( )

-
()
-
()

. .
- .-. ,
___________ ..
_______________ 2014 .






223200 -

, . .-.
____________ ..
_______________2014 .

10208
_____________ ..
2014


...................................................................................................................3
1. .............................................6
1.1. ..................6
1.2.
.......................................................................................................12
2.

.................................................................................................................................18
2.1. .......................................................................................18
2.2. ............................................................................................24
2.3. ............................................................................32
3. ...............................................................40
3.1. ...............................................40
3.2. ........................46
.............................................................................................................58
...................................................................59


()
,
,
.
,
.

.
-
[1, 7, 9, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 37, 51],


.
,

[9, 12]
[14, 16, 37].

.

:
1)

;
2)
;

3)
;
4) ;
5) -
;
6)

.

,

.

.

[35,

36];

.., .. ..;
, Desideri J.A., .. ..
,

,

:

.

( ),
.


:
4

1) XVIII

[24];
2) II
[26].

 1.
1.1.

, ,
, ,
..
,
.
[46].
(
)

/ [25, . 16].

F=( f i )i=1,r

, r 2 .

, .

, , . ,
,
[41].

(18481923)),
y, f i ( y ) f i ( x ) i=1,r f i ( x )< f i ( y )
6

 i.
P(S). - (Pareto-frontier).
,
.

x X

P(Z). ,

,
,
.
,
.

.

x S

y S

, f i ( y ) < f i ( x ) i [57].

,
.

. Z
.

 1. 2
,
(
) [56].
(sharing). ,
. rh [ 0, 1 ) ,
'
, k, k =k +r h .

rh=1e mh ,(1.1)
Np

mh= Sh ( d i , j ) ,(1.2)
i

d i , j=

di , j

N par

d i , j=
k=1

di, j
, d <
share i , j share ,(1.3)
0, d i , j < share
x i=( a 1 .. a N

par

x j=( b1 ..b N

par

g
ak bk
,(1.4)
maxk mink

Np , maxk mink
ak, Npar , g,
[34, 52]. g=0.2

share

share

=0.95.


3 .


, .
,
.

. ,

.
,

,

(
).
,

,

..

,
.
.
,

.
9

 [35].
.

F1 ( f ( x ) )=a1 f 1 ( x ) +...+a r f r ( x ) , ai=1 ,(1.5)

i=1

F1
ai>0. , F1 X ai>0
. F1

ai 0

, <, ,

F1 X

ai 0

-.

,
.

F ( f ( x ) ) =max ai|f i ( x )z i|, z i< min f i ( x ) ,(1.6)
xX

1 i r

<

. f(x)

.
(-)
,
. , fr , f1,,fr-1
10

 :
x X

f 1 , , f r 1

1 , , r 1

min f r ( x )
x

f i ( x ) i , i=1, ,r 1,

,
-
,
. ,
- ,
. (ai,
i), .. -
-.

,
, . .

, . . ,
, j

f j (x) F j

j
f
F j .

11

 ,

.


f 10 ,

f1

f1

f1

, . .

.
0

f 2 ( x ) min ; f 1 ( x ) f 1 ( x )+ f 1

.


, ,
,

,

, .
,
,
.
1.2.

()

.

12

. ,

-
[31].

.

10-15

() [35, 40, 45, 57, 60].

-
.
() ,
.
- ,
, -
.
, [57] .

.
1.

O(MN3) ( N ).

,
[57].
2. : [54, 61] ,

,
3.

s h are

13


. ,

s h are

.
1993-1995
.
MOGA [40], NSGA

[57],

NPGA

[45]

.
: 1)
2)
.


[32, 33],

), ,
. ,

. [61] ,
.
SPEA
[60], - PAES [46]
[54]. .
[60]
SPEA,
,
,
14

.
.
.

, ,

,
.
.
SPEA, [60], (MN 3),
O(MN2).

[46]

,
(1+1) - .

. PAES .
,
. ,
, ,
( ).
,
.
, ,
. ,
.
,
.
,
.
15

 dn ( d n - )
. ,
PAES O(aNM), a -
[36].
N, O(MN2).
. [54]

,
,
. ,
, .
.
,
,
.
, .
O(MN2).

. , ( )
. ,

, .
.
: ,
, ,
.
. ,
, , ,

16

 . ,
( ).
(
), ,
,
.
: 1)
, ; 2)
,
; 3) ,
[55].

