TALLER ANALISIS NUMERICO

INTERPOLACION POR EL METODO DE LAGRANGE

ANA MARIA DELGADO CUADRADO

DOCENTE
GERMAN ISAAC SOSA MONTENEGRO

UNIVERSIDAD POPULAR DEL CESAR

VALLEDUPAR CESAR
2016

1. Obtener el polinomio usando la frmula de interpolacin de LaGrange con los siguientes

pares de valores ( 7,6 ) , ( 30,22 ) , e interpolar en el punto x=4
El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:
L0 ( x ) =

x x1 x30 1 30
=
=
x+
x 0x 1 730 23
23

L1 ( x ) =

xx 0
x7
1
7
=
= x
x 1x 0 307 23
23

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

p ( x )=6 ( L0 ( x ) )22(L1 ( x ))
p ( x )=6
p ( x )=

(123 x + 3023 )22( 231 x 237 )

16
26
x
23
23

Interpolacin en el punto

x=4

L0 (4 )=

4x 1 430
=
=1.4783
x 0 x1
730

L1 (4 )=

xx 0 47
=
=0.4783
x 1x 0 307

Polinomio de interpolacin:
p ( x )=6 ( L0 (4 ) )22( L1 (4 ))
p ( x )=6 ( 1.4783 ) 22 (0.4783 )
p ( x )=1.6528
2. Obtener el polinomio de interpolacin usando la frmula de interpolacin de lagrange con
los siguientes valores ( 1,10 ) , (4,10 ) , (7,34 ) , e interpolar en el punto x=3

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

x
( x+ 4)(x +7) 1 2 11 7
( 0x1 )(x 0x 2)=
= x + +
40 10
(1+ 4)(1+7) 40
(xx 1 )(xx 2)
L0 ( x ) =

x
( x1)(x +7)
1
2
7
( 1x 0 )(x1 x2 )=
= x2 x+
5
15
(41)(4 +7) 15
(x x0 )( xx 2)
L1 ( x ) =

x
( x1)(x + 4)
2
1
1
( 2x 0 )(x 2x 1)=
= x 2 + x
8
6
(71)(7+ 4) 24
( xx 0)( xx 1 )
L2 ( x ) =

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

p ( x )=10 ( L 0 ( x ) ) +10 ( L1 ( x ) ) +34 ( L2 ( x ) )
p ( x )=10

( 401 x + 1140 + 107 )+ 10( 151 x 25 x+ 157 )+ 34( 242 x + 18 x 16 )

2

p ( x )=x +3 x+ 6
Interpolacin en el punto

x=3

x
(3+ 4)(3+7)
( 0x1 )(x 0x 2)=
=6.4000
(1+ 4)(1+7)
(xx 1)(x x2 )
L0 (3 )=

x
(31)(3+7)
( 1x 0 )(x1 x2 )=
=9.6000
(41)(4 +7)
(xx 0 )( xx 2)
L1 (3 )=

x
(31)(3+ 4)
( 2x 0 )(x 2x 1)=
=1.5000
(71)(7+ 4)
(xx 0)(xx 1 )
L2 (3 ) =

Polinomio de interpolacin:
p ( x )=10 ( L 0 (3 ) ) +10 ( L1 (3 ) ) + 34 ( L2 (3 ) )
p ( x )=10 ( 6.4000 )+10 ( 9.6000 )+34 (1.5000 )
p ( x )=109
3. Obtener el polinomio de interpolacin usando la frmula de interpolacin de lagrange con la
siguiente tabla de valores. E interpolar en el punto x=1

Xk
Yk

-4
-16

-3
-5

2
-10

-6
-50

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

x
( x+3 )( x2 ) ( x+ 6 )
( 0x1 )(x 0x 2)( x 0x 3 )=
=12 x 3 +84 x 2432
(4+3 )(42 ) (4+ 6 )
( xx 1 )( x x2 ) ( xx 3 )
L0 ( x ) =

x
(x +4 )(x2)(x+6)
3
2
( 1x 0 )(x1 x2 )( x 1x 3)=
=15 x 120 x 60 x +720
(3+ 4)(32)(3+6)
(xx 0 )( xx2 )(xx 3)
L1 ( x ) =

x
(x+ 4)( x +3)(x+ 6) 20 3 260 2
( 2x 0 )(x 2x 1)( x 2x 3)=
= x +
x +360 x + 480
3
(2+4)( 2+ 3)(2+ 6) 3
( x x0 )(xx 1)(xx 3 )
L2 ( x ) =

x
( x +4)(x +3)( x2)
( 3 x0 )(x 3x 1)( x 3x 2 )=
=12 x 360 x 2+ 24 x+ 288
(6+ 4)(6+3)(62)
( x x0 )( xx 1)( xx 2 )
L3 ( x ) =

