorphic deities like Jove, Juno, etc. who are identified with Greek gods, but also abstractions like Spes, Section 2C 89 Ops and Virtus (often moral) and specifically Roman gods like Summanus. Page 37 ; 291 erwcems: a reference to crucifixion, standard mode of capital punishment for slaves. TRANSLATION OF 2 cHRYsALus ‘Who is that man? Do you recognise him? nicopunus [ar] I recognise [him]: it’s Mnesilochus. cu, Tell me, does that woman seem to you beautiful? Nic. She seems fairly beautiful to me. un. Oooh! How beautifl are both women. How sweet the ‘one, how charming the other. wie. [220] Tell me, I pray, who is that woman? cH. What do you think? Does she seem to be a prostitute ot not? nto, She is obviously a prostitute, as 1 chink cH. You are wrong, She is not a prostitute. wre, What is she, I pray? cur. [225] You'll know soon . (Cleorrachus, a soldier and lover of the one Boccis [1], enters He does not see Chirysalus and Nicobulus. He 's angry and talks to himself) CLEOMACHUS Ts Munesilochus, Nicobulus’ son, trying to derain my ‘woman by force? wre, [236] (he hears Cleomachus? words) Who's that? CHR, (he speaks to himself) The gods are preserving me! This soldier is coming night on time for me! CLE. (he speaks fo himself) That Mnesilochus thinks me not ¢ soldier but a woman. Surely I can defend my woman? I will quickly make him lifeless, if 1 meet [him], and dis- inherited [235] from life,Nic. cur. Nic. cHR. Nic, cue, NIC, cur, Nic. cHR. CLE. cHR, cL. cHR, Nie. cur. cue. cHR. cue. cur, Section 2 90 Chrysalus, who is chat? Why is he threatening my son? He's that woman's man. What? (Het] man? [Her] man, T say. [240] Is she married {to him), I pray? You'll soon know. I'm done for, poor met What now? Does Chrysalus seem to you a criminal? Am I bad? Come now, bind me, fand] listen to your son. [245] Now you know his character clearly. What shall I do now? Tell these slaves to release me quickly. For if you do not release me, he will openly catch the man soon. (he speaks to himsef) How I wish to catch him with her openly! (250] Then I will kill them both. Do you hear his words? Why do you not order these slaves to release me? {to the slaves) Release this man. I'm done for, poor me! How Lam afraid! (The slaves release Chrysalus’ hands) [253] (he speaks to himself) Then that woman will not be able to mock me. (to Nicobulus) You will be able to make a bargain with him, if you give him money ... 1 beg, make a bargain with him, in whatever way you ‘want, Just be careful. For I do not want the soldier co catch them openly and kill them. T'll go up to him and act assiduously. [260] (He goes up to the soldier; Nicobulus cannot hear their conversation) Hey you, why are you shouting? ‘Where's your master? Nowhere. 1 don’t know. You want me to promise you two hunded coins now? I'll promise these coins, if you keep quiet [263] I prefer nothing to those two hundred coins. Therefore I shall promise the coins if you keep quiet and do what ! order. Exercises for 2C or cL, As you think, thus I shall do. cHR, This is Mnesilochus’ father. Follow {me], [and] he will promise [them] to you. You ask for that gold. [270] (Chirysalus leads the soldier to Nicobulus) rc. What's happening? cHR. This soldier will accept two hundred gold coins. Nic. You ate saving me. How soon shall I say ‘I shall give [them]’? CHR. (to the soldier) You ask this man, (to Nicobulus) you promise the coins to this man. Nic. [275] I promise. Ask. CLs. Will you give [me] two hundred gold Philip coins? cir, Say ‘Twill give [them).’ Reply. Nic. I will give [them], CHR, (becomes angry and addresses the soldier) What now, vile man? ‘What do you want? [280] Do you suspect Mnesilochus to be with that woman? cx, Yes, indeed, she is too, cuR, By Jove, Juno, Cetes, Minerva, Latona, Hope, Ops, Virtue, Venus, Castor, Pollux, Mars, Mercury, Hercules, Sum- manus, Sun, Saturn and [285] all the gods, I swear: he is neither sleeping with her nor walking nor kissing (her). nic. How my slave does sweac! The perjuries of this slave are preserving me. cue, So where's Mnesilochus now? cHR, The man is absent; but she is visiting che temple of Minerva. Go, see. LE. [290] So I'm going off to the forum. cua. Ortoa bad end, by Hercules. Now learn the Learning Vocabulary at GVE p. 113. EXERCISES FOR 2¢ Pages 115-16 Exercises Tic sens, hume serum, huis serui, huie serso, hoc serio, hi servi, hos seruos,horut seruonuna, his sera, his servis; ile miles, illum milter, iliasExercises for 2C 9 rit ill mitt, illo midte, ii mites, ilos milite, oruna militum, ills rilitibus, iis miluibus; hace serua, hanc seruam, huius seruae, huie senuae, hac serva, hae servae, has seruas, harum seruarum, his senuis, his snus, illud peviculum, ilud periculury, ibius periculi, ili perculo, illo percul, lla peccula ila pericula, illorum periiorum, ills periculi,ilis periulis; hoc tuerbum, hoc werbums, huius werbi, huie werbo, oe uerbo, haee uerbe, hace vuerba, hon werkorum, his werbis, his uerbis; ila mulir,illam mulierem, ths miei, ili muuler, ila mule, illae mulicres,illes mulieres, illarum rmulierum, ils malierbus, ils muterbus. 