[30, 39, 53],
: ,
,
.

min f ( x ) , x A , x B ,(1.7)

x , x A
,

xB

. ,

x

d ( x , B)
min f

d ( x , B)

x B p(d)
, (0)=0.
(d), B, (1.7)
(1.8). , (1.8)
17

( , (d) )
(1.7),
, , f(x) A.
,
.

18

 2.


2.1.


,
,
.
()

.

[1, 7, 13, 15],
.

-
,

.),

[14].

,
,
[1]

.
19



(
) [1, 2].


() ()
.
100 50 8

2,5 / [2].

[10],

[22]. ,
,

() [19, 56].

,
,
.

[1]: ,
, , .
, (
).
.
,

= 0 exp (H / H m )

, Hm=7,11 .

(V0=7,8 /), ,
20

 M . ,


( )
H, V, L

H0, V0, L0, 0 t0
(t) K(t) [1].
:

(t),

K(t)

t1

Q ( K , ,t 1 )= q ( H ( t ) ,V ( t ) , R , k , k i , ) dt

(2.1)

|V (t)|< ag ,

q ( H ( t ) , V ( t ) , R , k , k i , )

max

T <T

(2.2)

V(t) H(t),
k; R
; g ;

k i

(i=1,...,N 1)

.
T max

.
K(t), (t) -

( ,
, . .) (
, , . .) [7].
21

 (2.1) (2.2)
,
.

[9]: V(t) H(t),
0tt1, V(t) H(t) ,

t1

Q ( V , H , t 1 ) =min q ( H ( t ) , V ( t ) , R , k , k i , ) dt

(2.3)

(2.2).
(2.2), (2.3)
, , (2.1),
(2.2).

,

[1]

:
V(0)=V0, H(0)=H0, V(t1)=V, H(t1)=H, t1 tmax (2.4).
t1 0

tmax

.

(2.2),
(2.3) [1]. ,
,
,
:

22


2
|V | S V (2.5).
M 2

(2.3)

(2.2), (2.4), (2.5) ,

[9].

(2.3)
.

0, Re,
K=ReO(1). = /
; Re=VR/ ;
.

,
( 5% ) ,
[11, 18].
,

q ( H ( t ) , V ( t ) , R , k , k i , )=0,5 V 3 X q ( H ( t ) , V ( t ) , R , k , k i , )

(2.6).

Xq ,

[10].

23

[17,

38],

-
.

.

80 65 , ,
[20].
2
R=0,5 , - ( 1
3) ( 4) T=1200 K ( 1, 2)
( 3, 4)
( 1)
( 24) [48] ( 5 ).
1, 2 ,
40%
[10].

24

 2. [9, . 115]
(2.3)
,
[27],

105 30
.

Np

=20 ;

Ng

N c =N p N g

=2000 4000

, .

Nc

, (2.3)

.

.
R, k, ki
[10] 21 22 V=0,25 /
7,8 2,3 /c H=2,5 100 50
25

. (2.3)
,
B- .

,
, 0,5%,
. ,
, ,
,
[9].
,
, H(t) V(t),
(2.3).
2.2.

. (),
,
.
. ,
. , ,
,

, .
,
.
(John Holland),
60 . 1975 ,
26

 [44],
.
, ..
(
).

(, ,

[28]),

, ,
. ,

,
,

[8].

. ,
. ,
[29]. .
,
,
.

(
),
.
.

.
27

 ,
, .
,
.. [3].
,
, .

.
k i

P {i }=

f (i)
,i I k ,(2.7)
f (i )
i I k

, f(i)>0 iI [47].

.

, ,

[4]. ,

. , ,
[23].
,
(crossover).
, . i1,
i2 i'
0,5 .
28

 i1, i2 , i'
. ,
i' i1, i2 .

,
.

i'

, pm(0, 1)
. , , i' = (0, 0,
0, 0, 0) j' = (1, 1, 1, 0, 0), pm pm pm (1
pm) (1 pm) > 0. , i'
. , i'
,
[41].

. , ,
, . ,
,
, .
,

.
,
.

, ,
.
. ,
29


,
[34].

,

, [9].

[42-43, 59] :
, ,
.

