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Scaffolding is:
Tell them what they are going to learn and why. Link it to previously taught
concepts, knowledge or strategies.
Model/ demonstrate what you are teaching step by step and include thinking
aloud, create anchor charts for wall charts or in a modelling book, tell them the
learning secrets, give them tips, actions & any other ways to help the students
remember what you are teaching. Students observe & listen.
WE DO.
Practice going through the steps together on practice examples out of context ,
on snippets of text and then in context on continuous text (reading text or writing
text). End with a short review of what was covered today-question the students ,
summarise points, go over anchor chart.
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
Tell them what they are going to learn and why. Link it to previously taught
knowledge. Model/ demonstrate what you are teaching step by step and
include thinking aloud, create anchor charts for wall charts or in a
modelling book, tell them the learning secrets, give them tips, actions and
memory hooks to help the students remember what you are teaching.
Students observe & listen to teacher practise on examples.
WE DO.
Practice going through the steps together on practice examples out of
context-on flashcards/in modelling book, selected words from a book . End
with a short review of what was covered today-question the students ,
summarise points, go over anchor chart.
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
Games : purposes
Snap: fluent and automatic sight recognition
Fish: recognition of common properties eg rhyming words, words
starting with the same blend, words ending with the same blend
Memory: fluent and automatic sight recognition
POP! fluent and automatic sight recognition, recognition of
common properties and good for blending and chunking through
words.
Same and Different: Close visual analysis of words, noticing
patterns.
Word sorts: Strategy practice, visual analysis, noticing patterns,
fluent and automatic sight recognition
Strategies
Read the
Knowledge
Know what a
CAFE
Teaching Approaches
Daily 5:
big books.
Instructional Reading:
-Picture walk
-Make connections.
Shared Reading:
Sequence pictures to
tell a story. Photocopy
Shared Reading:
fairytales, classics eg
Hairy Mc Clary.
Annette Stock.
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
Strategies
Knowledge
Teaching Approaches
Use the
The picture carries Read the picture and read
pictures.
a message.
CAFE
Print carries a
message.
Do the
words and
pictures
match?
CAFE
matching/ finger
pointing.
is.
Simple match words and picture
left to right.
activities.
pictures.
Strategies
Practice
reading
High
Frequenc
y Words.
Knowledge
Teaching Approaches
To learn HFWs
Small group. Yolandas
we need lots of
Early Words Programme.
practice reading
Instructional reading:
and writing them. Repetitive text containing
the HFW you want the
student to learn. Use
texts with the HFW in
We look through them over the next few
words left to
days.
right.
Collect words that the
(syntax)
student had difficulty
Look for words
with on the first reading
that are the same of a new book. Use these
in books, on
words to create targeted
cards, on the wall word games.
they have the
Shared Reading: Come
same letters in
up and point to HFWs we
the same order.
have been learning.
(HFWs are
words that
occur
frequently in
reading and
writing. It
includes
regular and
irregular
words. All
irregular
words have to
be learnt by
sight. Must
say the letter
names to
learn them.
Regular words
say the All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
Copyright
Strategies
Cross
checking
(using
MSV
together)
CAFE
Knowledge
Teaching Approaches
Print carries a
Shared Book:
message/story that Model getting stuck and
makes sense and
crosschecking.
sounds right.
CAF: explicitly teach
actions for cross
To make sense it
checking.
must fit with the
Instructional reading:
story, the picture
Teach:
and the sentence.
What I say is what I see
and
If the word we say is
a long word, we
what I see is what I say.
should see a long
1-1: Running records.
word & if we say a
short word we should
see a short word. Eg
if we say hippo and
we see a long word
hippopotamus does
it look the right size
Strategies
Recognise
the initial
letter
sound of
words.
Eg fish
starts
with the
sound /f/.
CAFE
Knowledge
Teaching Approaches
Whole class or small
group Phonics.
