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2008-2009
Cerebrum, brainstem: infects many cells including
Meningoencpehalitis, necrotizing, lymphoid, resides in a
cysts have a thin outer wall containing
1.1 1 Elephant seal Toxoplasma gondii histiocytic, multifocal mild with parasitophorus vacuole which
numerous bradyzoites
lymphoplasmacytic perivascular protects it from the host
cuffing and few protozoal cysts response
extensions of the
lining cells- multinulceate, or
Alae-winglike hypodermis into the coelomyarian/polymyarian: extend Females have two tracts, Males have
uninucleate, pigmented from
extensions pseudocoelom are called into body cavity/ numerous/ tall one
digested blood or bile
lateral chords
Platymyarian/meromyarian:
Some produce eggs others larvae
flattened against the hypodermis
Hemoproteus
Leukocytozoon Birds
Plasmodium
Cytauxzoon felis
Babesia cati Cats
Babesia felis
Anaplasma marginale
Anaplasma centrale
Babesia bovis Cattle
Intraerythrocytic
Babesia bigemina
Theileria mutans
Theileria annulata
Theileria cervi Deer Elk
Babesia canis
Dogs
Dogs
Babesia gibsoni
Babesia equi
Horses
babesia caballi
Babesia ovis
Sheep
Babesia motasi
Mycoplasma hemofelis
Cats
(hemobartonella)
Epicellular (on membrane surface Mycoplasma hemocanis
Dogs
of erythrocytes) (Hemobartonella)
Mycoplasma hemosuis
Pigs
(Eperythrozoon suis)
Eperythrozoon weyoni Cattle
Eperythrozoon sp Llamas
Dipetalonema reconditum Dogs
Dirofilaria immitis Dogs/cats
Setaria Horses
Trypanosoma theileri Cattle
Trypanosoma congolese
Extracellular parasites Trypansoma vivax dogs
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma brucei
Horses
Trypansoma evansi
Colon: Colitis, fibrinonecrotic, Sheep- Epsilon toxin binds to Goats-Type D- Peracute deathm
Clostridium perfringens multifocal to coalescing with endothelial cells leading to acute diarrhea, chronic- Distal small
11.3 43 Goat
Type D hemorrhagic and superfiical cocci FSE, and bind to distal tubules intestine and cecum, colon, with
and bacilli leading to pulpy kidney fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis
Tongue: Glossitis,
pyogranulomatous, multifocal to
12.1 45 Ox Actinobacillus lignierisii coalescing, severe with Splendore
Hoepli material, fibrosis, myocyte
degeneration, necrosis and loss
Spinal cord: Poliomyelitis and
ganglioneuritis, non-suppuratove,
Some strains associated with female
multifocal marked with neuronal Ventral horn of spinal cord,
Porcine Teschovirus reproductive disorders, enteric
12.2 46 Pig degeneration and necrosis, brain stem, ganglion cells of
(PTV) disease, pneumonia, pericarditis, and
neuronophagia, gliosis, spinal ganglion
myocarditis
astrocytosis, satellitosis and
spheroids
Porcine Hemagglutinating
Pseudoreabies (suid encephalitis (coronavirus)- Classical Swine Fever (pestivirus)-
Herpesvirus1)- non-suppurative Neurological disease (4-7 day- vascular lesions- hemorrhage,
encephalitis of gray matter, old pigs/ vomiting and wasting infarction, necrosis and DIC- gray and
neuronal necrosis, and (4-14 days)- Non-suppurative white matter of medulla, pons, and
ganglioneuritis, INIB, cerberal encephalomyelitis in medulla, thalamus, endothelial swelling and
cortex mostly with other tissues- brain stem, and trigeminal, proliferation, perivascular lymphocytic
adrenal gland,s liver, tonsils, paravertebral and autonomic cuffing, hemorrhage, thrombosis and
spleen, lung ganglia and gastric myenteric gliosis, and neuronal degeneration
plexus
Nipah virus (Paramyxovirus)-
Encephalitis and pneumonia-
necrotizing vasculitis and
Porcine rubulavirus
fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles,
encephalomyelitis
venules, and capillaries, with
(Paramyxovirus)- Poli-
endothelial syncytia, ICIB,
Encephalomyelitis, reproductive
bronchointerstitial pneumonia,
failure and corneal edema,
necrotizing bronchiolitis,
anterior uveitis, epididymitis,
lymphocytic neutrophilic
orchitis, and interstitial pneumonia
meningitis, and non-
suppurative encephalitis and
gliosis
Cecum: Typhlitis, necrotizing and
pyogranulomatous, diffuse,
severe, with vasculitis, fibrin,
12.3 47 Cat Candida albicans
hemorrhage, edema, and
intralesional hyphae and
pseudohyphae and rare INIB
Lymph node: Lymphoid depletion,
diffuse, severe with draining
Feline Parvovirus
hemorrhage, edema and
eosinophilic INIB
Skeletal muscle: Myocyte
degeneration and necrosis,
12.4 48 Ox Clostridium chauvoei multifocal, moderate with
hemorrhage, emphysema and few
intralesional bacteria
reported with co-twin and its
Complete mole= paternal side- XX
Placenta: Cotyledonary own placenta- the absence of
Hydatiform Mole? diploid/ Partial mole = Triploid
hyperplasia with irregular villus any detectable fetal structures
13.1 49 Ox (cotyledonary (fertilization of a haploid ovum either
hypertrophy and trophoblastic suhc as skin distinguishes
hyperplasia) by two sperm or one sperm which
hyperplasia (placental hamartoma) them from the more common
duplicates
amorphous globosus (fetal
diagnosis of hydatiform mole is
Humans- Hydatidorm mole is
questionable: Differentials are
a cystic swelling of chorionic
amorphous globosus, adventitial
villi accompanied by
placentation, and a co twin that
trophoblsatic proliferation
has died
Causes of sperm granulomas-
Epididymis: Epididymitis,
congenital duct anomalies,
13.2 50 sheep Actinobacillus seminis granulomatous, focally extensive
adenomyosis, trauma,
with sperm granuloma
infections
Epididmymis: Epithelial
hyperplasia, multifocal, moderate
Late gestational (>50 days)
Testicle: Orchitis, abortions, placental necrosis
lymphohistiocytic, chronic, diffuse, of chorionic villi, with B canis and B suis lack surface
13.3 51 Dog Brucella canis severe with marked seminiferous intratrophoblastic bacteria: antigens that test for M melitensis and
tubular atrophy and loss and fetal lesions include B abortus
interstitial cell hyperplasia pneumonia, endocarditis, and
hepatitis
Epididmyis: Epididymitis,
lymphohistiocytic, chronic with
epithelial hyperplasia
Aphasmids- stichosomes
(basophilic structures around
esophagus). Stichocytes are
Proventriculus: Proventriculitis, esophageal gland cells.
examples - Trichuris, Eustrongyloides,
16.2 62 Blue Heron Eustrongyloides granulomatous, multifocal, Aphasmids have a bacillary
Diocyophyma, and Capillaria
moderate with nematodes band of nuclei in the
hypodermis- Adult females
have one genital tract, with
eggs having bipolar plugs
Placenta, allantochorion:
C cellulans- Gram Pos,
Placentitis, necrotizing, subacute, fetal lesions- pyogranulomatous
Cellulosimicrobium branching, motile, oxidase
17.3 67 Horse diffuse, moderate, with squamous pneumonia/ not seen in nocardiosis/
cellulans negative, catalase positive,
metaplasia, fibrin, edema, and DDx Crossiella equi placentitis
non-acid fast bacilli
large colonies of coccobacilli
Proventriculus: Proventriculitis,
proliferative and heterophilic,
18.2 70 Northern Bobwhite Dispharynx nasuta
diffuse, marked with glandular
ectasia and adult spirurids
Small intestine: enteritis, Passeriformes only- Loss of appetite, weight loss, diarrhea, loss of
lymphoblastic, transmural, with balance. Atoxoplasma resembles toxoplasma but is not toxoplasma.
crypt loss, intraleukocytic Atoxoplasma and Isospora occysts contain two sporocysts each
18.3 71 House Sparrow Atoxoplasma
apicomplexan merozoites, and having four sporozoites. Typical coccidian lifecycle, but Atoxoplasma
intraepithelial gamonts, and sporozoites and merozoites can infect mononucleated cells and enter
schizonts ciruclation and induce a lympoproliferative response.
Oligodendroglioma, Cerebrum: Oligodendroglioma, Anaplastic = cellulariy, necrosis, high MI, proloiferation of glomeruloid
20.2 78 Dog
anaplastic anaplastic blood vessels
Cervical spinal cord, meninges: Meningiomas are derived from ddx: Chordoma, myxoid
Meningioma, chordoid
20.4 80 Dog Meningiona, chordoid (myxoid) the meningothelial cells of the chondrosarcoma, metastatic
(myxoid)
variant arachnoid membrane carcinoma
this was incidental lesion-
Chondrocyte coagulation
necrosis in both a focus of
osteochondrosis latens
(confined to epiphyseal
Bone: Focal chondronecrosis and cartilage) and
retention (delayed endochondral osteochondrosis manifesta-
ossification) of growth cartilage- hypothesized secondary to OC Manifesta (delayed endochondral
21.1 81 Horse Osteochondrosis Articular epiphyseal complex ischemia. Possibly secondary ossification seen grossly and on
dysplasia, chronic with to vascular necrosis in radiographs) are known to resolve
osteonecrosis, and infraction and cartilage canals. Cartilage
marrow fibrosis cores in the deep margin of
the retained cartilage indicate
that cartilage mineralization
and vascular invasion is taking
place (doesnt happen in OC
manifesta)
Type II- Inherited defect in the Vitamin
Bone: Failure of endochrondral Type I- inherited deficiency of D receptor or a site distal to it.
