EDU555 CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

WEEK 1

Curriculum & Instruction

Curriculum
0 Curriculum is commonly defined as a plan of study
0 For example:

KSSR or Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah is a plan of

study for Malaysian Primary school for a period of 6 years.
KBSM or Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah is a
plan of study for Malaysian Secondary school for a period
of 5 years

0 B. Sc. Ed. (Honours) Chemistry/Physics/ Biology

0 The curriculum was plan for a period of 4 years of study in
order to obtain the first degree.

Instruction
0 Refers to the process of giving instruction in a classroom

through the process of teaching and learning.

0 Instruction thus, is the process of implementing the

curriculum through the process of teaching and learning by

using various approaches, methods and technique.
0 According to Saylor (1981), instruction is the actual

engagements of learners with planned learning.

0 As such, curriculum is often associated with instruction.

Definition of Curriculum
0 Curriculum has been defined differently by different

people according to the purposes and functions.

0 The following are some definitions of curriculum:

Definition of Curriculum
0 a course of study Dressel
0 a plan for providing sets of learning opportunities
for persons to be educated - J. Galen Saylor et al,
1981

0 An organized set of formal education and/or

training intentions- David Pratt
0 a plan of learning Taba, 1962

Definition of Curriculum
0 Jon Wiles and Joseph Bondi view curriculum as a

four-step plan involving

purposesdesignimplementation assessment.

0 a total instructional program composed of syllabus

or individual course programs - Bowen

Definition of Curriculum
0 A general over-all plan of the content or specific

materials of instruction that the school should offer

the student by way of qualifying him for graduation or
certification for entrance into a professional or
vocational field - Good

Definition of Curriculum
0 Ministry of Education, Malaysia according to Akta

Pendidikan 1996

Satu program pendidikan yang termasuk

kurikulum dan kegiatan ko-kurikulum yang
merangkumi semua pengetahuan, kemahiran,
norma, nilai, unsur kebudayaan, dan
kepercayaan untuk membantu perkembangan
seseorang murid dengan sepenuhnya dari segi
rohani, jasmani, mental dan emosi serta untuk
menyampaikan pengetahuan.

Definition of Curriculum
0 The word Curriculum originates from the Latin

word currere which means a race course

0 As such, the most common definition of curriculum is

a course of study or a plan of study

Definition of Curriculum
0

Based on the various definitions given, a

curriculum consists of:

A plan which is documented

Consisting of a set of objectives
A list of contents and learning experiences
Suggested method of teaching or instruction
A process of evaluation or assessment methods

Curriculum and Instruction

0 The word curriculum is often associated with instruction,

where:

0 Curriculum refers to the plan or document.

0 Instruction refers to the methods of presenting or

implementing the curriculum content or plan.

For the purpose of instruction, curriculum can be further sub-divided as follows:

CURRICULUM

SYLLABUS

A plan of study consisting of one or more course(s) or

subject(s)

A plan for a particular course or subject

SCHEME
OF
WORK

A detailed outline of the syllabus, divided into weeks,

sessions, or hours etc.

LESSON
PLAN

A plan for a particular lesson or instruction

Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian Schools

CURRICULUM

SYLLABUS

Plan of studies (KSSR, KBSM)

Based on National Education Philosophy (NEP)
Developed by Curriculum Development Division (CDD)

Documented for the various subjects

Supported with Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran (HSP)
Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for
teaching and learning

SCHEME
OF
WORK

Planned according to school year and organized by

weeks

LESSON
PLAN

Planned by teachers for each lesson by referring to the

Scheme of Work

Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian IHL

CURRICULUM

SYLLABUS

Planned by the respective institution

Based on the Philosophy, Vision and Mission

Documented for the various subjects or course

Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for
teaching and learning

SCHEME
OF
WORK

Planned according to semester and organized by weeks

14 weeks for each semester

LESSON
PLAN

Planned by lecturers for each lesson by referring to the

Scheme of Work

EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIAN

SCHOOLS
MINISTRY
OF EDUCATION

Centralized, top-down system

Standardized curriculum prepared by CDD

JPN

PENGARAH PENDIDIKAN NEGERI

Primary School
Secondary School

PPD

PEGAWAI PENDIDIKAN DAERAH

Primary School
Secondary School

SCHOOL

PENGETUA, GURU BESAR, GURU PENOLONG

KANAN, KETUA PANITIA

Important Departments at MoE

0 BPG Bahagian Pendidikan Guru or Teacher Education Division.
0

0
0

0
0

Responsible for the training of school teachers.

BSS Bahagian Sekolah-sekolah or Schools Division. Responsible
for the placement of teachers in schools and related services.
LPM Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia or Malaysian Examination
Syndicate. Responsible for centralized examination.
UTP Unit Teknologi Pendidikan or Educational Technology
Division. Resource center for educational technology services.
BBT Biro Buku Teks or Textbook Bureau. Responsible for
School Textbooks. (SPBT Skim Pinjaman Buku Teks)
BPPDP Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar
Pendidikan or Educational Planning and Research Division
(EPRD)

Important Aspect in
Curriculum
0 CURRICULUM
0 A plan of study
0 Documented
0 Academic in nature

0 HIDDEN CURRICULUM
0 Moral values
0 Informal learning inside and outside the classroom

0 Unwritten/implicit

0 CO-CURRICULUM
0 Activities outside the classroom to support the

curriculum
0 Compulsory
0 Sports and games, uniform bodies, and association
0 Personal/individual development
0 EXTRA-CURRICULA ACTIVITIES/EXTRA CO-

CURRICULUM
0 Activities outside the classroom
0 Not compulsory

Moral Value
Kindness

Self-reliance

Integrity

Respect

Love

Justice

Freedom

Courage

Mental &
Physical
Cleanliness

Honesty

Diligence

Cooperation

Moderation

Gratitude

Rationality

Public
Spiritedness

Patriotism

ASPECTS TAUGHT ACROSS THE CURRICULUM

Drugs Prevention Education
Family Health Education

Bahasa Melayu
Moral Values Education
Integration of Science Elements
Science and Technology
Environmental Studies
Critical and Creative Thinking Skills
Parental Education

Road Safety Education

Futures Studies
Consumerism Education

Study Skills
ICT

THANK YOU