Systematic phonics:
Yolanda Soryl /Joy Alcock
Synthetic phonics:
(based on Orton
Gillingham methods)
Review: Flashcards or
game before instructional
reading.
Incorporate small
opportunities to practice
throughout the day. Before
Strategies
Knowledge
Teaching
Approaches
Use initial Know the 26 short
Instructional
sound
sounds (common sounds) for Reading: whole
chunk
the letters of the
class or small
and look
alphabet.
group. (guided,
out for
ending
chunks.
Blend
Make initial letter sound
sounds in
chunk for unknown
regular vc
words.
and HFW Recognize common
cvc
suffixes (ending chunks):
words: in,
s, ed, ing.
at, on, is,
Recognize the beginning
it, an, up,
of a word and which way
us, am +
our eyes go through a
Mum, Dad,
word. (syntax)
Copyright
reserved
: Liz words
Hansen 2015
cat,
dog, All rights
Know
that
are
CAFE
poem card )
Daily flashcards:
26 short sounds.
Strategies
Use
punctuatio
n to
enhance
phrasing
and
prosody
(the
patterns of
stress and
intonation
in a
language)
Knowledge
Understand simple
punctuation marks !.?
CAFE
Scoop up groups of
words in phrases.
Eg said Dad.
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
Teaching Approaches
Instructional Reading:
whole class or small group.
(guided, strategy group,
shared reading-big book /
poem card )
Kung Fu Punctuation.
https://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=VZHUt0MY0Xw
Daily five:
-Read to someone-EEKK
Writing instruction:
(poems, big books, book box)
make links back to reading -Listen to reading: read along
punctuation.
-PM cds. Sunshine on line, ready
to read
-Read to Self. book box
Readers Theatre
familiar texts
Turn guided readers into
Readers Theatre.
Cut up sentences: cut into
Choral Reading: poems, groups of words then make & rebig books and readers
read.
Strategies
Rerunnin
g.
Knowledge
Teaching Approaches
Recognise the
Kung Fu Punctuation.
Instructional Reading:
start of a
sentence and
explicit teaching of
the end of a
integrating strategies whole
Integrate
sentence. Reclass or small group.
Strategies
run back to the
(guided, strategy group,
:
start of the
shared reading-big book )
Look at
1-1: Feedback and
sentence.
the
To work out
feedforward after a running
picture.
tricky words we
record on integrating
can now do 3
strategies.
Rerun
things to give
our brain
enough clues to
First
retrieve the
sound
word.
chunk
(mainly
CAFE
initial letter
at red)
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
Daily five:
-Read to someone-EEKK
(poems, big books, book box)
-Listen to reading: read along
-PM cds. Sunshine on line,
ready to read
-Read to Self. book box
familiar texts
Cut up sentences.
Strategies
Knowledge
CAFE
CAFE
Teaching
Approaches
Instructional
Reading: whole
class or small
group. (guided,
strategy group, shared
reading-big book )
Teach vowels,
blending,
consonants, first
sound chunk,
digraphs &
closed syllables
explicitly.
Strategies
Knowledge
Teaching
Approaches
Digraphs: sh, ch, th, wh, ph
Chunk
FLOSS Rule: if the word is one
letters
syllable, has a short vowel and ends in
and
s, l or f you double the final consonant
sound
eg. moss, fluff, will
chunks
ck & ctch-end a word after a short
together.
vowel.
CAFE
Phonics.
Instructional
Reading:
whole class or
small group.
(guided,
Open syllables: The vowel isnt
strategy
go, we, me, de, re, so, be, he, she, mo, book )
nu, su, hu, by, my, why.
Modelling
Diphthongs: ou (as in out at the
book:
Strategies
Knowledge
Recognize the
Same/sam
beginning of a word
e strategy:
and which way our
decode
eyes go through a
simple,
word.
Know that letters can
regular
go together to form
words
chunks.
using
Be able to spy and use
analogies.
known closed syllables
inside words to
generate other words
Eg. I know can so I
know man.