.
.
A '= ( y ' 1 , , y ' n )

B ' =( y ' 1+ (1 ) y 1 , , y ' n +(1 ) y n )

A=( y 1 , , y n )

B=( y 1+ ( 1 ) y ' 1 , , y n+(1 ) y ' n)

[0,1]. 95%,

.
, .
[50].

yi

yi [
y 'i=

mini

max i

]:

y i+ ( max i y i ) (1r

l
(1 )
L

) , round ( s ' )=0,

l
(1 )
L

y i + ( yi mini ) (1r

(2.8)

) , round ( s' )=1,

30

 s, r [0, 1]; round( ) ;

l

maxi

mini

yi

()

() ,
(
),
( ) [56].
,
[37], ,
. A B

dist ( A , B )=

N
aib i
1
,(2.9)

N i=1 max imini

d . d=0.2.

M r ( A , B )=1dist ( A , B )

. A B

, M r ( A , B )=1 , ,
. ,
, ,

Mm

. ,

M r ( A , B )=M m ( 1dist ( A , B ) ) ,(2.10)

. V(t) H(t)
- m- ,
m
B i ( ) :

31

B ( )=C im
1

R ( ) = B ( ) Pi ,
i=0

Cm =

m!
i ! ( mi ) ! ,

1
1

mi

( )( )

m
i

m
i

P ( )= { H ( ) , V ( )} ,

, 0 1( 2.11)
= t/t ; t ; Pi
i=0, , m

. (Hi,Vi) Pi
1.
P0 = (H0,V0) Pm = (H,V)
, (4). , S = (
a1

a2

a2 m1

, ...,

ai=H i ,
ai=V im+1 ,

),

1 i m1 ;

m i 2 ( m1 ) ;

a2 m1= 1

(2.12)

- m- .
ai

S ,

ai

mini maxi.
(2), (5)

(3)

[9, . 116]:

Q=

q 1+ q2
q3 +

|V (t )|
g

a ,|V (t)|>ag ,

q 4 ( T max
T )
T

max

,T >T max
,

(2.13)

|V (t)| S ( t ) V 2 (t)
q 5 +q 6

,|V (t)|> S ( t ) V 2 (t)/2 M

g
2 Mg
Q ,

qi

(i = 1,...,6) ,

Q Q. ,

qi

32

.
,
,
.
.
10 .
, .
(2.3)
,
[27],
.
105 30
.
,
(2.3)

.
.

R, k, k wi [10]
V =0.25
21 22
/ 7.8 2.3 /c

H=2.5 100 50 .

(2.3)

, B .

33


,
, 0,5%,
.

.
, , ,

,
.

: , ,
.
2.3.

,
,
,
().
[5]
,
,
,
.

.
34

 ,
[10, . 902]:
2
3

Di ( ui a1/ 2 a1/
(ii) ) =0, D 3 P= A u u

/2
1

( D u + A 3 u u )=a a1
( ) D P+ D 3 ( D 3 u )

,
N

k =1

k=1

k,
c p DT =2 D P+ D 3 ( c p (RePr)1 D3 T ) +2 1 B D 3 u D3 u D 3 T c p k h k W
N

D c k + D 3 I k =W k , P= R
k=1

i
x

D i=

2
D =u a1/
(ii) D

ci
x

=
3
j=1

ck
,
mk

D=D + u3 D3

/2 1 /2
B =a a1
( ) a( )

,
N

m
m
ci I jc j I i )ci
(
( c k I jc j I k ) ,(2.14 )
m j Sij
k=1 j=1 m j S kj

R x

R*x3 ;
V u u ,

V u3

, ,
x

V P

T0

- , ,

, N ;
V R
=
(T 0)

(T 0)

V c p /(2 T 0 )

Pr=

cp
,

, m - , ,

, ;
V 2 c pi /(2T 0 ) ,

V I i

i / R
V W

S ii

ci

mi

2
, V hi /2 ,

- ,

, , ,
35

 i-
R ,

, ;

To

, u =k u .

(2.14)
( - )
( s , w B -
).
x 3=x 3s ( x 1 , x 2 ) :
2

( u3 D x s ) =u3 ,

P=( u3 )

u3 ( c k c k ) + I k =0 ,

u3 (u u )= 1 D3 u ,
3

k=1

c k ( hk hk ) (u3 ) B ( u u )( u u ) = c p ( RePr )1 D3 T ,
(2.15)
x 3=0 :
i

u =0
N

k =GT 4
c p ( RePr)1 D3 T hk W
k=1

I k =r k ( k =1, , N ) , r k = k wi ci ( i=O , N , NO )
(2.16)

N, O, NO,

.
N2

O2

-
A 2 + M =2 A + M ,

36

NO+ M =N + O+ M ,

A2

, A, M

O2

N2

, O, N

)
N 2 +O 2=2 NO ,
NO+O=N +O2 ,
NO+ N =O+N 2 .

