A a¨vq

cÖ
_gAa¨vq
5
KvR, ¶gZvI kw
³ ✍
GK bR‡i cÖkœvewj
Abykxjbxi msw¶ßÑDËi cÖkœ cÖkœ : 11| IqvU Kv‡K e‡j?
cÖkœ : 1| KvR KLb nq? A_ev, IqvU wK‡mi GKK? Gi cwigvc KZ?
cÖkœ : 2| Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI| cÖkœ : 12| 60 w-Gi ˆe`y¨wZK evj&e
(P. †ev. 2004; Õ99; h.†ev. 2002) Gi A_© wK? (P.†ev. 2006)
cÖkœ : 3| Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ei Ki| (iv. †ev. A_ev, GKwU ˆe`y¨wZK evj&e Gi ¶gZv
2001) 60w| Gi Øviv wK eySvq?
cÖkœ : 4| Ryj Kv‡K e‡j? cÖkœ : 13| kw³ Kv‡K e‡j?
A_ev, msÁv `vI Ryj| (P.†ev. Õ99; h.†ev. 2002)
A_ev, Ry‡ji msÁv I cwigvc `vI| A_ev, kw³i gvÎv mgxKiY wjL? kw³i GKK
wK?
cÖkœ : 5| 50J KvR ej‡Z wK eySvq|
(Xv. †ev. Õ99; iv.†ev. 2002; P.†ev. A_ev, wUKv †jL : kw³
2005) cÖkœ : 14| kw³i gvÎv I GKK D‡jL Ki|
cÖkœ : 6| e‡ji Øviv KvR ev (abvÍK (iv.†ev. 2006)
KvR) ej‡Z wK eySvq? cÖkœ : 15| wK‡jvIqvU NÈv wK‡mi GKK?
(h. †ev. Õ99; wm.†ev. wK‡jvIqvU NÈv Kv‡K e‡j? (P.†ev.
2005) 2006; Kz.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. 2002;
Xv.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, abvÍK Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI I e¨vL¨v Ki|
cÖkœ : 16| kw³i KqwU iƒc Av‡Q? wK wK?
cÖkœ : 7| e‡ji wei“‡× KvR (FYvÍK
KvR) ej‡Z wK eySvq? cÖkœ : 17| wefekw³i msÁv `vI| (P.†ev.
(h.†ev. Õ99; Xv.†ev. 2003; wm.†ev. 2005) 2002; Kz.†ev. 2000; wm.†ev.
2001; iv.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, KvR wK FYvÍK n‡Z cv‡i? ¯^c‡¶
hyw³ †`LvI| A_ev, Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI| A_ev, UxKv †jL : wefekw³|
cÖkœ : 8| ¶gZv Kv‡K e‡j? ¶gZvi GKK cÖkœ : 18| AwfKl©R wefekw³ ej‡Z wK
wK? (P. †ev. 2006; Õ99; h.†ev. eyS?
2002) (Xv.†ev. 2006; Kz. †ev. 2006;
A_ev, ¶gZvi gvÎv wnmve Ki| A_ev, 2004; 2000)
wUKv †jL : ¶gZv| A_ev, wUKv †jLt AwfKl©R wefekw³|
cÖkœ : 9| GK e¨w³ Kzqv †_‡K wbw`©ó cÖkœ : 19| GKwU †Uwe‡ji mv‡c‡¶ †Kvb
cwigvY cvwb `yB NÈvq Zzj‡Z e¯‘i wefekw³ 25J ej‡Z wK eyS?
cv‡ib, Aci GK e¨w³i H cwigvY cÖkœ : 20| 1m DuPz †Uwej †_‡K 50 cm
cvwb Zzj‡Z wZb NÈv jv‡M| Kvi DuPz‡Z †Kvb e¯‘ Aew¯’Z n‡j
¶gZv †ewk? †Kb? †Uwe‡ji mv‡c‡¶ Ges N‡ii †g‡Si
cÖkœ : 10| ¶gZvi gvÎv wbY©q Ki| mv‡c‡¶ Gi wefekw³i †Kvb ZviZg¨
(Kz.†ev. 2004; 2002) n‡e wK?
A_ev, `LvI †h, ¶gZvi gvÎv mgxKiY ML2 T− cÖkœ : 21| MwZkw³i msÁv `vI| (ewi.†ev.
3
| 2006; 2005; P.†ev. 2006; iv. †ev.
108 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb
2003; Õ99; Kz.†ev. h.†ev. 2005)
A_ev, MwZkw³ ej‡Z wK eyS? D`vniY mn
e¨vL¨v Ki|
A_ev, UxKv wjL : MwZkw³
cÖkœ : 22| †Kvb e¯‘i MwZkw³ 500J ej‡Z
wK eyS?
cÖkœ : 23| †Kvb e¯‘i †eM Pvi¸Y n‡j Gi
MwZkw³ KZ¸Y n‡e?
cÖkœ : 24| wb‡æv³ †¶Î¸‡jv †Kvb& kw³
†Kvb& kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ n‡”Q?
cÖkœ : 25| kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ
wee„Z Ki| (wm.†ev. 2006; h.†ev.
2004; Kz.†ev. P.†ev. 2000 ;
Xv.†ev.Õ99 ; e. †ev. 2001; P.†ev.
2002)
cÖkœ : 26| GKwU e¯‘ AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e
gy³fv‡e co‡Q| Gi wefekw³ Kg‡e
wKš‘ †Kvb& kw³ evo‡e?
cÖkœ : 27| GKwU e¯‘ hLb Dci †_‡K
f‚wg‡Z c‡o ZLb Gi kw³ wK nq?
cÖkœ : 28| Rjwe`y¨r Kv‡K e‡j?
cÖkœ : 29| Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z wK eyS?
(Kz.†ev. 2005; Xv. †ev. 2006;
2001 , wm. †ev. 2001; iv.†ev.
2002; P.†ev. 2003; 99)
Abykxjbxi iPbvg ﾁ jK
cÖkœ : 1| KvR ej‡Z wK eyS e¨vL¨v Ki|
A_ev, Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI| Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ei Ki|
Kv‡Ri GKK wK?
cÖkœ : 2| e‡ji Øviv KvR Ges e‡ji wei“‡×
KvR e¨vL¨v Ki|
cÖkœ : 3| †`LvI †h, f‚-c„ô †_‡K h D”PZvq
m f‡ii e¯‘i wefe kw³ mgh .
A_ev, f‚Ñc„ô n‡Z wbw`©ó D”PZvq
wbw`©ó f‡ii wefekw³ wbY©q Ki|
cÖkœ : 4| †Kvb e¯‘i MwZkw³i Rb¨ GKwU
ivwkgvjv wbY©q Ki|
A_ev, GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘i kw³ mv2 cÖgvY
Ki|
(Kz.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, m f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ v †e‡M Pj‡Q|
MwZkxj _vKv Ae¯’vq e¯‘i kw³ mv2
cÖgvY Ki| (P.†ev. Õ99;h.†ev.
2002)
A_ev, †`LvI †h, m f‡ii e¯‘i †eM v n‡j, Gi
MwZkw³ mv2| (h.†ev. Õ99; Xv.†ev.
Õ99)
A_ev, †`LvI †h, MwZkw³ Ek = × fi × (†eM)2
cÖkœ : 5| †`LvI †h, m f‡ii e¯‘i †eM V n‡j
Gi MwZkw³ mv2. (ewi.†ev. 2006; P.
†ev. 2006; 2001)
cÖkœ : 6| cÖgvY Ki †h, wbw`©ó f‡ii
MwZkw³ Gi †e‡Mi e‡M©i
mgvbycvwZK| (iv.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, †`LvI †h Ek ∝ v2 †hLv‡b ms‡KZ¸‡jv
cÖPwjZ A_© enb K‡i| (Kz.†ev.
2005)
cÖkœ : 7| kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i ej‡Z wK eyS? kw³i
iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii K‡qKwU D`vniY `vI|
A_ev, UxKv †jL : kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i|
cÖkœ : 8| kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ wee„Z
I e¨vL¨v Ki|
(iv. †ev. 2000; P.†ev. 2000;
Kz.†ev. 2000)
A_ev, kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ e¨vL¨v Ki|
(P.†ev. 2002)
A_ev, UxKv †jLt kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ|
cÖkœ : 9| †`LvI †h AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e
gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i †¶‡Î wefekw³ I
MwZkw³i mgwó me©`v aª“e
_v‡K|
(Kz.†ev. 2006; 2000 ; h.†ev.
2004; iv.†ev. 2005; Xv. †ev. 2001;
2003; 2005; wm.†ev. 2003;
iv.†ev. 2005; P.†ev. 2004)
A_ev, †`LvI †h AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e
coš ﾏ e¯‘i †¶‡Î Ep + Ek = aª“e|
(Xv.†ev. 2001; ewi.†ev. 2005)
cÖkœ : 10| AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e
coš ﾏ e¯‘i †¶‡Î kw³i msi¶YkxjZv
bxwZwU cÖgvY Ki|
(wm.†ev. 2006; iv. †ev. 2000;
Kz.†ev. 2002; m.†ev. Õ98)
cÖkœ : 11| kw³ I ¶gZvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
wb‡`©k Ki|
A_ev, kw³i cuvPwU ˆewkó¨ †jL|
A_ev, ¶gZv ej‡Z wK eyS? ¶gvi cuvPwU
ˆewkó¨ †jL|
cÖkœ : 12| Rjwe`y¨r wKfv‡e Drcvw`Z nq
Ges G‡Z kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i wKfv‡e N‡U
e¨vL¨v Ki| (Kz.†ev. Õ99)
A_ev, ms‡¶‡c Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡bi c×wZ
eY©bv Ki|
cÖkœ : 13| Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z wK eyS?
D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v Ki|
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³
(Kz.†ev. 2005)
A_ev, wUKv †jL : Kg© `¶Zv|
AwZwi³ cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖkœ : 1| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K
gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i w¯’wZkw³ I
MwZkw³i †hvMdj mgh Gi mgvb
nq? (Kz.†ev. 2004)
cÖkœ : 2| †`LvI †h, W = FCosθ †hLv‡b
cÖZxK¸‡jv cÖPwjZ A‡_© e¨eüZ
nq| [ewi.†ev; iv.†ev. 2004]
cÖkœ : 3| †Kvb Mvwoi MwZkw³ 2×106 Ryj
ej‡Z wK eySvq? 1kwh †K Ry‡j
cÖKvk Ki| (Kz.†ev. 2004; wm.†ev.
2006)
cÖkœ : 4| Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z wK eyS?
†Kvb h‡ši Kg©`¶Zv 70% ej‡Z wK
eyS? (h.†ev. 2003)
cÖkœ : 5| Rj we`y¨r wK?
(P.†ev. 2003)
MvwYwZK D`vniYmg ﾁ n
D`v : 1| 500N ej cÖ‡qv‡M †Kvb e¯‘i e‡ji
w`‡K miY 50m n‡j K…Z Kv‡Ri
cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
D`v : 2| 70kg f‡ii GK e¨w³ 2000m DuPz
ce©‡Z Av‡ivnY Ki‡j wZwb KZ KvR
Ki‡eb? (g = 9.8 ms−2)
D`v : 3| 20N ej †Kvb wbw`©ó f‡ii e¯‘i Dci
wµqv Kivq e¯‘wU e‡ji w`‡Ki mv‡_
600 †KvY Drcbœ K‡i 5m ` ﾁ ‡ i m‡i
†Mj| Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
D`v : 4| 65 kg f‡ii GK e¨w³ cÖwZwU 25 cm
DuPz 20wU wmuwo 10 s G DV‡Z
cv‡ib| Zvi ¶gZv KZ? (g = 9. 8 ms−2).
D`v : 5| wb‡Pi wiRvf©vi †_‡K 30m DuPz
`vjv‡bi Qv‡` Aew¯’Z U¨vs‡K cvwb
†Zvjvi Rb¨ 2 kw Gi GKwU cv¤•
e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q| cv¤•wU 2
wgwbU Pvjv‡j KZ cvwb †Zvjv
hv‡e?
D`v : 6| 5 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘‡K f‚-c„ô †_‡K
30m D”PZvq Zzj‡j Gi wefekw³ KZ
109
n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2005)
−2
(g = 9.8 ms )
D`v : 7| 1000 kg f‡ii GKwU Mvwo NÈvq
36km †e‡M Pj‡j Gi MwZkw³ KZ
n‡e?
D`v : 8| 70 kg f‡ii GKRb †`Šowe‡`i
MwZkw³ 1260 J n‡j Zvi †eM KZ?
D`v : 9| GKwU evjK wkï‡`i UªvBmvB‡K‡j
emv Zvi †QvU †evb‡K 80 N
mg‡e‡M †Vj‡Q| †QvU †evb‡K 400J
MwZkw³ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡j Zv‡K KZ `ﾁ
i‡Z¡ †Vj‡Z n‡e?
D`v : 10| 1 kg f‡ii e¯‘‡K 20 m Dci †_‡K †Q‡o
†`Iqv n‡j f‚-c„ô‡K ¯•k© Kivi
c ﾁ e©g ﾁ û‡Z© Gi MwZkw³
wbY©q Ki| ( g = 9.8 ms−2 ) (h.†ev.
2006; Xv. †ev. Õ99; Kz.†ev. 2002;
ewi.†ev. 2005)
Abyiƒc : 20m Dci †_‡K 1.5 kg f‡ii e¯‘‡K †Q‡o
†`qv n‡j f‚-c„ô‡K ¯•k© Kivi wVK
cye© gyû‡Z© Gi MwZ kw³
wbY©q Ki| g = 4.8ms−2 (Xv.†ev.
2004)
D`v : 11| 20 kw ¶gZvi GKwU BwÄb 1
wgwb‡U 3000 kg cvwb 10 m Dc‡i
Zzj‡Z cv‡i| K) jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³ L)
jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv Ges M) Bwćbi
Kg©`¶Zv wbY©q Ki|
Abykxjbxi MvwYwZK mgm¨v
mgm¨v : 1| 200N ej cÖ‡qv‡M GKwU e¯‘‡K
e‡ji w`‡K 10m miv‡bv nj| Kv‡Ri
cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
mgm¨v : 2| 90m Mfxi Lwb †_‡K 50 kg
†jvnv Zzj‡Z KZ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e?
mgm¨v : 3| 10N ej †Kvb e¯‘i Dci wµqv
Kivq e¯‘wU e‡ji w`‡K 600 †Kvb
K‡i 6m ` ﾁ ‡ i m‡i †Mj| Kv‡Ri
cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
mgm¨v : 4| 40 kg f‡ii GKwU evjK 12 s-G
6m DuPz wmuwo AwZµg Ki‡j Zvi
¶gZv KZ? (ewi.†ev. 2001)
mgm¨v : 5| 35 kg f‡ii GKwU evjK 20 cm
DuPz 20wU †mvcvb 5 s-G DV‡Z
cv‡i †m KZ ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM Kij?
110 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb
(Kz.†ev. 2006; 2000; P.†ev.
2002)
mgm¨v : 6| †Kvb †µ‡bi mvnv‡h¨ 800 kg
B¯•vZ‡K 20 s-G 10 m DuPz‡Z
†Zvjv nj| †µbwU KZ ¶gZv
cÖ‡qvM Kij? (P.†ev. 2000)
mgm¨v : 7| f‚wg †_‡K 20 m DuPz Qv‡` BU
†Zvjvi Rb¨ 10 kw Gi GKwU BwÄb
e¨envi Kiv nj| 1 NÈvq BwÄbwU
wK cwigvY BU Qv‡` Zzj‡Z
cvi‡e?
mgm¨v : 8| 4.9 kw Gi GKwU BwÄb 1000
wjUvi cvwb 1 wgwb‡U `vjv‡bi
Qv‡` U¨vs‡K DVv‡Z cv‡i| Qv‡`i
D”PZv wbY©q Ki| (1 wjUvi
cvwbi fi 1 kg )
mgm¨v : 9| 200 gm f‡ii GKwU Avg f‚wg
†_‡K 7 m DuPz‡Z Sz‡j Av‡Q|
AvgwUi wefekw³ KZ?
Abyiƒc : cÖkœ : 300 gm f‡ii GKwU Avg f‚wg
†_‡K 9m DuPz‡Z Av‡Q AvgwUi
wefekw³ KZ? (h.†ev. 2004)
mgm¨v : 10|100 m †`Šo cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq
60 kg f‡ii GKRb †`Šowe` cÖ_g
nb| wZwb G‡Z mgq †bb 12.5 s|
†`Š‡oi mgq Zvi MwZkw³ KZ
wQj?
(Xv.†ev. 2005; 2000; h. †ev.
2000)
mgm¨v : 11| 4000 kg f‡ii GKwU UªvK 54
km h−1 †e‡M Pj‡Q| 1000 kg f‡ii
GKwU Mvwo KZ †e‡M Pj‡j Gi
MwZkw³ UªvKwUi MwZkw³i
mgvb n‡e?
(iv. †ev. 2000; ewi.†ev. 2002)
mgm¨v : 12| Bg‡bi fi 40 kg Avi Zgvi fi 30
kg. GKwU †`Šo cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq
Bgb 7 ms−1 Ges Zgv 8 ms−1 †e‡M
†`Šovq| †`Š‡oi mgq Kvi
MwZkw³ †ewk wQj?
mgm¨v : 13| 10 kw ¶gZvi GKwU BwÄb
1000 kg cvwbi 10 m D”PZvq 1
wgwb‡U Zzj‡Z cv‡i| K) jf¨
Kvh©Ki kw³ L) jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv
I M) Bwćbi Kg©`¶Zv †ei Ki|
(Xv.†ev. wm.†ev. 2002; h.†ev.
2005ewi.†ev. 2004)
AwZwi³ MvwYwZK mgm¨v
mgm¨v : 1| 40kg f‡ii GKwU evjK 20cm
DuPz 20wU †mvcvb 5s-G DV‡Z
cv‡i| †m G‡Z KZ ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM
Kij? [iv.†ev. 2004]
mgm¨v : 2| 0.4 × 10 kg f‡ii GKwU Mvwo 54
4
kmh−1 †e‡M Pj‡Q| 103kg f‡ii GKwU
evm KZ †e‡M Pj‡j Gi MwZkw³
Mvwoi MwZkw³i mgvb n‡e?
(iv.†ev. 2006)
mgm¨v : 3| 60 kg f‡ii GKRb evjK 25 †m‡KÛ
200m †`Šovq| †`Š‡oi mgq Zvi
MwZkw³ KZ wQj ?
(Pt †evt Õ99)
mgm¨v : 4| 2kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘‡K 40m Dci
†_‡K †Q‡o †`Iqv n‡j f‚-c„‡ô ¯•k©
Kivi wVK c ﾁ e© g ﾁ ny‡Z© Gi
MwZkw³ wbY©q Ki| (g = 9.8ms−2)
(ewi.†ev. 2005; Xv. †ev. Õ99)
mgm¨v : 5| 100 kg f‡ii GKwU Mvwo NÈvq
72 km †e‡M Pj‡Z _vK‡j Gi MwZ
kw³ KZ n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2003)
mgm¨v : 6| 15 g f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU 300 ms−1
†e‡M GK UzK‡iv Kv‡V 3 cm
cÖ‡ek K‡i †_‡g †Mj|
evav`vbKvix e‡ji gvb wbY©q
Ki|
(Kz.†ev. 2006; iv.†ev.
2003)
110 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