2 genitive; ablative; nominative; dative; nominative or accusative: dative or ablative; (optional); nominative; ablative; nominative or accusative: accusative; dative or ablative; dative; (optional). 3 hunc miltems; ili seni; huius puella; illa consilia, hace pericula; dius feminee, 4 hi thesauri nom. pla lia thesauri gen. sing ilar sorores ace. pl; hae sores nom. pl: ill res nom. sing. has res ace. pl. ille es nom. pl fuss manus gen. sing; lle mass nom. p.; hae manus nom. pli Has anulieres acc. pl; hae muleres mcm. pl. ili puro dat. sing; hee puero abl. sings ile foninae nom. pli; nic feminae dat. sing; ils femine ben. sing; hie dies nom, sing. fas dies ace. sing; hi dies nom, pl 5 lwius amici, this friend's, huius nae, this moon's, gen. sing. mase,/ fem,Jneut. illum puenunt, that boy, illum fatrem, chat brother, acc sing. mase: lla wxore, [by] cha: wife, ild manu, by that hand, abl sing, fem.; hoc ofcum, this duty, hc nomen, this name, hoc aunur, this gold, nomacc. sing. neut; hate corona, this crown, age mans this hhand, hace res, this thing, nom, sing. fem. faee opera, these works, nace negotia, these businesses nom.facc. pl. neut. ills cuit, those citizens, ilosdeos, those gods, zee. pl. mas. Optional revision Omitted, Pages 116-18 Exercises 1 with these women, on that head, to this thing, chrough that crowd, with this prostitute, from that danger. 2 im hane sacnam, cum ita muliere, per haec incendia, com ils fratrbus, in hoe ccule, in illud oppidum, per hae pericule, Exercises for 2C 93 (a) If that soldier carches Mineslochus with Bacchi, he will kill chem, (©) This Bacchis seems to be the gid friend of Mnssilochus, chat one of Pistoclerus. {@) That young man loves this woman, and this one loves that one, (2) Nicobulus hears the words of that soldier, chez he clearly gets to know the character of his sn, (©) All prostitutes seem evil to thi slave and excellent to those young, (©) That slave eis to deceive this old man, 4(@) The one salvation for the conquered is to hope for no salvation, (©) We cannot change che past. (©) We always strive towards the forbidden and yearn for what has been denied. (® Once spoken the word flies beyond recall "Reading @)Thac soldier (subject) chis woman (object) to/for this young man (Gative) to believe (NB takes dative) ie miles hac muir hui ier eedere mul ‘That soldier wants this woman to believe this young mann {b) chat... slave (object) of this old man illum hats senis seraum ideo, 1 see that slave of this old mian, (©) this gold (object) toffor that soldier this slave (subject) hoc unum it mult hie seruus dat This slave gives this gold to that soldier (@) with this woman that young man (object) this soldier (subject) cum hae mulire ium iueeneim hie miles mow sidebi ‘This soldier will soon see that young man with this woman, (©) to this... woman he (subject) all these coins (object) to give hue illefeminae hos nummios omnis dare mawult. He prefers to give all these coins to this woman, Reading exercise { Test exercise Omitted, apart from choice of word: widet, est, illa, meretricis, wirum, walde, uxorem, exsoluere, milite, multos, audire, decipere, ill, de Mnesilocho,Section 2C: Delicixe Latinae 94 **BnglishLatin (2) ius lian hi amt. (©) per hus iauens dive ete uidetur (2) las mereties arbor. (2) hoc bonis cuibus magnum ofcium ext. (©) ie miles hanc mulierem defendere uu. (O) mores harum males arbiter. 