[51].
[6, 4950, 58].
NASA X38 [58].

(2.14)-(2.16)

.
=x
3

xs

x3

'
= d , = d u =f
0
0

X i=

Ii

1
, l=
, P =
2

(2.17)

,
[10, . 905]:
'

(l ( u )' ) + D u =k ( u ) 2+
(l c Pr

' '

P
, =1,2

) +c p D = c pk X k ' + hk
'

k=1

k
W

)
37

X 'iD c 'i=

k
W
,i=1,2, , N1,

'

X i= i c i+ i c i ,i=1,2, , N1,
2

'
2

P =2 k ( u ) p=

D ( k 1 f 1+ k 2 f 2 )

R A T0
V 2

d
,
d

(2.18)

=1 :
l cp ' N
l ( u ) + u =1, =1,2,
+ c j ( h jh j ) =1,
Pr
j=1
'

X i + ci c i=0, i=1,2, , N 1,
p=1, P =2 k , ( k 1 f 1 +k 2 f 2) =1,
(2.19)
=0:

1
u =0, X i = r i ,i=1,2, , N1,
4

4
l cp ' N
2 T 0
G
+ c j ( h jh j )=
,G=
Pr

V 3
j=1

(2.20)

,

.
,

3

M
=K , M = mi u i , K= k i ui ,(2.21)

i=0
i=0

38

u0=1, u1=

u2
u
, u2= 3 ,

(2.21)

ij ui=0, ( j=1,2 =0, j=3 = ) , ( 2.22 )

i=0

:
1

H i= ( a j f i+ j +b j f 'i+ j )=0, ( 2.23 )

j=1

a jb j c j

- , ,

(2.23)

i =i

i +1=( i+1)

i 1=(i1)

a jb j c j

- .
j

, .
a1=1, a 0=1,a1=1, b 1=

4

, b 0=
, b1=
, c 1=0, c 0=0, c1=0, ( 2.24 )
3
3
3

a1=2,a 0=4, a1=2, b1= , b0=0,b1= ,c 1=0,c 0=0, c1=0, ( 2.25 )

a1=1, a 0=0, a1=1, b1= ,b 0=0, b1 = , c 1=

2
2 (
, c 0=0,c 1=
, 2.26 )
3
3

,
(2.26)
. ,
[21], ,

39


, .

= + 2 , = +
f ( )=f , f ( 0 )=f 0 , f ( )=f

. (2.23-2.26)

.
f f =

'
( f + 4 f '0 + f ' ) +O ( 4 ) ( 2.27 )
3

f 2 f + f =

' '
( f f ) +O ( 4 ) ( 2.28 )
2
'

f f = ( f + f

''

) ( f ' ' f '' ) +O ( 4 ) ( 2.29 )

3

(2.25-2.26)

ui

0
ui

u01=

3 u2 u2 u 1 + u1

+O ( 4 ) ( 2.30 )
2 2
4

3 u3 u3 u 2 + u2
u=

+O ( 4 ) ( 2.31 )
2 2
4
0
2

u03=

u3 +u3 u2 u2

+O ( 4 ) ( 2.32 )
2
4

(2.25) (2.26)
(2.21)) (2.29)

f M ,f 'K

f u 3 , f ' u 2 , f ' ' u1 ,

M,K

u0i

(2.30)-(2.32) ,
:

40

B =B , B = b ji ui , , ; j=1,2,3 ( 2.33 )

i=0

~
bli =m i k i ( 2.34 )

~
~ 0
k 0=
k 0 +2 k 00 ) , k 1=
(
( k 1k 1 ) ,
3
3
~ 0
2 0 ~ 0
0
k2 =
k 2k 2 ) +k 1
k 3 , k 3=
k 3+ k 3 ) + k 02 ,
(
(
3
3
3
2

(
b =~
mi + mi +
k 2.35 )
3 i

2i

~
m0 =
m1 =
( m0+ 2 k 00 ) , ~
( m1 m10) ,
3
3

~
m2 =
m3=
( m2 m02 )+m01 3 m03 , ~
(m3 +2 m30) +m02 ,
3
3
b30=0,b 31=

, b32= , b33
=1 ( 2.36 )
3

= , = ,

(2.33)-(2.36)
, . . [22] .