Abykxjbxi
msw¶ßÑDËi
cÖ‡kœvËi

cÖkœ : 1| KvR KLb nq?

DËi : KvR : ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b †Kvb wKQy Kiv‡K KvR ej‡jI c`v_© weÁv‡b
KvR ej‡Z ej I miY msµvš ﾏ GKwU we‡kl Ae¯’v‡K eySvq| †Kvb e¯‘i Dci ej
cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j hw` e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi wKQy miY N‡U Zvn‡jB †Kej KvR nq|
A_©vr KvR ej‡Z ej I e‡ji wµqvi Awfgy‡L cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi mi‡Yi ¸Ydj‡K
†evSvq|
Avevi cÖhy³ ej hZB †nvK bv †Kb, e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi †Kvb miY bv n‡j
†Kvb KvRB Kiv n‡e bv|
D`vniY : GK e¨w³ fvix cv_i LʇK miv‡bvi Rb¨ ej cÖ‡qvM K‡i cwikÖvš ﾏ
nIqv m‡Ë¡I miv‡Z bv cv‡i Z‡e H e¨w³ †Kvb KvR K‡i‡Q Zv ejv hv‡e bv|
Avevi wØZxq †Kvb e¨w³ hw` cv_i LÊwU‡K miv‡Z cv‡i Z‡e wØZxq e¨w³
KvR K‡i‡Q ejv hv‡e|
cÖkœ : 2| Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI| (P. †ev. 2004; Õ99; h.†ev. 2002)
DËi : KvR (Work) :
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci ej cÖ‡qv‡M hw` e¯‘wUi miY N‡U, Zvn‡j ej Ges e‡ji
w`‡K e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi mi‡Yi Dcvs‡ki ¸Ydj‡K KvR e‡j|
A_©vr, KvR = e‡ji gvb × e‡ji Awfgy‡L cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi miY ev mi‡Yi
Dcvsk|
e¨vL¨v : hw` †Kvb e¯‘‡Z F ej Øviv
F→
e‡ji Awfgy‡L s cwigvY miY nq Z‡e • •
K…Z KvR, W = F × S. S

GKK : Kv‡Ri Avš ﾏ R©vwZK GKK

Ryj (J)|
ivwk : Kv‡Ri †Kvb w`K †bB| myZivs KvR GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|
cÖkœ : 3| Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ei Ki| (iv. †ev. 2001)
A_ev, †`LvI †h, Kv‡Ri gvÎv [ML2 T−2]
DËi : KvR : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci ej cÖ‡qv‡M hw` e¯‘wUi miY N‡U, Zvn‡j ej
Ges e‡ji w`‡K e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi mi‡Yi Dcvs‡ki ¸Ydj‡K KvR e‡j| A_©vr,
KvR = ej × miY|
Kv‡Ri gvÎv : Kv‡Ri gvÎv nj, ej × miY Gi gvÎv
KvR = ej × miY
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 111

= fi × Z¡iY × miY
= fi × × miY
= fi ×
∴ [ W] = GLv‡b,
−2
= [ ML2 T ] M = f‡ii gvÎv
L = mi‡Yi gvÎv
T = mg‡qi gvÎv
cÖkœ : 4| Ryj Kv‡K e‡j?
A_ev, msÁv `vI Ryj|
A_ev, Ry‡ji msÁv I cwigvc `vI|
DËi : Ryj : Ryj nj Kv‡Ri GKK| G‡K J Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci GK wbDUb (N) ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j hw` e‡ji w`‡K e‡ji
cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi GK wgUvi (1m) miY nq, Z‡e m¤•bœ Kv‡Ri cwigvY‡K GK
Ryj (J) e‡j|
∴ 1 J = 1N × 1m.
1 J = 1Nm.

cÖkœ : 5| 50J KvR ej‡Z wK eySvq|

(Xv. †ev. Õ99; iv.†ev. 2002; P.†ev. 2005)
DËi : Avgiv Rvwb, KvR = ej × e‡ji Awfgy‡L cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi miY ev mi‡Yi
Dcvsk| Kv‡RB 50J KvR ej‡Z eySvq 1N ej cÖ‡qv‡M e‡ji w`‡K e‡ji cÖ‡qvM
we›`y‡K 50m miv‡Z †h KvR nq Zv|
∴ 50 J = 1N × 50 m = 50 Nm.
Ab¨fv‡e, 50 N ej cÖ‡qv‡M e‡ji w`‡K e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`y‡K 1m miv‡Z †h KvR
nq Zv‡KI 50 Ryj KvR e‡j|
∴ 50 J = 50N × 1m = 50 Nm.
cÖkœ : 6| e‡ji Øviv KvR ev (abvÍK KvR) ej‡Z wK eySvq? (h.
†ev. Õ99; wm.†ev. 2005)
A_ev, abvÍK Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI I e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : e‡ji Øviv KvR / abvÍK KvR :
msÁv : hw` ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`y e‡ji w`‡K m‡i hvq ev e‡ji
w`‡K mi‡Yi Dcvsk _v‡K Zvn‡j †mB KvR‡K e‡ji Øviv KvR ev abvÍK KvR e‡j|
D`vniY : GKwU Wv÷vi
†Uwe‡ji Dci †_‡K gvwU‡Z †d‡j
w`‡j Wv÷viwU AwfKl© e‡ji
w`‡K wb‡P co‡e| G‡¶‡Î
AwfKl© e‡ji Øviv KvR Kiv
n‡q‡Q ev AwfKl© e‡ji Rb¨
abvÍK KvR n‡q‡Q eySvq|
cÖkœ : 7| e‡ji wei“‡× KvR (FYvÍK KvR) ej‡Z wK eySvq? (h.†ev. Õ99;
112 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

Xv.†ev. 2003; wm.†ev. 2005)

A_ev, KvR wK FYvÍK n‡Z cv‡i? ¯^c‡¶ hyw³ †`LvI| A_ev, Kv‡Ri
msÁv `vI|
DËi : e‡ji wei“‡× KvR ev FYvÍK KvR :
msÁv : hw` ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`y e‡ji wecixZ w`‡K m‡i
hvq ev e‡ji wecixZ w`‡K mi‡Yi Dcvsk _v‡K Zvn‡j †mB KvR‡K e‡ji wei“‡×
KvR ev FYvÍK KvR e‡j|
D`vniY : GKwU Wv÷vi hw`
†g‡S †_‡K †Uwe‡ji Dci DVv‡bv
nq Zvn‡j AwfKl© e‡ji wei“‡×
KvR Kiv n‡e ev AwfKl© e‡ji Rb¨
FYvÍK KvR n‡e| †Kbbv, GB †¶‡Î
AwfKl© ej †h w`‡K wµqv K‡i,
miY Zvi wecixZ w`‡K nq|
cÖkœ : 8| ¶gZv Kv‡K e‡j? ¶gZvi GKK wK? (P. †ev. 2006; Õ99; h.†ev.
2002)
A_ev, ¶gZvi gvÎv wnmve Ki| A_ev, wUKv †jL : ¶gZv|
DËi : ¶gZv (Power) : KvR Kivi nvi‡K A_©vr GKK mg‡q †Kvb Drm Øviv
m¤•vw`Z Kv‡Ri cwigvY‡K ¶gZv e‡j| ¶gZv‡K P Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
e¨vL¨v : g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ t mg‡q w cwigvY KvR m¤•v`b K‡i, Zvn‡j
e¯‘wUi ¶gZv,
P = =
ivwk : ¶gZvi w`K †bB, Kv‡RB ¶gZv GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|
gvÎv : ¶gZvi gvÎv, [ P ] = = [ ML2 T−3 ]
GKK : ¶gZvi GKK IqvU (w).
cÖkœ : 9| GK e¨w³ Kzqv †_‡K wbw`©ó cwigvY cvwb `yB NÈvq
Zzj‡Z cv‡ib, Aci GK e¨w³i H cwigvY cvwb Zzj‡Z wZb NÈv jv‡M|
Kvi ¶gZv †ewk? †Kb?
DËi : cÖ_g e¨w³i ¶gZv wØZxq e¨w³i PvB‡Z †ewk|
e¨vL¨v :
(i) ¶gZvi msÁvbymv‡i : ¶gZv nj KvR Kivi nvi A_©vr †h e¨w³ ev
Drm hZ Kg mg‡q KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi ¶gZv ZZ †ewk| †h‡nZz Kzqv
†_‡K GKB cwigvY cvwb Zzj‡Z cÖ_g e¨w³ wØZxq e¨w³i PvB‡Z Kg
mgq †bq ZvB Zvi ¶gZv †ewk|
(ii) MvwYwZKfv‡e : aiv hvK, Kzqvi MfxiZv = h
cvÎmn cvwbi IRb = mg
∴ cvwb Zzj‡Z Dfq e¨w³ KZ©„K K…ZKv‡Ri cwigvY = [ − mgh ]
= mgh.
Avgiv Rvwb, ¶gZv =
∴ cÖ_g e¨w³i ¶gZv =
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 113

Ges wØZxq e¨w³i ¶gZv =

GLb †h‡nZz > wPÎ : Kzqv †_‡K cvwb †Zvjv
∴ cÖ_g e¨w³i ¶gZv †ewk n‡e|
cÖkœ : 10| ¶gZvi gvÎv wbY©q Ki| (Kz.†ev. 2004; 2002)
A_ev, †`LvI †h, ¶gZvi gvÎv mgxKiY ML2 T−3|
DËi : ¶gZv : KvR Kivi nvi‡K A_©vr GKK mg‡q †Kvb Drm Øviv m¤•vw`Z
Kv‡Ri cwigvY‡K ¶gZv e‡j|
A_©vr , ¶gZv =
¶gZvi gvÎv : ¶gZvi gvÎv n‡e Gi gvÎv|
¶gZv =
= [ KvR = ej × miY ]
= [ ej = fi × Z¡iY ]
= =
∴ [P] = GLv‡b, M = fi-Gi gvÎv
= [ ML T 2 −3 L = miY-Gi gvÎv
T = mgq-Gi gvÎv|
cÖkœ : 11| IqvU Kv‡K e‡j?
A_ev, IqvU wK‡mi GKK? Gi cwigvc KZ?
DËi : IqvU : ¶gZvi Avš ﾏ R©vwZK GKK nj IqvU| G‡K w Øviv cÖKvk Kiv
nq|
msÁv : GK †m‡K‡Û GK Ryj KvR Kivi ¶gZv‡K GK IqvU e‡j|
∴ 1 IqvU = 1 Ryj/†m.
cÖkœ : 12| 60 w-Gi ˆe`y¨wZK evj&e Gi A_© wK? (P.†ev. 2006)
A_ev, GKwU ˆe`y¨wZK evj&e Gi ¶gZv 60w| Gi Øviv wK eySvq?
DËi : 60w Gi ˆe`y¨wZK evj&e : 60w Gi ˆe`y¨wZK evj‡ei A_© nj− GKwU
ˆe`y¨wZK evje‡K 1 †m‡KÊ R¡vwj‡q ivL‡j 60 Ryj KvR m¤•vw`Z nq| A_©vr
60 Ryj we`y¨rkw³ Av‡jvK I Zvckw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|

cÖkœ : 13| kw³ Kv‡K e‡j?