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

p ( x )=16 ( L0 ( x ) )5 ( L1 ( x ) ) 10 ( L2 ( x ) ) 50 ( L3 ( x ) )
p ( x )=16 ( 12 x 3+ 84 x 2432 ) 5 (15 x 3120 x 260 x+ 720 )
10

( 203 x + 2603 x +360 x+ 480)50 (12 x 60 x +24 x +288 )

3

p ( x )=416.33 x3 +1389.33 x 24500 x15888

Interpolacin en el punto

x=1

( 1+3 ) (12 ) (1+6 )

=336
(4+3 )(42 ) (4+ 6 )
( xx 1 )( x x2 ) ( xx 3 )
L0 ( x ) =

( 0x1 )(x 0x 2)( x 0x 3 )=

x
(1+ 4)(12)(1+6)
=525
(3+ 4)(32)(3+6)
( xx 0)( xx 2)( x x3 )
L1 ( x ) =

( 1x 0 )(x1 x2 )( x 1x 3)=

x
(1+4)(1+3)(1+6)
( 2x 0 )(x 2x 1)( x 2x 3)=
=933.33
(2+4)(2+3)(2+6)
(xx 0)(xx 1 )(xx 3)
L2 ( x ) =

x
(1+ 4)(1+3)(12)
=240
(6+ 4)(6+3)(62)
( xx 0 )( xx 1)( xx 2)
L3 ( x ) =

( 3 x0 )(x 3x 1)( x 3x 2 )=

Polinomio de interpolacin:
p ( x )=16 ( L0 ( 1 ) )5 ( L1 ( 1 ) )10 ( L2 ( 1 ) )50 ( L2 ( 1 ) )
p ( x )=16 (336 )5 ( 525 ) 10 ( 933.33 )50 ( 240 )
p ( x )=18582.3
4. Calcula el polinomio interpolador de lagrange de la funcin
x 0=1, x 1=2, x 2=3
El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:
x
( x2)( x3)
2
( 0x1 )(x 0x 2)=
=2 x 10 x+ 12
(12)( 13)
(xx 1 )( xx2 )
L0 ( x ) =

x
(x1)(x3)
2
( 1x 0 )(x1 x2 )=
=x + 4 x3
(21)(23)
(xx 0 )(xx 2)
L1 ( x ) =

f ( x )=

1
x

, en los nodos

x
(x1)( x2) 1 2 3
( 2x 0 )(x 2x 1)=
= x x+1
2
(31)(32) 2
(xx 0)(x x1 )
L2 ( x ) =

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

p ( x )=f (1) ( L0 ( x ) ) + f (2) ( L1 ( x )) + f (3) ( L2 ( x ) )
p ( x )=1 ( 2 x 210 x+12 ) + 0.5 ( x 2 +4 x 3 ) +0.33

( 12 x 32 x +1)
2

p ( x )=1.665 x 28.495 x +10.83

5. Interpolar la funcin
puntos

f ( x )=xsen( x)

x 0=2, x1=2.5, x 2=3

por un polinomio se segundo grado que pase por los

, calcular el valor interpolado de

x
( x2.5)(x3)
2
( 0x1 )(x 0x 2)=
=2 x 11 x+ 15
(22.5)(23)
( xx 1)( xx 2 )
L0 ( x ) =

x
(x2)( x3)
2
( 1x 0 )(x1 x2 )=
=x +5 x6
(2 .52)(2 .53)
( xx 0 )( xx 2)
L1 ( x ) =

x
(x2)( x2 .5) 1 2 9
5
( 2x 0 )(x 2x 1)=
= x x+
4
2
(32)(32.5) 2
(xx 0 )( xx1 )
L2 ( x ) =

El polinomio de interpolacin de lagrange es:

p ( x )=f (1) ( L0 ( x ) ) + f (2) ( L1 ( x )) + f (3) ( L2 ( x ) )

f (2.1)

p ( x )=0.069 ( 2 x 211 x +15 ) +0.109 (x 2+5 x6 ) +0.157

p ( x )=0.1075 x 20.5672 x +0.773 5
Valor interpolado de

f (2.1)

f ( 2.1 )= p ( 2.1 )=0.0563

( 12 x 94 x + 52 )
2