2 CMR. quis est hie homo? Nic. est filus meus Mnesilochus. CHR bella cum mnuliere esse uidetur, quid opinars? NIC. bella ext, sed quis est? dic mint, precor. CHR. illumne wider? NIC. militenne illum dis? CHR. ita Nite. age nunc, CHR, ita facian, huius mulieris wir est NIC. quid dicis? sed save muler plane meretrx est. cu, —hocne arbitraris) sees mex omnia, NYC. quid? muptane est illa? perit. me miserum! sceléetums inuenem! DELICIAE LATINAE: 26 Page 118 Word exercise Use an English dictionary to sheck the meanings. militery > miles; le, la, il, 12> ille, itl conative > conor, arbiteate > arbitrot, meresticious > meretx; morals > mores. Real Latin Martial My Rome praises, loves and sings my books of poems. Every pocket has one (sc. in it] and every hand too. But look! One fellow blushes, goes pale, looks bewildered, yawns, hates. This is what I want: now my poems please me. (6.60) Section 2D 9s Mottoes ‘This emblem is not a burden, but an honour. This {is] the task. This [is] the task of vireue, 2D crest pp. 37-41) Notes ror 20 In this Section we concentrate on introducing a new tense, ‘I -ed’, ‘T have ~ed’, the so-called perfect, e.g. Text 1. 292 fecerunt ‘they perpetrated’, 1, 293 aedificawerunt ‘they built’, I. 295 ceperunt ‘they captured’, etc. Page 37 292 Note the long, boastful comparison between Chrysalus’ activities and the Trojan War, cf. Text p. 29, ll. s7ff Page 38 305 hic suulto seni: dative ‘to the disadvantage of this old man’, in English ‘this old man’s’, 306 Ito: for the dative case, see on Text p. 28, 1. 48. 312 ubi miles fugit: Latin ‘when the soldier fled’, but English prefers ‘when the soldier had fled’ Page 39 328 tacitus: adjective ‘silent’, describing the subject ‘he’, Lit. ‘he silent heard/wrote’. English prefers the adverb, ‘silently’, or ‘in silence’ 336 ades: ‘be present’, imperative of adsum, So also in Text | 340. Page 40 346 nihil: looks forward to consili ‘no (lit. nothing of plan’, 349 illus: direct object of misereor, one of a few verbs that put350 359 Section 2D. 96 their dicect object in the genitive. Cf. Text p. 19, . 427 for verbs taking the dative. wus: ie. ‘your son’ fecs: neve ‘you are acting’, ef. Text l. 36s. TRANSLATION OF 2D cHRYSALUS The sons of Atreus, as the story is, did 2 very great deed. For the gods built the town (of] Troy (the King of Troy ‘was Priam), but the scns of Atreus captured [it] with weapons, horses, an army, [29] excellent soldiers [and] in the tenth year. But this was a deed of no value. For I will take my master by stomn in one hour, without an army [and] without soldiers! O Troy, © fatherland, O Pergs- mum, O old man Priam, you are done for: for you un- happily and] badly have lost two hundred gold coins, and soon will lose another two hundred. For I have brought these sealed tablets. More precisely, they are not tablets, but a Wooden Horse. As the Greeks [300] at that time sent a Wooden Horse agains: Troy, so I at this time will send these tablets against the cld man. And, as there were armed soldiers in the Wooden Horse, so there are letters in these tablets, Thus have I conducted the matter well. And this horse will make an attack not on a stronghold {citadel} bue upon [305] a strongbox [money-chest] and will destroy this stupid old man’s gold. So I shall make the name of the old man Ilium; I'm Agamemnon and Ulysses, son of Laertes, and I'm now besieging lium. As I've heard, Ulysses was 2 man of the highest boldness, great astuteness [and] the highest intellect. [am both bold and astute. For the slaves of Nicobulus found me but [310] I deceived the old man and thus saved myself at that time. Not long afterwards, I fought with the soldier Cleomachus and routed the man. When the soldier fed, I fought with the old man. Him I casily conquered and immediately captured the spoils. For Section 2D. 97 Nicobulus has promised two hundred coins and soon will give [them] to the soldier. Now I want to capture (315) 2 second two hundred coins, For as the expenses were great, when the sons of Atreus captured Tlium, so our expenses will be great! For when soldiers capture < city, they ought to celebrate a triumph. (Nicobulus comes out of the house) But I see Priam before the gate. I shall go up to him. NicopuLus cHR. Nic. cur, Nic. cur, Nic. cHR. Nic. cur, NIG. CHR, Nie, cHR. Nic. cuR. wie. CHR. [320] Who is it? O Nicobutus! ‘What's happening? Did you perform that deed? You ask? I have performed [it]. Come here. Y'm coming. What did you say to Mnesilochus? What did he do? (325] 1am an excellent orator. I reduced the man to teats; so violently did I curse and reprimand him. ‘What did he say? He made no reply [word]; in silence [silent] he heard my words; in silence he wrote these tablets and gave them to me sealed. He ordered me (330] to give [them] to you. But Tam afraid. For T suspect these tablets to be like the others. Examine the seal. Is it his? recognise [it]. It is his. I want to read these through. (Nicobulus undoes the tablets) (aside) Hoorah! Now Tlium’s