(P.†ev. Õ99; h.†ev. 2002)
A_ev, kw³i gvÎv mgxKiY wjL? kw³i GKK wK?
A_ev, wUKv †jL : kw³
DËi : kw³ (Energy) :
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘i KvR Kivi mvg_©¨‡K Zvi kw³ e‡j| GKwU e¯‘ †Kvb
myweavRbK Ae¯’vq †h cwigvY KvR m¤•bœ Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi cwigvY‡KB
kw³i cwigvY e‡j aiv nq| myZivs KvR Ges kw³ cwigv‡ci †¶Î Awfbœ Ges
Kv‡Ri gva¨‡gB kw³i cÖKvk N‡U|
ivwk : kw³i †Kvb w`K †bB| Kv‡RB kw³ †¯‹jvi ivwk|
gvÎv : kw³i gvÎv Ges Kv‡Ri gvÎv GKB A_©vr [ E ] = [ ML2 T−2 ]
114 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

GKK : kw³i GKK I Kv‡Ri GKK GKB A_©vr Ryj|

cÖkœ : 14| kw³i gvÎv I GKK D‡jL Ki| (iv.†ev. 2006)
DËi : kw³i gvÎv : kw³i gvÎv I Kv‡Ri gvÎv GKB|
kw³ = KvR = ej × miY
= fi × Z¡iY × miY
= fi ×
∴ [ P ] = = [ ML2 T−2 ]
kw³i GKK : kw³i GKK I Kv‡Ri GKK GKB A_©vr Ryj|
cÖkœ : 15| wK‡jvIqvU NÈv wK‡mi GKK? wK‡jvIqvU NÈv Kv‡K e‡j?
(P.†ev. 2006; Kz.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. 2002; Xv.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, wUKv †jLt wK‡jvIqvU NÈv|
DËi : wK‡jvIqvU NÈv n‡”Q ¶gZvi e¨envwiK GKK| wewfbœ cÖ‡qvR‡b
Iqv‡Ui GK nvRvi ¸Y eo GKK Kv‡R jvMv‡bv nq| G‡KB wK‡jvIqvU NÈv e‡j| 1
kw = 103 w
wK‡jvIqvU-NÈv : †Kvb KvR m¤•v`bKvix e¨w³ ev Dr‡mi cÖwZ NÈvq 1
wK‡jvIqvU KvR Kiv‡K 1 wK‡jvIqvU NÈv e‡j|
cÖkœ : 16| kw³i KqwU iƒc Av‡Q? wK wK?
DËi : kw³i iƒc : GB gnvwe‡k¦ kw³ bvbviƒ‡c weivR K‡i| †gvUvgywUfv‡e
Avgiv kw³i bqwU iƒc ch©‡e¶Y Kwi| h_v−
1. hvwš ﾐ K kw³ 6. we`y¨r kw³
2. Zvckw³ 7. ivmvqwbK kw³
3. kãkw³ 8. wbDwK¬q kw³
4. Av‡jvK kw³ 9. †mŠi kw³|
5. †PŠ¤^K kw³
cÖkœ : 17| wefekw³i msÁv `vI|
(P.†ev. 2002; Kz.†ev. 2000; wm.†ev. 2001; iv.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, UxKv †jL : wefekw³|
DËi : wefekw³ :
msÁv : ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vb ev
Ae¯’v †_‡K cwieZ©b K‡i †Kvb
e¯‘‡K Ab¨ †Kvb Ae¯’vb ev Ae¯’vq
Avb‡j e¯‘ KvR Kivi †h mvg_©¨
AR©b K‡i Zv‡K wefe kw³ e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : wP‡Î †`Lv hv‡”Q Kwc K‡ji
Dci w`‡q hvIqv GKwU `woi `yB
cÖv‡š ﾏ `ywU e¯‘ A I B euvav Av‡Q|
fvix e¯‘ A f‚-c„ô †_‡K Dc‡i Av‡Q
Ges nvév e¯‘ B f‚-c„ô‡Z Av‡Q| GLb
A e¯‘ wb‡P bvg‡Z _vK‡j B e¯‘‡K wPÎ : Kwc Kj
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 115

Dc‡i DVv‡e| f‚-c„ô †_‡K Dc‡i _vKvi

Rb¨ A e¯‘i g‡a¨ KvR Kivi GB †h
mvg_©¨ Av‡Q− ZvB A e¯‘i wefe
kw³|
cÖkœ : 18| AwfKl©R wefekw³ ej‡Z wK eyS? (Xv.†ev. 2006; Kz. †ev.
2006; 2004; 2000)
A_ev, wUKv †jLt AwfKl©R wefekw³|
DËi : AwfKl©R wefekw³ :
msÁv : AwfKl© e‡ji wei“‡× KvR K‡i †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b Ki‡j e¯‘
KvR Kivi †h mvg_©¨ jvf K‡i Zv‡K AwfKl©R wefekw³ e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : f‚-c„ô †_‡K †Kvb e¯‘‡K Dc‡i DVv‡j H e¯‘ wKQy wefekw³ jvf K‡i|
e¯‘wU hw` f‚-c„‡ô c‡o ZLb †mwU H cwigvY KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| †Kbbv e¯‘wU
f‚-c„ô ch©š ﾏ co‡Z Ab¨ †Kvb e¯‘‡K Dc‡i DVv‡Z cv‡i| m f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘‡K f‚-
c„ô n‡Z AwfKl© ej Z_v e¯‘i IRb (w = mg) Gi wei“‡× h D”PZvq Zzj‡Z K…Z
KvRB n‡”Q e¯‘‡Z mwÂZ AwfKl©R wefekw³i cwigvY| A_©vr e¯‘wUi
AwfKl©R wefekw³, Ep = mgh.
cÖkœ : 19| GKwU †Uwe‡ji mv‡c‡¶ †Kvb e¯‘i wefekw³ 25J ej‡Z wK
eyS?
DËi : GKwU †Uwe‡ji mv‡c‡¶ †Kvb e¯‘i wefekw³ 25J ej‡Z eySvq- e¯‘i g‡a¨
mwÂZ kw³ Øviv e¯‘wU N‡ii †Uwe‡ji Dci †b‡g Avm‡Z 25J KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
cÖkœ : 20| 1m DuPz †Uwej †_‡K 50 cm DuPz‡Z †Kvb e¯‘ Aew¯’Z n‡j
†Uwe‡ji mv‡c‡¶ Ges N‡ii †g‡Si mv‡c‡¶ Gi wefekw³i †Kvb ZviZg¨
n‡e wK?
DËi : ZviZg¨ n‡e|
e¨vL¨v : †Uwej I N‡ii †g‡S GB `yB Ae¯’vb †_‡K e¯‘i D”PZv wfbœ| e¯‘wU
†Uwej ch©š ﾏ co‡Z †h KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e, H N‡ii †g‡S‡Z co‡Z Zvi †P‡q †ewk
KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
GLv‡b, N‡ii †g‡S n‡Z †Uwe‡ji D”PZv, h = 1m
N‡ii †g‡S n‡Z e¯‘i D”PZv h′ = 1 m + mmg
= (1 + ) m
= m 1 m
2
Ges, †Uwej n‡Z e¯‘i D”PZv, h″ = m
= m
N‡ii †g‡Si mv‡c‡¶ e¯‘i wefekw³ E p′ = mgh′ 1m
= mg × 3/
2 m (h′)
= mg (j).
Abyiƒ‡c, †Uwej mv‡c‡¶ e¯‘i wefekw³, Ep″ = mgh″
= mg × (j)
= mg (j)
116 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

mg (j) > mg (j)

myZivs †g‡Si mv‡c‡¶ e¯‘i wefe †Uwe‡ji mv‡c‡¶ e¯‘i wefe A‡c¶v A‡bK
†ewk|
cÖkœ : 21| MwZkw³i msÁv `vI|
(ewi.†ev. 2006; 2005; P.†ev. 2006; iv. †ev. 2003; Õ99; Kz.†ev.
h.†ev. 2005)
A_ev, MwZkw³ ej‡Z wK eyS? D`vniY mn e¨vL¨v Ki|
A_ev, UxKv wjL : MwZkw³
DËi : MwZkw³ :
msÁv : †Kvb MwZkxj e¯‘ Zvi MwZi Rb¨ KvR Kivi †h mvg_©¨ jvf K‡i Zv‡K
MwZkw³ e‡j|
D`vniY : Pjš ﾏ Mvwo, Pjš ﾏ cvLv BZ¨vw`i kw³B MwZkw³|
cwigvc : wecixZgyLx ej cÖ‡qv‡M †Kvb MwZkxj e¯‘‡K _vgv‡Z n‡j e¯‘wU
_vgvevi c ﾁ e© g ﾁ ûZ© ch©š ﾏ † h cwigvY KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv Øviv e¯‘wUi
MwZkw³i cwigvc Kiv nq|
hw` †Kvb m f‡ii e¯‘i †eM v nq, Z‡e H e¯‘i MwZkw³ Ek = mv2
cÖkœ : 22| †Kvb e¯‘i MwZkw³ 500J ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi : †Kvb e¯‘i MwZkw³ 500J ej‡Z eySvq e¯‘wU †_‡g hvIqvi Av‡M Zvi
MwZi Rb¨ 500J KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
cÖkœ : 23| †Kvb e¯‘i †eM Pvi¸Y n‡j Gi MwZkw³ KZ¸Y n‡e?
DËi : MwZ kw³i cwigvY :
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘i †eM = v
Ges fi = m
∴ e¯‘i MwZkw³, Ek = mv2 ..................................(i)
m v m 4v

GLb †eM 4 ¸Y n‡j H e¯‘i MwZkw³

Ek′ = m (4v)2
= 16 × ( mv2)
= 16 × Ek [ (i) bs n‡Z ]
A_©vr e¯‘i †eM 4 ¸Y n‡j, MwZkw³ 16 ¸Y e„w× cv‡e|
cÖkœ : 24| wb‡æv³ †¶Î¸‡jv †Kvb& kw³ †Kvb& kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ
n‡”Q?
DËi : K. Kj‡gi Lvwj gy‡L dzu w`‡j : hvwš ﾐ K kw³ kã kw³‡Z|
L. nv‡Z nvZ Nl‡j : hvwš ﾐ K kw³ Zvc kw³‡Z|
M.ˆe`y¨wZK evj‡ei ga¨w`‡q cÖevn Pj‡j : Zworkw³
Av‡jvK I Zvckw³‡Z|
N. d‡UvMÖvwdK KvM‡R Av‡jv co‡j : Av‡jvKkw³
ivmvqwbK kw³‡Z|
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 117

