Tatad vs.

Garcia Case Digest

Tatad vs. Garcia
241 SCRA 334, GR. No. 114222. April 6, 1995
Facts: DOTC planned to construct a light railway transit line along Edsa. EDSA LRT Corporation,
Ltd., a foreign corporation was awarded the contract to build, lease and transfer the said light
railway.
The said award was questioned by the petitioners on the basis that a foreign corporation cannot own
the EDSA LRT III, a public utility as it violates the Constitution.
Issue: Whether or not an owner and lessor of the facilities used by a public utility constitute a public
utility?
Held: EDSA LRT Corporation, Ltd. Is admittedly a foreign corporation duly incorporated and existing
under the laws of Hong Kong. However, there is no dispute that once the EDSA LRT III is
constructed, the private respondent, as lessor, will turn it over to DOTC as lessee, for the latter to
operate the system and pay rentals for the said use.
What private respondent owns are the rail tracks, rolling stocks, rail stations, terminals and the
power plant, not a public utility. While a franchise is needed to operate these facilities to serve the
public, they do not themselves constitute a public utility. What constitutes a public utility in not their
ownership but their use to serve the public.
The Constitution, in no uncertain terms, requires a franchise for the operation of a public utility.
However, it does not require a franchise before one can own the facilities needed to operate a public
utility so long as it does not operate them to serve the public. In law, there is a clear distinction
between the operation of a public utility and the ownership of the facilities and the equipment used
to serve the public.