.
,
()
(
- ).

41

 3.
3.1.

.
,

.
:
n=1000; Pcross=0.95,
n=2. Np=20; 50; 100 Pmut=0.05; 0.1;
0.2; 0.3; 0.4 .
.
1

2

f ( x )=100 ( yx ) + ( 1x ) ,(3.1)

c1 : x + y2 0
2

c 2 : x + y 0

0.5 x 0.5, 0 y 1.0 .

X =( 0.5,0.25 )

f ( X )=0.25 .

1 -

20

50

100
42

0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4

0
0
0
0
-13
4.136*10
1.953*10-11
3.048*10-12
1.565*10-10
7.964*10-10
7.27*10-10
2 -

20

0.05
5.068*10-15
0.1
0
0.2
2.055*10-10
0.3
1.819*10-8
0.4
2.365*10-7
2

0
0
1.202*10-10
9.939*10-9
3.735*10-10

50
0
0
8.088*10-10
6.874*10-8
1.408*10-7

100
0
0
1.309*10-9
1.291*10-7
2.612*10-7

f ( x )=x y ,(3.2)

c 1 :2 x 48 x 3 +8 x 2+ 2 y 0
c 2 : 4 x 432 x 3 +88 x2 96 x+ 36 y 0

0. x 3, 0 y 4.0 .

X =( 2.3295,3.1783 )

f ( X )=5.5079.

3 -

0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4

20
50
1.077*10-5
1.085*10-4
1.185*10-5
3.97*10-5
5.834*10-5
4.433*10-5
9.149*10-4
2.924*10-4
2.595*10-4
1.047*10-3
4 -

100
1.129*10-4
2.824*10-5
2.509*10-4
4.41*10-6
1.634*10-4

43


20
0.05
1.216*10-2
0.1
7.778*10-5
0.2
1.395*10-3
0.3
4.872*10-3
0.4
7.858*10-3
3

50
1.127*10-4
8.333*10-5
9.396*10-4
4.176*10-3
8.689*10-3

100
1.130*10-4
7.731*10-5
9.583*10-4
2.99*10-3
5.901*10-3

f ( x )=0.01 x 2+ y 2 ,(3.3)

c 1 : xy 25 0
c 2 : x 2 + y 225 0

2 x 50, 0 y 50.

X =( 15.811388,1.581139 )

f ( X )=5.0 .

5 -

0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4

20
1.207*10-7
4.584*10-6
2.286*10-5
5.346*10-6
5.555*10-4

50
6.017*10-7
1.148*10-6
1.906*10-5
1.793*10-4
6.269*10-5

100
9.667*10-7
5.598*10-6
1.856*10-5
9.819*10-5
1.276*10-4

6 -

0.05
0.1

20
6.947*10-4
2.137*10-4

50
4.931*10-4
2.646*10-5

100
6.847*10-4
3.942*10-5
44

5.996*10-4
1.888*10-3
3.996*10-3

0.2
0.3
0.4

2.806*10-4
1.231*10-3
2.389*10-3

3.481*10-4
1.101*10-3
1.953*10-3

4

f ( x )=( x2 )2 + ( y1 )2 ,(3.4)

c 1 :x + y 0
c 2 :2x y 0

0 x 2.0, 0 y 2.0 .

- X =( 1.0,1.0 ) f ( X )=1.0 .
7 -

0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4

20
4.332*10-11
3.924*10-7
3.252*10-5
1.209*10-4
5.001*10-4

50
4.478*10-11
3.304*10-6
8.396*10-5
1.606*10-4
2.260*10-4

100
5.209*10-11
2.906*10-6
9.702*10-5
2.895*10-4
3.340*10-5

8 -

0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4

20
8.380*10-7
8.055*10-6
2.69*10-4
8.776*10-4
1.760*10-3

50
3.155*10-9
1.570*10-5
3.25*10-4
1.022*10-3
1.494*10-3

100
8.737*10-10
1.767*10-5
4.162*10-4
8.015*10-4
1.344*10-3
45


0.05.
.