O. †Uwj‡dv‡b K_v †kvbvi mgq : Zworkw³ kã kw³‡Z|

P. ˆe`y¨wZK nxUv‡i : Zworkw³ Zvc kw³‡Z|
Q. mij Zwor †Kv‡l : ivmvqwbK kw³ Zwor kw³‡Z|
R. cvigvYweK mve‡gwib : wbDwK¬q kw³ hvwš ﾐ K kw³‡Z|
cÖkœ : 25| kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ wee„Z Ki| (wm.†ev. 2006; h.†ev.
2004; Kz.†ev. P.†ev. 2000 ; Xv.†ev.Õ99 ; e. †ev. 2001; P.†ev. 2002)
DËi : kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ :
kw³ Awebk¦i| Gi m„wó ev webvk bvB| kw³ †Kej GK iƒc n‡Z Ab¨ GK ev
GKvwaK iƒ‡c cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| iƒcvš ﾏ ‡ ii Av‡M I c‡i †gvU kw³i cwigvY
wbw`©ó I AcwieZ©bxq|
g‡b Kwi x cwigvY we`y¨rkw³ GKwU ˆe`y¨wZK evwZ‡Z cÖ‡qvM Kivi d‡j
Zv cwiewZ©Z n‡q ïaygvÎ Y cwigvY Av‡jvK kw³ I Z cwigvY Zvckw³‡Z iƒcvš
ﾏ iwZ n‡jv| Zvn‡j kw³i msi¶bkxjZv bxwZ− Abymv‡i Avgiv
ej‡Z cvwi, iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii c ﾁ‡e© †gvU kw³ = iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii c‡i †gvU kw³
A_©vr x =Y+Z
cÖkœ : 26| GKwU e¯‘ AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e co‡Q| Gi wefekw³
Kg‡e wKš‘ †Kvb& kw³ evo‡e?
DËi : e¯‘ hLb AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e c‡o ZLb wefe kw³ Kg‡e, wKš‘
e¯‘wUi MwZi mÂvi Kvi‡Y G‡¶‡Î MwZkw³ evo‡e| Z‡e me©`v MwZkw³ I
wefe kw³i †hvMdj aª“eK n‡e|
cÖkœ : 27| GKwU e¯‘ hLb Dci †_‡K f‚wg‡Z c‡o ZLb Gi kw³ wK nq?
DËi : e¯‘ hLb f‚wg‡Z c‡o Ges w¯’i nq ZLb Zvi mg¯ ﾏ MwZkw³ I wefekw³
†jvc cvq| wKš‘ kw³ webó nq bv| eis kã, Zvc, Av‡jvK BZ¨vw` kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ
wiZ nq|
cÖkœ : 28| Rjwe`y¨r Kv‡K e‡j?
DËi : Rjwe`y¨r :
msÁv : cvwbi cÖevn ev †mªvZ‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q †h Zwor ev we`y¨r
Drcv`b Kiv nq Zv‡K Rj we`y¨r e‡j|
cvwb kw³i Ab¨Zg Drm| cvwbi †mªvZ I †Rvqvi fvUv‡K e¨envi K‡i kw³
Drcv`b Kiv hvq| Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡b cvwbi wefe kw³ e¨eüZ nq|
cÖkœ : 29| Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z wK eyS?
(Kz.†ev. 2005; Xv. †ev. 2006; 2001 , wm. †ev. 2001; iv.†ev.
2002; P.†ev. 2003; 99)
DËi : Kg©`¶Zv :
msÁv : †Kvb h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z hš ﾐ † _‡K †gvU †h Kvh©Ki kw³ cvIqv
hvq Ges †gvU †h kw³ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zvi AbycvZ‡K †evSvq|
Kg©`¶Zv‡K mvaviYZ η (MÖxK-BUv) Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
η =
η =
118 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

Kg©`¶Zv‡K mvaviYZ kZKiv wn‡m‡e cÖKvk Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

Abykxjbxi
iPbvg ﾁ jK
cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖkœ : 1| KvR ej‡Z wK eyS e¨vL¨v Ki|
A_ev, Kv‡Ri msÁv `vI| Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ei Ki| Kv‡Ri GKK wK?
DËi : KvR :
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci ej cÖ‡qv‡M hw` e¯‘wUi miY N‡U, Zvn‡j ej Ges e‡ji
w`‡K cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi mi‡Yi Dcvs‡ki ¸Ydj‡K KvR e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : awi, A we›`y‡Z Aew¯’Z †Kvb e¯‘i Dci AB eivei F ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv
nj| G‡Z e¯‘wU AB eiveiB x `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i B we›`y‡Z †cuŠQvj| Zvn‡j F ej
Øviv m¤•bœ KvR n‡e,
KvR = ej × e‡ji w`‡K mi‡Yi Dcvsk
ev, W = Fx
F
>
X
A B
hw` ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j e¯‘i Z_v e‡ji cÖ‡qvM we›`yi miY, e‡ji wecixZ w`‡K
AB = x nq Z‡e,
KvR = ej × e‡ji w`‡K mi‡Yi gvb
ev, W = Fx − x
F
< >
X
B A
Avevi, awi A we›`y‡Z e¯‘i Dci AB eivei G ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j AC eivei S
`ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i C we›`y‡Z Av‡m| AB I AC Gi Aš ﾏ fz©³ †KvY θ| C we›`y
†_‡K AB Gi Dci AD j¤^ Uvbv nj| Zvn‡j AB eivei e¯‘i mi‡Yi Dcvsk nj AD = x|
G‡¶‡Î F ej Øviv m¤•bœ KvR n‡e,
KvR = ej × e‡ji w`‡K >C
mi‡Yi Dcvsk
S
ev, W = F × x ........................(i)
wKš‘ ADC mg‡KvYx wÎfz‡R,
θ
Cosθ = = >
ev, x = S Cos θ A X D

(i) bs mgxKiY n‡Z, w = s Cos θ × F = Fs Cosθ

ivwk : Kv‡Ri †Kvb w`K †bB| e‡ji gvb Ges e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`yi mi‡Yi gv‡bi
¸Ydj Øviv e‡ji cwigvc Kiv nq| myZivs KvR GKwU Aw`K ivwk|
gvÎv : Kv‡Ri gvÎv nj ej × miY Gi gvÎv|
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 119

KvR = ej × miY
= fi × Z¡iY × miY
= fi × × miY
= fi ×
∴ [W] = = [ ML2 T−2 ]
GKK : Kv‡Ri Avš ﾏ R©vwZK GKK nj Ryj (Joule),
1 Joule = 1N × 1m = 1Nm.
cÖkœ : 2| e‡ji Øviv KvR Ges e‡ji wei“‡× KvR e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : e‡ji Øviv KvR : hw` ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`y e‡ji w`‡K
m‡i hvq ev e‡ji w`‡K mi‡Yi Dcvsk _v‡K Zvn‡j †mB KvR‡K abvÍK KvR ev
e‡ji Øviv KvR e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci F ej cÖ‡qvM Kivq e¯‘i miY S n‡j Ges F I S Gi
ga¨eZx© †Kvb θ n‡j, K…Z KvR W = Fs Cosθ.
θ Gi gvb 00 ev 00 †_‡K 900 Gi g‡a¨ _vK‡j Cosθ abvÍK nq, d‡j KvR w Gi gvbI
abvÍK nq Ges e‡ji Øviv KvR n‡q‡Q †evSvq|
cÖ_g wP‡Î, GKwU Wv÷vi‡K †Uwej †_‡K †d‡j w`‡j Zv AwfKl© ej Z_v,
Wv÷v‡ii IR‡bi (mg) Rb¨ AwfKl© ej eivei h ` ﾁ i‡Z¡i gvwU‡Z co‡e| G‡¶‡Î e‡ji
Øviv K…Z KvR W = Fh = mgh [∴ θ = 00 ]

wPÎ : 1 wPÎ : 2
wØZxq wP‡Î, GKwU e¯‘ †njv‡bv Zj eivei s `ﾁ i‡Z¡ Mwo‡q co‡j e‡ji Øviv K…
Z KvR,
w = F × e‡ji w`‡K s Gi Dcvsk = Fx
ev, w = Fs Cosθ [ ∴ Cosθ = ]
ev, w = mgs Cosθ.
e‡ji wei“‡× KvR : hw` ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi d‡j e‡ji cÖ‡qvMwe›`y e‡ji
wecixZw`‡K m‡i hvq ev e‡ji wecixZw`‡K mi‡Yi Dcvsk _v‡K Zvn‡j †mB
KvR‡K FYvÍK KvR ev e‡ji wei“‡× KvR e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci F ej cÖ‡qvM Kivq e¯‘i miY S n‡j Ges F I S Gi
ga¨eZx© †KvY θ n‡j, K…Z KvR w = Fs Cosθ
θ Gi gvb 900 †_‡K 1800 Gi g‡a¨ _vK‡j ev 1800 n‡j Cosθ FYvÍK nq d‡j KvR W Gi
gvbI FYvÍK nq Ges e‡ji wei“‡× KvR n‡q‡Q †evSvq|
Z…Zxq wP‡Î, GKwU Wv÷vi‡K gvwU †_‡K †Uwe‡ji Dci Zzj‡Z AwfKl© ej
120 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

Z_v Wv÷v‡ii IRb (mg) Gi wecixZ w`‡K miY nq| Wv÷vi KZ©„K e‡ji wei“‡×
KvR,
w = Fh Cos 1800
ev, w = mgh (− 1) [ ∴ Cos 1800 = − 1]
ev, w = − mgh.

wPÎ : 3 wPÎ : 4
PZz_© wP‡Î, †Kvb e¨w³ GKwU wmuwo †e‡q Dc‡i DV‡j AwfKl© ej Z_v Zvi
IR‡bi (mg) wecix‡Z mi‡Yi GKwU Dcvsk x _v‡K| d‡j †jvKwUi Øviv e‡ji
wei“‡× K…Z KvR|
w = Fx
ev, w = mgs Cos (1800 − θ) [ ∴ Cos (1800 − θ) = ]
ev, w = − mgs Cosθ.

cÖkœ : 3| †`LvI †h, f‚-c„ô †_‡K h D”PZvq m f‡ii e¯‘i wefe kw³ mgh .
A_ev, f‚Ñc„ô n‡Z wbw`©ó D”PZvq wbw`©ó f‡ii wefekw³ wbY©q
Ki| (Xv.†ev. 2004)
DËi : AwfKl©R wefekw³ :
AwfKl© e‡ji wei“‡× KvR K‡i †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b Ki‡j e¯‘ KvR Kivi
†h mvg_©¨ jvf K‡i Zv‡K AwfKl©R wefekw³ e‡j|
wefekw³i cwigvc : g‡b Kwi, m f‡ii e¯‘‡K m
B

f‚-c„‡ôi A we›`y n‡Z AwfK‡l©i wei“‡× h

D”PZvq Dc‡i DwV‡q B we›`y‡Z ¯’vcb Kiv
nj| GLv‡b AwfKl© e‡ji wei“‡× e¯‘wU‡K h
Dc‡i DVv‡Z †h cwigvY KvR m¤•bœ n‡e
ZvB e¯‘i g‡a¨ wefe kw³iƒ‡c mwÂZ n‡e| hw`
AwfKlx©q Z¡iY g nq Z‡e e¯‘i Dci cÖhy³ ej, A

F = mg
wPÎ : wefe kw³i cwigvc
∴ wefe kw³ Ek = AwfKl©
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 121

ej × D”PZv = F × h
= mgh.
cÖkœ : 4| †Kvb e¯‘i MwZkw³i Rb¨ GKwU ivwkgvjv wbY©q Ki|
A_ev, GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘i kw³ mv2 cÖgvY Ki| (Kz.†ev. 2003)
A_ev, m f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ v †e‡M Pj‡Q| MwZkxj _vKv Ae¯’vq e¯‘i
kw³ mv2 cÖgvY Ki| (P.†ev. Õ99;h.†ev. 2002)
A_ev, †`LvI †h, m f‡ii e¯‘i †eM v n‡j, Gi MwZkw³ mv2| (h.†ev. Õ99;
Xv.†ev. Õ99)
A_ev, †`LvI †h, MwZkw³ Ek = × fi × (†eM)2 (iv.†ev. Õ99)
DËi : MwZkw³ :
†Kvb MwZkxj e¯‘ Zvi MwZi Rb¨ KvR Kivi †h mvg_©¨ jvf K‡i Zv‡K
MwZkw³ e‡j|
wecixZgyLx ej cÖ‡qv‡M †Kvb MwZkxj e¯‘‡K _vgv‡Z n‡j, e¯‘wU _vgvevi
c ﾁ e©g ﾁ ûZ© ch©š ﾏ † h cwigvY KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv Øviv e¯‘wUi MwZkw³i
cwigvc Kiv nq|
MwZkw³i cwigvc :
†Kvb e¯‘ hLb w¯’i Ae¯’vq _v‡K ZLb Zv‡Z †Kvb MwZkw³ _v‡K bv| aiv hvK
m f‡ii GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i Dci F ej cÖ‡qvM Kivq e¯‘wU V †eM cÖvß nj| awi, GB
mgq e¯‘wU e‡ji w`‡K S ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| e¯‘wU‡K GB †eM w`‡Z K…Z
KvRB e¯‘i MwZkw³|
m S
< >
F→
∴ MwZkw³ = K…ZKvR
= ej × miY = F × s
†h‡nZz wbDU‡bi 2q m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i, F = ma
∴ MwZkw³, Ek = mas ...............................(i)
wKš‘ V2 = u2 + 2as.
†h‡nZz Avw`‡eM, u = 0
∴ v2 = 2as
ev, as =
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z, e¯‘i MwZkw³, Ek = = mv2
A_©vr, e¯‘i MwZkw³, Ek = × fi × (†eM)2
cÖkœ : 5| †`LvI †h, m f‡ii e¯‘i †eM V n‡j Gi MwZkw³ mv2. (ewi.†ev. 2006;
P. †ev. 2006; 2001)
DËi : [4bs Ges 5bs cÖ‡kœi DËi GKB|]
cÖkœ : 6| cÖgvY Ki †h, wbw`©ó f‡ii MwZkw³ Gi †e‡Mi e‡M©i
mgvbycvwZK| (iv.†ev. 2003)
122 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

A_ev, †`LvI †h Ek ∝ v2 †hLv‡b ms‡KZ¸‡jv cÖPwjZ A_© enb K‡i|

(Kz.†ev. 2005)
DËi : Ek ∝ v - Gi cÖgvY :
2

†Kvb e¯‘ hLb w¯’i Ae¯’vq _v‡K ZLb Zv‡Z †Kvb MwZkw³ _v‡K bv| aiv hvK,
m f‡ii GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i Dci F ej cÖ‡qvM Kivq e¯‘wU v †eM cÖvß nj| aiv hvK,
GB mgq e¯‘wU e‡ji w`‡K s `iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| e¯‘wU‡K GB †eM w`‡Z K…Z
KvRB e¯‘i MwZkw³|
m S
< >
F
∴ MwZkw³ = K…ZKvR
= ej × miY
=F × s
wbDU‡bi 2q mÎvbymv‡i cvB, F = ma
∴ MwZkw³, Ek = mas ..................(i)
wKš‘ Avgiv Rvwb †h, v2 = u2 + 2as
ev, as = u=0
(i) bs mgxKiY n‡Z, e¯‘i MwZkw³, Ek = m = m × v2
A_©vr e¯‘i MwZkw³, Ek = × fi × (†eM)2
†h‡nZz e¯‘i fi GKwU aª“eivwk| myZivs Dc‡ii mgxKiY †_‡K †`Lv hvq, Ek ∝
v2
A_©vr wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i MwZkw³ Gi †e‡Mi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK|
cÖkœ : 7| kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i ej‡Z wK eyS? kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ ‡ ii K‡qKwU
D`vniY `vI|
A_ev, UxKv †jL : kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i|
DËi : kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
c„w_ex‡Z wewfbœ cÖKvi kw³ Av‡Q| GB kw³mg ﾁ n ci¯•‡ii mv‡_
m¤•K©hy³| A_©vr †Kvb GKUv †_‡K Ab¨Uv‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ i m¤¢e| GK ai‡bi
kw³i Ab¨ kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii GB NUbv‡K kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i e‡j| wb‡P kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii
K‡qKwU D`vniY †`Iqv nj :
◆ hvwš ﾐ K kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
hvwš ﾐ K kw³ †_‡K Zvckw³ : nv‡Z nvZ Nl‡j Zvc Drcbœ nq|
hvwš ﾐ K kw³ †_‡K kãkw³ : Kj‡mi Lvwj gy‡L duy w`‡j kã
nq|
hvwš ﾐ K kw³ †_‡K Zwor kw³ : cvwb hLb f‚-c„ô †_‡K Dc‡i _v‡K
ZLb Zv‡Z wefekw³ mwÂZ _v‡K| wb‡P cÖevwnZ
nIqvi mgq GB wefekw³ MwZ kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 123