Know that some sound
chunks can be found in
different parts of the
base word.
Eg Sh:
ship, fish. (Beginning
of2015
words)
Copyright All rights reservedand
: Liz end
Hansen
CAFE
Teaching
Approaches
Phonics.
Instructional
Reading: whole
class or small group.
(guided, strategy
group, shared
reading-big book )
Modelling book:
Model how to look
and make
connections between
chunks in words.
Strategies
Knowledge
Integrate
Strategies:
Make the first
sound chunk;
skip the
word, read on
to the fullstop.
CAFE
words.
Modelling book:
Integrating strategies.
Make an anchor chart
for solving tricky
words.
Strategies
Chunking
through
words
Knowledge
CAFE
Same/sam
e
strategy:
decode
regular
words
using
analogies.
CAFE
Teaching
Approaches
Practice Daily
5 & Home
Word sorts-use
Suffixes ed and its 3 sounds (id,t,d) eg.
Phonics.
decoding clues.
rented, jumped, filled
Instructional
Word recognition
Magic e on the end of a word (silent e
Reading:
games
syllable): magic e has no sound but jumps
whole class or
Computer gamesover one consonant to make the vowel
small group.
decoding short
before it say its name.
(guided,
vowel
2 sounds of s. /s/ & /z/
strategy group, words/chunks/wor
Diphthongs: oi & oy eg. boil, toy.
shared reading- d families
Blend & digraph
Common long vowels: ee,ea, ai, ay.
big book)
C followed by an i, e or y
eg cent
Use modelling games
Word chunk
G followed by an i, e or y
eg giant
book make
games/word
2 letter Initial Blends + final blends nk, anchor charts.
families.
ng.
Link to known
Magic e games.
_dge after a short vowel. Eg. judge
chunks, sounds, Onset and rime
Rabbit Rule: VC.CV Two consonants the
words.
games
Word family
same in the middle of a word -chop it into
wheels
syllables. eg. hap.py The first vowel will be
Copyright All rights reserved : Flashcards
Liz Hansen 2015
or flip
short.
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
books.
Strategies
Recognise
High Freq
Words.
CAFE
Compound
words.
Check to see
if a big word
is a
Compound
word.
CAFE
Knowledge
Teaching
Approaches
Practice Daily 5
& Home
games.
Shared Reading:
Come up and point
Strategies
Recognise
simple
contractions.
CAFE
Knowledge
What is a contraction?
Contractions are formed
either by shortening a
word or merging two
words into one and by
replacing missing letter(s)
with an apostrophe. Eg.
Im, Ill, hes, shes, didnt,
cant, Ive, isnt, its, lets.
Teaching
Approaches
Instructional
reading:
whole class or small
group. (guided,
strategy group,
shared reading-big
book)
Practice Daily 5
& Home
Word sorts-into
different contraction
groups.
Word recognition
games-snap, fish,
memory.
Flashcards or flip
books.
Spelling practice.
Match contractions to
long form words eg.
match Im to I &
am.
Strategies
Knowledge
Be persistent;
Crosscheckin
know that one
g
strategy or
Monitoring
item of
reading for
knowledge may
not be enough
errors.
Searching for to work out
difficult words.
and using
Try a strategy
multiple
and if it doesnt
work, try
sources of
another
information
strategy : this
to confirm or
needs to
become fluent.
self correct.
Integrate
Look for clues
strategies
to which
First sound
strategies to
use or how to
chunk,
break the word
Chunking,
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen
2015correct
up into
blending,
CAFE
Teaching Approaches
Instructional
Reading: whole class or
small group. (guided,
strategy group, shared
reading-big book)
1:1 : conferring after a
running record.
Show the children the
dominant pattern of
sources of information
used at errors and what
they are neglecting.
V
IMF
IM
Strategies
Chunking
through
words
Knowledge
CAFE
CAFE
Teaching
Approaches
Phonics.