destruction is at hand. The ‘Wooden Horse is worrying the old man! [335] Chrysalus, come here. ‘Why do you want me to be at your side? I wane you to hear these words. I don’t want to know. [340] Nevertheless be at hand, Why? Silence! I order you to be at hand, Iwill be at hand. (Nicobulus undoes the tablets and reads then through) [English passage]Nic. cHR nie. cHR, Nic. cHR Nic cur. Nic. cHR. Nic. cH, NIC. CHR. NIc. cEr, Nic. cHR. Section 2D 98 {345] What do yor think now, Chrysalus? At this time I shall give you no advice. For I do not wish to act according to my own opinion. But, as | think, you ought to give the gold ... but I neither order nor forbid nor recommend [this]. I feel sorry for him. [350] He's yours. It's not surprising, ‘What shall T do? I'll bring out the two lots of two hundred coins. Wait here. I'll soon come from the house to you, Chrysalus, (Nicobsdus enters the house from the stage) ‘The destruction 07 Troy is happening! The Greeks are destroying Troy! Look, the old man [355] is bringing out the booty. I shall now keep quiet. Take this gold, Chrysalus. Go, [and] bring [it] to [my] son Thowever shall go to the forum and give the coins to the soldier. For my part, I shall not accept those coins. { don’t want you to give [them] to me. Indeed take [them]. You are acting annoyingly. (360} 1 won't take [them). But I beg {you]. I refase. Why? I don’t want you to give me the gold. [365] Ob, you are acting annoyingly. Give [them to me], ifit is necessary ‘Take care of this I'll soon return here. (Exit Nicobulus) Yippee! I have seen to this! For you at this time are a snost wretched old man. [370] How well I have con- ducted the matter! [ have saved myself and captured the city. Bue Iam a slave of great astuteness and highest intel- lect. Now I shall return to the house and bring this booty co Mnesilochus. Now learn the Leatning Vocabulary at GVE pp. 121-2. Exercises for 2D 99 EXERCISES FOR 2D Page 126 Exercises {All these verbs follow the patterns set out on GVE p. 122. clamo, clamaui, camauisti ete; uideo, uidi, widisti ete.; uineo, wei, wis etc uincio, incr, uinxisti etc. abeo, abiui (or abi, abinisti (or abit) ete. sum, fui, fuisti etc.; do, dedi, dedisti ete capi, epi, cepist) ete.: fer, tli, tls ete; facto, fei, frst ete If you made a mistake in forming these perfects, check the perfect stems on GVE pp. 123-6. Aeleist you (6) destroyed, deevints; gessnatt they did, acted, ges uct he conquered, wicenmn; adfustis you (pl,) were present, adfusti solu 1 released, soluimus; pugnauinus we fought, pugnaui; cbifstis you (pl) went away, abit. do, you (s.) gave; credo, he believed; adforo, they brought; sum, he was; deeo, you (pl.) owed; maneo, I remained; opprimo, we surprised; szribo, hey wrote; adino, you (pl.) helped; tango, he touched; ant, you (5) lost; dio, we said; exeo, he went ot. dedi, pupnauinus, deeuis, amauit, fueron, wists, exit, necauerant, respondit, gesiti,peecinus, tls. Pres. | dormit | dormiunt Pres. [est | sunt Fur. | donnier | dormient Fut. | rit | erent Perf. | donminit | dormiuerunt | | Perf. | fuit | fucrunt Pres. | pugnat | pugnant Pres. | aujerr | auferune Fut, | pugnebit | pugnabunt | | Rus. | auferer | auferent Pert. | pugnauit | pugnauerunt | | Perf. | abseuie | abstulerunt Pres. | deler | detent Pres. | redit | redeunt But, | delebit | delebunt Fut. | redibie | redibunt Pert | deleuit | deleverunt | | Pert. | reaite | redierint Pres. | gerit | gerunt Pres. | decipit | deipiune Fut. | geret | gerent Fat. | decipiet | decipient Pert. | decupit | deceperunt Perf. | gessit | gessoruntExercises for 2D 100 "6 stabit Gveuresdederunt they gave: aedet fuvure; aders Future; wii you conquered; pugnabunt future; solumnt present; delat present; gerent fonure; mans T remained; inuetistis you founds pefies future; dilgis resent; habes present; monuists you warned, Page 127 Exercise (a) Mnesilochus silently listened to the words of Chrysalus. (©) I fought with a soldier, now I shall fight with an old man, now however I am silent. (©) Along time afterwards the Greeks eaprured the city of Troy. (@)_Atthis time of night everyore ought to be asleep. () Silently thieves enter the house secretly by night. (As the Grecks sent the horse against Troy at chat time, so today CCheysalus will send writing tablets against his master, 2) The defender of fault says to me, ‘We also did this as young men.” (©) Tell me, what have I done, except thet { have not loved wisely? (©) We were Trojans: Troy was Troy has existed, is