GB cvwb cÖev‡ni mvnv‡h¨ PvKv Nywi‡q we`y¨r

Drcv`b Kiv nq|
◆ Zvc kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
Av‡jvK kw³ : evj‡ei wdjv‡g‡Èi ga¨w`‡q Zwor cÖev‡ni d‡j
Zvc Av‡jvK kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|
hvwš ﾐ K kw³ : ÷xg Bwćb Zv‡ci mvnv‡h¨ ÷xg Drcbœ K‡i
†ijMvwo Pvjv‡bv nq|
Zwor kw³ : `ywU wfbœ avZe c`v‡_©i ms‡hvM¯’‡j Zvc cÖ‡qvM
Ki‡j Zvckw³ Zworkw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|
◆ Av‡jvK kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
Zvckw³ : †nwi‡K‡bi wPgwb‡Z nvZ w`‡j Mig Abyf‚Z nq|
Zwor kw³ : d‡Uv-†fvj‡UBK †m‡ji Dci Av‡jvi wµqvi d‡j Av‡jvK kw³
Zwor kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|
ivmvqwbK kw³ : d‡UvMÖvwdK KvM‡Ri Dci Av‡jvi wµqv|
◆ kã kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
hvwš ﾐ K kw³‡Z : k‡ãvËi ev k‡ãZi Zi‡½i mvnv‡h¨ m ﾁ ¶•
hš ﾐ cvwZ cwi®‹vi Kiv nq|
Zwor kw³‡Z : †Uwj‡dvb ev †iwWIi †cÖiKh‡š ﾐ mvnv‡h¨ kãkw³‡K
Zworkw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ Kiv nq|
◆ †PŠ¤^K kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
Zvc kw³‡Z : GKLÊ †jvnv‡K `ª“Z Ges evi evi Pz¤^Kb I wePz¤^Kb
Kv‡j Zvc Drcbœ nq|
◆ we`y¨r kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
hvwš ﾐ K kw³‡Z : Zwor †gvU‡i Zwor kw³ hvwš ﾐ K kw³‡Z cwiYZ
nq|
Zvc kw³‡Z : ˆe`y¨wZK Bw¯ﾐ, nxUvi BZ¨vw`‡Z|
Av‡jvK kw³ : ˆe`y¨wZK evj&‡e|
◆ ivmvqwbK kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i :
Zvc I Av‡jvK kw³‡Z : KvV-Kqjv, †K‡ivwmb, M¨vm BZ¨vw`
†cvov‡j ivmvqwbK kw³K Zvc I Av‡jvK kw³‡Z
iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|
wbDwK¬q kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i : cvigvYweK mve‡gwi‡b
wbDwK¬q kw³‡K hvwš ﾐ K kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ Kiv nq|
cÖkœ : 8| kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ wee„Z I e¨vL¨v Ki| (iv. †ev. 2000;
P.†ev. 2000; Kz.†ev. 2000)
A_ev, kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ e¨vL¨v Ki| (P.†ev. 2002)
A_ev, UxKv †jLt kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ|
DËi : kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ : kw³i m„wó ev webvk †bB| kw³ †Kej GKiƒc
124 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

†_‡K Aci GK ev GKvwaK iƒ‡c cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| gnvwe‡k¦i †gvU kw³i
cwigvY wbw`©ó I AcwieZ©bxq| GwUB kw³i msi¶YkxjZvi bxwZ|
e¨vL¨v : kw³ hLb GKiƒc †_‡K Ab¨iƒc-G cwiewZ©Z nq ZLb kw³i †Kvb ¶q
ev e„w× nq bv| GK e¯‘ †h cwigvY kw³ nvivq Aci e¯‘ †m cwigvY kw³ jvf
K‡i| we‡k¦i mvgwMÖK kw³fvÊv‡ii †Kvb ZviZg¨ N‡U bv| GB wek¦ m„wói
cÖ_g g ﾁ û‡Z© †h cwigvY kw³ wQj AvRI †mB cwigvY kw³ eZ©gvb|
D`vniY : ÷xg Bwćb Zv‡ci mvnv‡h¨ ev®• Drcbœ K‡i †ijMvwo BZ¨vw`
Pvjv‡bv nq| GLv‡b Zvc kw³ hvwš ﾐ K kw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq| kw³i
msi¶YkxjZvi bxwZ Abymv‡i,
iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii c ﾁ‡e© †gvU kw³ = iƒcvš ﾏ‡ii c‡i †gvU kw³
A_©vr Zvckw³i cwigvY = hvwš ﾐ K kw³i cwigvY
cÖkœ : 9| †`LvI †h AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i †¶‡Î
wefekw³ I MwZkw³i mgwó me©`v aª“e _v‡K|
(Kz.†ev. 2006; 2000 ; h.†ev. 2004; iv.†ev. 2005; Xv. †ev. 2001; 2003; 2005; wm.†ev.
2003; iv.†ev. 2005; P.†ev. 2004)
A_ev, †`LvI †h AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i †¶‡Î Ep + Ek =
aª“e| (Xv.†ev. 2001; ewi.†ev. 2005)
DËi : g‡b Kwi, m f‡ii GKU e¯‘‡K f‚c„ô †_‡K AweK‡l©i wei“‡× Lvov h
D”PZvq DwV‡q A we›`y‡Z w¯’i Ae¯’vq ivLv nj| AwfKl©R Z¡iY g n‡j
m
A
x

• B h

h–x

A Ae¯’v‡b e¯‘wUi wefe kw³ Ep = mgh.

A Ae¯’v‡b e¯‘wUi MwZkw³ EK = mv2 = m × O = O
A Ae¯’v‡b †gvU kw³ EA = Ep + Ek
= mgh + 0
= mgh.
GLb, e¯‘wU‡K AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e †Q‡o w`‡j Gi MwZi mÂvi n‡e|
e¯‘wU hZB f‚wgi w`‡K co‡e Gi D”PZv ZZB n«vm †c‡Z _v‡K Ges †eM
e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| d‡j wefe kw³ n«vm cvq wKš‘ MwZ kw³ e„w× cvq|
g‡b Kwi, e¯‘wU AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e A we›`y †_‡K X ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i GK
mgq B we›`y‡Z †cuŠ‡Q V †eM cÖvß nj|
f‚wg †_‡K B we›`yi D”PZv = (h − x)
∴ B we›`yi wefe kw³ Ep = mg (h − x)
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 125

Ges B we›`yi MwZ kw³ Ek = mν2

= m (u2 + 2gx), [ V2 = u2 + 2gx)
= m (O + 2gx), [ u = o]
= m × 2gx
= mgx
∴ B we›`yi †gvU kw³ EB = Ep + Ek
= mg (h − x) + mgh
= mgh − mgx + mgx
= mgh.
GLb e¯‘wU f‚wg ¯•k© Kivi gû‡Z© f‚wg †_‡K Gi D”PZv h = O n‡e
∴ c we›`y‡Z wefe kw³ Ep = mg × 0
C we›`y‡Z MwZkw³ Ek = mv12
= m (u2 + 2gh)
= m (0 + 2gh)
= m × 2gh = mgh
∴ C we›`yi †gvU kw³ Ec = Ep + Ek
= O + mgh = mgh
∴ Ep + Ek = aª“eK|
cÖkœ : 10| AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e coš e¯‘i †¶‡Î kw³i
msi¶YkxjZv bxwZwU cÖgvY Ki|
DËi : kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZ 8bs cÖ‡kœvËi `ªóe¨ (wm.†ev. 2006; iv. †ev.
2000; Kz.†ev. 2002; m.†ev. Õ98)
kw³i msi¶YkxjZv bxwZi cÖgvY gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i †¶‡Î 9bs cÖ‡kœvËi
`ªóe¨
cÖkœ : 11| kw³ I ¶gZvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k Ki|
A_ev, kw³i cuvPwU ˆewkó¨ †jL|
A_ev, ¶gZv ej‡Z wK eyS? ¶gvi cuvPwU ˆewkó¨ †jL|
DËi : kw³ I ¶gZvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ :
ˆewkó¨ kw³ ¶gZv
1. msÁv 1. †Kvb e¯‘i KvR Kivi 1. †Kvb e¯‘ GKK mg‡q †h
mvg_©¨‡K kw³ e‡j| KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K
¶gZv e‡j|
2. cwigvc 2. †gvU K…ZKvR Øviv kw³ 2. GKK mg‡qi KvR Øviv
cwigvc Kiv nq| ¶gZv cwigvc Kiv nq|
3. iƒcvš ﾏ i 3. kw³i wewfbœ iƒc Av‡Q Ges 3. ¶gZvi cÖKvi‡f` †bB
kw³ GKiƒc †Z‡K Ab¨iƒ‡c ZvB iƒcvš ﾏ ‡ ii cÖkœ I‡V
iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq| bv|
4. gvÎv 4. kw³i gvÎv : [ ML T ]
2 −2
4. ¶gZvi gvÎv : [ ML2 T −3 ]
126 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

5. kw³i 5. Ryj| 5. IqvU|

GKK
6. cÖKvk 6. kw³ = KvR = ej × miY 6. ¶gZv =
7. mgq 7. kw³ cwigvc Ki‡Z mg‡qi 7. ¶gZv cwigvc Ki‡Z
cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
cÖkœ : 12| Rjwe`y¨r wKfv‡e Drcvw`Z nq Ges G‡Z kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i
wKfv‡e N‡U e¨vL¨v Ki| (Kz.†ev. Õ99)
A_ev, ms‡¶‡c Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡bi c×wZ eY©bv Ki|
DËi : Rjwe`y¨r : cvwb kw³i Ab¨Zg Drm| cvwbi †mªvZ I †Rvqvi-fuvUv‡K
e¨envi K‡i kw³ Drcv`b Kiv hvq| cvwbi cÖevn ev †mªvZ‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q †h
Zwor ev we`y¨r Drcv`b Kiv nq Zv‡K ejv nq Rjwe`y¨r| Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡b
cvwbi wefekw³ e¨envi Kiv nq| c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k Rjwe`y¨r cÖK‡í
Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ wefe kw³ e¨envi Kiv nq|
Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡bi c×wZ :
cvwb‡K euva w`‡q AvUKv‡j Gi D”PZv e„w× cvq| cvwbi Z‡ji D”PZv e„w×
ev Gi MfxiZv e„w×i d‡j Gi g‡a¨ AwaK wefekw³ Rgv nq| †Kvb cvnv‡oi
DcZ¨Kvi wb‡Pi cÖv‡š ﾏ euva w`‡q GB KvRwU mvaviYZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| b`x
†_‡K Avmv cvwbi cÖevn euv‡a evav †c‡q Rgv n‡Z _v‡K| G‡Z euv‡ai
†cQ‡b K…wÎg n«‡`i m„wó nq| n«` cvwb‡Z c ﾁ Y© n‡q †M‡j n«` †_‡K cvwb
GKwU †gvUv b‡ji wfZi w`‡q wb‡P Aew¯’Z GKwU Zwor Drcv`b †K‡›`ª
cÖevwnZ Kiv nq| cvwb cZ‡bi mgq Gi wefekw³ MwZkw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ nq|
GB MwZkw³ GKwU Uve©vBb‡K †Nvivq| Uve©vBb nj †eWhy³ GKwU
PvKv| Uve©vBbwU GKwU Zwor †Rbv‡iU‡ii mv‡_ mivmwi hy³ _v‡K| GB
†Rbv‡iU‡i Zwor Drcbœ nq| Drcbœ Zwor wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Zv‡ii gva¨‡g
cvVv‡bv nq|

kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i : wb‡P Q‡Ki gva¨‡g Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡b kw³i iƒcvš ﾏ i †`Lv‡bv
nj :
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 127

cvw
bi w
ef ekw
³ Mw
Zkw
³

vB‡bi NY©
Uve© bkw
³

†Rbv‡i Ui †_‡K w
e`ÿr kw
³ w
e`ÿr cÖ
evn

cÖkœ : 13| Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z wK eyS? D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v Ki| (Kz.†ev.

