OIL AND ITS USES

An everyday energy source and how it effects us

by Fizza Khurram

FOSSIL FUELS
Fossil fuels are natural fuels formed over the
period of thousands of years by the remains of
living organisms
Energy form fossil fuel is formed when fuel is
burned causing oxygen to turn into carbon
dioxide and hydrogen to turn into hydrogen oxide
in which energy is released
Fossil fuels are commonly used in our life
especially in the transportation field
Fossil fuels fall under the non renewable category
as this source of energy will soon run out

TWO MAJOR TYPES OF OILS

( LIGHT/ MEDIUM FUEL OILS )
Light oils consist of Jet fuel, Gasoline , Petroleum
Spirit and such
Medium oils consist of fuel oils, Diesel fuel ,light
crude oil and Gas oils as well as most domestic
fuels
Light oils are highly volatile and they evaporate
within in a few days but there toxicity level is low
due to quick diffusion
medium oils are messier and more complex as
they have low volatility and higher toxicity levels

TWO MAJOR TYPES OF OILS (HEAVY

FUEL OILS )
Heavy fuel oils consist of grade 4, 5, and 6 fuel
oils and other heavy crude oils such as heavy
marine fuels
These oils are very slow and and having really
low volatility which means little evaporation and
therefore toxicity is highly increased.
The heavy duty premium oils are of high cost and
usually found in a deeper level of soil increasing
its production cost

OIL REFINING AND PRODUCTION

Crude oil or any type of oil at that matter is usually
refined through fractional distillation where the
impurities are removed and products are combined
for refining
Crude oil in is raw state contains, carbon hydrogen,
sulfur, nitrogen ,oxygen , metals, salts and other
substances
Crude oil contains 100s of different types of oils all
mixed in one and its through fractional distillation
different oils are separated
Newer techniques use chemical processing in which
conversions are done e.g. refining diesel fuel into
gasoline depending on the demand for gasoline.

OIL PRODUCTION CONSUMPTION IN

OTHER COUNTRIES

OVER VIEW
OIL IS A HIGHLY CONSUMED PRODUCT BUT
UNFORTUNATELY ITS A NON RENEWABLE
SOURCE OF ENERGY AND ONE DAY IT WILL
RUN OUT