thas been’ (@) You have played enough, eaten and drunk enough; itis time for you to leave (©) Nature has given us the seeds of knowledge; it has. not given knowledge, Pages 127-9 *Reading exercise {A very bold man (3), at that time (©), on this night (c), about your danger (b) in the silent night (), by sad old men (ba very astute save (2), with re (6), in many hours (2), 2 long time afterwards (c), a very becutifal ‘woman (a), out of the forum (b), at that time of night (c), with my wife ©), inten years Reading exercise / Test exercise Omitted, **English—Latin (a) uwents in acdibus sett tacts, (&) senexne aurum militi dedi? (©) equos contra urher Troiam miserant Section 2D: Deliciae Latinae ror (© hae mocte mewn dominum wiciet multam prardam cei (6) hoe anni tempore omnes dorsi manere debent. (©) mules signs widerunt et mox contra urbem progredentu +t For this future tense, see GVE 68, p. 135. 2 NIC. quid facere debeo, Chrysale? dic mihi. crn. dicere nto. Nic. die, quaeso. quid facia? nam rem bene gene uolo. CHR. rem bene gees, uit ego opinor, si aurun flo tuo dab, sed ego rom iubes NIC. pecunians ef dabo. mane hie! mox he reweniam. (Nicobulus in aedisintrat). cr, dest exitium seni (or seni}! ut eum decepi! nunc Mneslochus armicae satis pecuniae dare poterit. DELICIAE LATINAE: 2D Real Latin Page 129 Vulgate In the beginning God created heaven and earth. (Gen. 1.1) ‘Therefore the Lord God formed man from the mud of the earth and breathed into his face the breath of life. (Gen. 2.7) But on the seventh day is the sabbath of your God; thou shalt not perform any task during it, thou and thy son and thy daughter, thy servant and thy maidservant, [nor] thine ox .... for in six days the Lord made the heaven and the earth and the sea, (Exodus 20,0- 11) Mottoes Nothing without God. Nothing without labour. Nothing without a reason. Not without God. Not without reason. Not without effort. Not without justice, Not without danger.Section 2D: Deliciae Latinae 102 Page 130 Exercise 2, imuenis young man, iuentus youth; sco 1 know, scientia knowledge; fimeo 1 fear, timor fear; vir oxan, uirtus manliness, courage; pulcher bbeautifil, pulchritudo beauty; pauper poor, paypertas poverty: prac. before dice I say, praedicto prediction; fecils easy, faclitas ease; prae- 3¢ the head of, pracior practor (a magistrate); male- badly, facio | do, ‘malfacto evildoer; canio I shout, clamor shout(ing); cuis citizen; cuitas citizenship; state; constitution, 2 iris; puleheitudinis; paupetei,faeiitais; mors; praetor 3. Stipio; Cicero; legio: longitude; wictor; cup explorator, tas; erupt; iuuentus; libertas; 4. Scipio; Cicero; legion; length; victor; lst; eruption; youth; liberty; spy. Page 134 Exercise Sanilia household, +1 = familias, to do with the household fais I do, + oilis = fails, do-able, thas easy; audio { hear, + ibilis = audibils, audible: ine not-+ credo 1 believe, + hills = incrediblis, incredible; foro 1 best, + ils = fens, fertile; sceena sage, + -icus = seaenius, peraining to the Stage; fir thief, +-inus = funiaus, pertaining to thieves; senex old ban, +-ilis= senilis, pertaining t© old men; honor honour, -+-bils = honorabitis, honourable; igis fie, + eus = igneus, snade of fire, ery; oculus eye, meus = oculeus, Full of e7es; aqua water, +-anius = aquarius, per taining 0 water; pecinin mone, ~+-osus = pecuniosus, fall of money, ui nen, + is = wir, pertaining to men; wxor wife, + ius = uxoris, per. faining fo wives: dons house, +-ia = dometins, pertsning to the house; nomen name, + ius = neminatiaus, pertaining to naming; do | give, ++alis= dott, peraining to 1 downy: animus ining, spite nese ‘enimosus, fall of spirit; ciuis citien, + ills = cuiis, pertaining to citizens, jiuenis young man, ++-ilis = imenili, pertaining to young men, Word exercise pracda booty (ae becomes ¢ in English); annus year; per through, annus year; anus year, vers- cura; mille 1,000, annus year, tempus (stems tempor) Section 2E 103 time; abs city tacts quiet; pgna battle; deeo I destroy; debeo (stem det) Lowe; salu I telease; ant before, camera room. QE (rest pp. 41-9 NOTES FOR 25 Here we concentrate on the fature of deponent verbs, e.g, Text. 391 adgrediar et alloquar‘I shall advance and address’ Page 42 379 A comic list of amusing insults, underlined by alliteration (epetition of sounds, especially at the beginning of a word). Page 43 418 Plautws starts here a comic image ~ the old men are like sheep, who have strayed from their flock (Text |. 420), been sheared (1, 426), lost their lambs (1. 