2005)
A_ev, wUKv †jL : Kg© `¶Zv|
DËi : Kg©`¶Zv : †Kvb h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z hš ﾐ † _‡K †gvU †h Kvh©Ki
kw³ cvIqv hvq Ges †gvU †h kw³ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zvi AbycvZ‡K eySvq|
Kg©`¶Zv‡K mvaviYZ η (MÖxK-BUv) Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
η = =
GKK : Kg©`¶Zv `ywU GKB RvZxq ivwki AbycvZ e‡j Gi †Kvb GKK †bB|
Kg©`¶Zv‡K mvaviYZ kZKiv wn‡m‡e cÖKvk Kiv nq|
D`vniY : †Kvb h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv 90% ej‡Z Avgiv eywS †h, hw` GB h‡š ﾐ i
100J kw³ †`Iqv nq, Z‡e †mB hš ﾐ †_‡K jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³ 90J n‡e|

AwZwi³
cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖkœ : 1| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i
w¯’wZkw³ I MwZkw³i †hvMdj mgh Gi mgvb nq? (Kz.†ev. 2004)
DËi :
g‡bKwi, m f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘‡K f‚wg †_‡K m
AwfK‡l©i wei“‡× Lvov h D”PZvq DwV‡q A A
we›`y‡Z w¯’i Ae¯’vq ivLv nj| x
A we›`y‡Z e¯‘wUi w¯’wZ (wefe) kw³, Ep =
B h
mgh
A we›`y‡Z e¯‘wUi MwZkw³, Ek = mvA2
= m × 0 [vA= 0] (h–x)
=0
∴ A we›`y‡Z w¯’wZ I MwZkw³i †hvMdj = c
EP + EK
A A
wPÎ : w¯’wZkw³ I MwZkw³i
= mgh + 0 †hvMdj|
A_©vr A we›`y‡Z e¯‘wUi mg¯ﾏ kw³B Zvi
w¯’wZkw³| = mgh
GLb e¯‘wU‡K AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e A we›`y †_‡K co‡Z †`Iqv n‡j e¯‘wU‡Z
MwZi mÂvi n‡e| e¯‘wU hZB f‚wgi w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡e ZZB Gi w¯’wZkw³
128 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

µgvš^‡q MwZkw³‡Z iƒcvš ﾏ wiZ n‡e| e¯‘wU co‡Z co‡Z GK mgq GwU
f‚wgi w`‡K x ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i B we›`y‡Z †cŠuQvj| B we›`y‡Z f‚wg †_‡K
e¯‘i D”PZv = (h − x)
∴B we›`y‡Z e¯‘i wefekw³, EP = mg (h−x)
B
B we›`y‡Z e¯‘i wefe MwZkw³, EK = mV 2 B
B
= m (u 2 + 2gx) A

= m (0 + 2gx); [uA= 0]
= mgx.
∴B we›`y‡Z w¯’wZkw³ I MwZkw³i †hvMdj, = EP + EK
B B
= mg (h − x) + mgx
= mgh − mgx + mgx
= mgh
Gevi e¯‘wU †h gyn ﾁ ‡ Z© f‚wg ¯•k© Ki‡e †m gyn ﾁ ‡ Z© f‚wg †_‡K Gi
D”PZv n‡e 0, d‡j C we›`y‡Z e¯‘i w¯’wZkw³, EP = mg × 0
C
=0
C we›`y‡Z MwZkw³, EK = mV 2
C
C
= m (uA2 + 2gh)
= m (0 + 2gh); [uA2 = 0]
= mgh.
A_©vr gy³fv‡e coš e¯‘i †¶‡Î Gi w¯’wZkw³ I MwZkw³i mgwó me©`v
mgh.
cÖkœ : 2| †`LvI †h, W = FCosθ †hLv‡b cÖZxK¸‡jv cÖPwjZ A‡_© e¨eüZ
nq| [ewi.†ev; iv.†ev. 2004]
DËi : †Kvb e¯‘i Dci ej cÖ‡qv‡M hw` e¯‘wUi miY N‡U, Zvn‡j ej Ges e‡ji
w`‡K e‡ji cÖ‡qvM we›`yi mi‡Yi Dcvs‡ki ¸Ydj‡K KvR e‡j|
MvwYwZK e¨vL¨v : g‡bKwi, A we›`y‡Z Aew¯’Z †Kvb e¯‘i Dci AB eivei F
ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv nj| G‡Z e¯‘wU AB eiveiB x ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i B we›`y‡Z
†cŠuQvj| G‡¶‡Î e‡ji cÖ‡qvM we›`yi mi‡Yi Dcvsk x
A B F
x
KvR‡K W Øviv cÖKvk Kiv n‡j Kv‡Ri msÁvbymv‡i,
W = Fx ............... (i)
Gevi A we›`y‡Z e¯‘wUi Dci AB eivei F ej cÖhy³ n‡j e¯‘wU hw` Awfgy‡Li
mv‡_ θ †Kv‡Y S `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i C we›`y‡Z †cŠuQvq| C we›`y †_‡K AB Gi
Dci j¤^ Uvwb, hv AB †K D we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| G‡¶‡Î e‡ji Awfgy‡L e‡ji
cÖ‡qvM we›`yi mi‡Yi Dcvsk n‡e AD = x
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 129

∆ ADC − G
C

x = S Cosθ S
GLb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y x = S Cosθ θ B F
ewm‡q cvB A > D
x
W = F S Cosθ cÖgvwYZ|
cÖkœ : 3| †Kvb Mvwoi MwZkw³ 2×106 Ryj ej‡Z wK eySvq? 1kwh †K
Ry‡j cÖKvk Ki| (Kz.†ev. 2004; wm.†ev. 2006)

DËi : †Kvb Mvwoi MwZkw³ 2×106 Ryj ej‡Z †evSvq MvwowU †_‡g hvIqvi
c ﾁ‡e© Zvi MwZkw³ 2×106 Ryj KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
1 kwh = 1 kw × 1h
= 1000 w × (60 × 60)s
= 3600000 ws
= 3.6 × 106J
cÖkœ : 4| Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z wK eyS? †Kvb h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv 70% ej‡Z
wK eyS? (h.†ev. 2003)
DËi : Kg©`¶Zv :
†Kvb h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv ej‡Z hš ﾐ † _‡K †gvU †h Kvh©Ki kw³ cvIqv hvq Ges
†gvU †h kw³ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zvi AbycvZ‡K †evSvq|
Kg©`¶Zv‡K mvaviYZ η (MÖxK BUv) Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
msÁvbymv‡i, η =
=
GKK : Gi †Kvb GKK †bB| Kg©`¶Zv‡K mvaviYZ kZKiv wn‡m‡e cÖKvk Kiv
n‡q _v‡K|
h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv 70% Gi e¨vL¨v
†Kvb h‡š ﾐ i Kg©`¶Zv 70% ej‡Z Avgiv eywS, hw` H h‡š ﾐ 100J kw³ †`Iqv nq,
Zvn‡j †mB hš ﾐ †_‡K jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³ 90J n‡e|
cÖkœ : 5| Rj we`y¨r wK? (P.†ev. 2003)
DËi : Rj we`y¨r (Hydoelectricity) :
Avgiv Rvwb, cvwb kw³i Ab¨Zg Drm| cvwbi †mªvZ I †RvqvifuvUv‡K
e¨envi K‡i kw³ Drcv`b Kiv hvq| cvwbi cÖevn ev †mªvZ‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q
†h Zwor ev we`y¨r Drcbœ Kiv nq Zv‡K ejv nq Rjwe`y¨r| Rjwe`y¨r
Drcv`‡b cvwbi wefekw³ e¨envi Kiv nq| c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k Rjwe`y¨r
cÖK‡í Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ wefekw³ e¨envi Kiv nq|
MvwYwZK
mgm¨vewj I
mgvavb
■ hv Rvbv `iKvi :
Kv‡Ri msÁv n‡Z Rvwb, w = f × s GLv‡b, w
130 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

= KvR
f = ej
s = miY
†KŠwYK cwigv †`qv _vK‡j, GLv‡b, p =
P = ¶gZv
= t = mgq
m = fi
g = AwfKl©R Z¡iY
n = D”PZv
■ KwZcq GKK :
KvR = j mgq = s
ej = N fi = kg
†KvY = o AwfKl©R Z¡iY = ms−2
¶gZv = m D”PZv = m
MvwYwZK
D`vniYmg ﾁ
n
D`v : 1| 500N ej cÖ‡qv‡M †Kvb e¯‘i e‡ji w`‡K miY 50m n‡j K…Z Kv‡Ri
cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb,
W = Fx GLv‡b, ej, F = 500N
ev, W = 500N × e‡ji w`‡K miY, x = 50 m
50 m KvR, w = ?
= 2.5 × 104 J
DËi : 2.5 × 104 J.
D`v : 2| 70kg f‡ii GK e¨w³ 2000m DuPz ce©‡Z Av‡ivnY Ki‡j wZwb KZ
KvR Ki‡eb? (g = 9.8 ms−2)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
w = Fx e¨w³i fi, m = 70 kg
ev, w = 686 N × ej, F = e¨w³i IRb
2000 m = mg
= 1.372 × 106J = 70 kg × 9.8 ms−2
DËi : 1.372 × 106J. = 686 N
e‡ji w`‡K miY, x = 2000m
KvR, w = ?
D`v : 3| 20N ej †Kvb wbw`©ó f‡ii e¯‘i Dci wµqv Kivq e¯‘wU e‡ji
w`‡Ki mv‡_ 600 †KvY Drcbœ K‡i 5m ` ﾁ ‡ i m‡i †Mj| Kv‡Ri cwigvY
wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 131

w = FS cosθ ej, F = 20 N
ev, w = 20N × 5m × cos 600 miY, S = 5m
= 20 × 5 × Nm ej I mi‡Yi Aš ﾏ fz©³ †KvY, θ = 600
= 50J. KvR, w = ?
DËi : 50J.
D`v : 4| 65 kg f‡ii GK e¨w³ cÖwZwU 25 cm DuPz 20wU wmuwo 10 s G
DV‡Z cv‡ib| Zvi ¶gZv KZ? (g = 9. 8 ms−2).
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb,
p = = GLv‡b,
∴ p = e¨w³i fi, m =
65 kg
= 318.5 Js−1
ej, F = e¨w³i
= 318.5 w IRb
DËi : 318.5 w. = mg
= 65 kg × 9.8 ms−2
= 65 × 9.8 N
miY, x = 25 × 20 cm
= 5m
mgq, t = 10 s
¶gZv, p = ?
D`v : 5| wb‡Pi wiRvf©vi †_‡K 30m DuPz `vjv‡bi Qv‡` Aew¯’Z
U¨vs‡K cvwb †Zvjvi Rb¨ 2 kw Gi GKwU cv¤• e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q|
cv¤•wU 2 wgwbU Pvjv‡j KZ cvwb †Zvjv hv‡e?
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
p = cv‡¤•i ¶gZv, P = 2 kw
= = = 2 × 103 w
ev, p= miY, x = 30 m
mgq, t = 2 wgwbU
= 2 × 60 s
cvwbi fi, m = ?
∴ m =
= = 816.3 kg
DËi : 816.3 kg.
D`v : 6| 5 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘‡K f‚-c„ô †_‡K 30m D”PZvq Zzj‡j Gi
wefekw³ KZ n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2005)
(g = 9.8 ms−2)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
Ep = mgh e¯‘i fi, m = 5 kg
132 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

= 5 kg × 9.8ms−2 × 30 m D”PZv, h = 30 m
= 1470 J. wefekw³, Ep = ?
DËi : 1470 J.
D`v : 7| 1000 kg f‡ii GKwU Mvwo NÈvq 36km †e‡M Pj‡j Gi MwZkw³ KZ
n‡e?
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
EK = mv2 e¯‘i fi, m = 1000 kg
= × 1000 kg × (10 ms−2)2 e¯‘i †eM, v = 36
= 5 × 104 kg m2s−2 = 5 × 104 J. = = 10 ms−1
DËi : 5 × 104 J. MwZkw³, EK = ?

D`v : 8| 70 kg f‡ii GKRb †`Šowe‡`i MwZkw³ 1260 J n‡j Zvi †eM KZ?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
Ek = mv 2
fi, m = 70 kg
ev, v = =
2
MwZkw³, Ek = 1260 J
†eM, v = ?
−1
= 36 = 6 ms
DËi : †eM, V = 6 ms−1.
D`v : 9| GKwU evjK wkï‡`i UªvBmvB‡K‡j emv Zvi †QvU †evb‡K 80
N mg‡e‡M †Vj‡Q| †QvU †evb‡K 400J MwZkw³ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡j Zv‡K
KZ `ﾁ i‡Z¡ †Vj‡Z n‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
MwZkw³ = K…ZKvR ej, F = 80 N
Ek = Fx MwZkw³, Ek =
∴ x = = = 5m 400 J
miY, x = ?
DËi : 5 m.
D`v : 10| 1 kg f‡ii e¯‘‡K 20 m Dci †_‡K †Q‡o †`Iqv n‡j f‚-c„ô‡K ¯•k©
Kivi c ﾁ e©g ﾁ û‡Z© Gi MwZkw³ wbY©q Ki| ( g = 9.8 ms−2 )
(h.†ev. 2006; Xv. †ev. Õ99; Kz.†ev. 2002; ewi.†ev. 2005)
Abyiƒc : 20m Dci †_‡K 1.5 kg f‡ii e¯‘‡K †Q‡o †`qv n‡j f‚-c„ô‡K ¯•k©
Kivi wVK cye© gyû‡Z© Gi MwZ kw³ wbY©q Ki| g = 4.8ms−2
(Xv.†ev. 2004)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
Ek = mv2 fi, m = 1 kg
gvwU ¯•k© Kivi c ﾁ e©g ﾁ û‡Z© D”PZv, h = 20 m
†eM v n‡j Avw`‡eM, u = o ms−1
v2 = u2 + 2gh g = 9.8 ms−2
ev, v2 = 2gh [∴u=o] MwZkw³, Ek = ?
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 133

∴ Ek = m × 2gh
= mgh
= 1 kg × 9.8 ms−2 × 20 m = 196 J
DËi : 196 J.
D`v : 11| 20 kw ¶gZvi GKwU BwÄb 1 wgwb‡U 3000 kg cvwb 10 m Dc‡i
Zzj‡Z cv‡i| K) jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³ L) jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv Ges M) Bwćbi
Kg©`¶Zv wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
K) jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³, E′ = Bwćbi ¶gZv, p = 20
BwÄb Øviv K… kw
ZKvR cvwbi fi, m = 3000 kg
= cvwbi
wefekw³
= mgh
= 3000 kg × 9.8 ms−2 × 10 m
= 294000 J = 2.94 × 105 J
L) jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv,
=
=
= 9800 w = 9.8 kw
M) Kg©`¶Zv, η = =
= 0.49 = 49%
DËi : K) 2.49 × 105 J; L) 9.8 kw; M) 49%.
Abykxjbxi MvwYwZK
mgm¨vi mgvavb
mgm¨v : 1| 200N ej cÖ‡qv‡M GKwU e¯‘‡K e‡ji w`‡K 10m miv‡bv nj|
Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
KvR = ej × e‡ji w`‡K ej, F = 200N
miY e‡ji w`‡K miY, x = 10 m
W = Fx KvR, w = ?
ev, W = 200N × 10m
= 2000 J
∴ W = 2 × 103 J
DËi : Kv‡Ri cwigvY = 2 × 103 J.
mgm¨v : 2| 90m Mfxi Lwb †_‡K 50 kg †jvnv Zzj‡Z KZ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e?
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
KvR × AwfKl©R wefe kw³ D”PZv, x = 90 m
134 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