Vitamin D resistant ossification- Physeal dysplasia renal 1-hydroxylase enzyme-- Reported in cats- No response to high
21.2 82 Dog
rickets Type II with disordered chondrocyte > responds to large doses of dose Vit D or calcium
colomns and marrow fibrosis Vit D supplementation, cats became normal
after physeal closure
In cats OP has been linked to Vit D
toxicosis and FeLV/ Cattle with
inherited OP--> Brachygnathia
inferior, impacted molars, protruding
Normal or increased numbers
Bone: Osteosclerosis, diffuse, tongue, shorter long bones, brittle
of osteoclasts, OC do not
21.3 83 Ox Osteopetrosis severe with retention of cartilage bones, short vertebrae, frontal and
have a ruffled border
cores parietal bones are thick, cerebral
suggesting a functional defect
hemispheres are rectangular with
flattened dorsal surfaces, and the
cerebellum is partially herniated
andoptic nerves are hypoplastic
Canine panosteitis- Idiopathic
Bone: Intramedullary bone
21.4 84 Horse Enostosis periosteal and endosteal bone
formation (enostosis)
proliferation
Brain, cerebrum:
Meningoencephalitis, eosinophilic
22.1 85 Pig Salt Toxicity
acute, multifocal moderate with
neuronal necrosis
Brain, thalamus:
Inclusion bodies (Joest-Degen
Meningoencephalitis, lymphocytic,
Borna disease virus bodies) are intranuclear and ddx: WNV, JE, St Louis Enceph,
22.2 86 Horse multifocal, moderate- Few
(BDV) rarely in the cytoplasm, found WEE, EEE, VEE
inclusions in the hippocampus
more in the hippocampus
(INIB)
Brain, cerebrum: Intravascular
Canine IVL is also known as
22.3 87 Dog intravascular lymphoma lymphoma with fibrin thrombi and T cells or Non-B NonT cells
Malignant angioendotheliomatosis
multifocal infarcts
Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma-
Neoplasms composed of only
Both dental epithelial tissues and Dentinoma- Odontoblasts
epithelium without hard tissue are
mesenchymal tissues (pulp), producing a calcified dentin
Ameloblastomas. Odontomas are
that are associated with enamel tissue with no enamel
categorized below
and dentin
Papillary serous
Ovary: Papillary serous
10 37 Macaque cystadenocarcinoma;
cystadenocarcinoma;
granulosa cell tumor
Intracellular round-to-
elongate gametocyte,
that causes the host Megaloschizonts and schizonts in Usually minimal host
cell (usually immature various organs, including liver, response; sometimes
Histo erythrocytes) to enlarge brain, heart, spleen, kidney, associated with
and appear to have two gizzard, and occasionally feather lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates
nuclei (marginalized pulp and multifocal necrosis
host nucleus and
parasite nucleus)
Schizogeny (merogeny)
within visceral
endothelial cells- form Gametocytes develop in
Haemoproteus
very lare pale circulating erythrocytes
basophilic cysttic
structures (400um)
Primary or Secondary
Disease- due to cholelithiasis,
Liver: cholangiohepatitis, chronic- duodenal inflammation, Suppurative cholangiohepatitis- most
active, diffuse, severe, with bile intestinal obstruction, common with cholelithiasis
20 77 Horse Cholangiohepatitis
duct hyperplasia with bridging neoplasia, parasitism, and (ascending infections)- E coli,
fibrosis and cholestasis certain toxins, such as Salmonella, Aeomonas, Citrobacter
pyrrolizidine, alkaloid and
alsike clover
Adrenal gland:
78 Tamarin Pheochromocytoma most often non-funtional
Pheochromocytoma
Urinary bladder: Cystitis,
necrohemorrhagic, transmural, Human- C diphtheriae/ Bovine- sheep- ulcerative posthitis- C renale,
79 Macaque Corynebacterium
diffuse, severe, with fibrin, edema, C renale and cystiditis Rhodococcus equi, C hofmanni
and large colonies of bacilli
Glabrous skin: Dermatitis, Typical - pustules- face,
vesiculopustular, focally hands, feet, mucous other orthopoxvirus- variola
Monkeypox virus
80 Macaque extensive, marked, with membranes, pharynx, larynx, (smallpox), vaccinia (smalpox
(orthopox)
acanthosis, and balooning trachea, lung, spleen, lymph vaccine), cowpox
degeneration nodes
Haired skin: Dermatitis,
necroulcerative, neutrophilic and
ddx: Herpes simplex type 1 and 2
eosinophilic, focally extensive with
balooning degeneration
Tongue: Glossitis,
necroulcerative, neutrohilic and
eosinophilic, multifocal, marked,
with balooning degeneration and
intralesional cocci
Lung, artery: Pulmonary
arteriopathy characterized by
Pulmonary Mean pulmonary arterial secondary - increased left atrial
subintimal and medial
21 81 Dog hypertensive pressure > 25 mmHg (rest), pressure or increased pulmonary
hypertrophy, intimal fibrosis, and
arteriopathy and >30 mmHg (Active) vascular resistance
cellular thickening, plexiform
lesions, and arteritis
Mycoplasma species
Mycoplasma bovis Mastitis, arthritis, pneumonia cattle
contagious Bovine
M. mycoides mycoides SC type Cattle
Pleuropneumonia
Pneumonia, arthritis, mastitis,
M. mycoides mycoides LC type goats, sheep
septicemia
Mycoplasma capricolum ssp contagious caprine
goats
capripnuemoniae pleuropneumonia
Mastitis (contagious
Mycoplasma agalactiae agalactia), arthritis, Goats sheep
pneumonia
Mycoplasma capricolum ssp Septicemia, mastitis,
Goats, sheep
capricolum polyarthritis, pneumonia
Septicemia,
Mycoplasma mycoides ssp capri pleuropneumonia, arthritis, goats
mastitis
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Enzootic pneumonia of swine pigs
Pneumonia, arthritis,
Mycoplasma hyorhinis pigs
polyserositis
Mycoplasma hyosynoviae Polyarthritis pigs
Brain, cerebrum:
Meningoencephalitis, necrotizing,
58 cat Phaeohyphomycosis
pyogranulomatous with fibrinoid
vasculitis and dematiaceous fungi
Histo: Epithelial- grlandular,
normal tubules, glomeruloid
structures lacking capillaries/
Thoracolumbar spinal spinal cord and dura mater: Mesenchymal component-
59 Dog cord tumor of young thoracolumbar spinal cord tumor lobules or streams, fibrous,
dogs/ Nephroblastoma of young dogs mucoid, adipose, muscle,
cartilage, bone/ Blastemal
cells- clumnps or dispersed
between
Brain, cerebellum: Neuronal and
Mucopolysaccharidosis axonal degeneration with
60 Dog IIIA (Sanfilippo spongiosis, spheroids, and sulphatase deficiency
sundrome) neuronal cytoplasmic eosinophilic
granular material
16 61 Rat Cholangiocarcinoma liver: cholangiocarcinoma
Lung: Pleuropneumonia,
62 Pig Haemophilus parasuis fibrinohemorrhagic and
suppurative
Heart: Pulmonary artery:
Endocarditis, valvulitis, and Strep suis type II- also causes
63 Pig Streptococcus suis arteritis, fibrinosuppurative and meningitis, polyserositis,
granulomatous with mineralization arthritis, and pneumonia
and gram positive cocci
Kidney: vasculitis and
perivasculitis,
Malignant catarrhal lymphohistiocyticwith intimal and
64 Goat
fever (OHV-2, CpHV-2) medial fibrinoid necrosis,
hemorrhage, and a few fibrin
thrombi
17 65 Rat chordoma Tail: chordoma
spinal cord: vasculitis,
Thrombotic
leukocytoclastic, multifocal with
66 Ox meningoencephalitis
thrombosis, axonal degeneration
(Histophilus somni)
and gram pos bacteria
Actually its liver with an extrahepatic
Ectopic from bile ducts
67 Ferret Cysts, multiple Adrenal gland : cysts,multiple cyst surrounded by granulomatous
(ectopic hepatic tissues)
inflammation
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
membranoproliferative, global,
Membranoproliferative diffuse, tubular degeneration,
68 Macaque
glomerulonephritis regeneration, protein casts,
lymphoplasmacytic interstitial
nephritis
Immune complex glomerulonephritis
Horses EIA
Strep sp
Cattle BVD
Trypanosomiasis
Hereditary
Sheep hypocomplementemia in
Finnish Landrace lambs
Pigs CSF
ASF
Dogs Infectious Canine Hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis
Chronic bacterial dz
Endometritis (pyometra)
Pyoderma
Prostatitis
Dirofilariasis
Borreliosis
SLE
Polyarteritis
IMHA
IM poly arthritis
Mastocytoma
Hereditary C3 deficiency
Leishmaniasis
Cats Feline leukemia virus infection
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
FIV
Progressive polyarthritis
Neoplasia
Progressive membranous
glomerulonephritis
Mink Aleutian dz
well demarctaed,
intraventricular, expands the
third ventricle, mesencephalic
aqueduct, and 4th ventricle,
well vascularized, sheets,
Brain- hippocampus: clusters, fascicles, indistinct
78 Dog Ependymoma perivascular clearing
Ependymoma cell borders, fibrillar
eosinophilic cytoplasm,
Pseudorosettes are common,
foci of necrosis with peripheral
palisades of neoplastic cells,
perivascular lymphocytes
Canine laryngeal
rhabdomyoma and
Laryngeal skeletal muscle: rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare
7 Dog Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma distinct entity, most are
histologically benign bu may
cause respiratory obstruction
possibel hepatic
8 Cat Spongioform change Brain- spongioform change
encephalopathy
Liver: Vacuolar degeneration and
Necrosis
portal venous hypoplasia and
Degeneration
arteriolar duplication
Lung: Bronchitis and bronchiolitis
Orthopoxvirus: Ectromelia,
with epithelial balooning susceptible strains: C3H, A, DBA,
3 9 Mouse Ectromelia vaccina, variola, monkeypox,
degeneration and eosinophilic SWR, BALB/c
cowpox,
intracytoplasmic inlcusions
Tansy mustard
Brain: Laminar cortical necrosis Sulfur accumulating plants-->
19 Ox (Descurainia pinnata)
with gliosis Thiamine deficiency
toxicosis
Chorioallantois: Placentitis,
20 Dog Brucella canis necrotizing with intratrophoblastic
coccobacilli
Lymph node and tonsil: Lymphoid
depletion with sinus histiocytosis
6 21 Pig Porcine circovirus-2
and draining neutrophilia, with
intrahistiocytic botryoid inclusions
27 Mouse Leukemia Liver: Myeloid leukemia BXH-2 Mouse good review of leukemias
Liver: Necrosis, centrilobular and
28 Dog Heatstroke
midzonal
Lip: Cheilitis, ulcerative with
epithelial syncytia, and Most likely Herpes simplex
8 29 Macaque Alphaherpesvirus
amphophilic to eosinophilic virus
intranuclear inclusions
Lung: Bronchiolitis,
lymphoplasmacytic with
PCD: 50% have situs inversus
Primary Ciliary bronchiolectasis and bronchiolar
30 Dog or communicating
Dyskinesis epithelial hyperplasia, vascular
hydrocephalus
smooth muscle hypertrophy, and
interstitial fibrosis
Mammary glands:
31 Rat Adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Kidney: Tubular necrosis with
32 Macaque Tenofovir toxicosis regeneration; Glomerular capillary Antiretroviral drug
thrombosis
Uterus, endometrium:
sings of late pregnancy /early
Pseudocyesis; Cystic Hyperplasia, labyrinthine, the bitch has a long diestrus period
lactation in the absence of a
86 Dog endometrial segmental, marked, with and functional CL regardless of
conceptus is a
hyperplasia mucometra, periluminal necrosis pregnancy
pseudpregnancy
and mineralization
Cytotrophoblasts are small,
undifferentiated stem cells,
Syncytiotrophoblasts are Intermediate trophoblasts are
Placental site Uterus: Ovary: Placental site
87 Macaque terminally differentiated morphologically intermediate but no
trophoblastic tumor trophoblastic tumor
multinucleated cells producing multinucleated cells.
placental hormones and gas
exchange
PSTT: neoplasm of intermediate Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor-
Choriocarcinoma- biphasic population
trophoblast cells- occurs at monomorphic intermediate
of cytotrophoblsats and
endometrial implantation site trophoblast cells resembling
syncytiotrophoblasts
suring pregnancy chorionic laeve
Juvenile granulosa cell tumor: Yolk sac tumors: Malignant germ cell tumors in ovary and testicle,
Solid with multifocal follcles and and recapitulate different developmental stages in the normal yolk
variable thecomatous sac. Patterns range from nests and chords and papillary structures,
differentiation with abundant to a reticular or microcystic pattern. Cytoplasm is clear with lipid or
eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm glycogen
Allantochorion: Placentitis,
necrohemorrhagic with
88 Horse Aspergillus sp
pseudomembrane, squamous
metaplasia and fungal hyphae
Lepromatous leprosy
(malignant disease) results
Skin and subcutis: dermatitis and
from a lack of T cell immunity- Antigen antibody complexes (from IL-
Mycobacterium panniculitis, pyogranulomatous
23 89 Macaque Lacking effective CD4+ TH1 4) may result in vasculitis,
leprae with granulomatous neuritis, focal
cells, but many CD8+ glomerulonephritis.
ulceration
Suppressor TH2 cells which
secrete IL-10, IL-4, and IL-5
Tuberculoid leprosy (benign
disease) is characterized by
granuloma formation with few
mycobacteria- Numerous
CD4+ TH1 T cells secrete IL-2
and IFN-gamma
Haired skin and subcutis: Sparagnosis- plerocercoid larvae (sparagna) of Spirometra spp-
Granulomas, eosinophilic with Outer tegument surrounding a solid but loose mesenchyme stroma
90 Baboon Spirometra sp
nercosis hemorrhage and larval with calcareous corpuscles, excretory ducts, skeletal muscle
cestodes bundles, and no digestive tract
Type II (antibody-mediated)
hypersensitivity- cell surface Type IV (cell mediated)
antigens (HLA in transplants)- hypersensitivity- 2 mechanisms:
Humoral rejection- in 2 forms- CD8+ cytotoxicity, and CD4 TH1
Hyperacute (preformed delayed hypersensitivty. Direct
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
antibodies to donor HLA), and pathway- CD8+ TCR recognize HLA
mesangioproliferative, global,
Acute (not previously on MHC 1(donor self ag) on Donor
Renal allograft diffuse, with lymphoplasmacytic
22 Macaque sensitized)- Hyperacute APC's or CD4+ cells recognize
rejection interstitial nephritis and arteritis
occurs immediately with antigens on Donor APC MHC II and
with intimal fibromuscular
circulating antibodies reacting acitvate macrophages. The Indirect
proliferation
to graft endothelium--> pathway- Recipient APC's take on
Thrombosis and vasculitis. donor Ag, and Expresson MHCII -->
Antibodies activate CD4+--> Cell mediated and humoral
compliment and, ADCC (CD8- immunity (type II).