435), etc. Page 44 438° malum ... nobis minamini: ‘you threaten evil to/on ws’. 467 fier: “to become’, infinitive of fo (sce Learning Vocabu- lary 2p). Page 45 478 ef mihi: ‘Alas for m Page 46 490 satis, satis... est: “That's quite enough of your...’ TRANSLATION OF 2E (Enter onto the stage Philoxenus, Pistoclens’ father, and talks to himself) PHILOXENUS How my son’s life worries me! I have been a young man and at that [375] time I did all those things, but in moder-Section 2 104 ation. I wanted him to behave himself as he wanted, but I didn’t want hin to play cbout too much. (Enter Nicobulus onto the sage. Ele doesn’t spot Philoxenus, but talks to himself) NicopuLus PRL, Nic. PHI. NIC. Pat. Nic. PHI. Nie, PHI. Nic. PHI, Nic. PHL. {OFall those] who were and will be stupid, senseless, silly, mushrooms, dull, blockkeads, [380] blabberess, I alone beat all of them because of my stupidity. T am lost! T am dead! For Chrysalus today has torn me to pieces [and] has despoiled poor me. Th: soldier Cleomachus told me everything. That ‘womar of Cleomachus is a prostitute: the soldier doesn’t have 2 wife. [, the most stupid of all men, have promised coins for a prostitute to that [385] soldier. But I am especially angry because Chrysalus, 2 slave of the highest wickedness, has deceived me. (he has heard the voice of Necobulus) Who's talking? (He spots Nicobulus) But whom do I see? This indeed is Mnesilochus’ father. [390] (ke spots Philoxenus) Hoorah, for I see Philoxenus, anally of my tobe, I shall approach him and tak to im. (Nicobulus approaches Philoxenus) Greetings, Philoxenus. And to you. Where are you coming from? [395] From where an urhappy, down-on-hisluck man [comes]. By Pollux, that's where I em, Therefore we have a similar fortune. Icis so. But you, say what is wonying you. Chrysalus, an excellent fellow, has ruined my son, your son, [400] me and all my property. For both Mnesilochus and Pistoclerus have mistresses, How do you know? Thave seen them, I'm done for. [405] Why are we delaying? Why do we not call our sons out? Shall we try to call them out? I'm not bothered. PHL NIC, Section 2E 105 We'll try. Come with me. Will you follow me to the house of the Bacchises? T'll follow you. OF you go. [410] We'll both advance and try to save our sons at the same time, (They both advance on the Bacchises’ house) Hey, Bacchis, open the doors, unless you prefer us to break the doors down. BACCHIS (1) (she speaks inside) Who's shouting? Who's saying my name and [415] knocking at the house? (Enter the Bacchises from the house) ‘Me and him. nic. 3.1 What's the problem? Who has brought these sheep here? Nic, Those very wicked women are calling us sheep! SISTER (2) [420] Their shepherd's asleep; they are going far from their flock, bleating. 2.1 But by Pollux, they're in a good condition; neither of them seems to be ditty. 5.2 They both seem to be shorn, Pur, Those prostitutes seem to be mocking us. Shall we put up with this? nrc, [428] | won't put up with this. x. 1 In my view the shepherd has shorn them twice this year. ‘What do you think? s.2 By Pollux, certainly someone has shorn this sheep twice today. 1 Shall we try to bring them inside? 8.2 [430] But they'te not worth a thing: for they have neither milk nor wool. Shall we go back inside, sister? B.t Yes, Ewill follow you. (The Bacchises return to the house) nrc, Wait. These sheep want you, 3.1 [435] This is @ miracle — their voice is human, These sheep are calling us. Nic, These sheep will give you a great load of trouble [big, bad thing)8.2 PHI, NIC. Nie. Ber Bor s.2 Nic, PHL NIC, PHI, Nic, Pat, wre, PH NIC. PHI, Nic. PHL Nic. PRL Nic. PHI, Section 2E 106 But why are you threatening us with troubie? Because you've got our lambs shut in [440] If you don’t bring them out to us, we will be rams and charge into you, Sister, will you speak in private with me? I will [speak]. Whee is it? I want you to come over here. 44s] I shall come. Speak (The sister goes up te Bacchis: they converse in secret) Where are they go.ng off to? . (he points at Phitexenus) 1 am giving that old man to you, I want you to calm him pleasantly. I'l go up to this angry man. Thus, we'll ty [450] to drive them both inside here. 1 shall see to my duty charmingly, though it’s nasty to embrace death. Do as I told you, Be quiet; you do your [duty] [and] I'll try to do mine. 1455] What are they secretly deliberating in counsel? ‘What do you say, man? What do you want of me? I'm of no value. Why are you worthless? Tell me. [460] Do you see this woman (he indicates the sister)? I see (her). The woman's not bid She by Pollux [is] bad, and you [are] of no value, Why (say) much? I'm in love. [465] You're in love? Yes indeed, You rotten man — you dare to become a lover as an old man? Ido dace. What is ie Becauise it's a disgrace. [470] Why [say] much? I’m not going to rebuke my son and you ought not to rebuke yours, If they're in love, they're acting wisely (The Bacchises return to che old men) Will you follow this way, sister? 