W = Fx fi, m = 50 kg
= mgh AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g = 9.8 ms−2
= 50 kg × 9.8 ms−2 × 90 m
KvR, w = ?
= 44100J
DËi : Kv‡Ri cwigvY = 44100J.
mgm¨v : 3| 10N ej †Kvb e¯‘i Dci wµqv Kivq e¯‘wU e‡ji w`‡K 600
†Kvb K‡i 6m `ﾁ ‡i m‡i †Mj| Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
W = FS cos θ ej, F = 10 N
= 10N × 6m × Cos 600 miY, S = 6m
= 10 × 6 × Nm = 30J ej I mi‡Yi Aš ﾏ fz©³ †KvY, θ = 600
KvR, w = ?
DËi : Kv‡Ri cwigvY = 30J.
mgm¨v : 4| 40 kg f‡ii GKwU evjK 12 s-G 6m DuPz wmuwo AwZµg Ki‡j
Zvi ¶gZv KZ? (ewi.†ev. 2001)
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
¶gZv, P = evj‡Ki fi, m = 40 kg
= = miY, h/s = 6m
ej, F = 10N
mgq, t = 12 s
AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g = 9.8 ms−2
¶gZv, p = ?
=
= 196 w
DËi : ¶gZv 196 w.
mgm¨v : 5| 35 kg f‡ii
GKwU evjK 20 cm DuPz 20wU †mvcvb 5 s-G DV‡Z
cv‡i †m KZ ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM Kij?
(Kz.†ev. 2006; 2000; P.†ev. 2002)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
¶gZv, P = evj‡Ki fi, m = 35kg
= ej, F = evj‡Ki IRb = mg
= = 35 × 9.8 N
=
= 274.4 w
miY, s = 20 × 20 cm
= 400 cm
= 4m
g = 9.8 ms−2
mgq, t = 5s
¶gZv, p = ?
DËi : ¶gZv 274.4 w.
mgm¨v : 6| †Kvb †µ‡bi mvnv‡h¨ 800 kg B¯•vZ‡K 20 s-G 10 m DuPz‡Z
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 135

†Zvjv nj| †µbwU KZ ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM Kij?

(P.†ev. 2000)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
¶gZv, P = B¯•v‡Zi fi, m = 800 kg
= mgq, t = 20 s
= miY, s = 10 m
= 3920 Js−1 g = 9.8 ms−2
= 3920 w ej, F = B¯•v‡Zi IRb
= 3.920 kw = mg
= 800 × 9.8 N
¶gZv, p = ?
DËi : ¶gZv 3.920 kw.
mgm¨v : 7| f‚wg †_‡K 20 m DuPz Qv‡` BU †Zvjvi Rb¨ 10 kw Gi GKwU
BwÄb e¨envi Kiv nj| 1 NÈvq BwÄbwU wK cwigvY BU Qv‡` Zzj‡Z
cvi‡e? (ewi.†ev. 2006)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
¶gZv, P = Bwćbi ¶gZv, p = 10 kw
= = 10 × 103 w
= miY, s = 20m
∴ m = mgq, t = 1 NÈv
= 1 × 60 × 60 s
B‡Ui fi, m = ?
=
= 183673.5 kg
DËi : B‡Ui fi = 183673.5kg.
mgm¨v : 8| 4.9 kw Gi GKwU BwÄb 1000 wjUvi cvwb 1 wgwb‡U
`vjv‡bi Qv‡` U¨vs‡K DVv‡Z cv‡i| Qv‡`i D”PZv wbY©q Ki| (1 wjUvi
cvwbi fi 1 kg )
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
¶gZv, P = Bwćbi ¶gZv, p = 4.9 kw
= = 4.9 × 103 w
= cvwbi fi, m = 1000 wjUvi
ev, p = = 1000 kg
∴ x = mgq, t = 1 mm
= 60 s
g = 9.8 ms−2
miY, s = ?
= = 30 m
DËi : Qv‡`i D”PZv 30 m.
mgm¨v : 9| 200 gm f‡ii GKwU Avg f‚wg †_‡K 7 m DuPz‡Z Sz‡j Av‡Q|
AvgwUi wefekw³ KZ?
136 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

Abyiƒc : cÖkœ : 300 gm f‡ii GKwU Avg f‚wg †_‡K 9m DuPz‡Z Av‡Q
AvgwUi wefekw³ KZ? (h.†ev. 2004)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
wefekw³, EP = mgh Av‡gi fi, m = 200 gm
= 0.2 × 9.8 ms−2 × 7m = 0.2 kg
D”PZv, h = 7m
= 13.72 J
g = 9.8 ms−2
DËi : 13.72 J. wefekw³, Ep = ?
mgm¨v : 10| 100 m †`Šo cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq 60 kg f‡ii GKRb †`Šowe`
cÖ_g nb| wZwb G‡Z mgq †bb 12.5 s| †`Š‡oi mgq Zvi MwZkw³ KZ
wQj? (Xv.†ev. 2005; 2000; h. †ev. 2000)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
MwZkw³, EK = mv 2 †`Šowe‡`i fi, m = 60 kg
= × 60kg × (8 ms−1)2 †eM, v = ms−1
= 8 ms−1
= 30 × 64 kg m2 s−2 = 1920 J
MwZkw³, Ep = ?
DËi : MwZkw³ 1920 J.
mgm¨v : 11| 4000 kg f‡ii GKwU UªvK 54 km h−1 †e‡M Pj‡Q| 1000 kg f‡ii
GKwU Mvwo KZ †e‡M Pj‡j Gi MwZkw³ UªvKwUi MwZkw³i mgvb
n‡e? (iv. †ev. 2000; ewi.†ev. 2002)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
MwZkw³, Ek = mv 2
Uªv‡Ki fi,M = 4000 kg
†h‡nZz Uªv‡Ki MwZkw³ Uªv‡Ki †eM, V = 54 kmh−1
Mvwoi MwZkw³i mgvb Mvwoi fi, m = 1000 kg
∴ EK = MV = mv2 2 Mvwoi †eM, v = ?
ev, mv2 = MV2
ev, mv2 = MV2
ev, 1000 × v2 = 4000 × (54)2
ev, v2 = 4 × 2916
∴ v = 108 kmh−1
DËi : Mvwoi †eM, 108 kmh−1.
mgm¨v : 12| Bg‡bi fi 40 kg Avi Zgvi fi 30 kg. GKwU †`Šo
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Bgb 7 ms−1 Ges Zgv 8 ms−1 †e‡M †`Šovq| †`Š‡oi mgq
Kvi MwZkw³ †ewk wQj?
mgvavb: Bg‡bi †¶‡Î, Zgvi †¶‡Î,
fi, m1 = 40 kg fi, m2 = 30 kg
†eM, v1 = 7 ms−1 †eM, v2 = 8 ms−1
∴ MwZkw³, Ek = m1v ∴ MwZkw³, Ek = m2v
= × 40 kg × (7)2 = × 30 kg × (8)2
= 980 J = 960 J
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 137

AZGe, †`Š‡oi mgq Bg‡bi MwZkw³ †ewk wQj| (DËi : Bg‡bi)

mgm¨v : 13| 10 kw ¶gZvi GKwU BwÄb 1000 kg cvwbi 10 m D”PZvq 1
wgwb‡U Zzj‡Z cv‡i| K) jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³ L) jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv I M)
Bwćbi Kg©`¶Zv †ei Ki| (Xv.†ev. wm.†ev. 2002; h.†ev. 2005ewi.†ev. 2004)
mgvavb:
K) jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³, GLv‡b,
E′ = BwÄb Øviv K…ZKvR Bwćbi ¶gZv, p = 10 kw
= cvwbi wefekw³ cvwbi fi, m = 1000 kg
= mgh D”PZv, h = 10 m
= 1000 kg × 9.8 ms−2 × 10 m mgq, t = 1 wgwbU
= 9.8 × 104 J. = 60 s

L) jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv, M) Bwćbi Kg©`¶Zv,

p′ = η =
= =
= 1.63 × 103 w = 0.163
= 1.63 kw = 16.3%
DËi : jf¨ Kvh©Ki kw³ 9.8 × 104 J
jf¨ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv 1.63 kw
Bwćbi Kg©`¶Zv 16.3% |
AwZwi³ MvwYwZK
mgm¨vi mgvavb
mgm¨v : 1| 40kg f‡ii GKwU evjK 20cm DuPz 20wU †mvcvb 5s-G DV‡Z
cv‡i| †m G‡Z KZ ¶gZv cÖ‡qvM Kij? [iv.†ev. 2004]
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
P = evj‡Ki fi, m = 40 kg
= AwZµvš ﾏ D”PZv, h = 20 cm×20
= 313.6 Watt = 400cm
= 4m
AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g = 9.8ms−2
mgq, t = 5s
¶gZv, p =?
DËi : ¶gZv 313.6W
mgm¨v : 2| 0.4 × 104kg f‡ii GKwU Mvwo 54 kmh−1 †e‡M Pj‡Q| 103kg f‡ii
GKwU evm KZ †e‡M Pj‡j Gi MwZkw³ Mvwoi MwZkw³i mgvb n‡e?
(iv.†ev. 2006)

mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
138 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

EK = m1v12 Mvwoi fi, m1 = 0.4×104 kg

1

Ges EK = m2v22 ev‡mi fi, m2 = 103 kg

2 Mvwoi †eM, v1 = 54 kmh−1
kZ©g‡Z, =
EK = EK = 15 ms−1
1 2

ev, = m2v22
m1v12 ev‡mi †eM, v2 =?
ev,m1v12 = m2v22 ; [Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
ev,0.4 × 104 × (15)2 = 103 × v22
ev,4 × 103 × (15)2 = 103 × v22
ev,4 × (15)2 = v22
ev, v22 = (2)2 (15)2
∴ v2 = 2 × 15
= 30 ms−1 Ans.
mgm¨v : 3| 60 kg f‡ii GKRb evjK 25 †m‡KÛ 200m †`Šovq| †`Š‡oi mgq
Zvi MwZkw³ KZ wQj ? (Pt †evt Õ99)
mgvavb: 10 bs cÖ‡kœi Abyiƒc|
mgm¨v : 4| 2kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘‡K 40m Dci †_‡K †Q‡o †`Iqv n‡j f‚-c„‡ô
¯•k© Kivi wVK c ﾁ e© g ﾁ ny‡Z© Gi MwZkw³ wbY©q Ki| (g = 9.8ms−2)
(ewi.†ev. 2005; Xv. †ev. Õ99)
mgvavb:
GLb, Ek = mv2 ................... (i) †`Iqv Av‡Q,
Avevi, gvwU ¯•k© Kivi ce© e¯‘i fi, m = 2kg
gû‡Z© †eM v n‡j, D”PZv, h = 40 m
v2 = u2 + 2gh ......................... (ii) Avw` †eM, u = Oms−1
myZivs (ii) †_‡K cvB, AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g = 9.8 ms−2
2 2
v = u + 2gh
MwZkw³, Ek = ?
= 0 + 2gh. [∴u = 0]
∴ v2 = 2gh.
(i) bs †_‡K cvB
Ek = =
= mgh = 2kg × 9.8ms−2 × 40m = 784J
∴ Ek = 784J Ans.
mgm¨v : 5| 100 kg f‡ii GKwU Mvwo NÈvq 72 km †e‡M Pj‡Z _vK‡j Gi
MwZ kw³ KZ n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2003)
mgvavb:
g‡b Kwi, †`Iqv Av‡Q,
Mvwoi MwZ kw³ = E fi m = 100 kg
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 139

Avgiv Rvwb, †eM v = 72 km/hr

MwZ kw³ = mrv2 =
∴ Mvwoi MwZ kw³, E = 20 ms−1
= × 100 kg × (20 ms−1)2
= (50 × 400)J
= 20000 J
∴ Mvwoi MwZkw³ 20000 J (Ans.)

mgm¨v : 6| 15 g f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU 300 ms−1 †e‡M GK UzK‡iv Kv‡V 3 cm

cÖ‡ek K‡i †_‡g †Mj| evav`vbKvix e‡ji gvb wbY©q Ki|
(Kz.†ev. 2006; iv.†ev. 2003)
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, ey‡j‡Ui fi, m = 15gm
v2 = u2 + 2as = 15 × 10−3 kg
ev, o = (300)2 + 2 × ey‡j‡Ui Avw` †eM, u = 300
a × 3 × 10−2
ms−1
ev, a = ey‡j‡Ui †kl †eM, v = 0
evav`vbKvix ej, F = ma Kv‡Vi wfZi AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡, = 3
= 15 × 10−3 × cm
= 3 × 10−2m
evav`vbKvix ej, F = ?
= −22.5 × 10 N (Ans.)
3

ˆbe©¨w³K
cÖ‡kœvËi
Abykxjbxi eû wbe©vPbx cÖ‡kœvËi : mwVK DËiwUi cv‡k wUK (√)
wPý `vI|
1. Kv‡Ri GKK †KvbwU? (Xv.†ev. K. MLT−1 L. MLT−2
2001; m.†ev. Õ98; wm.†ev. 2003) ✓ M. ML T
2 −2
N. ML2T−3
K. wbDUb ✓ L. Ryj 4. †KvbwUi Dci AwfKl©R wefe
M. IqvU N. c¨vm‡Kj kw³i gvb wbf©i K‡i bv?
2. KvR m¤•v`bKvix †Kvb e¨w³ ev (Kz.†ev. 2000; P.†ev. 2000;
Dr‡mi KvR Kivi nvi‡K wK e‡j? Xv.†ev. 2003)
✓ K. ¶gZv L. kw³ K. fi ✓ L. mgq
M. ej N. Pvc M. AwfKl©R Z¡iY N.
3. kw³i gvÎv †KvbwU? (Kz.†ev. 2006; D”PZv|
ewi. †ev. Õ01; Xv.†ev. 2000; P.†ev.
Õ99) AwZwi³
A_ev, ML2T−2 †Kvb ivwki gvÎv?
(iv.†ev. 2003)
ˆbe©¨w³K
cÖ‡kœvËi
140 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