.

f 1 ( x , y )=x , f 2 ( x , y )= y ,(3.5)

x 2+ y 2 1

0 x 1.0, 0 y 1.0 .

.
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

0.05

0.35

0.65

1.00

0.95

3.

s h are

46

s h are

0.65 0.95

,
.
.
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.40

0.50

0.60
10

0.70
20

0.80

40

0.90

1.00

80

4.


( 3
40 ) , ,
.
,

.
.

s h are

47

3.2.
(
)

.
-

R =0,5

3 2
S /M =1.06.010 / ,

a=3,0,

T max
w =1500 ; 2500 K ,

V 0=7.8 / ,

H 0=100 ,

k =0.1; 1.0,

V =2.3 / ,

H =50 t =15 ; 30 .

.
9 - k=0,1

20
0.05
0.763564E+00
0.1
0.758717E+00
0.2
0.731570E+00
0.3
0.752468E+00
0.4
0.748877E+00

:
50
100
0.726659E+00
0.719094E+00
0.723959E+00
0.722088E+00
0.721037E+00
0.727525E+00
0.722549E+00
0.729991E+00
0.742572E+00
0.738482E+00

0.05.
48

 10 - k=1,0

20
0.05
0.965102E+00
0.1
0.955218E+00
0.2
0.953170E+00
0.3
0.944812E+00
0.4
0.947454E+00

:
50
100
0.934926E+00
0.936346E+00
0.932835E+00
0.940654E+00
0.937408E+00
0.940080E+00
0.946356E+00
0.933695E+00
0.946068E+00
0.934061E+00

0.3.



,
.
,
, .

. 5-7.
()
.

49

100.00
95.00
90.00
85.00
80.00
, 75.00
70.00
65.00
60.00
55.00
50.00
20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

V, /
5.

80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0

10

15

20

25

30

6.

50

100.0
95.0
90.0
85.0
80.0
75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
55.0
50.0

10

15

20

25

30

7.

, ( )

.

, ,

.

2.510

t=30 T=1500 K.

51

 11 - k=0,1


1.9
0.723193E+00
2.0
0.719051E+00
3.0
0.719051E+00
4.0
0.719051E+00
5.0
0.719051E+00
12 - k=1.0

1.9
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0

0.9400545+00
0.933695E+00
0.933695E+00
0.933695E+00
0.933695E+00

,
2.0 g, , ,
.

1 2
1.510 .

13 - k=0,1

2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0

0.856105E+00
0.857053E+00
0.857053E+00
0.857053E+00
0.857053E+00

14 - k=1.0

2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0

0.132263E+01
0.131699E+01
0.131699E+01
0.131699E+01
52

5.0

0.131699E+01
13-14 ,

, .
2.5 g.


1 2
2.510 , t=15

T=1500 K.
15 - k=0,1


2.0
0.901360E+00
2.5
0.904067E+00
3.0
0.904354E+00
3.5
0.903407E+00
4.0
0.907498E+00
4.5
0.904537E+00
5.0
0.904537E+00
6.0
0.904537E+00


(. 8).
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

53

8.

k=0.1 2500


.
16 - k=1.0


2.0
0.147287E+01
2.5
0.148137E+01
3.0
0.145735E+01
3.5
0.147514E+01
4.0
0.147037E+01
4.5
0.147852E+01
5.0
0.147852E+01

. 9.
1.49
1.48
1.48
1.47
1.47
1.46
1.46
1.45
1.45
2

2.5

9.

3.5

4.5

k=1.0 2500

.
54

 ,
, ,
.
,

..
,
.
. .. ..
[12] ,
,
,
.

a g=3.0

T=1500 K

17 k=0.1


1.0
0.967604E+00
1.5
0.855641E+00
2.5
0.717124E+00
3.5
0.631790E+00
5.0
0.563145E+00
6.0
0.517117E+00
, . 10,
,
.

55

1.7
1.5
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.7
0.5
1

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

10.

100.00
95.00
90.00
85.00
80.00

75.00

2,5

1,5
3,5

70.00

5
6

65.00
60.00
55.00
50.00
20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

11.
k=0.1
. 11
,
56

 ()
.
.
18 k=1.0


1.0
0.163500E+01
1.5
0.133173E+01
2.5
0.953170E+00
3.5
0.775988E+00
5.0
0.647805E+00
6.0
0.590261E+00
. 12 ,
,
,
k=0.1,
.
1.7
1.5
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.7
0.5
1

1.5

2.5

9.