8.2 Nie. Nic. 8.2 Bt wre. PHI. 8.2 PHL 8.2 Put Nic. PHL. Bet Nic, PHL NIG, PHL, Nic. at Section 2E 107 I will follow. [475] What now? Will you actually give us back [our] sons? If you don't give them back, I'll give you great trouble. T will put up with [that]. For I will not feel pain if you beat How persuasive she is. Alas for me, I’m aftai This one’s more calm, [480] Come with me this way and rebuke your son there if you want. Will you get away ftom me, villain? (speaks to sister) I beg you, take me inside, ‘What a charmer you are! You do know my conditions? [485] You want to be with me. That's what I want! O most wicked man! Yes, Lam. Come inside with me this way. There you'll have food, ‘wine, perfumes . [490] That's enough already of your party. My son and Chrysalus have taken away from me four hundred Phi- lipcoins. I can't forget. Well, what if I return half your gold — will you come in with me? He will do it; he'll forget everything. {495} Not at all. I refuse. I prefer to take revenge on those two [i.e. his son and Chrysalus). (he gets angn) You too, worthless man? You are worth as much as a rotten mushroom! Bacchis will give you half the gold. Take it. If you take it, by Pollux I'll lie down with you, I'll love you, I'll embrace you, [500] I'm done for. I’m saying no witk difficuley. Do yourself a favour while you are alive. Life, by Pollux, isn’t long. And if you lose this chance today, it won't ever happen afterwards in death. What do I do?PHI. Nz. Ber Nic. BT Nic, Bor 8.2 Nic. Exercises for 2E 108 [505] What ought you to do? You're actually asking? Twant to, and I'm afraid ‘What are you afraid of? Surely my son and slave will want to laugh at me? won't let them, [510] Because of you, I am becoming wicked, Take me in. The day is passing, go inside and lie down. Your sons are waiting for you inside. It's evening. Will you follow us? We'll follow, like slaves. Now learn the Learning Vocsbulary at GVE p. 134. EXERCISES FOR 2E Pages 135-6 Exercises copinabor, opinaberis etc, and conspicabor, conspicabers etc, ~ as for min« bor GVE pp. 134~5; widebor, uidebers etc. ~as for poliebor GVE pp. 134-31 inacar, iasceris etc. ebfuscar, obluiseris ete. — as for loguar GVE pp. 134-5; mentiar, mentiris etc. ~ as on GVE p. 1353 egrediar, grediers etc. and patiar, patiers tc. ~ as for progrediar on GVE p. 135 I shall think opinabimur, you will lie mentiemint; he/she will pray precabuntur, you will seem uidebers; you will speak loguemsin; we shall promise poliebor. preceberis; minabitur, widebuntur; loguemini pregredar,epinabinur, con burt, Sequecr. tninabitur he/she will threaten; prcabuntur they will pay: opinabor 1 shall think; uidebimini you will seem; conspcabitur hejshe will catch sight of; sequetur he/she will follow; lequentur they will speak. arbitrars you think conctur hehe tries: patuntur they suffer; logui- min’ you speak; sequimur we follow: adgrederis you go up to; ovr I delay, epinamur we think prgredimin’ you advance; uidetur helshe seems; mention Iam lying. dedit he gave, perfect: conaberis you will try, ftture; mentitur he lies, present; widebitur he will seem, future; feerunt they made, perfect; samant they like, present; delentshey destroy, present; dizent they will Exercises for 2E 109 say, future; loquers you (63) will speak, future; taliti you (6) have carried, perfect. Pages 136-7 EBrcercises X(3)_Nicobulus called his son 2 worthless young man. (0) Philoxenus, however, considered mistresses nothing but good. (©) Nicobulus is threatening Bacchis with death ifshe will not release his son, (@) Because he is in love, Philoxenus seems to Nicobulus to be as valuable as a rotten mushroom. (©) Bacchit! I order you 2o embrace that old man. I shall embrace this (©) Sister! I shall deal with the old man just as you ordered, although it seems a great evil fo me to embrace death. {g) In my opinion, both old men will soon advance to the doors. (i) Tris jute a5 I said. The old men are advancing to the doors. 