1| 1 Ak¦ ¶gZv (H.P) = KZ IqvU? AwZµvš `i‡Z¡i ¸Ydj‡K wK

[ewi.†ev. 2006; iv.†ev. 2002; Xv.†ev. ejv nq?
2001; wm.†ev. 2001; ✓ K. KvR L. ¶gZv
P.†ev. 2004; h.†ev. 2000; m. †ev. Õ98; M. kw³ N. Pvc
wm.†ev. 2003] 10| KvR I kw³i GKK †Kvb&wU?
✓ K. 476w L. 657w ✓ K. Ryj L. IqvU
M. 746w N. 764w M. wbDUb N. c¨vm‡Kj
2| KvR Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ 11| 1 †m‡K‡Û 1 Ryj KvR m¤•vw`Z
gvbyl †Kvb& kw³ †_‡K cvq? nIqv‡K wK e‡j?
(P.†ev. 2000) A_ev, 1 Js−1 mgvb KZ?
K. hvwšK kw³ L. ivmvqwbK (wm.†ev. 2002)
kw³ ✓ K. 1 IqvU L. 1 wbDUb
✓ M. Zvc kw³ N. wefe kw³ M. kw³ N. ¶gZv
12| b`x‡Z euva w`‡q Rjwe`y¨r
3| ¶gZvi gvÎv mgxKiY †Kvb&wU?
Drcv`‡bi mgq mwÂZ Rj ivwk‡Z
[wm.†ev. 2004; h.†ev. 2004; 2002;
†Kvb& kw³ Rgv _v‡K? (P.†ev.
iv.†ev. 2000; P.†ev. 2005; 2003]
2006; Kz.†ev. 2003)
✓ K. [p] = ML2 T−3] L. [p] = [ML3T−2] A_ev, Rjwe`y¨r Drcv`‡b e¨eüZ nq?
M. [p] = [ML−1T3] N. [p] = [ML3T−1] [e.†ev. Õ04; h.†ev. Õ01; Õ03]
4| GKK f‡ii GKwU e¯‘i †eM GK ✓ K. w¯’wZkw³ ev wefe kw³
GKK n‡j H e¯‘i MwZkw³i L. MwZ kw³
cwigvc KZ n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2002) M. kã kw³ N. Pz¤^K kw³
13| 100N ej cÖ‡qvM K‡i GKwU e¯‘‡K
✓ K. GKK L. 1 GKK
e‡ji w`‡K 5m miv‡bv n‡jv?
M. 2 GKK N. 3 GKK Kv‡Ri cwigvY KZ? (Xv.†ev. 2006)
5| Kv‡Ri gvÎv †KvbwU? K. 2 × 103J ✓ L. 5 × 102J
(iv.†ev. 2002; h.†ev. Õ99) M. 5 × 10 J
3
N. 5 × 10−2J
K. MLT−2 L. ML−2T2 14| mh© †_‡K cÖvß kw³‡K wK
✓ M. ML2T−2 N. MLT2 e‡j?
6| †Kvb e¯‘i †eM V Ges MwZkw³ ✓ K. †mŠikw³ L. kã kw³
EK n‡j, †Kvb m¤•K©wU mwVK? M. Zvc kw³ N. Av‡jvK kw³
(Kz.†ev. Õ99) 15| kw³i †¶‡Î †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨?
K. Ek ∝ L. Ek ∝ ✓ K. kw³i m„wó ev webvk †bB
✓ M. Ek ∝ v2 N. Ek ∝
L. kw³i iƒcvši NUv‡bv hvq
7| †Kvb& ivwk hyM‡ji GKK I gvÎv
M. kw³ m„wó Kiv hvq
Awfbœ bq? (Xv.†ev. 2005)
N. kw³ aŸsm Kiv hvq
K. ej I IRb L. Z¡iY I g›`b
16| 5kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘‡K f‚c„ô †_‡K
M. kw³ I ¶gZv ✓ N. `ª“wZ I †eM
20m D”PZvq Zzj‡j Gi wefve kw³
8| e¯‘i †eM wظY n‡j MwZkw³ KZ
KZ n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2006;
n‡e?
P.†ev. 2002)
K. AvU ¸Y L. wظY (e.†ev.
K. 98J ✓ L. 980J
2002)
M. 490J N. 49J
✓ M. Pvi¸Y N. Qq ¸Y
17| †Kvb MwZkxj e¯‘ Zvi MwZi Rb¨
9| cÖhy³ ej I e‡ji Awfgy‡L e¯‘i
KvR Kivi †h mvg_©¨ jvf K‡i
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 141

Zv‡K wK e‡j? 26| 1 wK‡jvIqvU NÈv = KZ Ryj?

✓ K. MwZkw³ L. w¯’wZkw³ (iv.†ev. 2004; 2006; Kz.†ev. wm.†ev.
M. Zvc kw³ N. Av‡jvK kw³ 2005;P.†ev. 2002)
18| GK wK‡jvIqvU ¶gZv m¤•bœ ✓ K. 3.6 × 106J L. 3.6 × 103J
†Kvb hš GK NÈv KvR Ki‡j †h M. 3.6 × 104J N. 3.6 × 102J
kw³ e¨q nq Zv‡K wK e‡j? 27| wb‡æi †Kvb ivwk hyM‡ji gvÎv I
✓ K. GK wK‡jvIqvU NÈv GKK Awfbœ?
(Xv.†ev. 2002; h.†ev. 2002; iv.†ev. 2004)
L. GK NÈvq GK nvRvi IqvU
K. Zvc I ZvcgvÎv L. †eM I Z¡iY
M. G‡K wK‡jvIqvU ¶gZvm¤•bœ
✓ M. KvR I kw³ N. we`y¨r wefe I
N. †Kvb hš GK wK‡jvIqvU KvR cÖvej¨
Ki‡j 28| wK‡jvIqvU NÈv (kwh) wK‡mi
19| MwZkw³i MvwYwZK iƒc GKK?
†KvbwU? K. e‡ji GKK L. ¶gZvi GKK
A_ev, wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i ✓ M. kw³i GKK N. IR‡bi GKK
MwZkw³i †¶‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? 29| m f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘ v †e‡M Pj‡Z
(Xv.†ev. 2006; 2004; Kz.†ev. _vK‡j Zvi MwZ kw³ wb‡Pi
2001) †KvbwU?
✓ K. Ek = mv2 L. Ep = mgh K. 2mv2 L.
M. p = N. w = Fx ✓ M. N. 2m2v2
20| wbw`©ó f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i †eM 30| GKwU w¯•ªs Nwo wK kw³
e„w× †c‡q wظY n‡j MwZkw³ Øviv PvwjZ nq?
e„w× cv‡eÑ (h.†ev. 2002) K. hvwšK kw³ ✓ L.
K. 2 ¸Y ✓ L. 4 ¸Y w¯’wZkw³
N. ¸Y N. ¸Y M. MwZkw³ N. ivmvqwbK kw³
21| wefe kw³i MvwYwZK iƒc 31| f‚c„ô †_‡K GKwU e¯‘‡K Dc‡i
†KvbwU? †Zvjv n‡j e¯‘i g‡a¨ wKiƒc kw³
A_ev, w¯’wZ kw³i MvwYwZK iƒc mwÂZ n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2002)
†Kvb&wU? ✓ K. wefekw³ L. MwZkw³
✓ K. Ep = mgh L. Ek = mv2 M. hvwšK kw³ N. Zvckw³
M. P = N. w = Fs cosθ 32| e¯‘i MwZkw³ †Kvb&wUi Ici
22| m f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘ h D”PZvq _vK‡j wbf©i K‡i? (Kz.†ev. 2005)
Zvi wefe kw³ wb‡Pi †KvbwU? K. fi I e‡ji Ici
✓ K. mgh L. mg L. †eM I e‡ji Ici
M. mh N. gh
23| †KvbwU ¶gZvi GKK? ✓ M. fi I †e‡Mi Ici
(e. †ev. 2002) N. fi †eM I e‡ji Ici
K. Ryj L. wbDUb 33| †Kvb e¨w³ t †m‡KÛ mg‡q w Ryj
✓ M. IqvU N. cvDÛvj KvR Ki‡j H e¨w³i ¶gZv KZ?
24| lkw = KZ MW? ✓ K. IqvU L. w-t IqvU
K. 102MW ✓ L. 103MW M. wt IqvU N. w-1 IqvU
M. 104MW N. 105MW 34| †Kvb&wU FYvÍK KvR?
25| kw³ wK ivwk? (P.†ev. 2003)
K. †gŠwjK ivwk L. †¯‹jvi ivwk ✓ K. jvd w`‡q †Nvovi wc‡V DVv
M. †f±i ivwk N. mgq wbf©i L. †ij jvBb w`‡q †mvRv †nu‡U
hvIqv
ivwk
142 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb

M. MvQ †_‡K bvgv M. kã kw³ N. hvwšK kw³

N. Mvwo‡Z ågY Kiv| 43| 5kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘‡K f‚c„ô
35| †Kvb wbw`©ó w`‡K e¯‘i †_‡K 60m D”PZvq Zzj‡j Gi wefe
`ª“wZ‡K wK e‡j?
K. g›`b ✓ L. †eM (Kz.†ev. kw³ KZ? [Kz.†ev. 2006]
2003) K. 1470J L. 1470N
M. Z¡iY N. miY ✓ M. 2940J N. 2940N
36| 1260 J MwZkw³ wewkó †Kvb 44| 70kg f‡ii GKRb †`Šowe‡`i
†`uŠowe‡`i †eM 6ms−1 n‡j Zvi fi MwZkw³ 1260J n‡j Zvi †eM KZ
KZ ? (Kz.†ev. 2003)
K. 50 kg L. 60 kg n‡e? [Xv.†ev. 2005;
✓ M. 70 kg N. 120 Kg wm.†ev. 2006]
37| wefe kw³ mgvb †KvbwU? K. − 18ms−1 L. 18ms−1
(wm.†ev. 2003)
K. e¯‘i fi × D”PZv ✓ M. 6ms−1 N. −6ms−1
L.
✓ M. e¯‘i IRb × D”PZv
N.
38| MwZkw³ 9¸Y n‡j e¯‘i †eM KZ
n‡e?
(wm.†ev. 2005; iv.†ev. 2003)
K. 2 ¸Y ✓ L. 3 ¸Y
M. 4 ¸Y N. 5 ¸Y
39| GB gnvwe‡k¦ bvbviƒ‡c
weiwRZ kw³i KqwU iƒc Avgiv
ch©‡e¶Y Kwi?
(h.†ev. 2003)
K. QqwU L. `kwU
M. AvUwU ✓ N. bqwU|
40| 100kg f‡ii GKwU 10ms−1 †e‡M Pj‡Z
_vK‡j Gi MwZkw³ KZ n‡e?
[Xv.†ev. 2006]
K. 5 × 10J L. 5 × 102J
✓ M. 5 × 103J N. 5 × 104J
41| 1500N ej cÖ‡qv‡M †Kvb e¯‘i
e‡ji w`‡K miY 70m n‡j K…Z
Kv‡Ri cwigvb KZ? [Xv.†ev. 2006]
K. 10.5 × 105J ✓ L. 10.5 × 104J
M. 10.5 × 103J N. 10.5 × 102J
42| d‡UvMÖvwdK KvM‡Ri Dci
Av‡jvi wµqvi d‡j Av‡jvKkw³
†Kvb kw³‡Z iƒcvšwiZ nq?
[h.†ev. 2006]
K. Zwor kw³ ✓ L. ivmvqwbK kw³
 KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 143

45| 6kg f‡ii e¯‘i Dci 10N ej cÖ‡qvM 50| wXj Quy‡o Avg cvovi mgq
Kivq e‡ji w`‡K e¯‘i miY 6m n‡j wX‡ji †Kvb& kw³ Avg‡K
K…Z Kv‡Ri cwigvY KZ? e„šPz¨Z K‡i?
(iv.†ev. 2006; h.†ev. 2005) [h.†ev. 2004]
K. 36 Ryj L. 360 Ryj K. wefb kw³ ✓ L. MwZkw³
✓ M. 60 Ryj N. 90 Ryj M. ivmvqwbK kw³ N.
46| GKwU eB †Uwe‡ji Dci †_‡K Zvckw³
gvwU‡Z †d‡j †`qv nj| GwU 51| 70 kg f‡ii GKRb †jvK 6ms−1
†Kvb ai‡bi Kv‡Ri D`vniY? †e‡M Pj‡j Zvui MwZkw³ KZ
[Kz.†ev. 2005] n‡e? [P.‡ev. 2004; ev.†ev.
K. FYvÍK KvR✓ L. abvÍK KvR 2006]
M. gnvKl©R KvR N. K. 4900J L. 420J
AwfKl©R KvR M. 2520J ✓ N. 1260J
47| 20N ej e¯‘i Dci wµqv Kivq 52| 70 kg f‡ii GK e¨w³ 2000 m
e¯‘wU e‡ji w`‡Ki mv‡_ 600 †KvY DuPz ce©Z Av‡ivnY Ki‡jb,
K‡i 5m mi‡j Kv‡Ri cwigvY KZ? wZwb KZ KvR Ki‡jb? (g = 9.8 ms
[P.†ev. 2005] −2)
K. 20J L. 100J [P.†ev. 2004; ewi.†ev. 2005]
✓ M. 50J N. 10J ✓ K. 1.372 × 106 J L. 1.4 × 104 J
48| Kg©`¶Zvi cÖZxK †KvbwU? M. 1.372 × 104 J N. 1.4 × 106 J
[ewi.†ev. 2005] 53| f‚-c„ô †_‡K †Kvb e¯‘‡K hw`
✓ K. η L. β c„w_exi †K‡›`ª wb‡q hvIqv nq
M. γ N. α Z‡e H e¯‘i IR‡bi wK cwieZ©b
49| 5 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘‡K f‚-c„‡ô n‡e?
n‡Z 30m D”PZvq Zzj‡j Gi wefe [ev.†ev. 2004]
kw³ KZ n‡e? g = 9.8 ms−2 K. e¯‘i IRb mvgvb¨ K‡g hv‡e
[Xv.†ev. 2004; iv.†ev. 2005] L. e¯‘i IRb cwiewZ©Z _vK‡e
✓ K. 1470J L. 1740J ✓ M. e¯‘i IRb kb¨ n‡e
M. 1047J N. 4170J N. e¯‘i IRb e„w× cv‡e