3.5

4.5

5.5

. 13.
. 13 :
,
57


23-25 /, ,
, .
100.00
95.00
90.00
85.00
80.00
1.0

H,

75.00

1.5
2.5

70.00

3.5
5.0

65.00

6.0

60.00
55.00
50.00
20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

V, /
13.
k=1.0


2500 .
19 . 11
19 k=0.1

1.0
1.5
2.5
3.5
5.0
6.0

0.962841E+00
0.855953E+00
0.728284E+00
0.631790E+00
0.545761E+00
0.516809E+00
58

1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
1

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

14.


k=0.1 .
20 k=1.0

1.0
1.5
2.5
3.5
5.0
6.0

.115044E+01
.101203E+01
.862175E+00
.747073E+00
.648229E+00
.590812E+00

1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
1

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

59

 15.

k=1.0

.
,

. .

.

,
.

.

60





.

.
,
.

,
,
.

.
,

.


, .

61


1. .. . / ..
. : , 1970. 173 .
2. .. /
.. , .. . . : - . -, 1997. 197 .
3. ..
/ .. , .. , ..
. ,
2009. . 91. 2. . 76-82.
4. ..
/ .. , .. , .. .
. , 1978. 2. . 138146.
5. epe .A., e C.B., Tpc .A.
eoca . .
M, 1985. .19. . 3-84.
6. .., .., ..
. , 1978 . 2. T.1.
7. .., ..
. . : , 1985. 328 c.
8. ..
/ .. , .. .
. . .
. 1 (26). . : - , 2003. . 180-188.
9. ..
/ .. , .. , ..
, 2000. . 41. 4.
. 112-123.
10. .., ..

. 1988. . 26, 5. . 901908.
11. .. II. .: , 1980. 417 .

62

12. .., ..


. : , 2013, .
10.
13. . / . .
. : , 1969. 320 .
14. -
/ ..
[ .]
. . . . 2010. 2. . 166-190.
15.
. / .. [ .] . : , 1972. 264 .
16. .
: ., 2000.
117 .
17. - / . .
[ .] . : , 1972. 187 .
18. .. . .: , 1984. 232 .
19. .., ., ..
. ,
1998. . 10, 9. C. 111122.
20. .., .. -
. . : , 1988.
. . . 22 . 62177.
21. ., .. .
. : , 1986. 320 .
22. ..

. . : , 1964 C. 304325.
23. ..
/ ..

63

 .. , 2009.
3. . 21-36.
24. .. :

//

XVIII

/ 3- . . 3. : -
, 2009. . 427-429.
25. .. :
/ .. . Saarbrcken : LAP LAMBERT Academic
Publishing, 2013. 56 .
26. ..
//
. . 282. -:
: II
, 50-
- . : - . -. 2012. . 316-318.
27. ., ., .
. . : , 1980. 233
28. ..
/ .. , ..
, 2009. . 93. 4. . 3639.
29. ..
, / .. , ..

, 2001. . 22. 4. . 374-376.
30.Avriel M. Nonlinear Programming: Analysis and Methods (Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice-Hall). 1976.
31.Bentley P.J., Wakefield J.P. Finding Acceptable Solutions in the Pareto-Optimal
Range using Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms. In Proceedings of the 2nd On-