NK cells-Type IV))
Heart: Myocarditis,
lymphohistiocytic, multifocal, with
Canine Parvovirus-
23 Dog myocyte degeneration and
2
necrosis and basophilic
intranuclear inclusions
Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, otitis
media, exudate in tympanic
Streptococcus Lung: Bronchopneumonia, bullae, fibrinopurulent DDX: Corynebacyerium, Salmonella,
24 Rat
pneumonia necrotizing, suppurative pleuritis, peritonitis, Pseudomonas, Pasteurella
pericarditis, meningitis,
localized bronchopneumonia
Midbrain: Meningoencephalitis,
suppurative with bacterial
diplococci
late term abortions, stillbirths
Porcine
and respiratory disease in
Reproductive and Lung: Pneumonia,
younf pigs- related viruses virus replicates in alveolar
7 25 Pig Respiratory bronchointerstitial, with type II
include Equine Arteritis Virus, macrophages and glial cells
Syndrome pneumocyte hyperplasia
and Simian Hemorrhagic
(Arterivirus)
Fever
Bacteria: Mycoplasma
hyopneumoniae (porcine
enzootic pneumonia),
Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniaw (porcine
Porcine pneumonia: viral- Swine
pleuropneumonia), Parsites: Metastrongylus apri, Ascaris
Inlfuenza, PCV-2, Porcine
Haemophilus parasuis suum.
Respiratory Coronavirus
(Glassers dz), Pasteurella
multocids, Strep suis type II,
Mycobacterium avium, bovis,
and tuberculosis, Salmonella
cholersuis and typhisuis.
Tumorogenesis: Initiation-permanent
DDX: metastatic uterine
DNA mutations -non-lethal
adenocarcinoma. VX2
(irreversible) induced by
carcinoma was established
environmental carcinogens or viruses
from a carcinoma induced in a
(targets include growth promotors,
Stomach: Carcinoma with rabbit by the Shope
26 Rabbit VX2 Carcinoma tumor suppressor genes, and
intravascular emboli Papillomavirus- anaplastic
apoptosis genes, DNA repair genes.
carcinoma compoised of
And Promotion- enhance the
poorly differentiated
proliferation of initiated cells, and may
keratinocytes that do not
predispose to further mutation- do not
keratinize.
affect DNA directly and are reversible
Eight determinants of
malignancy- self-sufficiency of
growth signals, insensitivity to
growth -inhibitory signals,
evasion of apoptosis, defects
in DNA repair, limitless
replicative potential, sustained
angiogenesis, invasion and
metastasis, and evadeing the
immune system.
Cholerasuis-Septicemia,
button ulcers/ Dublin-fibrinous typhimurium- fibrinonecrotic
Tendons: Tenosynovitis, chronic
cholecystitis in Ox and Sheep/ enterocolitis in pigs, horse, ruminants/
active, proliferative
Enteritidis- enterocolitis in septicemia in foals and calves, lambs
sheep and primates, rodents
Calcium deficient- disorganization
Long bone- failure of
Rickets: Birds- Calcium, and thickening of physis with small
endochondral ossification and
phosphorus, Vit D deficiency/ zone of hypertrophy. Bone marrow
39 Heron Rickets retained cartilaginous cores with
as well as excess calcium and often has fibrous tissue and
increased osteoid seams/ fracture
phosphorus osteoclasts are abundant. Parathyroid
w/ callus
gland hyperplasia
Phosphorus deficiency- Large
zone of hypertrophy with
defective mineralization of Vitamin D rickets- lengthening and
hypertrophic cartilage and disorganization of the proliferating
wide unmineralized osteoid zone and variable lenghtening and
seams extending into the dysplasia of the mineralizing zone.
primary spongiosa. The primary spongiosa is short thick
Osteoclasts are reduced, cartilgae columns. Parathyroid gland
ands osteoblasts are hyperplasia.
increased. Often parathyroid
gland atrophy.
Domestic animal rickets- Vit D
Thickening of physis, disorganization,
or Phosphorus deficiency,
failure of mineralization of the
chronic renal disease, or
cartilage and osteoid.
fluorosis
Pathogenesis: Rheumatoid factors
(IgG, IgM), are produced in response
to unknown stimulus. Immune
complexes form with unknown
Paw, bones and joints:
antigens, ingested by neutrophils that
Polyarthritis, Polyarthritis and osteomyelitis with Collagen Induced Arthritis and
release lysosomal enzymes which
osteomyelitis cartilage erosion, subchondral Adjuvant Induced Arthritis=
40 Mouse destroy articular cartilage and reduce
(Rheumatoid pannus, cortical resorption, Models mimicking
proteoglycan production. Loss of
arthritis) periosteal fibroplasia, reactive Rheumatois Arthritis
proteoglycans increases mechanical
bone formation
trauma to cartilage, dying
chondrocytes activate MMP's
(gelatinases, collagenases) result in
digestion of the cartilage.
Leishmania infantum-
Foxhounds in US: Th1-->
IFNy --> activates
DDX: Histoplasma capsulatum,
Macrophages and kills
Sporothrix schenckii,
parasites. Th2 --> IL-4, IL-10
Trypanosoma cruzi (in
and IL-13 which inhibit the
muscle/parallel kinetoplast),
activation of macrophages
Toxoplasma gondii
and stimulate immunoglobin
production which may result in
immune complex deposition
Also causes ulcerative
enteritis. There are virulent
and avirulent strains. Virulent
Rhodococcus equi Lung: Bronchopneumonia, strains have VAP (virulence
(gram Pos pyogranulomatous, multifocal, associated plasmid). Lymphadenitis in swine, sheep, cattle,
54 Foal
facultative severe, with myriad intrahistiocytic Pyogranulomatous llamas, and cats
intracellular) coccobacilli pneumonia often appears with
abscessation, lymphadenitis,
and less commonly
osteomyelitis.
DM1 (type 1- loss of Chloride
channel from membrane
surface due to improper
Skeletal muscle: Myocyte
splicing, leading to Cardiac conduction abnormalities,
degeneration and necrosis,
hyperexcitabliity), and DM2 cataracts, diabetes, testicular failure,
Muscular multifocal, moderate, with
55 Dog (proximal myotonic and hypogammaglobulinemia; Goat
dystrophy regeneration, variation in fiber
myopathy), central nuclei, myotonia- chloride channel reduced
size, satellite cell proliferation, and
angular atrophic fibers, conductance and hyperexcitabliity
endomysial fibrosis
hypertrophic fibers, necrotic
fibers, fibrosis, and deposition
of adipose tissue.
CIC-1 (chloride channel- fainting goat,
miniature schnauzer);; X-linked
Muscular dystrophies-(X-linked, Myotonia- sustained
Duchenne MD (Dystrophin defect-
autosomal MD, and myotonic involuntary contraction of a
dystrophin connects the contractile
dystrophy) group of muscles
proteins to the ECM);; Felines have
duchenne with muscular hypertrophy
Acute BVD Diarrhea: NCP in
immunocompetent 6 months
Rumen: Rumenitis, erosive, CP Transplacental infections-
Bovine Viral to 2 years; Before 100-125
multifocal, subacute, with singel Between 50-100 days (death
56 Ox Diarrhea Virus days (immunotolerance and
cell necrosis, and hydropic abortion), Between 100-150
(Pestivirus) PI); After 150-200 days
degeneration of epithelial cells (congenital defects)
(Immunocompetent, have
antibodies, unthrifty)
DDX: Rinderpest (Morbillivirus)-
Intranuclear/intracytoplasmic
inclusion bodies, syncytia; Malignant
Persistent infections: NCP in utero
catarrhal fever (Herpesviridae-alpha)
(before 125 days) -->
conjunctivitis with corneal edema,
immunotolerance--> CP infection/ Chronic MD--> alopecia and
lymphoblastic necrotizing vasculitis;
mutation in NCP --> erosions of hyperkeratosis (neck), chronic
IBR BHV-1, alpha-epithelial necrosis
oral and nasal mucosa. erosive lesions in mouth and
and INIB; ORAL LESIONS only- FMD
Esophagus, rumen, abomasum, skin, hooves, and horns.
(Picornaviridae-aphthovirus), VS
omasum, cecum, colon,
(Rhabdoviridae, Vesiculovirus),
interdigital cleft
Bluetongue (Reoviridae-Orbivirus);
Bovine Papular stomatitis
(Parapoxvirus); Necrobacillosis-
ddx: Xanthomatous
meningioma- mesoderm and
neural crest contribute to the
formation of the meninges.
Most are meningothelial or
psammomatous and many
AFIP interpreted the lesion in the
Cholesterol Brain, cerebrum, and meninges: have cholesterol depostis.
60 Cat submitted sections as cholesterol
granuloma Cholesterol granuloma The xanthomatous change is
granuloma
often the result of lipid
accumulation in meningeal
cells, rather than by infiltration
by macrophages (lipid laden).
Meningioma cells positive with
S100, PAS, and cytokeratin
ddx: 1) Adenocarcinoma-
cotton top tamarin-colitis -->
adenocarcinoma, 2)
Retroperitoneal fibromatosis-
young animals, aggressive
Speculations on pathogenesis: 1)
proliferation of highly vascular
Regurgitation theory- retrograde
fibrous connective tissue,
menstruation or reflux of endometrial
ileocecal junction, associated
tissue through fallopian tubes, with
with Gammaherpesvirus
subsequent implantation and
(RFHV) and Oncovirus Simian
proliferation of viable endometrial
16 61 Macaque Endometriosis Colon; mesentery: Endometriosis Type D retrovirus (SRV-2)
fragments in abdomen; 2) Metaplastic
which induces both
theory- Endometrial tissue arises
retroperitoneal fibromatosis
directly from coelomic epithelium; 3)
and SAIDS- histologically
Vascular or lymphatic dissemination
there are proliferating
theory- explains presence of lesions
fibroblasts arranged in ill
in the lungs and lymph nodes
defined bundles with
occasionally interweaving
patterns within a disorganized
matrix of collagen and
reticulum fibers.
