Microwave Landing System

Operational Liaison Meeting Fly-By-Wire aircraft
2004
Microwave Landing System
Customer Services
Content
AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
MLS Ground Infrastrucure

MLS Benefits
MLS Implementation on SA
MLS Operations
Conclusion
Page 2
MLS Ground Infrastructure
4Frequency
domain: 5.030 to 5.150 GHz

4Same frequency used by both elevation and azimuth stations
4Scanning beam is used for angular deviation determination
4Data transmission at 15.6 kHz for runway ident, etc
4Associated DME
20 nmi
15
Threshold
scan
0.9
Field monitor
Runway
Centerline
-40
Elevation (EL)
scan
+40
Field monitor
A z im u th (A Z )
Page 3
MLS Benefits
ILS CAT 3
4Limitation:
40 channels
4Signal distortion by in-beam airplane and near buildings
(multi-path)
MLS CAT 3
4200
channels
4MLS is by design much less susceptible to airplanes,
buildings interferences,
Improved approach capacity: typically + 30% to 50% in

LVP
4Depending
on runways configuration
Page 4
MLS Benefits
ILS Beam
ILS
>8nm
Aircraft must be clear of beam

to prevent interference to next aircraft
MLS Beam
MLS
5nm
Aircraft does not effect beam
for following aircraft
Page 5
MLS Aircraft Implementation on SA

The MLS allows to take full benefit from the MMR concept
4The
main modification consists in developing a hardware

modification in the MMR
High similarity between the MLS architecture and the ILS

architecture
Thanks to the ILS look-alike principle, high commonality is

ensured with:
4The
current ILS architecture

4The future GLS CAT1 architecture
Page 6

MLS antennas for signal acquisition
4Close
to the ILS antennas
MLS function in the MMR

4Acquisition
and tracking
4Deviation computation relative to the reference path
Elevation, azimuth
4MLS
deviation outputs formatted like the ILS deviations
Equivalent raw data display

Identical flight guidance behavior
Page 7

MLS
GPS
Loc / Glide
MMR1
GPS MLS
MMR2
RMP
FG
FMS
FCU
ACP
DMC
FWC
FDIU
From the MMR to the peripherals: no additional wiring modification

Page 8
MLS Operations
Same interfaces & procedures ILS/GLS/MLS selection and
tuning
Automatic selection
4As
per F-PLN, automatic channel/frequency selection and

tuning
Manual selection
4Manual
selection via the MCDU pages
STBY NAV selection (back up mode selection)

4Through
the RMP as ultimate back-up
No selection of the approach azimuth

No selection of glide path
4Fixed
slope (as published)
Page 9
MLS Operations
ARRIVAL TO EGLL
{}
APPR
VIA
STAR
MLS09L
NONE
NONE
APPR
TRANS
<VIAS
NONE
SIDS
AVAILABLE
ILS09L
3500M
088
GLS09L
088
MLS09L
088
{ERASE
IAAA/110.70
3500M
GAAA/12345
3500M
MAAA/619
INSERT*
^|
same interface for all approach types
Page 10
MLS Operations
RADIO NAV
VOR1/FREQ
FREQ/VOR2
GAI/115.80
117.70/TOU
CRS
CRS
075
[ ]
ILS /FREQ
CHAN/ MLS
[ ]/[
.]
510/MTBN
CRS
SLOPE CRS
[ ]
3.0 324
ADF1/FREQ
FREQ/ADF2
[ ]/[
.] [
.]/[ ]
RADIO NAV
VOR1/FREQ
FREQ/VOR2
GAI/115.80
117.70/TOU
CRS
CRS
075
[ ]
ILS /FREQ
CHAN/ MLS
TBN/109.3
[ ]/[
]
CRS
SLOPE CRS
324
[ ]
ADF1/FREQ
FREQ/ADF2
[ ]/[
.] [
.]/[ ]
GLS>
MLS>
MLS tuning
ILS tuning
same interface
Page 11
MLS Operations
STBY NAV Selection
510
NAV
ILS
C - 324
MLS
GLS
ADF
same interface for all precision approach types

(Dedicated buttons)
Page 12
MLS Operations
FCU Interface
Minor modification
unchanged
Note: now basic in latest specifications
Page 13
MLS Operations
unchanged
CAT 3
SINGLE
DH 50
MTBN
510
4.5 NM
MLS 15R
MLS
Page 14
MLS Operations
6
MLS2 510
MLS 12 L
3
5
MABC
4 and 4bis
Page 15
MLS Operations
MLS 12 L
LS2
XX
G/S
LOC
G
/
S
G
/
S
Left
LOC
LS
corner
LOC
deviation
Page 16
MLS Operations
4
4
4
4
Single chime
Master caution
Flag on PFD and ND
Triple Click
NAV MLS2 FAULT
1 MLS necessary to perform MLS

CAT-1 approaches
Single chime
Triple Click
MLS 2
MLS CAT 2
Page 17
Conclusion
Few airports are equipped for the time being

However LHR
May become necessary for high traffic
density CAT III operations
MLS takes full benefit of MMR architecture
ILS look-alike
Crew training minimum
Briefing notes or CBT
Page 18
This document and all information contained herein is the sole

property of AIRBUS S.A.S. No intellectual property rights are
granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of
its content. This document shall not be reproduced or
disclosed to a third party without the express written consent
of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and its content shall not be
used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied.
The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They

are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed
in good faith. Where the supporting grounds for these
statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to
explain the basis thereof.
AN EADS JOINT COMPANY

WITH BAE SYSTEMS
Page 19
MLS, Additional Information

MLS typical ground infrastructure
4Azimuth
station
4Elevation station
Signal-in-Space
4 Frequency domain: 5.030 to 5.150 GHz
4200 channels
41 same frequency used by both elevation and azimuth stations
Signal is multiplexed in time and synchronised between stations
4Time varying synchronisation to protect against jamming/spoofing
4Scanning beam is used for angular deviation determination
4Data transmission at 15.6 kHz for runway ident, etc
MLS typical coverage
4Azimuth: +/- 40
4Elevation: 0.9 to 15
4Up to 20 NM and 20000ft
Page 20
MLS, ECAM Cautions

E/WD : FAILURE TITLE
MLS 1 (2 or 1+2) FAULT
AURAL
WARNING
MASTER
LIGHT
SD PAGE
CALLED
LOCAL
WARNING
SINGLE
CHIME
MASTER
CAUT
NIL
FLAG on
PFD and
ND
FLT
PHASE
INHIB
3,4,5
NAV MLS 1 (2 or 1+2) FAULT

Crew awareness
Case 1 : One MLS FAULT
STATUS
INOP SYS
MLS 1 (2)
MLS CAT 2
GPWS (if MLS mode active
and MLS 1 fault)
Case 2 : Both MLS FAULT

INOP SYS
MLS 1+2
GPWS (if MLS mode active)
Page 21
MLS, ECAM Cautions

E/WD : FAILURE TITLE
LS 1 (2 or 1+2) FAULT
AURAL
WARNING
MASTER
LIGHT
SD PAGE
CALLED
LOCAL
WARNING
SINGLE
CHIME
MASTER
CAUT
NIL
FLAG on
PFD and
ND
FLT
PHASE
INHIB
3,4,5
NAV LS 1 (2) FAULT

Crew awareness
Case 1 : Loss of all functions on one side
STATUS
INOP SYS
LS 1 (2)
CAT 2
GPWS (if all functions on
side 1 are lost)
Case 2 : Loss of all functions on two sides

INOP SYS
LS 1+2
GPWS
Page 22

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Operational Liaison Meeting Fly-By-Wire aircraft