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Presented by:Prachitara
Prachitara Satapathy
Satapathy
Dept.
Dept. of
of Electrical
Electrical Engg
Engg.
Outline
Introduction
Proposed PV system
PV array modeling & characteristics
Proposed techniques
Computationally efficient FLANN (CEFLANN)
Trigonometric FLANN (TFLANN)
Result analysis
Conclusion and future work
References
Introduction
PV systems are most preferred because:
MPP
MPP
MPPT
A technique used to get the maximum possible power from solar
panels.
Maximum power point tracker (MPPT) tracks the MPP &
Proposed PV system
Solar Irradiance
Temperature
PV array
Boost
converter
VPV
Duty
cycle
MPPT
controller
(NN)
Vmpp
or Vref
Control
unit
P
ID
I ph
RJ
Ish
Rsh
+
VPV
Contd.
Applying Kirchhoffs law to the node P we get
I pv = I ph - I sh - I D
The mathematical model of PV array is represented by the
equation:
q V pv I pv Rs
I pv N p I ph N p I rs exp
Ns
kTA
N s N p V pv I pv RS
Rsh
(1)
(2)
Contd.
Values
40W
17.4V
2.3A
2.3A
21.9V
0.0017
circuit (ki)
Cell reverse saturation current (Irr)
1.2*10-7A
36
Contd.
Ip v (A m p )
100
MPP
500 W/m2
MPP
50
0
0
MPP
300 W/m2
50
100
P p v (W a tt)
Vpv (Volt)
(a
)
P-V characteristics
of PV array
10000
MPP
1000 W/m2
MPP
500 W/m2
5000
MPP
0
0
300 W/m2
50
100
Vpv (Volt)
(b)
Proposed Techniques
Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (FLANN) is used
to track MPP.
Because it is
Very efficient
Nature to find the non-linearity
Has two basic components:
Functional expansion component or block (FEB)
Learning component.
FEB expands the input space to higher dimensional space.
FEB produces nonlinearity through non-linear functions .
Contd.
Contd.
The output of FEB is described by the
equation:
s
FEBi tanh(ai 0
i p, j n
i 1, j 1
Ai j X j )
(3)
Contd.
After the expansion the output is calculated by
M
y {W s ( k ) X s (k )}
s
(4)
k 1
Where,
X s [ X s ( k ), ........., X s ( M )]T ,
W [W ( k ), ........., W ( M )]
s
(5)
with order p as :
{ sin( *xi), cos( *xi), sin (2 *xi), cos(2 *xi),sin(p *xi),
cos(p *xi)}.
Contd.
The structure of the TFLANN is shown in Fig.6.
Contd.
The trigonometric expansion after the FEB is given below:
X 1, X irradiance, X X
s
1
s
2
s
4
s 2
2
X sin( pi X ), X cos( pi X ),
s
5
s
2
s
6
X 3s temperature, X 7s X
s
2
s 2
3
(6)
X sin( pi X ), X cos( pi X )
s
8
s
3
s
9
s
3
y {W s (k ) X s ( k )}
s
k=1, 2.M(M=9)
(7)
k 1
Where,
X s [ X s (k ), ........., X s ( M )]T ,
W [W (k ), ........., W ( M )]
s
(8)
edy
The cost function is :
1 2
E e (k )
2
(9)
(10)
Contd.
Differential Error: e d y
Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)=
(11)
( e ) / S
2
(12)
{ (| e | /d) }/ S 100
(13)
RESULT
RESULT ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
DATASET GENERATION
Generated in the MATLAB/SCRIPT environment
The reference voltage (Vmpp) for randomly taken irradiance and
Contd.
Case: 1 (CEFLANN)
magnitude(p.u)
target
predicted
0.5
0
720
740
760
780
No. of samples
800
Contd.
Case: 2 (TFLANN)
magnitude (p.u)
1
0.5
0
720
target
predicted
740
760
780
No. of samples
800
Contd.
Case: 3 Comparison of different errors between CEFLANN and
TRFLANN
magnitude(p.u)
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
0
CEFLANN
TFLANN
20
40
60
No. of samples
80
Contd.
magnitude (p.u)
x 10
-3
4
2
0
0
20
40
60
No. of samples
80
Contd.
magnitude (p.u)
0.2
0.1
0
0
20
40
60
No. of sample
80
Contd.
Network
structure
CEFLAN
2-6-1
N
TRFLAN 2-9-1
N
No. of
iteration
in
training
Executio
n time
(ms)
720
30.4
720
27.2
error
more
less
No. of
Weights
to be
updated
12
9
REFERENCES
S. Premrudeepreechacharn, and N. Patanapirom. "Solar-array modelling
and maximum power point tracking using neural networks.", Power Tech
Conference Proceedings, 2003 IEEE Bologna. Vol. 2. IEEE, 2003.
Dezso Sera, Tamas Kerekes, Remus Teodorescu and Frede Blaabjerg.
"Improved MPPT algorithms for rapidly changing environmental
conditions." Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2006.
EPE-PEMC 2006. 12th International, pp. 1614-1619. IEEE, 2006.
Fangrui Liu, Yong Kang, Yu Zhang and Shanxu Duan ,"Comparison of
P&O and hill climbing MPPT methods for grid-connected PV converter.",
Industrial Electronics and Applications, 2008. ICIEA 2008. 3rd IEEE
Conference on. IEEE, 2008.
Zhou Xuesong,Song Daichun,Ma Youjie, Cheng Deshu. "The simulation
and design for MPPT of PV system Based on Incremental Conductance
Method." information engineering (ICIE), WASE international conference
on 2010. Vol. 2, IEEE, 2010.
THANK YOU