Secondary:
strictures causing
Most commonly in the pelvic
weight loss, Microscopic lesions- variably sized
cavity, grossly lesions are
resulting from Endometriosis- normal foci of normal uterine glands
soft, red to brown or white
chronic endometrial glands and stroma surrounded by typical endometrial
tissue adherent to the serosa
hemorrhage and occur in abnormal locations stroma, scattered bands of fibrous
of the pelvic organs.
menstruation of outside the uterine cavity. tissue. Require 2 of 3 to be present:
Common sites include
the ectopic (choristoma) 1) endometrial glands, 2) endometrial
ovaries, uterine tubes, urinary
endometrium, with stroma, 3) hemosiderin pigment
bladder, the bowels.
abdominal
adhesions.
Dermis- 0.5 to 1 mm diameter
protozoal cysts within greatly
distended and flattened
fibroblasts (Vim +, SMA -),
cysts have 25um thick hyaline
internal capsule and are
engorged by hundreds of
Haired skin: Dermatitis, chronic Moderate perivascular interstitial
fusiform bradyzoites, 8-9 um
Besnoitia sp active and eosinophilic with lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma
62 Donkey long and 1-2 um wide. There
(besnoitia benneti) moderate intradermal protozoal cells and eosinophils.- Speculated
are variable numbers of
cysts transmitted by biting insects
macrophages around the
intact cysts and larger
numbers of macrophages
mixed with lymphocytes and
lesser numbers of plasma
cells surrounded by ruptures
cysts
Sarcocystidae- Toxoplasma,
Sarcocystis, Neospora,
Hammondia, Cystisospora,
Frenkelia, Atoxoplasma,
Besnoitia
Pathogenesis: M cell invasion/
attachment to mucosal epithelial cells-
-> phagocytosis --> hemolysin -->
release of organism into cytoplasm --
Shigella- gram negative, non-
> migrate along actin filaments//
motile, aerobic, facultative
Shigella sp- Shiga toxin release during host cell
Colon: colitis, necrotizing, anaerobic bacilli in
African Green flexneri, lysis--> stops host cell protein
63 subacute with fibrinohemorrhagic Enterobacteriaciae. Non-
Monkey dysenteriae, synthesis (inactivate the 60S
pseudomembrane enteric Shigella infections-
boydii, sonnei ribosomal subunit- similar to Ricin
gingivitis, air sacculitis, and
toxin). Toxins can also induce
abortion
apoptosis, LPS mediated release of
IL-1, TNF a, leading to vascular
damage leasing to renal failure
(Hemolytic uremic syndrome)
Ochroconis Kidney and liver: Fubgal hyphae are 2-4 um,
gallopava- Pyogranulomatous nephritis and septate, non-parallel, acute
64 Dog
phaeohyphomyco hepatitis with necrosis, and and dichotomous branching,
sis vasculitis and dematiaceous fungi and yeastlike swellings
Rhipicephalus sanguineous-->
E canis --> monocytes,
lymphocytes, and neutrophils--
> endothelial invasion -->
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis, vasculitis--> chronic infection --
membranous, global with > pancytopenia, plasma cells German Shepherd--> severe
65 Ehrlichia canis
multifcoal plasmacytic interstitial within bone marrow/ Other hemorrhagic disorder
nephritis conditions: Perivascular
plasma cells, non-suppurative
meningoencephalitis,
interstitial pneumonia,
glomerulonephritis
IC necrotizing placentitis
C= less affected IC= thick with gram negative Inconsistent; lymphocytic
Coxiella burnetti
yellow with exudate rickettsial organisms within infiltrates in lungs, kidneys, liver
chorionic epithelium
Vasculitis; gram negative
Brucella ovis C= necrosis IC=Brown exudate bacilli intra and nonspecific
extracellularly
Severe, diffuse
necrosuppurative
Listeria C= necrosuppurative IC= Hepatomegaly with numerous 1mm
placentitis with gram
monocytogenes necrosuppurative yellow necrotic foci
positive bacteria within
chorionic epithelial cells
Features: Triphasic:
Myxomatous mesenchyme;
interspersed primitive tubules. rarely contain non-epithelial tissue-
96 Betta fish Nephroblastoma Kidney: Nephroblastoma
Or glomerular-like buds; nests muscle, cartilage, bone and fat
of cells resembling
metanephric blastema
ddx: adenocarcinoma of the swin Swim bladder of siamese fish
bladder is ventral to kidney
Spirurids: small thick shelled
embryonated egg, cuticular
Oral mucosa: Intraepithelial adult ornamentations around the
97 Goeldi's Monkey Gongylonema sp spirurids with minimal lymphocytic buccal cavity, coelomyarian
inflammation musculature, uninucleate
intestine cells, lateral chords
may be quite large
other intraepithelial parasites:
Pterygodermatites Intraluminal and submucosal characteristic lateral alae
Capillaria sp, Anatrichosoma sp,
sp nematodes anteriroly
Trichosomoides sp
ddx: exertional
rhabdomyolysis, EPSSM,
nutritional myopathy, ischemic
Equine recurrent myopathy, Cassia occidentalis PSSM ruled out by negative Pas
Skeletal muscle: Degeneration
25 98 Horse exertional (coffe weed), ionophore stain; ERER dx by increased CK, AST
and necrosis
rhabdomyolysis (monensin, lasalocid), and in severe cases myoglobinuria
clostridial myositis (malignant
edema), protozoal myopathy,
Strep associated myopathy
Cecum: Typhlitis, nodular and Prominent spindle cell
granulomatous, multifocal, nodules- eithe granulomas or Carriers of histomonas meleagridis-
99 Pheasant Heterakis spp moderate with marked fibrous hyperplasia- not necrotic foci in cecum and liver; 15-20
mesenchymal infiltration and adult producing collagen, not um oval bodies
and larval nematodes smooth muscle- histiocytic?
Dilation of all renal tubules,
Polycystic kidney Kidneys, glomeruli, and tubules: obscuring of cortico-medullary
100 Deer liver has marked biliary hyperplasia
disease cystic change, diffuse junction. Reduced numbers
of glomeruli,
Malignant melanoma can This had areas that looked like epulis,
have desmoplastic, and was Melan A negative; Junctional
Malignant melanoma with gray horses, sinclair mini pigs (cutaneous),
62 Dog-Spaniel neurotropic, or activity, melanin and positive melan A
chondroid metaplasia duroc, and spontaneously regress in pigs
osteochondrogenic stain differentiate from osteosarcoma
differentiation and chondrosarcoma
Lancefield groups A and G are mostly
responsible for necrotizing fasciitis in humans.;
Bottlenose Skeletal muscle: Myositis, Alpha hemolyitc and non-hemolyitic are less
Beta-hemolytic strains are most
Dolphin Streptococcus agalactiae - necrotizing, virulent. Alpha-hemolysis = partial lysis and
63 pathologic- S. agalactiae is alpha
(Tursiops Necrotizing fasciitis fibrinosuppurative, reduction of hemoglobin giving it a greenish
hemolytic (Lancefield group B)
truncatus) hemorrhagic with myriad cocci tinge around the edges. Beta-hemolysis is
complete lysis and a halo of clearing extending
beyond the colony
Renal Dysplasia with severe
Congenital renal dysplasia fibrosis, fetal glomeruli, and Renal failure --> decreased excretion of
Dog - Brie 14 weeks old, presented for PU/PD
16 64 and Fibrous tubular adenomatous phosphate --> hyperphosphatemia -->
sheepdog vomiting and siezures
Osteodystrophy hyperplasia; Mandible: Hypocalcemia --> hyperparathyroidism
Fibrous osteodystrophy
Mandible, tongue, skeletal
muscle, tooth: Osteomyelitis,
Most commonly Staph aureus- lesions follow
Staphylococcus spp- glossitis, myositis, Mouse with disrupted oxidase
B6 129 S6- skin trauma, begin as microabscesses,
65 coagulase positive periodontitis, cytochrome b gene--> cant generate
Cybb mouse progresses to pyogranulomas with splendore
(Botryomycosis) pyogranulomatous, with superoxide
hoeppli material
splendore hoeppli material
and bacterial colonies
Lung: Pneumonia,
pyogranulomatous and
eosinophilic with adult Capillaria- live in bronchi and trachea,
other resp tract parasites: Crenosoma vulpis,
Fennec nematodes and numerous hypodermal lateral chords (bacillary
globei (racoons), mephiditis (Skunks), striatum
66 (Vulpes Capillaria aerophila bipolar plugged embryonated bands), and a row of esophageal
(hedgehogs), filaroides osleri, Aleurostrongylus
zerda) eggs; Bronchitis and glands called stichocytes forming a
abstrusus
bronchiolitis, catarrhal, stichosome
lymphoplasmacytic and
histiocytic with fibrosis
PAS positive diastase resistant
granules; NSE, S-100, Vimentin +,
Sprague- Malignant uterine granular cell Rats- granular cell tumors in meninges and
67 Granular cell tumor GFAP Neg;;EM- densely packed
Dawley rats tumor uterus// Dogs= tongue/ Horses= lung
lysosomes and phagosomes (myelin
figures)
Polygonal cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles
distal axial skeleton, arise from
Fischer 344 Vertebral body and lung: (Physaliferous cells), 3 components- central
17 68 Chordoma residual notochord;;; Keratin and
rat Chordoma trabecular bone, cartilgae zone, physaliferous
Vimentin +, NSEand S-100 +/-
cells at the periphery within a mucinous matrix
Fischer 344
69 same
rat
Gram Positive facultative intracellular circling disease- organism enters oral mucosa
Necrotizing hepatitis, bacillus- 3 syndromes-- septicemia, and travels trigeminal nerve, lands in pons and
70 Holstein OX Listeria monocytogenes
suppurative encephalitis, and abortion (also medulla with microabscesses and lymphocytic
conjunctivitis and mastitis) meningitis
Necrotizing nephritis, Abortion syndrom- late term, via
71 Holstein OX Listeria monocytogenes
suppurative hematogenous spread
Mucinous adenocarcinoma diagnosis requires greater than 50% mucinous
undulating ribbons and nests between
with metastasis to lymph material; Gastric adenocarcinoma may be
72 Ferret Mucinous adenocarcinoma proliferating fibrous tissue, epithelial
node; Intestine- lymphocytic induced by Helicobacter mustelae (model for
cells form acini with mucin
enteritis human H pylori)
iodine def--> incre TSH; Iodine excess -->
Thyroid gland: Diffuse causes abortion or weakness,
73 Lmousin calf Iodine deficiency interference with thyroxinogenesis --> low T3,T4
hyperplasia (goiter) symmetrical thyroid enlargement,
levels --> Incr TSH
Spleen, Liver, BM, mammary IL-12 (mPh) --> TH1 -->IL-2, TNF-a,IFN-y
Mycobacterium avium Intra and extracellular acid fast gram
18 74 Wallaby gland: Granulomatous (T,NK) --> upregulates mPh --> PDGF, TGF-b --
complex negative bacilli
inflammation with granulomas > stimulate fibroblasts and collagen synthesis
Taenia crassiceps- canids and felids
Subcutis and Skeletal muscle:
as definitive host, rodents most
Red Ruffled Granulomatous and Features include hooks, calcareus corpuscles,
75 Cysticerciasis common intermediate hosts, and
Lemur eosinophilic cellulitis and single bladder, one scolex,
become infected by ingesting
myositis
oncospheres from feces
Heart- Pancarditis,
necrotizing, often perivascular distribution, most
Flaviviridae- can be transmitted by several
76 Fish Crow WNV lymphoplasmacytic and severely heart, spleen, and skeletal
insect species and mechanical vectors
histiocytic, with muscle'
periganglioneuritis
Pulmonary artery: Arteritis/
Splendidofilaria caperata endarteritis, chronic with adult adult embedded in tunica media
filarial nematodes
Brain: Meningoencephalitis,
Parma (white-
necrotizing and 15-60um protozoal cysts PAS and also flund myocarditis, hepatitis, bacterial
77 fronted) Toxoplasma gondii
granulomatous/ GMS positive esophagitis
Wallaby
lymphoplasmacytic
Occlusive (reactive) vascular
In humans it is benign and associated with
endothelial proliferation in
19 78 cat Endotheliomatosis Factor VII relAg+ erythematoyus macules and plaques. It is
several organs; intravasulat
multisystemic in cats and fatal
pseudoangisarcoma
Kidney: Fat emboli with
Feline hyperlipemia/
hemorrhage and fasting hyperlipemia, xanthomas,
primary Recessive lipoprotein lipase deficiency: must be
79 Siamese cat granulomatoyus inflammation- peripheral neuropathy, deficiency of
hyperlioproteinemia/ fed a low fat diet
Autosomal recessive in lipoprotein lipase
hyperchylomicronemia
siamese cats
4 poxviruses: Myxoma, Shope fibroma, Hare
fibroma (all leporipox), and Rabbitpox virus
EM showed inclusions- fibrillary (orthopox). Arthropod vectors for all but Hare
regular aggregates of moderately fibroma (unknown). Inclusions are common to
Shope Fibroma virus: Subcutis: Atypical
electron dense material arranged in all but Rabbit pox; Myxoma virus is serious: NA
Domestic Leporipoxvirus, Poxviridae mesenchymal proliferation
80 long strands or bundles, or of finely rabbits (Sylvilagus) are natural hosts (resistant)
Rabbit (benign self limiting, non with eosinophilic
granular aggregates;;Immature virions- but can transmit to European cottontails
neoplastic to all rabbits) intracytoplasmic inclusions
spherical 250 nm with electron dense (Oryctolagus) with severe disease and high
content and an outer envelope mortality- Hare fibroma is a diseas of european
hares (lepus genus, and Oryctolagus are
susceptible)
invasive densely cellular
neoplasm of spindle cells in
Secondary to trauma or phacoclastic
Feline ocular sarcoma bundles and whorls, in some 1) Long standing lens rupture (embedded lens
81 Cat uveitis without trauma; Epithelial cell
(post traumatic sarcoma) cases osseus or chondrous material) (2) Circumferential distribution
origin
differentiation, the lens is
ruptured.