Instructional
Reading:
whole class or
small group.
(guided,
strategy group,
shared readingbig book)
Use modelling
book make
anchor charts.
Link to known
chunks,
sounds, words.
Practice Daily 5
& Home
Word sorts-use
syllable breaking
clues to put into
Rabbit, Tiger or
Camel groups.
Flashcards or flip
books.
Spelling practice
T charts of er.
POP game.
Suffixes,
diphthongs and er
words.
Match up base
words with
suffixes-how many
real words can you
make. Eg base
word : big, sad,
Strategies
Recognise
simple and
more
complex
contraction
s.
CAFE
Knowledge
Clue: Look out for apostrophes.
What is a contraction?
Contractions are formed either by
shortening a word or merging two
words into one and by replacing
missing letter(s) with an apostrophe.
Eg. Wouldnt, shouldnt, wont, dont,
theyll, well, couldnt, theyve,
theyd, youre, wheres, shell, wholl,
doesnt, youve, theyre, whats, hell,
youll.
Integrate
strategies
Be persistent; know that one
and
strategy or item of knowledge may
knowledge
not be enough to work out difficult
at speed.
words.
More rapid Try a strategy and if it doesnt work,
selftry another strategy : this needs to
correction
become fluent.
Copyright
All run
rights reserved
: Liz Hansen
on the
Look
for2015
clues to which strategies to
CAFE
Teaching
Approaches
Phonics.
Instructional
Reading:
whole class or
small group.
(guided,
strategy group,
shared readingbig book)
Use modelling
book make
anchor charts.
Link to known
chunks,
sounds, words.
Practice Daily 5
& Home
Word sorts-into
different
contraction
groups.
Word
recognition
games-snap,
fish, memory.
Flashcards or
flip books.
Spelling
practice.
Match
contractions to
long form words
eg. match Im
to I & am.
Strategies
Chunking
through
words
CAFE
Knowledge
_gh says /f/ -6 words only: cough,
laugh, trough, rough, tough enough.
_tion & _sion : sh is spelled sh at the
beginning or end of words and ti or si in
the middle of words. _tion is more
common.
_age: eg. baggage, cottage
Common Long vowel sounds: long e:
ie & ey.
_eigh, _oe.
R-controlled vowels: final position
ar=/er/
eg.dollar.
After w or
final position /or/=/er/ eg doctor, motor.
Three letter blends & digraphs: str,
spl, shr, thr.
Silent letters: Kn, gn, wr,_b, wh
Suffix : es,er
Teaching
Approaches
Phonics.
Instructional
Reading:
whole class or
small group.
(guided,
strategy group,
shared readingbig book)
Use modelling
book make
anchor charts.
Link to known
chunks,
sounds, words.
Word sorts-use
decoding clues.
Word recognition
games
Computer gamesdecoding short vowel
words/chunks/word
families
Blend & digraph
games
Word chunk
games/word families.
Magic e.
Onset and rime games
Word family wheels
Flashcards or flip
books.
Spelling practice
Strategies
Recognis
e
syllables
types +
Flip the
sound.
Knowledge
Tiger Rule: vc.v first syllable is
open (more common than camel)
Camel Rule: vc.v first syllable is
closed
Try tiger first and if it doesnt make a word
try camel.
CAFE
Consonant le syllables.
Count back 3 from the end and divide it.
Recognis eg. bub.ble
CV/VC li.on words: In a cvvc word, if
e
the two vowels are not recognizable as
syllables
a vowel team, look for a cv/vc pattern.
types.
Eg. create, neon, meow, giant
VCCCV mon.ster words: 3
consecutive consonants-look for a blend
or digraph. If you find one use vc/cv,
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
CAFE
Teaching
Approaches
Phonics.
Instructional
Reading:
whole class or
small group.
(guided,
strategy group,
shared readingbig book)
Use modelling
book make
anchor charts.