22) The humble have a hard time when che powerful disagree. (enazpnus) (©) Divine nature gave the fields, human skill built the cities (warRo) (6) (For I remember, I remember and I shall never forget that night. (crcsno) (8) Heze, where Rome, the capital of the world, row is, was 2 tree, grass, a Few catle and the odd cottage. (ovr0) (©) Religion produced wicked and impious deeds, (.vcneT1us) (©) Nobody was an uteer scoundrel suddenly. (Ju VENA) ‘Page 137 Optional supplementary revision sentences Omitted. Pages 137-9 Reading and Reading exercise / Test exercise Omitted, apart from answers to 1 (a) + quod amator. (6) + nis omumSection 2B: Deliciae Latinae (2) + quar witem. (8) + nisi nobie (2) + quamquam Mueslocn .. ©) + du wins (@) F ubiad fores **English—Latin 5) emia (cen) mi nes, nec (©) htt see mento meee (eas hm eu sad ne el pear (9) “tp at al eh alacant (© gman our no ena 2 re, Philowene, homo nihil x. quamquam senex Jiri audes. angen es PH, “noll me casigae, Niccbule ets ws liom cas Inurbis, muerte curbunt “eee ie ducentos nuns reddam, ura : ene, si intabis, et anpleabor, pert dificil et, quod scelesoscastgare uo, intrabo tamen, ‘onguam me tlatum hae, NE ae SOR. 2 bene. bene sbi fais, ut debes, dum uinis. in morte nulla 1 aplexabitr aia, “ amator tamen Bact ste. DELICIAE LATINA, Page 139 Word exercise ita ie; malum evil; uox voice, feo 1 i wi I; uox voice, feral carry; ambi- both, dexter right (h ig psy slr wore: ptr \ ens mas doe ee | Consult an English dictionaty for meanings Page 140 Exercise Consult an English dictionary fer mesnings. Adjectives: ge Tread iis abe reac ‘Ibilis; sub- beneath + mer (stern mers-) Sak + ig im not bad I hese iy ic aoe bak Set Section 2B: Deliciae Latinae mm call + ~abilis; miles soldier + —arius; praise + abil urbs city + anus, scaena stage + iow muptiae marriage + als; in= not + pecunia money + ~osus,filias som + -alisy wideo (stem sis-) 1 see + ibis. Nouns: fiater brother + tas; sror sister + ~itas;sub- beneath + mito (stem miss) Tsend + io; nomino (stem nominat-) I name + io; audio (stem audit) Theat +i; uicinus neighbouring + ites; admonco (stem admonit-) + ~o; sto (stem stat) T stand + ~io; wideo stem wis) L see + -ibilitas; ideo (seem tis) 1 see-+ io; mitto (em miss-) + ~; longus + ~itndo, insto 1 urge + ania; adrogo 1 claim +antia, re~ back, again + plico (stem plicat) fold + ~io fugio (stem fugit) I flee + ius Real Latin Martial ‘You are the only one who has farms, Candidus, and the only one [who has} cash, ‘The only one who has gold coins, and the only one [with] expensive agate jars, ‘You're the only one who has Massic wines and the only one [who has] Caecuban wine of Opimius’ vintage. ‘And you're the only one who has a heart, and the only one [who has} wit. ‘You're the only one who has everything ~ don’t think I want to deny it! ‘But the wife you have, Candidus, [you share] with everyone [lit with the people]. (3.26) Page 141 Vulgate Six days shalt thou work, and thow shalt perdorm all thy tasks . thou shalt not commit adultery ... thou shale not speak false wit- ness aguinst thy neighbour. (Exodus 20.9T) Mottoes For God and fatherland/freedom/the church. For God, for the King, for the fatherland, for the Law. For faith and fatherland.Section 2B: Deliciae Latinae 12 For fatherland and freedom/king/teligion/virtue. To live and die for one’s country. For king and people. For King, Law and the people. For sport and prey. Section Three Plautus’ Amphitruo ZA creepy $50) ‘The translation remains close to the Latin but becomes moderately colloquial here and there. In this Section we concentrate on is, ea, id, ‘that’, pl. ‘those’, and “he, she, it’, which fonctions as an adjective and pronoun, like ille and hic. Thus Text |. 8 eae ‘that’; 1. 10 efus ‘of aim, hiss 1. 11 is ‘that’; and so on, Alll are in the vocabulary. ‘We also introduce comparative and superlative adjectives ~ ‘long ex’, “long-est’ in English, most commonly -ior, -issimus in Latin (e.g. Text 1. 19 longissima ‘very long’, ‘longest’, 1. 25 audacior "older, “more bold’) Page 49 9 Amphitruonis: ‘of Ampitruo’, ie. ‘belonging to Amphi- truo’. uiri and duds (genitive) both refer to him. 13, omnes: does not necessarily mean ‘they all’: wait for the verb nouistis. 14 Amphitruonis: genitive, after similem, ‘vesembling Amphi- truo’. similis also takes the dative (1. 17, Amphitruoni). 18 omnium: ‘of all (nights), 35 quan: you have learned quant as meaning ‘how! WithSeition 34 m4

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