Candida are dimorphic with yeast
phase normally inhabiting GI tract,
URT, genitals. They reproduce by
Brain: encephalitis,
20 82 dog Candida spp budding and proliferate as
granulomatous, with hyphae
blastoconidia (budding yeat like cells),
or as pseudohyphae, and branhced
septate hyphae
Spinal cord: Infarct, with
fibrovartilaginous emboli fibrocartilaginous emboli, and most found in large breed dogs (Type
83 bovine
(FCEM) necrosis of gray and white 2 disc disesae)
matter
Lambs on well fed heavy milking ewea are most
Focal symmetrical encephalomalacia
Thalamus: Necrosis, susceptible. Epsilon toxin acts on vasular
Clostridium perfringens caused by exotoxin of C perfringens D
84 Lamb multifocal with spongiosis and endothelium --> edema in basal ganglia,
type D (epsilon toxin)/ also called chronic
edema thalamus, internal capsule, substantia nigra,
enterotoxemia.
subcortical white matter, and cerebellum
Alpha toxin, gas gangrene,
Intravascular hemolysis
Type A Clostridium toxins
(yellow lamb disease), colitix
X maybe, food borne illness
Alpha, beta, epsilon,
Enterotxemia in lambs,
Type B calves, and foals (lamb Alpha toxin membranes, hemolysis and necrosis
dysentery- acute hemorrhagic
enteritis <2 weeks old).
Alpha and beta- adult
pathgogen of sheep (struck-
hemorrhagic enteritis- first few
Type C Beta
weeks) , goats and cattle as
well as lambs folas and calves
necrosis and increased vasular permeability
and piglets (<8 days).
Alpha and iota- Intestinal
Type E disease in calves, lambsm Epsilon
and rabbits
iota
85 Raccoon Lymphoma cerebrum: lymphoma, T cell also cutaneous involvement
Skin: follicular atrophy,
Pancreatic exocrine adenocarcinoma,
diffuse, with epidermal complete follicular atrophy on the ventrum and
and biliary duct carcinoma can cause
21 86 Cat Paraneoplastic alopecia hyperplasia with mild smooth glistening gross appearance are
paraneoplastic alopecia for unkown
lymphocytic perivascular diagnostic for this condition.
reasons
dermatitis
Skin/ MC junction: Dermatitis, ddx: Pemphigus erythematosis
Immune mediated and cheilitis, superficial (crossover from pemphigus to lupus),
87 dog
dermatitis lymphoplasmacytic with Pemphigus foliaceus (Both have
intracorneal pustules subcorneal pustules and acantholysis)
DLE: lichenoid interface dermatitis, hydropic
Furunculosis and
ddx; Mucocutaneous pyoderma and degeneration of basal cells, thickened
discoid Lupus intraepithelial pustules
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus basement membrane, acantholysis,
containing bacteria
mononuclear inflammation
Skin: Vesicular dermatitis,
multifocal, severe with Aside from orthopox viruses, these
balooning degeneration, can cause disease in humans:
88 Tamarin Cowpox virus (orthopox) cats can be infected and transmit virus
epithelial syncytia and Parapoxviruses: Orf, pseudocowpox,
eosinophilic ICIB (Guarnieri bovine papular stomatitis
bodies)
Haired skin: Dermatitis and
folliculitis (or perifollicular and
Trychophyton verrucosum- Trichophytin- causes epidermal hyperplasia and
perivascular), lymphocytic and
89 Bovine Dermatophytosis keratinolytic branched septate hyphae follicular hyperplasia (hyperplasia and
eosinophilic, chronic, focal
and penetrate hair cuticle hyperkeratosis)
with hyperkeratosis and
intracorneal pustules
Electron Micrograph- Bronchiolar ciliated and Absent the classic dumbell shaped
non-ciliated respiratory epithelium; virion; A and B type Cowpox A-Type inclusions- Round moderately
Cowpox virus
100 Mouse degeneration with intracytoplasmic viral inclusions and confused them for dense, coarsely granular intracytoplasmic
(orthopox)
inclusions and extracellular fibrin and cellular reticulate and intermediate bodies inclusions
debris of Chlamydophila sp
B-Type- Within A type inclusions- coarsesly
Pox- double stranded DNA viruses; Cowpox
granular, less dense, representing viral
(Orthopoxvirus genus) (used by Jenner as
nucleoprotein with developing crescents of
Small pox vaccine, now we use vaccinia)
membranes
Conference Slide Species etiology Morph Dx Gross Histo
2000-2001
Small Intestine:
Lymphangiectasia with Soft Coated Wheaton Terrier is
thin with thin haircoat, abdominal fluid,
Protein Losing granulomatous predisposed to PLE and PLN. This
1 1 Dog serosal surface of intestine had dilated
enteropathy lymphangitis, and crypt dog had hypoproteinemia and DIC;
lymphatics
ectasia with neutrophilic and Lymphatic dilation with inflammation
histiocytic inflammation
Acid fast stains showed curved rods,
Mycobacteria were cultured
Cat (no tissue on Mycobacterium Skin: Dermatitis and firm alopecic partly ulcerated
2 (tuberculosis); Cord factor and Wax D
slide) tuberculosis panniculits, granulomatous intracutaneous nodules
contribute to hosts granulomatous
response;
Enzootic Abortion in Ewes; focally
extensive loss of trophoblast ,ayer
replaced by nuclear and cell debris,
Chlamydia Chorioallantois: Placentitis, Cheeselike debris, thickening of
fibrinoid necrosis of superficial
3 Sheep (chlamydophila) necrotizing with severe cotyledons, edema of intercotyledonary
arterioles with perivascular leukocytes,
pecorum vascultiis areas
in the tunica media were neutrophils,
and fibrin thrombi in the lumens.
Vasculitis is diagnostic for Chlamydia
Tongue: Glossitis,
necrotizing and ulcerative,
focally extensive with
Herpesviral, necrotizing
64 Tortoise epithelial eosinophilic usually involve the oral cavity
glossitis (alpha)
intranuclear inclusion
bodies, syncytia, and
superficial bacterial colonies
Spleen: Histiocytosis,
diffuse with lipid vacuolation
and cholesterol clefts
Odontogenic tumors in Tg.AC mice is
expansile unencapsulated mass that
35%. They come in three patterns- 1)
invades teeth and bone. Long
Primarily mesenchymal cells in a
anastomosing chords (2 cells thick)
dense fibrous -like matrix, 2) loose
Mandible, orla mucosa, and and thin ribbons of cuboidal epithelial
stroma surrounded by anastomosing
74 Mouse Odontogenic tumor subepithelial connective cells, closely associated with loose
cords of epithelial cells with squamous
tissue: Odontogenic tumor undifferentiated stroma. Epithelium is
differentiation, 3) Odontomas forming
pallisading and sometimes show
mineralized tooth structures by well
squamous differentitation. Remnant
differentiated odontoblasts and
islands of bone and tooth are present.
ameloblasts.
Kainic acid is isolated from the
seaweed Digenea simplex. Structurally Lesions typically found in CA1 and
Cerebral cortex: Occipital
related to domoic acid, it can cross the CA3 of hippocampus, amygdala,
Kainic acid induced and pyriform lobes,
75 Rat blood brain barrier causing neuronal septum, entorhinal cortex, medial
neuronal necrosis hippocampus, Neuronal
cell death. Damage approximates thalamus, pyriform cortes, and midline
necrosis, multifocal
temporal lobe siezures and Alzheimers hypothalamus.
disease.
Adenomas- cytologic atypia and lack
adenoma; Multiple Polyps- well formed glands and crypts,
Small Intestine: Adenomas, of differentiation characterize
76 Mouse intestinal neoplasia most of which show differentiation into
multiple adenomas/ Carcinoma- anaplasia plus
mutation (Min) mature goblet or absorptive cells
invasion
Min mouse is model for APC mutations result in increased B
Familial Adenomatous catenin in epithelial cells inducing
Polyposis (FAP)- an intestinal epithelial cell hyperplasia and
inherited AD gene- APC a inhibit migration of these cells out of th
tumor suppressor gene crypts
Lung: Pneumonia,
Cryptococcus granulomatous, multifocal,
20 77 Porpoise
neoformans moderate with numerous
encapsulated yeast
Lung: Bronchiolitis,
cetacean lungs- cartilage rings down
granulomatous and thick mucoid capsule is thought to
to terminal airways (aid in re-inflation
eosinophilic, focal, moderate interfere with antigen presentation and
after deep dives), Capillaries present
with bronchiectasis and causes lack of immune response
on both sides of alveolar septae
intraluminal metastrongyles
Stratified squamous
epithelium overlying fibrous
AL type amyloid is derived from plasma
Plasmacytoma with connective tissue and
80 Cat cells and contains abundant Ig Light
amyloid skeletal muscle (gingiva per
chain
contributor) Plasmacytoma
with amyloid
Mammary Gland: Mastitis,
Coliform mastitis- severe, acute post
necrotizing, acute, diffuse
calving, and dry off infection.