64

Line World Conference on Soft Computing in Engineering Design and

Manufacturing, 1997.
32.Coello Coello C.A. A comprehensive survey of evolutionary-based multiobjective
optimization techniques. Laboratorio Nacional de Informatica Avanzada, Veracruz,
Mexico, 1998.
33.Coello Coello C.A. An empirical study of evolutionary techniques for
multiobjective optimization in engineering design. PhD thesis. Department of
computer science, Tulane university. New Orleans, LA, apr 1996.
34.Costa L. and Oliveira P. An Adaptive Sharing Elitist Evolution Strategy for
Multiobjective Optimization, Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 417-438, Winter 2003.
35.Deb K., Multiobjective Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms.
Chichester, U.K.: Wiley, 2001.
36.Deb K., Pratap A., Agarwal S., Meyarivan T. A Fast and Elitist Multiobjective
Genetic Algorithm: NSGA II. KanGAL Report No. 200001. Indian Institute of
Technology, Kanpur, India, 2000.
37.Desideri J.A., Peigin S., Timchenko S. Application of genetic algorithm to space
vehicle reentry trajectory optimization problem. Inria, No. 3843, 1999.
38.Fay J.A., Riddel F.R. Theory of stagnation point heat transfer in dissociated air J.
Aeronaut. Sci. 1958. V. 2. P. 7385.
39.Fisher M.L. The Lagrangian relaxation method for solving integer programming
problems Management Sci. 27. 1981, P. 1-18/
40.Fonseca C.M. and P.J. Fleming, Genetic algorithms for multiobjective
optimization: Formulation, discussion and generalization, in Proceedings of the
Fifth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms,S. Forrest, Ed. San Mateo,
CA: Morgan Kauffman, 1993, pp. 416423.
41. Goldberg D.E. Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning.
N. Y.:Addison-Wesley, 1989. 307 P.
42.Herrera F., Lozano M., Sanchez A.M. Hybrid Crossover Operators for Real-Coded
Genetic Algorithms: An Experimental Study Soft Comput. 9(4) : 280-298 (2005).
43.Herrera F., Lozano M., Verdegay J.L. Tackling real-coded Genetic algorithms:
operators and tools for the behaviour analysis Artificial Intelligence Review, Vol.
12, No. 4, 1998. P. 265-319.
65

44.Holland J.H. Adaptation in natural and artificial systems / J.H. Holland. Ann
Arbor. MI: University of Michigan Press, 1975.
45.Horn J., Nafploitis N., and Goldberg D.E. A niched Pareto genetic algorithm for
multiobjective optimization. Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on
Evolutionary Computation, Z. Michalewicz, Ed. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press,
1994, pp. 8287. [8]
46.Knowles J., Corne D., The Pareto archived evolution strategy: A new baseline
algorithm for multiobjective optimization, in Proceedings of the 1999 Congress
on Evolutionary Computation. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 1999, pp. 98105.
47.Koza J.R. Genetic Programming: On the Programming of Computers by Means of
Natural Selection. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, MA: MIT Press, 1992,
819 p.
48.Masek R.V., Hender D., Forney J.A. Evaluation of aerodynamic uncertainties for
Space Shuttle AIAA Pap. 1973. 737.
49.Mason E.A., Saxena S.C. Approximate formula for the thermal conductivity
Phys. Fluids. 1958. V.1. 5. P. 361-368.
50.Michalewicz Z. Genetic algorithms + data structures = evolution programs. N. Y.
: Springer-Verlag, 1992.
51.Miner E.W. and Lewis C.H. Hypersonic Ionizing Air Viscous Shock-Layers over
Nonanalytic Blunt Bodies. -NASA-CR, 2550, 1975.
52.Quagliarella D., Periaux J., Poloni C., Winter G. Genetic Algorithms and Evolution
Strategies in Engineering and Computer Science N. Y. : Wiley, 1998.
53.Reeves .R. Modern Heuristic Techniques for Combinatorial Problems (New
York: Wiley), 1993.
54.Rudolph G., Evolutionary search under partially ordered sets, Dept. Comput.
Sci./LS11, Univ. Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany, Tech. Rep. CI-67/99, 1999.
55.Schwefel H-P Evolution and Optimum Seeking (New York: Wiley), 1995.
56.Seoui M., Periaux J., Ganascia J.-G. Fast convergence thanks to diversity
Proc. of the 5th Annu. conf. on evolutionary programming. Cambridge : MIT
Press, 1996.
57.Srinivas N. and K. Deb, Multiobjective function optimization using
nondominated sorting genetic algorithms, Evol. Comput., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 221
248, Fall 1995.

66

58.Wilke C.R. A viscosity equation gas mixtures J. Chem. Phys., 1959. T.18.
4. P.517-519.
59.Wright A. Genetic algorithms for real parameter optimization Foundations of
Genetic Algorithms, V. 1, 1991. P. 205-218.
60.Zitzler E. and L. Thiele, Multiobjective optimization using evolutionary
algorithmsA comparative case study, in Parallel Problem Solving From Nature,
V, A. E. Eiben, T. Back, M. Schoenauer, and H.-P. Schwefel, Eds. Berlin,
Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 292301.
61.Zitzler E., K. Deb, and L. Thiele, Comparison of multiobjective evolutionary
algorithms: Empirical results, Evol. Comput., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 173195, Summer
2000.

67