LEARNING TASK NO.

2
LIQUIDS, SOLIDS, SOLUTIONS
NAME: ______________________________
SECTION: _______________________
I.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1 Which of the following does not correctly describe viscosity?
A) Viscosity can be measured with a
D) The greater the ability of a liquid to
viscometer.
hydrogen bond, the higher the viscosity.
B) The smaller the molecule, the higher the E) All of these correctly describe viscosity.
viscosity.
C) Viscosity is the resistance to flow of a liquid.
2 At 25C, 100 g of water will be saturated with 35.7 g of NaCl. Which word below describes the solution of 1.55
mol of NaCl dissolved in 250 mL of water?
A) saturated
D) unsaturated
B) metasaturated
E) none of these apply
C) supersaturated
3 Which of the following terms is not generally used in describing the dissolution of solids and gases in liquids?
A) miscibility
C) saturation
B) molality
D) % solute by mass
4 As we increase the temperature of a liquid, its properties change. Which of the following would not be an expected
change in the properties of a typical liquid as we increase its temperature?
A) increase in surface tension
C) increase in vapor pressure
B) decrease in density
D) increase in tendency to evaporate
5 Which of the following substances will have the strongest intermolecular forces?
A) H2S
C) CH3NH2
B) NO
D) Rn
6 For which of the following would hydrogen bonding not be an important factor in determining physical properties
in the liquid state?
A) NH3
C) HBr
B) HF
D) H2O2
7 Which liquid would have the highest viscosity at room temperature?
A) C7H14
C) C8H17NH2
B) C9H18
D) CH3NH2
8 Which response correctly identifies all the interactions that might affect the properties of BF 3?
A) permanent dipole force, dispersion force C) dispersion force
B) dispersion force, ion-ion interaction
D) permanent dipole force
9 Car wax works to repel water because ____.
A) the water adheres well with the wax.
D) of capillary action present.
B) the cohesive forces in water are very low. E) none of these.
C) wax exerts a very low adhesive force for water.
10 The boiling points of the halogens increase in the order F 2 < Cl2 < Br2 < I2 due to the resulting increasing ____
interactions.
A) ion-ion
C) permanent dipole-dipole
B) hydrogen-bonding
D) dispersion forces
11 Select the most appropriate explanation of the following observation on solubility: "Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is
very soluble in water."
A) Opposites attract, that is, polar solutes
C) Relatively light molecules are generally
dissolve in non-polar solvents and vicemore soluble in water than heavier
versa.
molecules.
B) Water promotes the dissociation of many D) Water is a polar solvent, and it promotes
ionic solids.
the ionization of many polar molecules.
12 Amorphous solids are characterized by all the following statements except:
A) Amorphous solids shatter irregularly.
C) Some amorphous solids are able to flow,
like liquids.
B) Amorphous solids do not exhibit sharp
D) The intermolecular forces between their

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melting points.
particles are constant throughout the solid.
The most stable situation for liquid surface molecules is one in which the surface area is minimal. For a given
volume, what shape has the least possible surface area?
A) parabolic
D) elliptical
B) spherical
E) none of these
C) cubic
Identify which property liquids do not have in common with solids.
A) rigid shape
C) volumes do not change significantly with
pressure
B) volumes do not change significantly with D) practically incompressible
temperature
The melting point of a solid is the same as the ____ of its liquid.
A) triple point
C) boiling point
B) freezing point
D) critical point
Which of the following interactions are the strongest?
A) London force
C) dispersion force
B) ion-ion interactions
D) hydrogen bonding force
For which of the following would permanent dipole-dipole interactions play an important role in determining
physical properties in the liquid state?
A) CCl4
C) F2
B) BF3
D) ClF
A sketch of the phase diagram (not to scale) of water is given below.

Which statement concerning the path (broken line) is false?

A) Another way to vaporize all of the liquid C) At point E the water is all solid (ice).
water at point F is to increase the pressure.
B) Once all the ice has melted (at the
D) If heat is added to the ice at point E, the
intersection of the broken line and line
temperature of the ice increases until line
AB) the temperature of the water increases
AB is reached, then the temperature
as heat is added until point F is reached.
remains constant until all of the ice is
melted into liquid.
19 Which one of the following boils at the lowest temperature?
A) Kr
C) KNO3
B) XeF4
D) AsH3
20 Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation determine the vapor pressure of water at 50.0C. The molar heat of
vaporization of water is 40.7 kJ/mol.

A) 450 torr
B) 700 torr

II.

Solve the following problems:

A. Concentration of Solutions:

C) 100 torr
D) 55 torr

2. 1. What mass of dextrose, C6H12O6 is dissolved in 325 mL of 0.258 M solution?

3. 2. The mole fraction of calcium chloride in an aqueous solution is 0.0724. What is the percent mass of
CaCl2 in the solution
4. 3. A solution of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, contains 53.0 g of solute in 215 mL of solution. What is its
molarity?
4. Concentrated nitric acid is 70.4% HNO3 by mass and has a density of 1.42 g/mL. What is the molarity
of concentrated nitric acid?
B. Colligative Properties:
1. The vapor pressure of water at 20C is 17.5 mmHg. What is the vapor pressure of water over a solution
prepared from 2.00x102 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) and 3.50 102 g water? (Ans: 17 mm Hg)
2. What is the freezing point of an aqueous solution of a nonvolatile solute that has a boiling point of
102.5C? For water Kf = 1.86C/m and Kb = 0.52C/m. (Ans: -8.94oC)
3. The average osmotic pressure of seawater is about 30.0 atm at 25 oC. Calculate the molar concentration of
an aqueous solution of urea (NH2CONH2) that is isotonic with sea water.
4. A solution that contains 55.0 g of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) in 250. g of water freezes at 2.34C.
Calculate the molar mass (in units of g/mol) of the solute. K f of water is 1.86C/m. (Ans: 175)
C. Solution Stoichiometry
1. 34.62 mL of 0.1510 M NaOH was needed to neutralize 50.0 mL of an H2SO4 solution. What is the
concentration of the original sulfuric acid solution? (Ans.: 0.0523M)
2. During a titration the following data were collected. A 50.0 mL portion of an HCl solution was titrated
with 0.500 M NaOH; 200. mL of the base was required to neutralize the sample. How many grams
of HCl are present in 500. mL of this acid solution?
Ans: 36.5 g