21 81 Ox E coli mastitis with interlobular edema,
Envoronmental contaminants enter the
necrotizing lymphangitis,
relaxed teat sphincter.
and intra-alveolar bacteria
Large Intestine: Vasculitis,
necrotizing, acute diffuse, Deer adenovirus has tropism for
secondary oral and ruminal abscesses
Adenoviral hemorrhagic moderate with endothelial endothelial cells- ulceration of mouth,
82 Moose with Fusobacterium and
disease basophilic intranuclear forestomachs, pulmonary edema and
Arcanobacterium
inclusions, hemorrhage, and hemorrhage
edema
Lung: Vasculitis, necrotizing,
acute, diffuse, with
interstitial edema, Adenoviral Hemorrhagic Disease- ddx- bluetongue, Jabaraki, EHD
hemorrhage rare fibrin Closely related to Bovine Adenovirus -3 (orbivirus)
thrombi and basophilic
inclusions
Buccal mucosa, salivary
Systemic necrobacillosis, often isolated
glands, haired skin:
with Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Initial
Stomatitis, necrotizing,
Fusobacterium cases with draining foot lesions
83 Antelope focally extensive, severe,
necrophorum contaminated ground water, and minor
with mineralization, and
lesions in the mouth allowed
myriad filamentous bacilli,
colonization
and colonies of cocci
Rumen: Rumenitis,
necrotizing, acute, focally
extensive, severe, with
myriad filamentous bacteria
Chorioallantois: hyperplasia, allantois is normally nonglandular and
Cystic adenomatous adenomatous and cysticm nonsecretory. The proliferative lesion
84 Horse
allantoic hyperplasia allantoic, multifocal with may be secondary to chronic placental
inflammation disorders.
Chorioallantois:
Allantochorionitis
(placentitis), necrotizing with
many filamentous bacteria
Chorioallantois: Placentitis,
ddx: Chlamyidophila abortus, and Animals get infected through Coxiella-
cotyledonary and
Brucella, spp Coxiella is a member of containing feces of ticks. Infectioin in
Coxiella burnetti intercotyledonary.
22 85 Sheep Rickettsiaceae. Q fever in humans is the flock spreads by aerosol or eating
placentitis Necrotizing, subacute, with
characterized by atypical pneumonia, placentas. Sheeo cattle and goats are
vasculitis and myriad
fever, hepatitis reservoirs.
intracellular bacteria
Rickettsiae are small Brucella ovis and C. abortus does not
coccoid to bacilli shaped affect intercotyledonary areas and
organisms placentome
Lung: Pneumonia, Peste Dea Petit ruminants/ Rinderpest
bronchointerstitial, with type (cattle)- morbiliivirus- Oral erosions,
Peste de petit ruminants II pneumocyte hyperplasia, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dehydration,
86 Goat
(Morbillivirus) syncytial cells, intranuclear and death. Rinderpest usually does
and intracytoplasmic not progress to pneumonia, but PPR
eosinophilic inclusions does
Lymph node: Hemorrhage, Flaviviridae, pestivirus- may appear
Classical Swine Fever medullary with similar to African Swine Fever, widespread vasculopathy leading to
87 Pig
(Pestivirus) erythrophagocytosis and erysipelas, and septicemic hemorrhage and infarctions
hemosiderosis salmonellosis
Lymph node: Lymphoid
depletion
Cerebrum and meninges:
MCF viruses: WTD-MCF virus
Ovine Herpes virus-2 Vasculitis, lymphocytic,
88 Pig (gammaherpes), OHV-2, AHV-1, CpHV-
(MCF) diffuse, mild to moderate
2
with perivascular edema
Haired skin: Dermatitis, H capsulatum var capsulatum is 2-4
African large form histoplasmosis- H.
granulomatous, nodular, um, Coccidioides is smaller than
capsulatum var duboisii. Natural
Histoplasma multifocal and coalescing, duboisii, Coccidioides is 5-25 um
23 89 Baboon infection reported in baboons and
capsulatum var duboisii with ulceration, epidermal spherules, Blastomyces is similar in
humans. 8-15 um diameter with thick
hyperplasia, and numerous size and shape but has broad based
walls and single narrow based buds
intrahistiocytic yeast budding and lack of chain formation
Ruminants- negri bodies found most
consistently in purkinje cells/
Carnivores- hippocampal cells/ Initial
Spinal cord: Myelitis, non furious vs paralytic form-
replication is in muscle then
suppurative, multifocal with Polioencephalomyelitis and
transmission to motor neuron
perivascular hemorrhage, ganglioneuritis, non-suppurative.
90 Ox Rabies synapses, and retrograde axoplasmic
and neuronal eosinophilic Negri bodies are round 2-8 um they
flow to the CNS. Then there is
intracytoplasmic inclusion may contain internal basophilic
centrifugal spread to the peripheral
bodies stippling and and peripheral halo.
nerves and salivary glands. The virus
replicates in the acinar epithelium and
buds into the lumen.
Gross ddx: Caseous lymphadenitis
Liver: Granulomas with
(Corynebacterium ovis). Opportunistic
intrahistiocytic coccobacilli,
pathogen, ubiquitous. Goats can be
91 Goat Rhodococcus equi portal hepatitis,
infected with innocuous strains lacking
lymphoplasmcytic with
VapA. Goats may be inherently
biliary hyperplasia
susceptible
Trabeculat bone, epithelial
lined spaces, connective
M bovis- Mastitis, pneumonia, arthritis,
tissue and stratified
Auditory bulla- Severe chronic synovitis and genital infections, otitis
92 Ox Mycoplasma bovis squamous epithelium:
suppurative otitis media media similar to pigs with Mycoplasma
Necrosis and inflammation,
hyorhinis
suppurative with ractive
bone formation
Cerebellum and brain stem:
Autolytic changes resulted in DDx: Familial lower motor neuron
Neuronal vacuolar Neuronal vacuolation and
24 93 Dog vacuolation surrounding Purkinje cells; disease, neuroaxonal dystrophy,
degeneration degeneration, multifocal,
DDX- metabolic storage disease leukoencephalomyelopathy
moderate
Rosenthal fibers tend to accumulate
Cerebellum: beneath the pia mater, around blood
thought to represent a chronic
Encephalopathy with Encephalopathy with vessels, and ependyma of both grey
94 Deer metabolic stress response to unknown
rosenthal fibers numerous Rosenthal fibers and white matter. Composed of Alpha
deleterious stimuli
and demyelination B- crystallin (related to Heat shock
protein)
Proliferative disease of microglia or
macroglia cells. Regarded as
neoplastic, diffuse, insidious growth . gliomatosis cerebri blends with
Cerebellum and brainstem: Can be perivascular. Microglia are a surrounding neuropil, and may be
95 Dog Gliomatosis cerebri
Gliomatosis cerebri constituent part of the phagocytic and detected only by subtle enlargement of
immunocomponenet system of the the infiltrated stuctures
CNS and are believed to originate from
bone marrow derived macrophages.
Progressive loss of purkinje cells with In utero infections with Parvovirus,
decrease in overall mass is hallmark of BVD, CSF and toxins may result of
Cerebellum: Purkinje cell
cerebellar cortical abiotrophy. cerebellar hypoplasia by producing
degeneration and loss of
Because of the nutritive synaptic link of degeneration and necrosis of germinal
Cerebellar cortical purkinje cells with
96 Dog Purkinje cells with granular cell cells which histologically results in
abiotrophy secondary granular cell loss
neurons loss of purkinje cells results in disorganization of Purkinje cells and
and molecular layer atrophy
reduction og granule neurons. When disruption of normal architecture.
(cortical abiotrophy)
severe there is atrophy of the Cerebellar abiotrophy affects the
molecular layer cerebellum after it has developed fully.
Urinary bladder: Ulceration,
diffuse, with mucosal Other lesions: myocardial degeneration
25 97 Horse Cantharidin cystitis
fibroplasia and and necrosis
neovascularization
StomachL Epithelial
degeneration, necrosis and
loss with subacute gastritis
Ingestion or inhalaltion:
organisms have already
Oral is most common in cats, ferrets,
acquired the phagocytosis
and carnivores
resistant capsule and thus
have a shorter incubation time
Ciliary body Cytokeratin and Vimentin +, S-
12 47 Feline Eye: Ciliary body adenocarcinoma cytokeratin is variable
adenocarcinoma 100 --, PAS + BM
Kidney: Proximal convoluted The intracytoplasmic bodies
tubular epithelium: Degeneration, are 2um hyaline inclusions
Cyclodextrin toxocity; multifocal, moderate, to severe, seen in rat hyaline droplet
12 48 Rat Hyalin droplet with cytoplasmic vacuolation, nephropathy; The acicular
nephropathy variably electron dense acicular crystals are cyclodextrin-
crystals, and electron dense induced nephrosis in male
rhomboidal and globular bodies rats
Benign hair follicle
Haired skin: Benign hair follicle
tumor; Polyomavirus
13 49 Hamster tumor with few intranuclear
induced-
inclusions
Trichoepithelioma
13
Packets of polygonal cells
Malignant interstitial cell Testis: Interstitial cell tumor, with abundant bright Placental Alk Phos Neg, PAS
13 50 Rat
tumor malignant eosinophilic cytoplasm, negative
granular, round central nuclei
streptococcal Suckling neonatal rats, poor
Small intestine; Numerous luminal ddx: IDIR (Rotavirus), Tyzzers,
13 51 Rat enteropathy (Group D haircoats, diarrhea, low
epithelium adherent cocci Salmonella
strep) mortality
13
Haired skin, pinna: dermatitis,
eosinophilic, mastocytic,
lymphocytic, and plasmacytic,
13 52 Canine Sarcoptes scabei mites or eggs seen
chronic, diffuse, hyperkeratotic
crust, intracorneal pustules,
intracorneal mites
inadequate maternal thyroid
Hyperplastic goiter, thyroid gland: Hyperplasia, hormone corssing placenta--> dystocia, retained placenta, and
14 53 Equine
congenital follicular, severe fetal TSH--> thyorid prolonged gestation
hyperplasia
Hepatic encephalopathy
secondary- toxic to astrocytes,
ammonia metabolized to
Liver: Arteriolar hyperplasia,
glutamine= toxic. GABA Ammonium and uric acid crystals
portal, diffuse, moderate with
14 54 Canine Portosystemic shunt synthesized by GO bacteria, (ammonium biurates) especially in
portal vein hypoplasia, and lobular
Spongioform change of white alkaline urine.