Link to known
chunks,
sounds, words.
Word sorts-use
decoding clues.
Word recognition
games
Computer gamesdecoding short vowel
words/chunks/word
families
Blend & digraph
games
Word chunk
games/word families.
Magic e.
Onset and rime games
Word family wheels
Flashcards or flip books.
Spelling practice
Strategies
Be a
voracious
reader!
CAFE
Knowledge
We can become
better readers by
reading every day.
Remember to
choose good-fit
books when you
are reading.
Use I-Pick to
select books.
Teaching
Approaches
Instructional
Increase amount of reading
Reading: whole
continuous text. Beginning
class or small
chapter books:
group. (guided,
Dr Suess. Level 16-18
strategy group,
Hey Jack & Billy B Brown.
shared readingLevel 19/20
selecting books )
I can Read: beginning reading
Use modelling
Level 1. Level 17-21
book Model
Zac Power : beginning reader
choosing good fit
books
chapter books.
https://docs.goog
www.icanread.com
le.com/file/d/0B1
Mata books from Marathon
53zkqMn6KsS29uWFR
Books NZ:
iWGUwN0U/edit
http://www.marathonbooksnz.com/mbnz/Super
.
_Sandwich_series.htm
Make anchor chart
l
for I Pick.
Turquoise to Gold
Strategies
Turquoise to Gold
Integrate Strategies and decode
more complex multisyllabic
quickly.
Practice using the strategies
from Emergent to Orange at an
increasingly rapid pace, more
and more independently. Look
for decoding, semantic and
meaning clues to which
strategies would solve the
problem the quickest.
Aim to keep the pace of the
reading flowing and fluent.
Apply knowledge of regular and
irregular spelling patterns.
Searching for and using
multiple sources of information
Copyright All rights reserved : Liz Hansen 2015
to confirm or self-correct.
CAFE
Knowledge
Searching for and
using multiple
sources of
information to
confirm or selfcorrect.
Try a strategy and
if it doesnt work,
try another
strategy-blending
small words,
chunking bigger
words, flip the sound,
analogy, reading on,
rerunning, ,look for
compound words,
look for contractions,
look for suffixes, look
Teaching
Approaches
Level 17-22.
Word sorts-use
Phonics.
Instructional decoding clues.
Word recognition
Reading:
games
whole class or
Computer gamessmall group.
decoding short vowel
(guided,
words/chunks/word
strategy
families
group, shared Blend & digraph
games
reading-big
Word chunk
book)
games/word families.
Use
Magic e.
modelling
Onset and rime
book make
games
anchor charts. Word family wheels
Link to known Flashcards or flip
books.
strategies,
Spelling practice
chunks,
sounds, words, Increase amount of
reading continuous
rules.
Turquoise to Gold
Strategies
Turquoise to Gold
Chunking:
Recognise Prefixes on the
front of base words when
chunking.
Recognise suffixes on the
end of base words when
chunking.
CAFE
Knowledge
Open Prefixes: de,
re, pro, pre, retro,
intro. (Long vowel)
Closed Prefixes: ad,
com, sub, ex, inter,
post, super, trans,
circum.
(short vowel)
Base words (root
words) :
Eg. Agree, correct,
act, kind, rest.
Suffixes: easier
suffixes and more
complex:
s,es,ed,ing,er
Teaching
Approaches
Level 17-22.
Word sorts-use
Phonics.
Instructional decoding clues.
Word recognition
Reading:
games
whole class or
Computer gamessmall group.
decoding short vowel
(guided,
words/chunks/word
strategy
families
group, shared Blend & digraph
games
reading-big
Word chunk
book)
games/word families.
Use
Magic e.
modelling
Onset and rime
book make
games
anchor charts. Word family wheels
Link to known Flashcards or flip
books.
strategies,
Spelling practice
chunks,
sounds, words, Increase amount of
reading continuous
rules.