atrophy
matter, Alzheimer Type II cells
(small clusters of swollen
astrocytes, with clear nuclei)
Hepatitis and hepatic ddx: Mycobacterium avium, E Diagnosis: Acid Fast, Grams, Warthis
Liver: Granulomas, heterophilic
23 91 Avian amyloidosis, presumed coli, Salmonella, Starry all negative'/ Cultures grew
with amyloidosis
Campylobacter coli Campylobacter campylobacter coli
Cerebrum: Meningoencephalitis,
lymphoplasmacytic and
Eastern Equine
neutrophilic, diffuse, mild to
27 108 Equine Encephalomyelitis, neutrophils and vasculitis
moderate with multifocal
alphavirus (flaviviridae)
vasculitis, and rare neuronal
degeneration and necrosis
Cerebrum: Meningoencephalitis,
achlorophyllic algae; ddx
28 109 Hamster Prototheca zopfii necrotizing, pyogranulomatous,
chlorella
multifocal, moderate
Kidney: Tubular ectasia and
tubular epithelial hyperplasia,
Multicellular spheroid Myxosporean infections- Whirling dz
multifocal, moderate, with
structures, 10 um in diameter, (myxobolus cerebralis), renal and
Myxosporea (Myxozoa), numerous intracellular and
28 110 Turtle spores have one binucleate or blood sphaerosporosis in cyprinids
renal myxosporosis extracellular myxosporidia with
2 uninucleate sporoplasms, 1- (Sphaerospora renicola); Proliferative
interstitial nephritis,
6 polar capsules, and a shell kidney disease (Myxidium lieberkuhni)
lmyphoplasmacytic and
heterophilic
Liver: Hepatitis, granulomatous, Dimorphic fungus: ddx:
Mucor amphiborum,
28 111 frog necrotizing, diffuse, severe with Prototheca, coccidioides
zygomycosis
fungal spherules immitis
Pancreas: Pancreatitis,
spirorchis sp, Separate sexes, non-
28 112 Turtle granulomatous, with abundant
Schistosomiasis operculated eggs
necrotic debris
Small intestine and pancreas:
Granulomas, multiple with
trmatode eggs
Megaloschizonts: 100-200um
Heart: Myocarditis,
multiloculated and contain 1
29 113 Avian Leukocytozoon caulleryi granulomatous, multifocal with
um circular basophilic
protozoal megaloschizonts
merozoites
Liposarcoma with Fibrovascular tissue: Liposarcoma
29 114 Feline
pulmonary metastasis with metastasis to lung
Allantochorian (Cotyledon):
Placentitis, necro-suppurative,
acute, diffuse, moderate with
29 116 Bovine Bacillus licheniformis
necrotizing vasculitis, fibrin
thrombi and numerous
extracellular bacilli
Cryptosporidium attaches to
Bursa of Fabricius: Bursitis, acute,
Cryptosporidium baileyi the glycocalyx of the epithelial
1 2 Chickens diffuse, mild, with surface- Respiratory vs intestinal form
or meleagridis cell, and surrounded by a
associated protozoa
membrane of host origin
Mesentery: Mesenteritis,
Mycobacterium avium- granulomatous, and necrotizing,
1 3 Feline
intracellulare chronic, focally extensive, severe,
with intrahistiocytic acid-fast bacilli
Fusobacterium is normal
inhabitant o fthe anaerobic
Liver: Necrosis, coagulative,
ruminal environment. It is a
multifocal and focally extensive, Other diseases caused by
secondary invader requiring
Fusobacterium perivascular and random with fusobacterium= necrotic stomatitis,
1 4 Lamb mucosal damage for
necrophorum necrotizing vasculitis and naval ill, pneumonia in calves, and
colonization. Ruminal acidosis
numerous extracellular foot rot in ungulates
is common predispoing factor
filamentous bacteria
to invasion and spread to the
liver.
Zinc-ingestion syndrome:
Hemolyitc anemia, pancreatic
Pancreas: Exocrine parenchymal
ductular necrosis, interlobular
loss, diffuse, moderate with
2 5 Eider Duck Zinc toxicity fat necrosis, atrophy, fibrosis,
regeneration, fibrosis, and
ductular hyperplasia,
ductular hyperplasia
necrotizing enteritis, and renal
tubular necrosis
Serosa: Serositis,
fibrinosuppurative, subacute,
moderate, to severe with gram
negative bacilli
Broad, thin walled,
Intestine: Enteritis, ulcerative,
infrequently septate,
Boid inclusion body necrotizing, granulomatous,
2 6 Boa constrictor pleomorphic hypahe from 5-
disease; Zygomycetes multifocal, severe, with fungal
20 um wide, and irregular right
hyphae
angle branching
Intestinal epithelium, Major histologic lesions: Non-
Lymphocytes, intestinal ganglion suppurative
cells of myenteric plexi: meningoencephalitis with
Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic neuronal degeneration,
inclusion bodies gliosis, and demyelination
Subcutaneous tissue, neck:
xanthoma or injection
2 7 Emu Granulomas, multifocal, with
site panniculitis
intrahistiocytic lipid
2
Sulfatides: Prevents fusion of
phagosome with lysosome/ LAM-
Virulence factors: Cord factor
Lung: Bronchopneumonia, heteropolysaccharide inhibits
(trehalose dimycolate)-
Cynomolgus Mycobacterium granulomatous, multifocal, macrophage activation by IFN-
2 8 surface glycolipid responsible
monkey tuberculosis (TB) moderate, with caseous necrosis gamma and induces macrophages to
for serpentine growth pattern
and mineralization secrete TNF-alpha which induces
in vitro
fever and IL-10 which suppresses T
cell proliferation
Acute severe disease sometimes
Leptospires penetrate
from the bacteremic phase (young
exposed mucous memranes
animals) --> Hemolysis,
or water softened skin, and
Kidney: Nephritis, hemoglobinuria, icterus, pulmonary
invade blood- Leptospires
3 9 Pig Leptospirosis tubulointerstitial, chronic-active, congestion, meningitis, acute tubular
cleared from blood but not
diffuse, moderate necrosis// Chronic disease- abortion,
proximal convoluted tubules,
infertility, interstitial nephritis,
vitreoius, CSF, and genital
recurrent uveitis, recurrent tubular
tract
necrosis
Kidney: Necrosis, tubular, acute, Hemolytic syndrome-
multifocal, moderate with granular, methemoglobinemia and
3 10 Quarter horse Red Maple Toxicosis
intratubular, brightly eosinophilic Heinz body formation/ only
material and hemoglobin crystals dried leaves are toxic
3
Liver: Hepatitis, portal and
bridging, chronic, multifocal,
3 11 Webster Mouse Schistosoma mansoni moderate, with granulomas,
trematode eggs, intravascular
trematodes
Ingestion or percutaneous
Rumen: rumenitis, necrotizing, absorption (insecticides,
acute, diffuse, severe, with herbicides, wood Topical toxicosis: dermatitis, necrosis
3 12 Bovine Arsenic Toxicosis
hemorrhage, edema, and focal preservatives)--> vascular and sloughing
arteritis injury, congestion,
hemorrhage, edema, petechia
Brain stem: Neuronal vacuolation, Early in the disease, animals are alert but excitable, and may have
multifocal, with mild astrocytosis, seizures. Later, paresthesia may develop, manifested as agitated
4 13 Sheep Scrapie
and multifocal axonal rubbing against posts and trees and nibbling at feet and legs. There
degeneration is progressive dysmetria, emaciation, and finally paralysis and death.
neoplasms arising from
remnants of the notochord
nfiltrative, multilobulated masses with
and have been reported in the
each lobule composed of three
mink, ferret, rat, cat, dog, and
components: closely packed
human.
vacuolated (physaliferous) cells,
Immunohistochemically,
4 14 Ferret Chordoma Haired skin, subcutis: Chordoma cartilage, and bone. The three
physaliferous cells stain
components are often arranged
strongly positive for both
concentrically, with physaliferous cells
vimentin and keratin, and
surrounding cartilage with a central
weakly positive for S-100
core of bone.
protein and neuron specific
enolase
There is often bronchiolar smooth
muscle hyperplasia, catarrhal and
Lung: Pneumonitis, subacute to
eosinophilic bronchiolitis, hyperplasia
chronic, multifocal, minimal, with
of submucosal glands and smooth
numerous metastrongylid
genus is ovo-viviparous; 1-10 muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia
nematode eggs and larvae,
Aelurostongylus mm diameter nodules, which within pulmonary arterial walls. The
4 15 Cat bronchiolar smooth muscle
abstrusus represents nests of eggs and granulomatous alveolitis and catarrhal
hyperplasia, submucosal gland
larvae bronchiolitis gradually regresses.
hyperplasia, and marked arterial
However, the hypertrophy and
medial hypertrophy and
hyperplasia of the smooth muscle in
hyperplasia
arteries, bronchioles and alveolar
ducts persists.
thin-walled, slightly basophilic
and spherical, with single
Nasal conchae: Rhinitis, narrow-based buds. The
granulomatous, multifocal, severe, fungus is surrounded by a
Cryptococcus
4 16 Dog with numerous yeast, etiology wide clear zone; the shrunken
neoformans
consistent with Cryptococcus capsular material stains
neoformans positively with mucicarmine
and the fungal wall stains with
PAS
Spleen: Splenitis, granulomatous,
multifocal, mild, with numerous
yeast
high cellularity,
pleomorphism, necrosis,
subpial spread, cortical
infiltration, necrosis
surrounded by
"pseudopalisades" and areas
Astrocytoma Cerebrum: Astrocytoma, high
5 17 Macaque of glomerulus-like endothelial
(Glioblastoma) grade (glioblastoma multiforme)
proliferation. Recent evidence
suggests that vascular
endothelial cell growth factor
(VEGF) is secreted by
malignant astrocytes perhaps
in response to hypoxia.
Colon: Colitis, necrotizing,
subacute, diffuse, moderate, with
epithelial necrosis, epithelial syncytial
crypt herniation, lymphoid Measles virus is a morbillivirus
5 18 Tamarin Measles (Morbillivirus) cells and intranuclear inclusion
depletion, syncytial cells, and of the paramyxovirus family
bodies
intranuclear and intracytoplasmic
inclusion bodies,
1. Pancreas: Pancreatitis, chronic- These animals become infected when they ingest an arthropod
Trichospirura active, multifocal, moderate, with intermediate host (most likely cockroaches) containing the encysted
5 19 Marmoset
leptostoma- nematode intraductal adult and larval spirurid infective larval stage (L3). The L3 migrate to the pancreatic ducts
nematodes where they mature into adults. Embryonated eggs travel down the
Urinary bladder: Cystitis,
transmural, acute, multifocal,
moderate
The histopathologic features are those of a neuroepithelial neoplasm
with glial processes forming neuropil-prominent perivascular
pseudorosettes. The differential diagnosis based on the H&E
5 20 Wistar Rat Ependymoma Spinal cord: Ependymoma
sections was ependymoma versus paraganglioma. The absence of
immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin supports
ependymoma
nonsuppurative
Cerebellum: Encephalitis,
encephalomyelitis,
nonsuppurative, minimal, with
6 21 Foal- Horse Rabies- Rhabdovirus ganglionitis, and parotid
neuronal eosinophilic
adenitis in warm-blooded
intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
vertebrates
Kidney, glomeruli: Eosinophilic Fibronectin is a large (400 kd) multifunctional glycoprotein associated
mesangial deposits and with cell surfaces, basement membranes, and pericellular matrices. It
9 35 Mouse Glomerulonephritis
hyalinization, segmental, is produced by fibroblasts, monocytes, endothelial cells, and other
multifocal cells. Fibronectin binds extracellular matrix components (collagen,
Kidney: Nephritis, interstitial, fibrin, heparin, and proteoglycan) via a specific tripeptide (arginine-
lymphoplasmacytic, multifocal, glycine-aspartic acid) domain and to cells via integrin receptors to
mild. signal cell attachment, locomotion, and differentiation. The binding of
Helicobacter hepaticus is a
recently identified bacterium
Colon: Colitis, proliferative, that has been associated with
erosive, chronic-active, diffuse, a chronic-active hepatitis in
9 36 Mouse Helicobacter hepaticus
moderate, with crypt dilatation and certain strains of inbred mice
abscesses and has been linked to the
development of hepatic
adenomas and
Pancreatic acinar
12 45 Mouse Pancreas: Carcinoma, acinar cell
carcinoma
Rear leg: Tenosynovitis,
Immune complex proliferative, lymphohistiocytic and
12 46 Mouse mediated synovitis and neutrophilic, diffuse, moderate,
vasculitis. with cellulitis, perineuritis,
periostitis, and osteolysis
Kidney: Glomerulonephritis,
Immune complex- membrano-proliferative, global,
mediated diffuse, moderate, with crescents,
12 47 Mouse glomerulonephritis and marked necrotizing vasculitis, and
vasculitis.- Type III multifocal, lymphoplasmacytic
hypersensitivity perivasculitis and interstitial
nephritis,
Disseminated visceral
coccidiosis-- Histologically,
granulomatous nodules
contain numerous parasitized
Liver: Hepatitis, histiocytic and mononuclear cells with both
Although Eimeria sp. infections are
lymphoplasmacytic, random, merogonic and gametogenic
Eimeria gruis and/or generally diseases of the intestinal
13 51 Sandhill crane moderate, with extensive stages of eimerian coccidia. In
Eimeria reichenowi. tract, a few species can develop at
hepatocellular loss, and one study, many of the
extraintestinal sites
intrahistiocytic protozoa, granulomatous foci were
noted within the adventitia of
blood vessels, suggesting
hematogenous dissemination
of the infection.
The life cycle of T. gondii in extraintestinal tissues is the same for all
intermediate hosts and cats. After ingestion of tissue cysts or
The cells are usually cuboidal and may have "clear", eosinophilic or
basophilic cytoplasm. They may be arranged in solid sheets,
15 58 Cat Renal carcinoma Kidney: Renal cell carcinoma, papillary projections or tubules, and may line cystic spaces. All of
these patterns may occur in a single tumor. No prognostic value is
associated with any pattern.
1. Lung: Pneumonia, necrotizing,
multifocal to focally extensive,
15 59 Owl Aspergillus sp subacute, severe, owl, avian - eucocytozoon infestation was observed in the circulating leukocytes
etiology consistent with of all organs examined. The life cycle of these parasites is discussed
Aspergillus sp. by Levine (1985). The parasite is transmitted by black flies (Simulium
spp.).Sporogony takes place in these flies and the infective
sporozoites invade parenchymal organs of birds and undergo
schizogony. The schizonts infect leukocytes or, in certain species of
2. Air sac: Airsacculitis,
Leucocytozoon, red blood cells, and develop to gametocytes. The
necrotizing, subacute, diffuse,
gametocytes in leukocytes have elongate or round forms or both,
severe, with fungal hyphae -
depending on the species. These parasites occupy almost all the
etiology consistent with
cytoplasm pushing the nucleus aside. The nucleus remains as an
Aspergillus sp.
elongate basophilic structure on the side of the cell.
Liver: Hepatitis, chronic, diffuse, his lesion is distinct from classic cirrhosis in which there is prominent
severe, with lobular dissecting portal bridging fibrosis, bile duct reduplication, and multifocal nodular
fibrosis, canalicular cholestasis, regeneration. This disease process should be regarded as a specific
Lobular dissecting mild biliary hyperplasia, multifocal reaction pattern in the liver of the neonatal and juvenile dog,
17 67 dog
fibrosis intrahistiocytic pigment, comparable to neonatal hepatitis in humans. The differential
hepatocellular vacuolar diagnosis for this lesion would include copper toxicity, copper storage
degeneration, and individual cell disease, aflatoxicosis, and infectious diseases such as those caused
necrosis by canine adenovirus 1 and Leptospira spp.
Placenta: Placentitis, necrotizing, Many of the conference participants favored a protozoal infection with
subacute, diffuse, severe, with Toxoplasma gondii or Neospora caninum. The differential diagnosis
17 68 Cow fetus Candida parapsilosis intracellular and extracellular also included Candida sp., Histoplasma capsulatum, and Sarcocystis
yeast and pseudohyphae, etiology cruzi. Positive staining with GMS and the presence of occasional
consistent with Candida sp pseudohyphae confirm the contributor's diagnosis.
n immunohistochemical stains performed at the AFIP, neoplastic
cells did not stain positively for factor VIII-related antigen. Neoplastic
cells were also negative for lysozyme, glial fibrillary acidic protein,
Hemangiosarcoma/
Liver; mesentery: Sarcoma, poorly smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, desmin, and cytokeratin.
18 69 Cat Poorly differentiated
differentiated Although the origin of this neoplasm could not be determined, the
sarcoma
differential diagnosis includes malignant peripheral nerve sheath
tumor, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and
leiomyosarcoma.
1. Eye, iris, ciliary body, and
filtration angle: Fibrovascular
membrane, pre-iridal and post-
18 70 Dog
iridal, with entropion uveae and
anterior peripheral synechiae,
mixed breed, canine.
2. Eye, retina, sclera, cornea, and
iris: Atrophy, diffuse, moderate.
3. Eye, lens: Cataractous change,
subcapsular.
1. Trachea; bronchi:
Tracheobronchitis,
20 77 Rhesus Monkey Cryptosporidium lymphoplasmacytic and
eosinophilic, diffuse, moderate,
with luminal epithelial hyperplasia,
2. Lung: Pneumonia,
bronchointerstitial, subacute,
diffuse, moderate, with type II
Cytomegalovirus pneumocyte hyperplasia and rare
cytomegalic/karyomegalic cells
with eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusion bodies.
Lung: Bronchopneumonia,
fibrinosuppurative and histiocytic,
21 81 Monkey Coxiella burnetti subacute, diffuse, severe, with
type II pneumocyte hyperplasia,
and fibrinosuppurative pleuritis,
Lung: Pneumonia, The conference participants agreed with the contributor's diagnosis
bronchointerstitial, subacute, and comments. Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a common
diffuse, moderate, with type II pathogen in dogs, other canids, mustelids, procyonids, and viverrids.
22 88 mink Canine Distemper Virus
pneumocyte hyperplasia, syncytia, Recently, major outbreaks of canine distemper have occurred in
and intranuclear and eosinophilic javelinas (collared peccaries) in the United States, and in big cats in
intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies Africa and North America.
Eye: Panophthalmitis,
Based on histomorphologic
granulomatous, multifocal,
and epidemiologic findings,
moderate to severe, with
25 99 Cat Mycobacterium sp the organisms are most likely
periocular skeletal myositis,
of the Mycobacterium avium-
steatitis, optic neuritis, and myriad
intracellulare complex (MAIC).
bacilli,
Cholangocellular
26 103 Cat Liver: Adenocarcinoma,
carcinoma
Amyloidosis consists of about 90% fibril proteins and 10%
glycoprotein (P component). AL (amyloid light chain) is derived from
1. Liver: Amyloidosis, diffuse,
plasma cells, contains immunoglobulin light chains and is the
severe, with hepatocellular
predominant deposit in primary amyloidosis. It is associated with
26 104 Antelope atrophy and loss, blackbuck
multiple myeloma and is composed of homogeneous light chains of
antelope (Antelope cervicapra),
the ( -VI type) and type or their N-terminal fragments ( -Bence Jones
bovid.
protein, amyloid fibril protein in multiple myeloma), or both. AA
(amyloid-associated) proteins are derived from large protein
precursors in the serum (SAA-serum amyloid associated) that are
produced in the liver in response to interleukin-1, and perhaps other
cytokines, and are associated with the HDL3 subclass of lipoproteins.
SAA is an acute-phase protein associated with inflammatory
reactions. AA proteins have been isolated in vitro from the digestion
2. Liver: Hepatitis, portal, of delipidated SAA by monocytic serine proteases (u-PA, urokinase-
lymphoplasmacytic, diffuse, mild. type plasminogen activator-macrophages and granulocytes). This is
the predominant deposit in secondary amyloidosis.
Recent studies have revealed several other proteins in amyloid
deposits:
1. Transthyretin: A serum protein that binds and transports thyroxine
and retinol. A mutant form of transthyretin and its fragment are
isolated in familial amyloid polyneuropathies (Familial Mediterranean
fever) and amyloidosis associated with aging (Alzheimer's disease) in
3. Spleen, red pulp: Amyloidosis, humans.
diffuse, severe. 2. 2 Microglobulin: component of the MHC class 1 molecule has
recently been isolated in amyloidosis that complicates long term
hemodialysis.
3. 2 Amyloid protein (A 4 protein) constitutes the core of cerebral
amyloid plaques as well as the deposits found in the walls of cerebral
vessels in Alzheimer's disease.
4. IAAP (islet amyloid polypeptide): major component of human and
feline pancreatic islet amyloid and of amyloid in human pancreatic
endocrine tumors, occurs in normal pancreatic cells of numerous
species, is located in the outer lucent zone and dense core of the cell
secretory vesicle in the cat and man, respectively, and is probably co-
secreted with insulin. It inhibits basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen
synthesis in skeletal muscle and is believed to play a role in the
insulin resistance seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus in man.
5. AEF (Amyloid-enhancing factor): a glycoprotein that appears to
alter the metabolism of SAA and may be essential for the deposition
of AA amyloid in experimental models. Note that additional elements
must be required for the deposition of amyloid in tissue since SAA
when reacted to IL-1 in the presence of AEF does not give rise to
amyloid.
6. GAG's (sulfated glycosaminoglycans) have been reported in
several forms of amyloid deposits.
7. In addition to those proteins already described, amyloid deposits
derived from hormone precursors (pro-calcitonin, proinsulin,
medullary carcinoma of the thyroid) and keratin have been reported.
8. P Component (AP), also synthesized in the liver, is structurally
similar to C-reactive protein and is associated with all forms of
amyloidosis.
3. 2 Amyloid protein (A 4 protein) constitutes the core of cerebral
amyloid plaques as well as the deposits found in the walls of cerebral
vessels in Alzheimer's disease.
4. IAAP (islet amyloid polypeptide): major component of human and
feline pancreatic islet amyloid and of amyloid in human pancreatic
endocrine tumors, occurs in normal pancreatic cells of numerous
species, is located in the outer lucent zone and dense core of the cell
secretory vesicle in the cat and man, respectively, and is probably co-
secreted with insulin. It inhibits basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen
synthesis in skeletal muscle and is believed to play a role in the
insulin resistance seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus in man.
5. AEF (Amyloid-enhancing factor): a glycoprotein that appears to
alter the metabolism of SAA and may be essential for the deposition
of AA amyloid in experimental models. Note that additional elements
4. Spleen: Hemosiderosis, diffuse, must be required for the deposition of amyloid in tissue since SAA
moderate. when reacted to IL-1 in the presence of AEF does not give rise to
amyloid.
6. GAG's (sulfated glycosaminoglycans) have been reported in
several forms of amyloid deposits.
7. In addition to those proteins already described, amyloid deposits
derived from hormone precursors (pro-calcitonin, proinsulin,
medullary carcinoma of the thyroid) and keratin have been reported.
8. P Component (AP), also synthesized in the liver, is structurally
similar to C-reactive protein and is associated with all forms of
amyloidosis.
Colon: Vasculitis,
Malignant Catarrhal lymphohistiocytic, necrotizing,
28 109 Bovine Fever- gamma multifocal, moderate, with diffuse, AlHV-1, OVH-2
herpesvirus mild to moderate, subacute,
erosive colitis
Langhans- Peripheral nuclei- Foreign Body- Touton giant cell- ring of nuclei
horseshoe shaped disorganized/Central nuclei surrounded by a foamy cytoplasm.
Ameloblastoma is a rare neoplasia of tooth root origin and has never been reported in the rabbit. The
tumor is locally invasive and locally destructive to bone. Metastasis has not been reported. The histologic
criteria to be alerted to are the irregular islands with peripheral palisading columnar cells with polarized
nuclei away from the basement membrane, and the stellate reticulum within the central region.
Pseudopregnancy in the ferret can develop following a sterile mating,
or as result of hormonal imbalance caused by reduced light intensity
one month before breeding. The history of this ferret prior to receipt
from the vendor is unknown.
Histological changes in the endometrium are the same in the
pregnant and pseudopregnant uterus. Features of the endometrium
1. Uterus: Endometrial in the present case include dilated glands containing large amounts
hypertrophy with symplasma of secretory material, marked enlargement of luminal and glandular
formation, ferret (Mustela furo), epithelial cells with extreme karyomegaly, symplasma formation, and
30 118 Ferret sloughing of symplasmic masses into the uterine lumen. There are
mustelid.
2. Uterus: Endometritis, acute, also small accumulations of neutrophils within some dilated glands.
multifocal, mild. These features are similar to the appearance of the endometrium 20
to 25 days following breeding. Symplasma formation occurs as the
most superficial hypertrophied epithelial cells lose their integrity
and form masses of protoplasm containing whole or fragmented
nuclei. The duration of pseudopregnancy is identical to pregnancy
(40-42 days). The endometrium breaks down between day 35 and
day 40, and resembles the anestrous state by day 45.